... and Irish English 5.1 Scottish English 5.2 English in Ireland 55 56 58 59 59 83 87 95 95 103 Contents viii West Indian English and English- based creoles 6.1 English- based pidgins 6.2 English- based... Standard English 6.6 English- based creoloids 111 112 114 116 118 Lesser-known Englishes 119 Second language varieties of English 8.1 West African English 8.2 East African English 8.3 Indian English. .. xiii Standard English in the world 1.1 Models of English 1.2 The spread of English 1.3 The nature of native overseas Englishes 11 English, Australasian, South African and Welsh English 2.1 The