Springer fremond m maceri f (eds) mechanical modelling and computational issues in civil engineering (LNACM 23 springer 2005)(ISBN 3540255672)(418s)

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Springer fremond m maceri f (eds) mechanical modelling and computational issues in civil engineering (LNACM 23 springer 2005)(ISBN 3540255672)(418s)

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Lecture Notes in Applied and Computational Mechanics Volume 23 Series Editors Prof Dr.-Ing Friedrich Pfeiffer Prof Dr.-Ing Peter Wriggers Lecture Notes in Applied and Computational Mechanics Edited by F Pfeiffer and P Wriggers Vol 22: Chang C.H Mechanics of Elastic Structures with Inclined Members: Analysis of Vibration, Buckling and Bending of X-Braced Frames and Conical Shells 190 p 2004 [3-540-24384-4] Vol 21: Hinkelmann R Efˇcient Numerical Methods and Information-Processing Techniques for Modeling Hydro- and Environmental Systems 305 p 2005 [3-540-24146-9] Vol 20: Zohdi T.I., Wriggers P Introduction to Computational Micromechanics 196 p 2005 [3-540-22820-9] Vol 19: McCallen R., Browand F., Ross J (Eds.) The Aerodynamics of Heavy Vehicles: Trucks, Buses, and Trains 567 p 2004 [3-540-22088-7] Vol 18: Leine, R.I., Nijmeijer, H Dynamics and Bifurcations of Non-Smooth Mechanical Systems 236 p 2004 [3-540-21987-0] Vol 17: Hurtado, J.E Structural Reliability: Statistical Learning Perspectives 257 p 2004 [3-540-21963-3] Vol 16: Kienzler R., Altenbach H., Ott I (Eds.) Theories of Plates and Shells: Critical Review and New Applications 238 p 2004 [3-540-20997-2] Vol 15: Dyszlewicz, J Micropolar Theory of Elasticity 356 p 2004 [3-540-41835-0] Vol 14: FrÃemond M., Maceri F (Eds.) Novel Approaches in Civil Engineering 400 p 2003 [3-540-41836-9] Vol 13: Kolymbas D (Eds.) Advanced Mathematical and Computational Geomechanics 315 p 2003 [3-540-40547-X] Vol 12: Wendland W., Efendiev M (Eds.) Analysis and Simulation of Multiˇeld Problems 381 p 2003 [3-540-00696-6] Vol 11: Hutter K., Kirchner N (Eds.) Dynamic Response of Granular and Porous Materials under Large and Catastrophic Deformations 426 p 2003 [3-540-00849-7] Vol 10: Hutter K., Baaser H (Eds.) Deformation and Failure in Metallic Materials 409 p 2003 [3-540-00848-9] Vol 9: Skrzypek J., Ganczarski A.W (Eds.) Anisotropic Behaviour of Damaged Materials 366 p 2003 [3-540-00437-8] Vol 8: Kowalski, S.J Thermomechanics of Drying Processes 365 p 2003 [3-540-00412-2] Vol 7: Shlyannikov, V.N Elastic-Plastic Mixed-Mode Fracture Criteria and Parameters 246 p 2002 [3-540-44316-9] Vol 6: Popp K., Schiehlen W (Eds.) System Dynamics and Long-Term Behaviour of Railway Vehicles, Track and Subgrade 488 p 2002 [3-540-43892-0] Vol 5: Duddeck, F.M.E Fourier BEM: Generalization of Boundary Element Method by Fourier Transform 181 p 2002 [3-540-43138-1] Vol 4: Yuan, H Numerical Assessments of Cracks in Elastic-Plastic Materials 311 p 2002 [3-540-43336-8] Vol 3: Sextro, W Dynamical Contact Problems with Friction: Models, Experiments and Applications 159 p 2002 [3-540-43023-7] Vol 2: Schanz, M Wave Propagation in Viscoelastic and Poroelastic Continua 170 p 2001 [3-540-41632-3] Vol 1: Glocker, C Set-Valued Force Laws: Dynamics of Non-Smooth Systems 222 p 2001 [3-540-41436-3] Mechanical Modelling and Computational Issues in Civil Engineering Michel Fr´emond Franco Maceri (Eds.) Professor Dr Michel FrÃemond Laboratoire Lagrange Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chauss´ees 75732 Paris cedex 15 France michel.fremond@lcpc.fr Professor Dr Franco Maceri Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile Universit`a di Roma “Tor Vergata” Via del Politecnico, 00133 Roma Italy Franco.Maceri@uniroma2.it With 236 Figures ISSN 1613-7736 ISBN- 3-540-25567-2 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York ISBN- 978-3-540-25567-3 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2005923656 This work is subject to copyright All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in other ways, and storage in data banks Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer Violations are liable to prosecution under German Copyright Law Springer is a part of Springer Science+Business Media springeronline.com c Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005 Printed in Germany The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use Typesetting: Data conversion by the editors Final processing by PTP-Berlin Protago-TEX-Production GmbH, Germany Cover-Design: design & production GmbH, Heidelberg Printed on acid-free paper 62/3020/Yu - Preface This book collects some papers of Italian and French engineers, mechanicians and mathematicians, all associated within a European research network, the Lagrange Laboratory Many topics are covered, such as monumental dams, soil mechanics and geotechnics, granular media, contact and friction problems, damage and fracture, new structural materials, vibration damping Modelling and computational aspects are both dealt with The Lagrange Laboratory met plenarily twice, at Le Mont-Saint-Michel in 2001 and at Ravello in 2002, and many individual exchanges took place meanwhile as a result of the activities of a true community, sharing scientific culture and a common understanding of modern civil engineering In our opinion, this book offers a good example of cooperation between Italian and French scientists, and we believe that it will be of great interest for the reader Rome, December 20, 2004 Michel Fr´emond Franco Maceri Contents Monumental Dams Ruggiero Jappelli Monuments Dams Archaeology History Architecture Landscape Performance Concerns Measures 10 Abandonment 11 Final remarks Approach of Mechanical Behaviour and Rupture of Cohesive Granular Media Validation on a Model Medium Jean-Yves Delenne, Moulay Saăd El Youssou, Jean-Claude B´enet Introduction Mechanical Modelling Experimental characterisation of cohesion Comparison between numerical and experimental behaviour of a cohesive granular medium Conclusion Phase Change of Volatile Organic Compounds in Soil Remediation Processes Ali Chammari, Bruno Cousin, Jean-Claude B´enet Introduction Phase Change of a Volatile Organic Compound in Soil Self-removal of a contaminant in a soil VOC Removal by venting Conclusion 1 11 20 27 44 52 67 75 89 94 103 103 104 107 109 111 113 113 114 116 120 122 Thermo-mechanical Behaviour of a Soil Yield Surface Evolution125 Moulay Saăd El Youssou, Christian Saix, Frederic Jamin Introduction 125 Yield surface model 126 Studied soil, experimental device and procedure 128 Results and discussions 130 Conclusion 133 VIII Contents Water Transport in Soil with Phase Change Ali Chammari, B´etaboal´e Naon, Fabien Cherblanc, Jean-Claude B´enet Introduction Water Transport Model in a Non Saturated Soil Experimental Study of the Phase Change Self Drying of a Soil at Low Water Content Conclusion 135 135 136 137 138 140 Tunnels in Saturated Elasto-plastic Soils: Three-dimensional Validation of a Plane Simulation Procedure 143 Carlo Callari, Stefano Casini Introduction 143 Procedure for plane simulation of tunneling in saturated ground 145 The poro-elastoplastic model 146 Finite element formulation 148 Numerical simulations of tunneling in a saturated ground 149 Concluding remarks 162 A Plasticity Model and Hysteresis Cycles Nelly Point, Denise Vial Introduction The plasticity model Uniaxial tensile test Cyclic loading and unloading Description of the hardening tensor Analysis of the plastic evolution Computation of hysteritic responses Identification through hysteresis cycles Conclusion 165 Computational Analysis of Isotropic Plasticity Models Nunziante Valoroso, Luciano Rosati Introduction Problem set up Continuum formulation Discrete formulation and return map 3D case The GH tensor and its inverse Consistent tangent 3D case The plane stress problem Formulation and return map solution Consistent tangent Plane stress case Numerical example Summary and conclusions A Some tensor algebra B Coefficients for the 3D consistent tangent C Coefficients for the 2D consistent tangent 173 165 166 166 168 169 169 170 171 172 173 174 177 179 181 184 188 189 195 197 198 200 Contents A Non-linear Hardening Model Based on Two Coupled Internal Hardening Variables: Formulation and Implementation Nelly Point, Silvano Erlicher Introduction Thermodynamic formulation of a plasticity model with linear kinematic/isotropic hardening A generalization of the four-parameter model Implementation and some numerical results Conclusions Comparison between Static and Dynamic Criteria of Material Stability Antonio Grimaldi, Raimondo Luciano Introduction A one-dimensional example Static criteria of material stability Dynamic criteria of material stability Some connections among material stability criteria Conclusions IX 201 201 202 204 205 207 211 211 213 217 223 225 232 Material Damage Description via Structured Deformations Marc Fran¸cois, Gianni Royer-Carfagni Introduction Micromechanically-motivated kinematical description via structured deformation theory Structured deformations in a thermodynamical framework Response of compressive/tensile panels under shear Proposal for an experimental calibration of the model 235 Singular equilibrated stress fields for no-tension panels Massimiliano Lucchesi, Miroslav Silhavy, Nicola Zani Introduction Preliminaries Rectangular panels 255 Damage of Materials: Damaging Effects of Macroscopic Vanishing Motions Elena Bonetti, Michel Fr´emond Introduction The model The variational problem and the weak existence result Passage to the limit for vanishing external forces Balance of the energy 235 238 241 244 249 255 256 259 267 267 269 271 272 273 X Contents A Numerical Method for Fracture of Rods Maurizio Angelillo, Enrico Babilio, Antonio Fortunato Introduction Preliminaries on known mathematical results on free discontinuity problems The one-dimensional problem A Appendix 277 Softening Behavior of Reinforced Cementitious Beams Sonia Marfia, Elio Sacco Introduction Constitutive model Cross-section beam equations Numerical applications 293 An Experimental and Numerical Investigation on the Plating of Reinforced Concrete Beams with FRP Laminates L Ascione, V P Berardi, E Di Nardo, L Feo, G Mancusi Introduction Mechanical Model Experimental tests Results and conclusions Reliability of CFRP Structural Repair for Reinforced Concrete Elements Antonio Bonati, Giovanni Cavanna Introduction Experimental survey Analysis of results Some remarks Adhesion between composite and cementitious materials Elastic Plates with Weakly Incoherent Response G Lancioni Introduction Weakly Incoherent Transversally Isotropic Plates Motion Plate Equations Free-wave Propagation A Finite Element for the Analysis of Monoclinic Laminated Plates Ferdinando Auricchio, Elio Sacco, Giuseppe Vairo Introduction First-Order Laminate Theory (FSDT) Mixed-Enhanced Finite-Element Formulation Numerical Applications Concluding Remarks 277 278 281 288 293 294 296 297 303 303 304 308 310 315 315 316 317 319 320 323 323 324 325 326 328 333 333 334 336 337 342 Contents A Mixed FSDT Finite-Element Formulation for the Analysis of Composite Laminates Without Shear Correction Factors Ferdinando Auricchio, Elio Sacco, Giuseppe Vairo Introduction FSDT Laminate Model Evaluation of the Shear Stress Profile Variational Formulation The Finite Element Numerical Examples Concluding Remarks On the use of Continuous Wavelet Analysis for Modal Identification Pierre Argoul, Silvano Erlicher Introduction Theoretical background for the continuous wavelet analysis Modal analysis and modal identification with CWT XI 345 345 346 348 349 351 353 356 359 359 360 363 Propagation of Phase Change Front in Monocrystalline SMA Andr´e Chrysochoos, Christian Licht, Robert Peyroux Introduction A convenient thermomechanical framework Experimental analysis Modelling and numerical simulations Discussion 369 Entropy balance versus energy balance Pierluigi Colli, Elena Bonetti, Michel Fr´emond Introduction The two laws of thermodynamics An equivalent formulation The entropy balance An example Heat conduction with the entropy balance The Stefan problem with the entropy balance A sophisticated phase change with thermal memory Conclusion 379 On the Choice of the Shunt Circuit for Single-mode Vibration Damping of Piezoactuated Structures Paolo Bisegna, Giovanni Caruso, Franco Maceri Introduction The electromechanical model Optimization of the shunt circuit Conclusions 369 370 371 373 377 379 380 382 383 384 387 387 389 389 390 392 397 Authors Index 401 * D-?( J( ECCUS  W:-Q@D@-#:B

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