Handbook of Data Visualization Chun-houh Chen Wolfgang Härdle Antony Unwin Editors Handbook of Data Visualization With  Figures and  Tables 123 Editors Dr Chun-houh Chen Institute of Statistical Science Academia Sinica  Academia Road, Section  Taipei  Taiwan cchen@stat.sinica.edu.tw Professor Wolfgang Härdle CASE – Center for Applied Statistics and Economics School of Business and Economics Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Spandauer Straße   Berlin Germany haerdle@wiwi.hu-berlin.de Professor Antony Unwin Mathematics Institute University of Augsburg  Augsburg Germany unwin@math.uni-augsburg.de ISBN ---- e-ISBN ---- DOI ./---- Library of Congress Control Number:  ©  Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg his work is subject to copyright All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September , , in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law he use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use Typesetting and Production: LE-TEX Jelonek, Schmidt & Vöckler GbR, Leipzig, Germany Cover: deblik, Berlin, Germany Printed on acid-free paper  springer.com Table of Contents I Data Visualization I.1 Introduction Antony Unwin, Chun-houh Chen, Wolfgang K Härdle II Principles II.1 A Brief History of Data Visualization Michael Friendly 15 II.2 Good Graphics? Antony Unwin 57 II.3 Static Graphics Paul Murrell 79 II.4 Data Visualization Through Their Graph Representations George Michailidis 103 II.5 Graph-theoretic Graphics Leland Wilkinson 121 II.6 High-dimensional Data Visualization Martin heus 151 II.7 Multivariate Data Glyphs: Principles and Practice Matthew O Ward 179 II.8 Linked Views for Visual Exploration Adalbert Wilhelm 199 II.9 Linked Data Views Graham Wills 217 II.10 Visualizing Trees and Forests Simon Urbanek 243 VI Table of Contents III Methodologies III.1 Interactive Linked Micromap Plots for the Display of Geographically Referenced Statistical Data Jürgen Symanzik, Daniel B Carr 267 III.2 Grand Tours, Projection Pursuit Guided Tours, and Manual Controls Dianne Cook, Andreas Buja, Eun-Kyung Lee, Hadley Wickham 295 III.3 Multidimensional Scaling Michael A.A Cox, Trevor F Cox 315 III.4 Huge Multidimensional Data Visualization: Back to the Virtue of Principal Coordinates and Dendrograms in the New Computer Age Francesco Palumbo, Domenico Vistocco, Alain Morineau 349 III.5 Multivariate Visualization by Density Estimation Michael C Minnotte, Stephan R Sain, David W Scott 389 III.6 Structured Sets of Graphs Richard M Heiberger, Burt Holland 415 III.7 Regression by Parts: Fitting Visually Interpretable Models with GUIDE Wei-Yin Loh 447 III.8 Structural Adaptive Smoothing by Propagation–Separation Methods Jörg Polzehl, Vladimir Spokoiny 471 III.9 Smoothing Techniques for Visualisation Adrian W Bowman 493 III.10 Data Visualization via Kernel Machines Yuan-chin Ivan Chang, Yuh-Jye Lee, Hsing-Kuo Pao, Mei-Hsien Lee, Su-Yun Huang 539 III.11 Visualizing Cluster Analysis and Finite Mixture Models Friedrich Leisch 561 III.12 Visualizing Contingency Tables David Meyer, Achim Zeileis, Kurt Hornik 589 III.13 Mosaic Plots and Their Variants Heike Hofmann 617 III.14 Parallel Coordinates: Visualization, Exploration and Classiication of High-Dimensional Data Alfred Inselberg 643 III.15 Matrix Visualization Han-Ming Wu, ShengLi Tzeng, Chun-Houh Chen 681 III.16 Visualization in Bayesian Data Analysis Jouni Kerman, Andrew Gelman, Tian Zheng, Yuejing Ding 709 III.17 Programming Statistical Data Visualization in the Java Language Junji Nakano, Yoshikazu Yamamoto, Keisuke Honda 725 III.18 Web-Based Statistical Graphics using XML Technologies Yoshiro Yamamoto, Masaya Iizuka, Tomokazu Fujino 757 Table of Contents VII IV Selected Applications IV.1 Visualization for Genetic Network Reconstruction Grace S Shieh, Chin-Yuan Guo 793 IV.2 Reconstruction, Visualization and Analysis of Medical Images Henry Horng-Shing Lu 813 IV.3 Exploratory Graphics of a Financial Dataset Antony Unwin, Martin heus, Wolfgang K Härdle 831 IV.4 Graphical Data Representation in Bankruptcy Analysis Wolfgang K Härdle, Rouslan A Moro, Dorothea Schäfer 853 IV.5 Visualizing Functional Data with an Application to eBay’s Online Auctions Wolfgang Jank, Galit Shmueli, Catherine Plaisant, Ben Shneiderman 873 IV.6 Visualization Tools for Insurance Risk Processes Krzysztof Burnecki, Rafał Weron 899 List of Contributors Adrian W Bowman University of Glasgow Department of Statistics UK adrian@stats.gla.ac.uk Chun-houh Chen Academia Sinica Institute of Statistical Science Taiwan cchen@stat.sinica.edu.tw Andreas Buja University of Pennsylvania Statistics Department USA buja@wharton.upenn.edu Dianne Cook Iowa State University Department of Statistics USA dicook@iastate.edu Krzysztof Burnecki Wroclaw University of Technology Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science Poland krzysztof.burnecki@gmail.com Michael A A Cox University of Newcastle Upon Tyne Division of Psychology School of Biology and Psychology UK mike.cox@ncl.ac.uk Daniel B Carr George Mason University Center for Computational Statistics USA dcarr@gmu.edu Trevor F Cox Data Sciences Unit Unilever R&D Port Sunlight UK trevor.cox@unilever.com Yuan-chin Ivan Chang Academia Sinica Institute of Statistical Science Taiwan ycchang@stat.sinica.edu.tw Yuejing Ding Columbia University Department of Statistics USA yding@stat.columbia.edu X List of Contributors Michael Friendly York University Psychology Department Canada friendly@yorku.ca Tomokazu Fujino Fukuoka Women’s University Department of Environmental Science Japan fujino@fwu.ac.jp Andrew Gelman Columbia University Department of Statistics USA gelman@stat.columbia.edu Burt Holland Temple University Department of Statistics USA bholland@temple.edu Keisuke Honda Graduate University for Advanced Studies Japan khonda@ism.ac.jp Kurt Hornik Wirtschatsuniversität Wien Department of Statistics and Mathematics Austria Kurt.Hornik@wu-wien.ac.at Chin-Yuan Guo Academia Sinica Institute of Statistical Science Taiwan Su-Yun Huang Academia Sinica Institute of Statistical Science Taiwan syhuang@stat.sinica.edu.tw Wolfgang K Härdle Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin CASE – Center for Applied Statistics and Economics Germany haerdle@wiwi.hu-berlin.de Masaya Iizuka Okayama University Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Japan iizuka@ems.okayama-u.ac.jp Richard M Heiberger Temple University Department of Statistics USA rmh@temple.edu Heike Hofmann Iowa State University Department of Statistics USA hofmann@iastate.edu Alfred Inselberg Tel Aviv University School of Mathematical Sciences Israel aiisreal@post.tau.ac.il Wolfgang Jank University of Maryland Department of Decision and Information Technologies USA wjank@rhsmith.umd.edu List of Contributors XI Jouni Kerman Novartis Pharma AG USA jouni.kerman@novartis.com Eun-Kyung Lee Seoul National University Department of Statistics Korea gracesle@snu.ac.kr David Meyer Wirtschatsuniversität Wien Department of Information Systems and Operations Austria David.Meyer@wu-wien.ac.at George Michailidis University of Michigan Department of Statistics USA gmichail@umich.edu Yuh-Jye Lee National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Taiwan yuh-jye@mail.ntust.edu.tw Michael C Minnotte Utah State University Department of Mathematics and Statistics USA mike.minnotte@usu.edu Mei-Hsien Lee National Taiwan University Institute of Epidemiology Taiwan Alain Morineau La Revue MODULAD France alain.morineau@modulad.fr Friedrich Leisch Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Institut für Statistik Germany Friedrich.Leisch@stat.uni-muenchen.de Rouslan A Moro Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Institut für Statistik und Ökonometrie Germany rmoro@diw.de Wei-Yin Loh University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Statistics USA loh@stat.wisc.edu Henry Horng-Shing Lu National Chiao Tung University Institute of Statistics Taiwan hslu@stat.nctu.edu.tw Paul Murrell University of Auckland Department of Statistics New Zealand paul@stat.auckland.ac.nz Junji Nakano he Institute of Statistical Mathematics and the Graduate University for Advanced Studies Japan nakanoj@ism.ac.jp XII List of Contributors Francesco Palumbo University of Macerata Dipartimento di Istituzioni Economiche e Finanziarie Italy palumbo@unimc.it Hsing-Kuo Pao National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Taiwan pao@mail.ntust.edu.tw Catherine Plaisant University of Maryland Department of Computer Science USA plaisant@cs.umd.edu Jörg Polzehl Weierstrass Institute for Applied Analysis and Stochastics Germany polzehl@wias-berlin.de Stephan R Sain University of Colorado at Denver Department of Mathematics USA ssain@math.cudenver.edu Grace Shwu-Rong Shieh Academia Sinica Institute of Statistical Science Taiwan gshieh@stat.sinica.edu.tw Galit Shmueli University of Maryland Department of Decision and Information Technologies USA gshmueli@rhsmith.umd.edu Ben Shneiderman University of Maryland Department of Computer Science USA ben@cs.umd.edu Vladimir Spokoiny Weierstrass Institute for Applied Analysis and Stochastics Germany spokoiny@wias-berlin.de Jürgen Symanzik Utah State University Department of Mathematics and Statistics USA symanzik@math.usu.edu Dorothea Schäfer Wirtschatsforschung (DIW) Berlin German Institute for Economic Research Germany dschaefer@diw.de Martin Theus University of Augsburg Department of Computational Statistics and Data Analysis Germany martin.theus@math.uni-augsburg.de David W Scott Rice University Division Statistics USA scottdw@rice.edu ShengLi Tzeng Academia Sinica Institute of Statistical Science Taiwan hh@stat.sinica.edu.tw ... Härdle Computational Statistics and Data Visualization his book is the third volume of the Handbook of Computational Statistics and covers the field of data visualization In line with the companion... volume of the Handbook of Computational Statistics takes graphics for data visualization seriously 1.1.1 Data Visualization and Theory Graphics provide an excellent approach for exploring data. .. section of the Handbook concentrates on individual area of graphics research Geographical data can obviously benefit from visualization Much of Bertin’s work was directed at this kind of data Juergen