Chandos Information Professional Series Series Editor: Ruth Rikowski (email: Rikowskigr@aol.com) Chandos’ new series of books is aimed at the busy information professional They have been specially commissioned to provide the reader with an authoritative view of current thinking They are designed to provide easy-to-read and (most importantly) practical coverage of topics that are of interest to librarians and other information professionals If you would like a full listing of current and forthcoming titles, please visit www.chandospublishing.com New authors: we are always pleased to receive ideas for new titles; if you would like to write a book for Chandos, please contact Dr Glyn Jones on g.jones.2@elsevier.com or telephone +44 (0) 1865 843000 The Invisible Librarian A Librarian’s Guide to Increasing Visibility and Impact Aoife Lawton AMSTERDAM • BOSTON • HEIDELBERG • LONDON NEW YORK • OXFORD • PARIS • SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO • SINGAPORE • SYDNEY • TOKYO Chandos Publishing is an imprint of Elsevier Chandos Publishing is an imprint of Elsevier 225 Wyman Street, Waltham, MA 02451, USA Langford Lane, Kidlington, OX5 1GB, UK Copyright © Lawton, A 2016 All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher Details on how to seek permission, further information about the Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein) Notices Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors, assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein ISBN: 978-0-08-100171-4 (print) ISBN: 978-0-08-100174-5 (online) British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Control Number: 2015944253 For information on all Chandos Publishing publications visit our website at http://store.elsevier.com/ List of figures Illustrations by David Mangan Introduction Figure Google Trends library (www.google.com/trends) 2 Figure Google Trends librarian (www.google.com/trends) 2 Figure 3 OCLC graphic OCLC, At a Tipping Point: Education, Learning and Libraries, 2014 3 Figure 4 OCLC graphic OCLC, At a Tipping Point: Education, Learning and Libraries, 2014 5 Cartoon Librarian on the shelf 9 Chapter Figure Cartoon Cartoon Metrics triangle for business 15 CEO struggles at shop floor of library 18 Student buzzes a librarian 24 Chapter Cartoon Cartoon Figure Cherry on the cake library service 43 Academic library 44 Word cloud of tips for academic librarians to increase their visibility 70 Chapter Cartoon Figure Librarian demonstrating Zumba dancing 87 Word cloud of tips for school librarians to increase their visibility 99 Chapter Cartoon Cartoon Figure Sheila on O’Connell street 124 Robots taking over the library 133 Word cloud of tips for public librarians to increase their visibility 145 Chapter Cartoon Librarian’s lift speech 160 Figure 9 Word cloud of tips for health science librarians to increase their visibility 179 x List of figures Chapter Cartoon 10 The sound of a phone ringing sends shockwaves in research centre 199 Figure 10 Word cloud of tips for special librarians to increase their visibility 213 Chapter Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13 Visibility scale 216 PDSA cycle applied to a library scenario 227 Library visibility in Web 1.0 and Web 2.0 244 Chapter Figure 14 Figure 15 Photo Figure 16 The COM-B system – a framework for understanding behaviour 252 Vision, mission and value statements 259 ITT library 265 Quality improvement cycle of core library activities and initiatives 268 Chapter Cartoon 11 Librarian online 281 Cartoon 12 Pet therapy in a health library 290 Chapter 10 Cartoon 13 The world is online at central station 311 List of tables Chapter Table 1 Research demonstrating the value of academic librarians and libraries to readers and organisations 38 Table 2 Self-reported visibility rating of librarian at time of appointment versus today 41 Table 3 Self-reported visibility rating of librarian at time of appointment versus today 48 Table 4 Self-reported visibility rating of librarian at time of appointment versus today 54 Table 5 Self-reported visibility rating of librarian at time of appointment versus today 60 Table 6 Self-reported visibility rating of librarian at time of appointment versus today 67 Chapter Table 7 Mapping literature demonstrating evidence of impact of school library or school librarian on student learning and achievement 74 Table 8 Ireland Department of Education and skills allocation of funding to primary schools for the purchase of books 75 Table 9 Ireland Department of Education and skills allocation of funding to post-primary schools for the purchase of books 76 Table 10 Self-reported visibility of school librarian 78 Table 11 Self-reported visibility of school librarian 85 Table 12 Self-reported visibility of school librarian 95 Chapter Table 13 Research demonstrating evidence of the impact and value indicators of public libraries and librarians to society 104 Table 14 Self-reported visibility rating of librarian at time of appointment versus today 107 Table 15 Self-reported visibility rating of librarian at time of appointment versus today 114 Table 16 Self-reported visibility rating of librarian at time of appointment versus today 122 Table 17 Self-reported visibility rating of librarian at time of appointment versus today 129 Table 18 Self-reported visibility rating of librarian at time of appointment versus today 136 xii List of tables Chapter Table 19 Research demonstrating evidence of impact/value indicator of health science library or librarian on health care 148 Table 20 Self-reported visibility rating of librarian at time of appointment versus today 151 Table 21 Self-reported visibility rating of librarian at time of appointment versus today 156 Table 22 Self-reported visibility rating of librarian at time of appointment versus today 164 Table 23 Self-reported visibility rating of librarian at time of appointment versus today 167 Table 24 Self-reported visibility rating of librarian at time of appointment versus today 175 Chapter Table 25 Research demonstrating evidence of the value of special libraries/librarians to readers and organisations 182 Table 26 Self-reported visibility rating of librarian at time of appointment versus today 185 Table 27 Self-reported visibility rating of librarian at time of appointment versus today 190 Table 28 Self-reported visibility rating of librarian at time of appointment versus today 195 Table 29 Self-reported visibility rating of librarian at time of appointment versus today 203 Table 30 Self-reported visibility rating of librarian at time of appointment versus today 209 Chapter Table 31 Table 32 Table 33 Table 34 Table 35 Table 36 Table 37 Table 38 Table 39 Table 40 Table 41 Table 42 School librarian – example of stakeholders 218 Hospital librarian – example of stakeholders 218 Public librarian – example of stakeholders 219 Academic librarian – example of stakeholders 219 Special/corporate librarian – example of stakeholders 219 Prioritisation of activities and initiatives carried out by library staff 222 Visibility to key stakeholders (sample) 223 Visibility to readers/colleagues/customers 224 Paths to root cause analysis 228 Self-reported visibility of the library to readers 229 Sample library slogans 242 Common metrics of digital and social media tools 246 Chapter Table 43 Table 44 Key components of a strategic plan – sample school library strategic plan 255 Sample library reader charter 259 List of tables xiii Table 45 Strategy map: sample for a school library 260 Table 46 Visibility checklist 270 Chapter Table 47 Table 48 Professional associations representing libraries and librarians 276 Examples of reported impact of embedded librarians 292 Chapter 10 Table 49 The four futures 315 Biography Aoife Lawton BA, MLIS works as a systems librarian at the Health Service Executive Library in Dr Steevens’ Hospital in Dublin, Ireland She coordinates electronic resources ­providing access to over 13,000 health service employees Responsible for setting up and the management of the highly successful Irish health repository Lenus, she is actively involved in a range of specialist projects in the health service She is former chair and an active member of the Irish Health Science Libraries Group, a section of the Library Association of Ireland Preface We are all living in uncertain times, and librarianship is a profession that is ­facing significant challenges An opportunity to investigate the theme of visibility of the profession arose, which prompted this book The visibility of librarians in society is something that presents as a paradox Although a long-established and recognised profession, it is predominately misunderstood and persistently associated with books The problem of the paradox is the potential for the profession to drift and its value and recognition in the world to slowly dissipate This book is written by a librarian for librarians, students interested in studying librarianship and anyone who wonders what it is exactly that librarians Readers are invited to navigate the world of a special, health, public, school or academic librarian in the first chapter This is to give the reader an opportunity to adopt the character of a librarian and get an insider’s view of the profession Many librarians who were interviewed for the book gave up their free time in the evenings, early mornings or during lunch breaks to meet in person or online and share their experiences A true insight into the real working life of librarians from many different countries and continents is captured through these interviews by way of case studies Their stories will open up a world of intrigue and reveal the good, honest work that librarians every day The difference that they make to society generally and the dedication to the profession, which at its core, puts people first, is admirable I trust this book will empower librarians everywhere to increase their visibility, impact and value to the world around them If you are reading this in print, then I wish you an enjoyable digital detox If you are reading this online, then enjoy a different digital experience References 335 Upton, M (June 3, 2010) Adjournment debate – Demonstration library programme Ireland Dail Debates, 711.3 Retrieved from http://debates.oireachtas.ie/dail/2010/06/03/00028.asp Urquhart, C., Turner, J., Durbin, J., & Ryan, J (2007) Changes in information behavior in clinical teams after introduction of a clinical librarian service Journal of the Medical Library Association, 95(1), 14 VanScoy, A (2010) The meaning of reference work for the academic reference librarian: A phenomenological investigation Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC Wagner, K C., & Byrd, G D (2004) Evaluating the effectiveness of clinical medical librarian programs: a systematic review of the literature Journal of the Medical Library Association, 92(1), 14 Wah, C P., & Choh, N L (2008) Libraries without borders Content delivery, Singapore Style Paper presented at “Libraries without borders: navigating towards global understanding” – world library and information Congress In 74th IFLA general conference and council Québec, Canada http://archive.ifla.org/IV/ifla74/papers/074-Wah_Choh-en.pdf Accessed 06.04.15 Walton, G., & Grant, M J (2013) Writing up your project findings In M J Grant, B Sen, & H Spring (Eds.), Research, evaluation and audit: Key steps in demonstrating your value London: Facet Publishing Weightman, A L., & Williamson, J (2005) The value and impact of information provided through library services for patient care: a systematic review Health Information & Libraries Journal, 22(1), 4–25 Welch, J M (2005) Who says we’re not busy? Library web page usage as a measure of public service activity Reference Services Review, 33(4), 371–379 Welsh Government (2014) CyMAL: museums archives and libraries wales In Libraries making a difference: The fifth quality framework of Welsh Public Library Standards 2014–2017 Aberystwyth: Welsh Government Retrieved from http://gov.wales/docs/ drah/publications/140425wpls5en.pdf Wexford County Council (2004) Council’s corporate plan 2004–2009 Retrieved from http:// www.wexford.ie/wex/YourCouncil/Publications/CorporatePlans/Thefile,515,en.pdf Accessed 28.09.14 Wexford County Libraries (October 2014) Library mission statement Retrieved from http:// www.wexford.ie/wex/Departments/Library/ Accessed 26.10.14 Wheaton, K., & Murray, A (2011) The future of the The future: the continuing saga of the knowledge librarian KM World, 20(10) Retrieved from http://www.kmworld.com/ Articles/Column/The-Future-of-the-Future/The-Future-of-the-The-Future-Thecontinuing-saga-of-the-knowledge-librarian-78464.aspx When robots join the library (September 29, 2014) Wall Street Journal Retrieved from http://www.wsj.com/video/when-robots-join-the-library/632795B5-2C6E-4C22-B67321AA55CEB4F0.html Williams, L (November 23, 2014) Embedded information professionals – Making the leap from library to workplace CILIP Update Wong, A C Y (2013) Using the critical incident technique to evaluate the service quality perceptions of public library users: an exploratory study In Proceedings of the eighth international conference on conceptions of library and information science, Copenhagen, Denmark, 19–22 August, 2013 Information Research 18(3), September, 2013 http://www informationr.net/ir/18-3/colis/paperS10.html#.VSu4eqNPOmR Woodworth, A (May 6, 2014) Programs that boil, bake, and sizzle! Programs that pop Library Journal Retrieved from http://lj.libraryjournal.com/2014/05/opinion/programs-that-pop/ programs-that-boil-bake-and-sizzle-programs-that-pop/#_ 336 References World Health Organisation (2015) Obesity and overweight Factsheet No 311 Retreived from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/ Wu, L., & Mi, M (2013) Sustaining librarian vitality: embedded librarianship model for health sciences libraries Medical Reference Services Quarterly, 32(3), 257–265 Xia, Z D (2009) Marketing library services through Facebook groups Library Management, 30(6/7), 469–478 Xuan, W., & Hongyan, L (2011) Energy saving and green building design of libraries: a case study of Zhengzhou Library San Juan, Puerto Rico: IFLA World Library and Information Congress 13-18 August, 2011 Retrieved from http://conference.ifla.org/past-wlic/2011/ library-buildings-and-equipment-section.htm Yang, L., & Perrin, J M (2014) Tutorials on Google analytics: how to craft a web analytics report for a library web site Journal of Web Librarianship, 8(4), 404–417 Young, J S (2012) Pet therapy: dogs de-stress students Journal of Christian Nursing, 29(4), 217–221 Young, S W H (2014) Improving library user experience with A/B testing: principles and process Weave, 1(1) http://dx.doi.org/10.3998/weave.12535642.0001.101 Zhang, J., & Mayer, N (2014) Proactive chat reference getting in the users’ space College & Research Libraries News, 75(4), 202–205 Zhong, H (2007) Research on reader self-service in a public library Library Management, 28(1/2), 101–106 Index Note: Page numbers followed by “f”, “t” and “b” indicate figures, tables and boxes, respectively A Academic and Special Libraries Group, 199–200 Academic librarians, 12–13, 23–26 example of readers/users of academic library service, 219–220 to increasing visibility, 44 Academic librarianship See also Health librarianship; Public librarianship; School librarianship; Special librarianship assessment, 286–287 communicating value, 286 engaging with stakeholders, 286 library role and librarian in research, 283–284 proactive reference, 280–282 repositories and open access, 285–286 research, 291 roving librarians, 282 trend spotting, 283 virtual visibility, 284–285 Academic medical library, emerging technologies librarian working in, 46–53 challenging scenario, 50–51 embedded librarian/liaison librarian/librarian in, 51–52 emerging technologies, 52–53 formal way of measuring and reporting impact, 50 impact and visibility improvement, 51 increasing visibility in online environment, 52 increasing your visibility, 49 mission of library, 47 mission of organisation, 46–47 online visibility of library and librarian, 47 role in organisation, 47–48 self-reported visibility rating, 48t USC, 46 value, 50 visibility at time of appointment, 48 visibility today, 48–49 visible to users in online environment, 52 ACRL See Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL) ADA See Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Advertising, 262 See also Visibility Blog, 264 Canteen/cafeteria, 265 Chat reference, 266 Events, 264–265 Facebook, 263–264 LinkedIn, 264 Online tutorials, 265–266 Twitter, 262–263 Videos, 266 YouTube, 266 Advocacy groups, 279–280 library associations, 274–275 power of customer voice, 275–279 for school librarianship, 295–296 African Library and Information Associations and Institutions (AfLIA), 275 AiA See Assessment in Action (AiA) ALA See American Library Association (ALA) ALIA See Australian Library and Information Association (ALIA) American Library Association (ALA), 141, 274 Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), 184 ARL See Association of Research Libraries (ARL) Assessment in Action (AiA), 38 Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL), 38, 237, 286–287 Association of Research Libraries (ARL), 281 338 Auckland Council intranet, 205 Australian Library and Information Association (ALIA), 142, 275 Australian university, 293 B Balanced Scorecard approach, 258–260 Behaviour change wheel (BCW), 251 Being proactive, 260–262 promotional materials, 261–262 BEME See Best Evidence in Medical Education (BEME) BEME International Collaborating Centres (BICC), 194 BESS See Business economic and social studies (BESS) Best Evidence in Medical Education (BEME), 193–194 BIALL See British and Irish Association of Law Librarians (BIALL) BICC See BEME International Collaborating Centres (BICC) BIS See Business information service (BIS) Blog, 264 BMJ Learning™, 176 Boroondara, information management and Kew librarian at, 134–144 advise new people into profession of librarianship, 141–142 challenging scenarios, 140 cuts and closures in public libraries, 140–141 formal method of reporting impact, 139–140 impact, 138–139 increasing your visibility, 137, 142 mission, 135 objective of council for, 135 online visibility of library and librarian, 135–136 public librarian in years, 142–143 tips for public librarians, 141 use of volunteers in public libraries, 143–144 value as librarian to organisation, 137–138 visible in online environment, 142 vision, 134–135 Branding, 240–243 Brazilian Federation Librarians Association (FEBAB), 274 Index British and Irish Association of Law Librarians (BIALL), 207–208 Business case, 14 Business economic and social studies (BESS), 41 Business information service (BIS), 111 C Canteen/cafeteria, 265 Capability, 251 CAUL See Council of Australian University Librarians (CAUL) CCGs See Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs) CCOs See Council-Controlled Organisations (CCOs) CEO See Chief executive officer (CEO) Certified library therapy dogs, 289–290 Change management approach, 251 Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals (CILIP), 274 Chat reference, 266 Chief executive officer (CEO), 103, 167 Child and Family Agency librarian, working as information scientist in, 188–193 advice to new entrants, 193 challenging scenario, 191–192 current role, 190 embedded librarian, 192 formal method of reporting impact/value, 191 increasing your visibility, 191 librarian, information specialist or research officer, 191 mission of organisation, 189 online visibility of library and librarian, 189 tips for librarians working in health care, 192 value to organisation, 192 visibility improvement, 190 CID See Contract of Indefinite Duration (CID) CILIP See Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals (CILIP) Index CISS See Clinical Information Search Service (CISS) Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs), 174 Clinical Information Search Service (CISS), 159 Clinical librarians (CLs), 155 CLs See Clinical librarians (CLs) Collective intelligence and collaboration, 311 COM-B system, 251, 252f Communicating value, 286 Community, 107–108, 126 Computer on Wheels (COW), 287–288 Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 286 Consumer choice, 315 Contact point for library, 55 Continuing professional development (CPD), 252–253 Contract of Indefinite Duration (CID), 81 Corporate setting, corporate librarian working in, 202–206 advice to new librarians, 205–206 challenging scenario, 204 corporate librarian in years, 206 formal method of measuring and reporting your impact, 204 increasing visibility, 204 increasing visibility in online environment, 205 online visibility of library and librarian, 202 role in organisation, 202–204 tips for corporate librarians, 204–205 value, 204 visible to users in online environment, 205 vision of council, 202 Council of Australian University Librarians (CAUL), 237 Council-Controlled Organisations (CCOs), 202 COW See Computer on Wheels (COW) CPD See Continuing professional development (CPD) CRIS See Current research information system (CRIS) Critical success factors for increasing visibility, 292–293 CSIC See Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) 339 Current research information system (CRIS), 285 Customer charter See Reader charter D DEAL See Drop Everything And Listen (DEAL) DEAR See Drop Everything and Read (DEAR) Define, measure, analyse, improve and control (DMAIC), 249 DEIS See Delivering Equality of Opportunity in Schools (DEIS) Delivering Equality of Opportunity in Schools (DEIS), 77 Deming PDSA cycle plan-do-study-act, 226, 227f Democracy, 308 Diabetes Education and Self-Management for Ongoing and Newly Diagnosed team (DESMOND team), 157 Digital Cart Service, 285 Digital library, 285 Digital Public Library of America (DPLA), 303 Digital rights management (DRM), 138 DMAIC See Define, measure, analyse, improve and control (DMAIC) DocToBib YouTube channel, 289 DPLA See Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) DRM See Digital rights management (DRM) Drop Everything And Listen (DEAL), 257–258, 307 Drop Everything and Read (DEAR), 298–299 Dublin city public libraries, librarian working at, 120–134 advice to new professionals, 128, 133–134 challenging scenarios, 125–126, 131 formal reporting of impact, 125 formal way to measuring impact, 131 impact, 123, 125, 130–131 mission of Dublin city public libraries, 121 mission of organisation, 121 340 Dublin city public libraries, librarian working at (Continued) online method of increasing visibility, 133 online visibility for public libraries, 127, 133 of library and librarian, 121–122 people in different communities, 124 proving value, 123 public library as space in years, 127, 132–133 role in organisation, 128 self-reported visibility, 128–129 successful ways of increasing visibility, 123–125, 130 tips for public librarians, 126, 131–132 use of volunteers in public libraries, 126–127, 132 value as librarian to organisation, 122–123, 130 visibility score, 129–130 Duke University embedded library, 293 E EAHIL See European Association for Health Information and Libraries (EAHIL) East Dunbartonshire Leisure & Culture (EDCL), 300 EBL See Evidence-based librarianship (EBL) EBLIDA See European Bureau of Library, Information and Documentation Associations (EBLIDA) EBLIP See Evidence-Based Library and Information Practice (EBLIP) EBM See Evidence-based medicine (EBM) EBP See Evidence-based practice (EBP) EDCL See East Dunbartonshire Leisure & Culture (EDCL) Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), 201 EFQM See European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) Elevator pitch See Lift speech Embedded librarian model, 44–45 Embedded librarianship, 291, 293 Emotional intelligence, 316 Endnote™, 42, 44 Index English librarian, 103–104 ERIC See Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) EU See European Union (EU); Evidence Update (EU) European Association for Health Information and Libraries (EAHIL), 275, 312–313 European Bureau of Library, Information and Documentation Associations (EBLIDA), 275 European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM), 239 European Union (EU), 73 Events, 264–265 Evidence Update (EU), 157 Evidence-based librarianship (EBL), 291 Evidence-based librarianship, 312–313 Evidence-Based Library and Information Practice (EBLIP), 313 Evidence-based medicine (EBM), 291 Evidence-based practice (EBP), 291 Exeter Health Library, e-resources librarian working at, 172–178 challenging scenario, 177 embedded librarian/librarian, 177 formal method of measuring and/ or reporting library and librarian impact, 176–177 impact, 176 methods of increasing visibility, 174–175 mission, 173 online visibility, 173–174 tips for health science librarians, 177 tips for new people, 178 value, 175–176 visible in online environment, 177–178 F Facebook, 263–264 Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, 193–201 advice to new entrants, 199–200 challenging scenario, 196 embedded librarian/librarian in context, 200–201 formal way of measuring and reporting impact, 195–196 Index increasing visibility, 195 increasing visibility in online environment, 198–199 role of research officer, 193–194 specialist role, 201 tips for academic/embedded librarians, 196–197 value, 195 visible to users in online environment, 197–198 Fear, uncertainty and doubt (FUD), 225–226 FEBAB See Brazilian Federation Librarians Association (FEBAB) Financial resource, 249 Finch report, 174 Finland, 309 Fishing, 313 Formal assessment, 80–81, 89 FTEs See Full-time equivalents (FTEs) FUD See Fear, uncertainty and doubt (FUD) Full-time equivalents (FTEs), 40, 116–117 G Going mobile, 288–289 Good librarians, 307 Google, 280 Grade point average (GPA), 286 H Health librarianship, 287 See also Academic librarianship; Public librarianship; School librarianship; Special librarianship collaboration with clinicians, 289 embedded librarianship, 291 expanding staff to include therapy dog, 289–291 getting outside of library, 287–288 going mobile, 288–289 reported impact of embedded librarians, 292t Health Professions Education Centre (HPEC), 193b Health science librarians, 147, 309 Health Sciences Library (HSL), 46–47 Heritage, 108 Highest-Paid-Person’s Opinion (HiPPOs), 221 341 HiPPOs See Highest-Paid-Person’s Opinion (HiPPOs) Horizon report, 283 Hospital librarian, 218–219 HPEC See Health Professions Education Centre (HPEC) HR See Human resources (HR) HSL See Health Sciences Library (HSL) Human resources (HR), 12, 171, 249 I IBTS See Irish Blood Transfusion Service (IBTS) ICT See Information Communications and Technology (ICT) IFLA See International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) IL programme See Information literacy programme (IL programme) ILL See Interlibrary loan (ILL) Impact academic librarianship, 280–287 health librarianship, 287–291 public librarianship, 299–305 school librarianship, 294–296 special librarianship, 296–299 Implementation science, 258–260 Implementing plan, 258–260 strategy map, 260t Improvisation, 251–253 capability, 252–253 financial resource, 253 human resource, 253 motivation, 253 opportunity, 253 Inform management, 266–267 Information audit, 233–234 Information Communications and Technology (ICT), 252 Information literacy programme (IL programme), 293 Information technology (IT), 11, 106, 169, 183 Institute of Technology Tallaght Dublin (ITT Dublin), 58–59 Institutional repository (IR), 241 Interlibrary loan (ILL), 61 342 International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA), 74, 181, 274, 310, 313 IR See Institutional repository (IR) Irish Blood Transfusion Service (IBTS), 166 IT See Information technology (IT) ITT Dublin See Institute of Technology Tallaght Dublin (ITT Dublin) J Job Bridge, 93 Junior Certificate School Programme (JCSP), 75 JCSP Library Project, 84 K Key performance indicators (KPIs), 12, 131 Key Performance Questions (KPQ), 257 Knee-jerk reaction, 273–274 Kuopio University Hospital Medical Library (KUH Medical Library), 585 L LAMP See Library Analytics and Metrics project (LAMP) LD See Library Development (LD) Leadership library associations, 274–275 power of customer voice, 275–279 Legal information manager, 206–213 advice to new entrants, 213 challenging scenario, 211–212 formal way of measuring and reporting impact, 211 impact, 211 mission of McCann FitzGerald, 207 library, 207 online visibility of library and librarian, 207 role in organisation, 207–209 tips for law librarians, 212 value, 210–211 visibility increasing, 210 key stakeholders, 209 readers and users of library service, 210 visible in online environment, 212 Index Leicester Royal Infirmary hospital (LRI hospital), 161 Level of Impact (LoI), 238 Liaison librarian working in academic library, 53–58 See also Systems librarian working in academic library challenging scenario, 56–57 formal method of evaluation for reporting, 56 increasing visibility, 54–55, 57 value and impact of library service, 55–56 value librarian brings to organisation, 55 visible to users in online environment, 58 LIANZA See Library and Information Association of New Zealand (LIANZA) Librarian working in secondary school for boys and girls, 83–93 challenging scenario, 90 challenging traditional image of stereotypical librarian, 86 impact, 88–89 mission statement, 83–84 most read book in library, 91–92 online visibility, 91 school librarianship, 92 score, 86–87 strategies, 87–88 taking credit, 93 threats to profession, 93 tips to new entrants, 90–91 value, 88 visibility and impact, 90 to key stakeholders, 84 Librarians, 11, 249, 273–274, 307, 316 academic, 12–13 business case, 14 critical success factors for increasing visibility, 292–293 feedback, 15–17 as leaders, 279–280 advocacy groups, 279–280 schools of library and information studies/iSchools, 279 medical, 12 online visibility, 293 professional associations representing, 276t–278t Index public, 13 in research, 283–284 roving, 282 school, 12 special librarian, 13–14 visibility emergency kit, 305 Librarians’ Information Literacy Annual Conference (LILAC), 45–46 Libraries, 307 change, 309–310 collective intelligence and ­collaboration, 311 consumer choice, 315 democracy, 308 evidence-based librarianship, 312–313 fishing, 313 future, 315–316 planning for, 316 getting outside of, 287–288 leadership and advocacy library associations, 274–275 power of customer voice, 275–279 library associations, 274–275 library role, 283–284 neutral generalists, 307–308 openness, 309 power through collaboration, 314 professional associations representing, 276t–278t professional reputation, 312 recognition, 314 rise of smarts, 312 robots, 315 societal good, 308 space, 314 synthetic biology, 314 trends, 309–310 universal access to knowledge, 317 values and principles, 317 world is online, 310–311 Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts (LISTA), 312–313 Library Advocacy Unshushed: Values, Evidence, Action, 279 Library Analytics and Metrics project (LAMP), 237 Library and Information Association of New Zealand (LIANZA), 205–206, 275 343 Library and information science (LIS), 181, 262, 273, 291, 312–313 Library Champions campaign, 274 Library Development (LD), 106 Library media specialist (LMS), 295 Library patrons, 275–279 Library Ranking Europe (LRE), 238 Lift speech, 267–268 LILAC See Librarians’Information Literacy Annual Conference (LILAC) LinkedIn, 264 LIS See Library and information science (LIS) LIS Transformation Charter, 295–296 LISTA See Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts (LISTA) LMS See Library media specialist (LMS) Local Government Act (2001), 75 LoI See Level of Impact (LoI) LRE See Library Ranking Europe (LRE) LRI hospital See Leicester Royal Infirmary hospital (LRI hospital) M Management techniques, 232 Massive Open Online Course (MOOC), 110, 252, 279 Masters of Library and Information Studies (MLIS), 206 Masters of Library Science (MLS), 312–313 McCann FitzGerald, 207 Medical librarian, 12, 26–32 MEDLIS See Model for Evaluation of Digital Libraries and Information Services (MEDLIS) Meta-data, 303 Millennium system, 62 MLA See U.S Medical Library Association (MLA) MLIS See Masters of Library and Information Studies (MLIS) MLS See Masters of Library Science (MLS) Model for Evaluation of Digital Libraries and Information Services (MEDLIS), 246 MOOC See Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) 344 N National Childcare Information System (NCCIS), 190 National Clinical Effectiveness Committee (NCEC), 151 National Council for Library and Information Services (NCLIS), 295–296 National Health Service (NHS), 148, 287 NCCIS See National Childcare Information System (NCCIS) NCEC See National Clinical Effectiveness Committee (NCEC) NCLIS See National Council for Library and Information Services (NCLIS) Neutral generalists, 307–308 NHS See National Health Service (NHS) NLIS See Northamptonshire Libraries and Information Service (NLIS) Northamptonshire central library, 112–120 advice to new professionals, 120 challenging scenarios, 119–120 impact of library service on organisation, 117 measuring impact of library service, 117 mission, 113 online visibility for public libraries, 119 of library and librarian, 113 public library, 118 use of volunteers in public libraries, 118 value, 116–117 visibility increasing, 115–116 to key stakeholders, 113–114 with readers/users, 114–115 vision, 113 Northamptonshire Libraries and Information Service (NLIS), 112 O OA See Open access (OA) OECD See Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Online public access catalogue (OPAC), 284 Online repository directories, 286 Online tutorials, 265–266 Index Online visibility, 155–156, 159, 163, 293 of library and librarian, 40, 113, 121–122, 150–152, 166–168, 183 for public libraries, 119, 127, 133 measurement, 240 OPAC See Online public access catalogue (OPAC) Open access (OA), 138, 285–286 OpenDOAR, 286 Openness, 309 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), 74, 309 Outcome measurement, 249 P Pakistan Library Association, 275 Palliative care setting, librarian working in, 149–154 advice to new entrants, 154 challenging scenarios, 153 embedded librarian, 153 mission of organisation, 149 online visibility of library and librarian, 150–152 reporting impact and value to management, 153 tips for health librarians, 153 value of librarian to organisation, 152–153 PDST See Professional Development Service for Teachers (PDST) Peninsula Medical School library (PMS library), 174 People’s Network (PN), 238 Performance, 283 PESTLE factors See Political, Economic, Social, Technological, ­Environmental, Legislative factors (PESTLE factors) Physical library, 161 PISA See Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) PLA See Public Library Association (PLA) PMS library See Peninsula Medical School library (PMS library) PN See People’s Network (PN) Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental, Legislative factors (PESTLE factors), 234–236 Index Positioning, 232–233 Power through collaboration, 314 Prioritisation exercise, 221–223 Proactive chat, 282 Proactive reference, 280–282 Professional Development Service for Teachers (PDST), 84 Professional reputation, 312 Programme co-ordinators, 116–117 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), 74 Public librarian, 13, 19–23, 219 Public librarianship See also Academic librarianship; Health librarianship; School librarianship; Special librarianship co-location and open libraries, 301–304 engagement with readers, 300–301 greater opportunities, 299 lifelong learning and bridging digital divide, 299–300 maker movement, 300 publishing research, 304–305 social media, 301 Public libraries, 103, 104t Public Library Association (PLA), 238 Q Quality improvement, 268 cycle, 268f R R&D See Research and Development (R&D) RAILS See Rubric Assessment of Information Literacy Skills (RAILS) RCA See Root cause analysis (RCA) Reader charter, 258–270, 259t vision, mission and value statements, 259f Recognition, 314 Repositories, 285–286 Reputation, 109, 126 Research, Innovation, Learning and Development (RILD), 174 Research and Development (R&D), 183–184 Research consultations, 280–281 345 Return on investment (ROI), 181, 221, 274–275 RILD See Research, Innovation, Learning and Development (RILD) Rise of smarts, 312 ROAR, 286 Robots, 315 ROI See Return on investment (ROI) ROI dashboard, 296–297 Root cause analysis (RCA), 227–228 Roving librarians, 282 Rubric Assessment of Information Literacy Skills (RAILS), 237 S Scenario planning, 316 School librarian, 12, 32–35, 74–75 example of readers/users of school library service, 218 in secondary school for boys, 77–83 challenging scenarios, 81 impact, 80–81 most read book in library, 82 scores, 78 self-reported visibility, 78t tips to new entrants, 82 value, 80 visibility, 77–78 visibility and impact, 82 visibility score and strategies, 79–80 in secondary school for girls, 93–99 activities to increase visibility of librarian and library, 95–96 advice to new entrants, 98–99 challenging scenario, 98 impact, 97 library aims, 94 methods of reporting impact, 97–98 mission statement, 94 most read book in library, 99 tips for increasing visibility, 96–97 tips for school librarians, 98 value of librarian to school, 97 visibility score, 94–95 School librarianship, 294–296 See also Academic librarianship; Health librarianship; Public librarianship; Special librarianship 346 School Library Association in the Republic of Ireland (SLARI), 92 Schools of library and information studies/iSchools, 279 SDC See Special and Digital Collections (SDC) SDSU See South Dakota State University (SDSU) Self-actualisation, 303 Self-reported visibility, 223 Shewhart cycle See Deming PDSA cycle plan-do-study-act Simple Web Service Offering Repository Deposit protocol (SWORD protocol), 285 Sina Weibo, 262–263 Skills, 11 audit, 233–234 SLARI See School Library Association in the Republic of Ireland (SLARI) SMART See Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic and Time bound (SMART) Smart cities, 312 SmartCitizen, 312 Social inclusion, 125 Social media, 262–263 Societal good, 308 South Dakota State University (SDSU), 286 South West Institute for Clinical Effectiveness (SWICE), 174 Space, 314 SPCs See Strategic Policy Committees (SPCs) Special and Digital Collections (SDC), 233 Special librarian, 13–14, 17–35 Special librarianship, 296–299 See also Academic librarianship; Health librarianship; Public librarianship; School librarianship co-creation, 298 collaboration, 298–299 Special Libraries Association, 296–297 Specialist health library, librarian working in, 165–172 challenging scenario, 171 embedded librarian model, 171–172 formal method of measuring and/or reporting impact, 170–171 mission of library, 166 Index mission of organisation, 166 online visibility of library and librarian, 166–168 role of librarian in organisation, 168 tips for librarians to increasing visibility, 171 value librarian brings to organisation, 168–169 value or impact, 169–170 Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic and Time bound (SMART), 257 SRC See Staff Representative Committee (SRC) Staff Representative Committee (SRC), 137 Stakeholders analysis, 216–217 engaging with, 286 STAR method, 226 State of Alaska Court Law Library, 182–188 background, 183–184 challenging scenario, 186 corporate librarian, 188 embedded librarian, 187 formal method of reporting impact or value, 186 impact, 186 increasing visibility in online environment, 187 librarian be knowledge manager, 188 mission, 182–183 mission of law library, 183 online visibility of library and librarian, 183 social media, 187 tips for librarians working in health care, 187 value, 186 visibility, 186 key stakeholders, 184–185 readers/users of library service, 185 visible to users in online environment, 187 Strategic planning, 253–258, 255t–256t goals, 254–257 objectives, 257 standards of service, 257–258 value statement, 257 Strategic Policy Committees (SPCs), 106 Subject librarian, 39–46 advice to new people into profession of librarianship, 45 background and current role, 40–42 Index challenging scenarios, 43 formal method of measuring and/or reporting, 43 increasing visibility, 42 mission of library, 39–40 mission of organisation, 39 online visibility of library and, 40 self-reported visibility rating, 41t value, 42–43 visible to users in online environment, 45 Successful strategies, 281 SWICE See South West Institute for Clinical Effectiveness (SWICE) SWORD protocol See Simple Web Service Offering Repository Deposit protocol (SWORD protocol) SWOT, 234–236 Synthetic biology, 314 Systems librarian working in academic library, 58–65 See also Liaison librarian working in academic library advice to new entrants to profession, 65 challenging scenario, 63 embedded librarian, 64 formal way of measuring and reporting impact, 62–63 impact, 62 impact and visibility improvement, 63 increasing visibility in online environment, 64–65 ITT Dublin, 58–59 mission of library, 59 mission of organisation, 59 online visibility of library and librarian, 59–61 value, 61–62 visible to users in online environment, 64 T Table of contents (TOCs), 204 Tailoring services, 269 Technology, 310, 315–316 Technology Lunch Series, 48–49 Technology Workshop, 48–49 Therapy dogs, 289–290 TOCs See Table of contents (TOCs) 347 Total Quality Management (TQM), 239 Trend spotting, 283 Twitter, 262–263 U U.S Medical Library Association (MLA), 49, 147, 274–275 UBC See University of British Columbia (UBC) UHL See University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust (UHL) UK Online Centres (UKOC), 237–238 UN Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO), 74 Unique selling point (USP), 16 Universal access to knowledge, 317 University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust (UHL), 154, 161 advice to new health science librarians, 159–160 challenging scenario, 158 CL in years, 160–161 clinical librarian working in, 154–161 formal method of measuring and/or reporting library and librarian impact, 158 mission of organisation, 155 online visibility, 155–156, 159 tips for CLs to increasing visibility, 158–159 value, 157 value and impact, 157 visibility score, 157 University of British Columbia (UBC), 161–165 advice to new entrants, 165 Biomedical Branch Library, 162–163 challenging scenario, 164 embedded librarian/librarian in context, 165 formal method of measuring and/ or reporting library and librarian impact, 164 health science librarian in years, 165 impact, 164 mission, 162 mission of organisation, 162 online visibility, 163 tips for health science librarians, 164–165 value, 164 values, 162 visible to users in online environment, 165 348 University of Eastern Finland Library/ Kuopio University Hospital Medical Library, head of services at, 65–70 challenging scenario, 68 embedded librarian, 69 formal method of measuring and reporting impact, 62–63, 68 impact, 68 increasing online visibility, 69 increasing visibility, 68 mission of library, 66 mission of organisation, 66 online visibility, 66–68 value, 68 visible to users in online environment, 69 University of New Mexico (UNM), 281 University of South Florida (USF), 233 University of Southern California (USC), 46 UNM See University of New Mexico (UNM) USC See University of Southern California (USC) USF See University of South Florida (USF) USP See Unique selling point (USP) V Value, 11, 20, 317 academic librarianship, 280–287 determination, 217–218 health librarianship, 287–291 public librarianship, 299–305 school librarianship, 294–296 special librarianship, 296–299 study, 238–239 Videos, 266 VIP See Visibility improvement plan (VIP) Virtual learning environment (VLE), 23, 241 Virtual reference desk (VRD), 281 Virtual visibility, 284–285 Visibility, 11, 17, 215 See also Advertising academic librarian, 219–220 academic librarianship, 280–287 being proactive, 260–262 promotional materials, 261–262 branding, 240–243 checklist, 270 for online access points, 243–246 emergency kit, 305 Index health librarianship, 287–291 hospital librarian, 218–219 impact and value measurement academic libraries, 237 health science libraries, 238–239 public libraries, 237–238 special libraries, 239–240 implementing plan, 258–260 strategy map, 260t improving quality, 268 quality improvement cycle, 268f improvisation, 251–253 capability, 252–253 financial resource, 253 human resource, 253 motivation, 253 opportunity, 253 inform management, 266–267 information audit, 233–234 through internal and external co-operation and collaboration, 106 to key stakeholders and librarians, 107 librarian, 220–221 library score, 229–230 library visibility to readers, 228–229 lift speech, 267–268 management techniques, 232 measuring your visibility, 223–224 online visibility measurement, 240 PESTLE, 234–236 positioning, 232–233 prioritisation exercise, 221–223 public librarian, 219 public librarianship, 299–305 RCA, 227–228 scale, 216f school librarian, 218 school librarianship, 294–296 score, 224–227 skills audit, 233–234 special librarianship, 296–299 stakeholder analysis, 216–217 strategic planning, 253–258, 255t–256t goals, 254–257 objectives, 257 standards of service, 257–258 value statement, 257 SWOT, 234–236 tailoring services, 269 Index at time of appointment, 107 value determination, 217–218 vis-à-vis policy-makers in county council, 106 visibility, impact and value measurement, 236 visibility of librarian, 223 visibility of library, 228 visualisation, 250–251 “you can it!”, 269–270 Visibility improvement plan (VIP), 217–218, 249–271 Visualisation, 250–251 VLE See Virtual learning environment (VLE) VRD See Virtual reference desk (VRD) W Wayne State University (WSU), 283–284 Website traffic, 289 Wexford county council public libraries, county librarian at, 104–112 advice to new professionals, 112 building up public library service countywide, 107–108 challenging scenarios, 111–112 changing in public library, 110 heritage, 108 349 importance of online visibility for public libraries, 110–111 infrastructure, 108 impact of library service, 109 measuring impact of library service, 109 mission of library, 105 mission of organisation, 105 online visibility of library and librarian, 105 role of county librarian, 105–106 strategic areas of public library service provision, 106 tips for public librarians, 109–110 use of volunteers in public libraries, 110 value, 108 visibility, 249–271 through internal and external co-operation and collaboration, 106 to key stakeholders and librarians, 107 at time of appointment, 107 vis-à-vis policy-makers in county council, 106 Wikipedia, 280 World Health Organisation, 300–301 WSU See Wayne State University (WSU) Y “You can it!”, 269–270 YouTube, 266 ... systematic reviews When this content is created by a multi-disciplinary team such as a librarian and a teacher, a librarian and a clinician, a librarian and a social worker, a librarian and a human... who they are and what they on the one hand and understand and value what they on the other All state that they had a low visibility score at the time of their appointment and report an increase... technologies librarian, a systems librarian and a librarian in a managerial role as head of services The librarians are based in Ireland, the United States and Finland Interviews were held in person and