7 Student: _ Most blood cells are produced in the red marrow of bones True A vertebra is considered to be an irregular bone True False Intramembranous ossification is common in children, whereas endochondral ossification is typical in young adults True False Osteoid tissue is similar to bone except for a lack of minerals True False Osteogenic cells are bone stem cells that differentiate into osteoblasts and osteoclasts True False Concentric lamellae within an osteon are connected with each other by lacunae True False The hemopoietic tissue in a bone is otherwise known as myeloid tissue True False A radiograph (X-ray) of a child's hand will show epiphyseal lines True False False Bones grow in diameter by interstitial growth True False 10 Hypercalcemia causes depression of the nervous system True False 11 Parathyroid hormone (PTH) binds to receptors on osteoblasts True False 12 Hypercalcemia is rare but hypocalcemia can result from a wide variety of causes True False 13 Closed reduction is the realignment of the parts of a broken bone involving surgery True False 14 Osteomalacia results in bone brittleness True False 15 True False Osteoporosis often leads to an exaggerated thoracic spinal curvature called kyphosis 16 The skeleton does not A store calcium and phosphate ions B store red blood cells C provide support for most muscles D protect the brain E protect the spinal cord 17 Osseous tissue is a(an) tissue A connective B epithelial C dense regular D dense irregular E reticular 18 These are all tissues that are a part of a long bone except A osseous tissue B nervous tissue C adipose tissue D cartilage E transitional epithelium 19 This image shows the anatomy of a long bone What does "1" represent? A marrow cavity B compact bone C spongy bone D epiphyseal line E articular cartilage 20 This image shows the anatomy of a long bone What does "4" represent? A marrow cavity B compact bone C spongy bone D epiphyseal line E articular cartilage 21 This image shows the anatomy of a long bone What does "5" represent? A marrow cavity B compact bone C spongy bone D epiphyseal line E articular cartilage 22 The expanded head at each end of a long bone is called A an epiphysis B a diaphysis C an articular cartilages D a periosteum E an endosteum 23 A bone is covered externally with a sheath called , whereas the internal surface is lined with _ A epiphysis; diaphysis B diaphysis; epiphysis C compact bone; spongy bone D periosteum; endosteum E endosteum; periosteum 24 _ are bone-forming cells A Osteogenic (osteoprogenitor) cells B Osteoblasts C Osteoclasts D Osteocytes E Osteons 25 When become enclosed in lacunae, they become cells called _ A osteogenic cells; osteoblasts B osteoblasts; osteoclasts C osteoblasts; osteocytes D osteocytes; osteoclasts E osteocytes; osteoblasts 26 This image shows the histology of osseous tissue Label "2" represents , which is(are) A canaliculi; interconnections among osteoblasts B an osteon; a stem cell C lacunae; sites of residence of osteocytes D lamella; interconnections among osteocytes E a central (haversian) canal; site of residence of osteoclasts 27 Which of these is an inorganic component of the bone matrix? A proteoglycans B glycoproteins C collagen D hydroxyapatite E glycosaminoglycans 28 Spicules and trabeculae are found in A compact bone B bone matrix C yellow bone marrow D red bone marrow E spongy bone 29 Red bone marrow does not contain A myeloid tissue B yellow bone marrow C hemopoietic tissue D white blood cells E red blood cells 30 provide(s) hardness to bones, whereas provide(s) some degree of flexibility A Hydroxyapatite and other minerals; proteins B Collagen and elastic fibers; minerals C Glycoproteins; proteoglycans D Calcium carbonate; calcium phosphate E Proteins; collagen 31 _ have a ruffled border with many deep infoldings of the plasma membrane, whereas have long, thin, fingerlike cytoplasmic processes A Osteoclasts; osteocytes B Osteocytes; osteoclasts C Osteoblasts; osteoclasts D Osteoblasts; osteocytes E Osteocytes; osteogenic cells 32 What would you find in the marrow cavity of the diaphysis of an adult humerus (arm bone)? A spongy bone B hemopoietic tissue C red bone marrow D yellow bone marrow E compact bone 33 Which one of the following bone cells would have the greatest number of lysosomes? A osteoblasts B osteoclasts C osteocytes D osteogenic cells E stem cells 34 _ are common in compact bone but rarely seen in spongy bone A Lamellae B Osteoclasts C Lacunae D Central canals E Osteocytes 35 Intramembranous ossification produces the A irregular bones of the vertebrae B flat bones of the skull C long bones of the limbs D short bones of the wrist E short bones of the ankle 36 In endochondral ossification, the precursor connective tissue is _, which is replaced by bone A embryonic mesenchyme B fibrous membranes C hyaline cartilage D transitional epithelium E fibrocartilage 37 The _ is a marginal zone of the epiphyseal plate where, in children and adolescents, bone can be seen replacing the hyaline cartilage A metaphysis B primary ossification center C secondary ossification center D osteoid tissue E epiphyseal line 38 Achondroplastic dwarfism is a hereditary condition in which the long bones of the limbs fail to elongate normally because of reduced hyperplasia and hypertrophy of cartilage in the A primary ossification center B secondary ossification center C primary bone marrow D secondary bone marrow E epiphyseal plate 39 Chondrocytes multiply in this zone of the metaphysis A zone of reserve cartilage B zone of cell proliferation C zone of cell hypertrophy D zone of calcification E zone of bone deposition 40 Mature bones are remodeled throughout life by employing A intramembranous ossification B endochondral ossification C interstitial growth D appositional growth E metaphysical growth 41 Bone elongation is a result of A cartilage growth B muscle growth C osseous tissue growth D fibrous membrane addition E dense irregular connective tissue addition 42 Wolff's law of bone explains the effect of A different diets on bone elongation B mechanical stress on bone remodeling C temperature on bone growth D age on bone thickening E sex on bone widening 43 A growing long bone in a child has only two areas of cartilage at the epiphysis These two areas are A elastic cartilage and epiphyseal plate B epiphyseal plate and epiphyseal line C primary and secondary ossification centers D fibrocartilage and articular cartilage E articular cartilage and epiphyseal plate 44 _ is the process of dissolving bone and returning its minerals to the bloodstream A Mineralization B Mineral deposition C Crystallization D Resorption E Ossification 45 Which of the following exemplifies a positive feedback process happening in bone mineral deposition? A The first few crystals to form attract more calcium and phosphate B Osteoblasts neutralize inhibitors that prevent bone resorption C Osteoclasts secrete acid phosphatase that digests collagen D Collagen is digested by enzymes and hydroxyapatite by hydrochloric acid E Solubility product is reached in the tissue fluids 46 Phosphate is necessary for all of the following except A ATP B DNA C phospholipids D RNA E amino acids 47 Calcium plays an essential role in all of the following except A muscle contraction B exocytosis C blood clotting D DNA synthesis E communication among neurons 48 Parathyroid hormone (PTH) does not A promote calcium reabsorption by the kidneys B stimulate osteoclast activity C lower blood calcium D promote calcitriol synthesis E inhibit osteoblast activity 49 is synthesized by the combined action of the skin, kidneys, and liver, and is important to the deposition of bone A Growth hormone B Testosterone C Estrogen D Calcitonin E Calcitriol 50 Which of these is not an effect of calcitriol? A cartilage growth in the epiphyseal plate B increased osteoclast activity C more intestinal absorption of Ca2+ D less calcium in the urine E more phosphate in the urine 51 does not put women at risk of hypocalcemia A Lactation B Pregnancy C Removal of the parathyroid glands D Removal of the thyroid gland E Lack of exposure to UV radiation 52 Blood Ca2+ deficiency stimulates secretion, which leads to _ A calcitonin; more urinary phosphate reabsorption B calcitriol; more urinary phosphate excretion C parathyroid hormone; increased osteoclast activity D growth hormone; increased osteoblast activity E thyroid hormone; less urinary calcium excretion 53 Hypocalcemia can cause A emotional disturbances B depression of the nervous system C muscle weakness D sluggish reflexes E spasms 54 Arteriosclerosis is one example of ectopic ossification, which means A the solubility product has been reached B artery mineralization by osteoblasts C abnormal calcification of a tissue D accumulation of collagenous fibers in blood vessels E ossification of an entire blood vessel 55 If a thyroid tumor secreted an excessive amount of calcitonin, we would expect A an elevated level of osteoclast activity B an elevated level of osteoblast activity C a reduced rate of endochondral ossification D a rise in blood calcium concentration E increasingly brittle bones 56 A soft callus forms during A endochondral ossification B intramembranous ossification C bone growth at the metaphysis D the remodeling of bone E the healing of a fracture 57 Osteoporosis is most common in elderly women because of the lack of _, which would otherwise inhibit A dietary calcium; estrogen production B osteoblasts; osteoclast activity C estrogen; osteoclast activity D parathyroid hormone; osteocyte activity E exercise; osteoblast activity 58 A fracture in which the bone is broken into three or more pieces is called a fracture A linear B pott C comminuted D greenstick E compound 59 The result of calcium and phosphate levels in blood too low for normal deposition is a softness of the bones called _ in children and _ in adults A osteomalacia; rickets B rickets; osteomalacia C osteoporosis; osteomalacia D osteomyelitis; osteosarcoma E osteomyelitis; osteomalacia 60 Bone protrudes through skin in a fracture called A complete B incomplete C closed D open E displaced 61 A pathologic fracture A is a bone fracture that heals in no more than to 12 weeks B is a bone fracture that causes bleeding C is a break in a bone that happens repeatedly D is a break in a bone weakened by some other disease E is a break caused by abnormal trauma to a bone 62 Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the healing of a bone fracture? A bone remodeling → soft callus formation → hard callus formation → hematoma formation B bone remodeling → hard callus formation → soft callus formation → hematoma formation C hematoma formation → soft callus formation → hard callus formation → bone remodeling D hematoma formation → hard callus formation → soft callus formation → bone remodeling E soft callus formation → hard callus formation → hematoma formation → bone remodeling 63 Patches of fibrocartilage formed in the healing of a fracture are called , whereas the bony collar formed around the fracture is called _ A fracture hematoma; granulation tissue B granulation tissue; soft callus C fracture hematoma; hard callus D granulation tissue; hard callus E soft callus; hard callus 64 affects more people than any other bone disease A Osteomyelitis B Osteoporosis C Osteosarcoma D Osteomalacia E Rickets Key Most blood cells are produced in the red marrow of bones TRUE Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 07.01.b State several functions of the skeletal system Saladin - Chapter 07 #1 Section: 07.01 Topic: Skeletal System A vertebra is considered to be an irregular bone TRUE Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 07.01.d Describe four types of bones classified by shape Saladin - Chapter 07 #2 Section: 07.01 Topic: Skeletal System A radiograph (X-ray) of a child's hand will show epiphyseal lines FALSE Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 07.01.e Describe the general features of a long bone and a flat bone Saladin - Chapter 07 #3 Section: 07.01 Topic: Skeletal System The hemopoietic tissue in a bone is otherwise known as myeloid tissue TRUE Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 07.02.d Distinguish between the two types of bone marrow Saladin - Chapter 07 #4 Section: 07.02 Topic: Skeletal System Concentric lamellae within an osteon are connected with each other by lacunae FALSE Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 07.02.c Compare the histology of the two types of bone tissue Saladin - Chapter 07 #5 Section: 07.02 Topic: Skeletal System Osteogenic cells are bone stem cells that differentiate into osteoblasts and osteoclasts FALSE Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 07.02.a List and describe the cells, fibers, and ground substance of bone tissue Saladin - Chapter 07 #6 Section: 07.02 Topic: Skeletal System Osteoid tissue is similar to bone except for a lack of minerals TRUE Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 07.02.b State the importance of each constituent of bone tissue Saladin - Chapter 07 #7 Section: 07.02 Topic: Skeletal System Intramembranous ossification is common in children, whereas endochondral ossification is typical in young adults FALSE Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 07.03.a Describe two mechanisms of bone formation Saladin - Chapter 07 #8 Section: 07.03 Topic: Skeletal System Bones grow in diameter by interstitial growth FALSE Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 07.03.b Explain how mature bone continues to grow and remodel itself Saladin - Chapter 07 #9 Section: 07.03 Topic: Skeletal System 10 Hypercalcemia causes depression of the nervous system TRUE Blooms Level: Apply Learning Outcome: 07.04.b Discuss the role of the bones in regulating blood calcium and phosphate levels Saladin - Chapter 07 #10 Section: 07.04 Topic: Skeletal System 11 Parathyroid hormone (PTH) binds to receptors on osteoblasts TRUE Blooms Level: Apply Learning Outcome: 07.04.c Name several hormones that regulate bone physiology and describe their effects Saladin - Chapter 07 #11 Section: 07.04 Topic: Skeletal System 12 Hypercalcemia is rare but hypocalcemia can result from a wide variety of causes TRUE Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 07.04.b Discuss the role of the bones in regulating blood calcium and phosphate levels Saladin - Chapter 07 #12 Section: 07.04 Topic: Skeletal System 13 Closed reduction is the realignment of the parts of a broken bone involving surgery FALSE Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 07.05.c Explain how a fracture is repaired Saladin - Chapter 07 #13 Section: 07.05 Topic: Skeletal System 14 Osteomalacia results in bone brittleness FALSE Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 07.05.a Name and describe several bone diseases Saladin - Chapter 07 #14 Section: 07.05 Topic: Skeletal System 15 TRUE Osteoporosis often leads to an exaggerated thoracic spinal curvature called kyphosis Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 07.05.a Name and describe several bone diseases Saladin - Chapter 07 #15 Section: 07.05 Topic: Skeletal System 16 The skeleton does not A store calcium and phosphate ions B store red blood cells C provide support for most muscles D protect the brain E protect the spinal cord Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 07.01.b State several functions of the skeletal system Saladin - Chapter 07 #16 Section: 07.01 Topic: Skeletal System 17 Osseous tissue is a(an) tissue A connective B epithelial C dense regular D dense irregular E reticular Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 07.01.c Distinguish between bone as a tissue and bone as an organ Saladin - Chapter 07 #17 Section: 07.01 Topic: Skeletal System 18 These are all tissues that are a part of a long bone except A osseous tissue B nervous tissue C adipose tissue D cartilage E transitional epithelium Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 07.01.a Name the tissues and organs that compose the skeletal system Saladin - Chapter 07 #18 Section: 07.01 Topic: Skeletal System Blooms Level: Remember Figure: 07.01 Learning Outcome: 07.01.e Describe the general features of a long bone and a flat bone Saladin - Chapter 07 Section: 07.01 19 This image shows the anatomy of a long bone What does "1" represent? A marrow cavity B compact bone C spongy bone D epiphyseal line E articular cartilage Blooms Level: Remember Figure: 07.01 Learning Outcome: 07.01.e Describe the general features of a long bone and a flat bone Saladin - Chapter 07 #19 Section: 07.01 Topic: Skeletal System 20 This image shows the anatomy of a long bone What does "4" represent? A marrow cavity B compact bone C spongy bone D epiphyseal line E articular cartilage Blooms Level: Apply Figure: 07.01 Learning Outcome: 07.01.e Describe the general features of a long bone and a flat bone Saladin - Chapter 07 #20 Section: 07.01 Topic: Skeletal System 21 This image shows the anatomy of a long bone What does "5" represent? A marrow cavity B compact bone C spongy bone D epiphyseal line E articular cartilage Blooms Level: Remember Figure: 07.01 Learning Outcome: 07.01.e Describe the general features of a long bone and a flat bone Saladin - Chapter 07 #21 Section: 07.01 Topic: Skeletal System 22 The expanded head at each end of a long bone is called A an epiphysis B a diaphysis C an articular cartilages D a periosteum E an endosteum Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 07.01.c Distinguish between bone as a tissue and bone as an organ Saladin - Chapter 07 #22 Section: 07.01 Topic: Skeletal System 23 A bone is covered externally with a sheath called , whereas the internal surface is lined with _ A epiphysis; diaphysis B diaphysis; epiphysis C compact bone; spongy bone D periosteum; endosteum E endosteum; periosteum Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 07.01.e Describe the general features of a long bone and a flat bone Saladin - Chapter 07 #23 Section: 07.01 Topic: Skeletal System 24 _ are bone-forming cells A Osteogenic (osteoprogenitor) cells B Osteoblasts C Osteoclasts D Osteocytes E Osteons Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 07.02.a List and describe the cells, fibers, and ground substance of bone tissue Saladin - Chapter 07 #24 Section: 07.02 Topic: Skeletal System 25 When become enclosed in lacunae, they become cells called _ A osteogenic cells; osteoblasts B osteoblasts; osteoclasts C osteoblasts; osteocytes D osteocytes; osteoclasts E osteocytes; osteoblasts Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 07.02.a List and describe the cells, fibers, and ground substance of bone tissue Saladin - Chapter 07 #25 Section: 07.02 Topic: Skeletal System Saladin - Chapter 07 26 This image shows the histology of osseous tissue Label "2" represents , which is(are) A canaliculi; interconnections among osteoblasts B an osteon; a stem cell C lacunae; sites of residence of osteocytes D lamella; interconnections among osteocytes E a central (haversian) canal; site of residence of osteoclasts Blooms Level: Remember Figure: 07.04d Learning Outcome: 07.02.c Compare the histology of the two types of bone tissue Saladin - Chapter 07 #26 Section: 07.02 Topic: Skeletal System 27 Which of these is an inorganic component of the bone matrix? A proteoglycans B glycoproteins C collagen D hydroxyapatite E glycosaminoglycans Blooms Level: Apply Learning Outcome: 07.02.b State the importance of each constituent of bone tissue Saladin - Chapter 07 #27 Section: 07.02 Topic: Skeletal System 28 Spicules and trabeculae are found in A compact bone B bone matrix C yellow bone marrow D red bone marrow E spongy bone Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 07.02.c Compare the histology of the two types of bone tissue Saladin - Chapter 07 #28 Section: 07.02 Topic: Skeletal System 29 Red bone marrow does not contain A myeloid tissue B yellow bone marrow C hemopoietic tissue D white blood cells E red blood cells Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 07.02.d Distinguish between the two types of bone marrow Saladin - Chapter 07 #29 Section: 07.02 Topic: Skeletal System 30 provide(s) hardness to bones, whereas provide(s) some degree of flexibility A Hydroxyapatite and other minerals; proteins B Collagen and elastic fibers; minerals C Glycoproteins; proteoglycans D Calcium carbonate; calcium phosphate E Proteins; collagen Blooms Level: Apply Learning Outcome: 07.02.b State the importance of each constituent of bone tissue Saladin - Chapter 07 #30 Section: 07.02 Topic: Skeletal System 31 _ have a ruffled border with many deep infoldings of the plasma membrane, whereas have long, thin, fingerlike cytoplasmic processes A Osteoclasts; osteocytes B Osteocytes; osteoclasts C Osteoblasts; osteoclasts D Osteoblasts; osteocytes E Osteocytes; osteogenic cells Blooms Level: Apply Learning Outcome: 07.02.c Compare the histology of the two types of bone tissue Saladin - Chapter 07 #31 Section: 07.02 Topic: Skeletal System 32 What would you find in the marrow cavity of the diaphysis of an adult humerus (arm bone)? A spongy bone B hemopoietic tissue C red bone marrow D yellow bone marrow E compact bone Blooms Level: Apply Learning Outcome: 07.02.d Distinguish between the two types of bone marrow Saladin - Chapter 07 #32 Section: 07.02 Topic: Skeletal System 33 Which one of the following bone cells would have the greatest number of lysosomes? A osteoblasts B osteoclasts C osteocytes D osteogenic cells E stem cells Blooms Level: Apply Learning Outcome: 07.02.a List and describe the cells, fibers, and ground substance of bone tissue Saladin - Chapter 07 #33 Section: 07.02 Topic: Skeletal System 34 _ are common in compact bone but rarely seen in spongy bone A Lamellae B Osteoclasts C Lacunae D Central canals E Osteocytes Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 07.02.c Compare the histology of the two types of bone tissue Saladin - Chapter 07 #34 Section: 07.02 Topic: Skeletal System 35 Intramembranous ossification produces the A irregular bones of the vertebrae B flat bones of the skull C long bones of the limbs D short bones of the wrist E short bones of the ankle Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 07.03.a Describe two mechanisms of bone formation Saladin - Chapter 07 #35 Section: 07.03 Topic: Skeletal System 36 In endochondral ossification, the precursor connective tissue is _, which is replaced by bone A embryonic mesenchyme B fibrous membranes C hyaline cartilage D transitional epithelium E fibrocartilage Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 07.03.a Describe two mechanisms of bone formation Saladin - Chapter 07 #36 Section: 07.03 Topic: Skeletal System 37 The _ is a marginal zone of the epiphyseal plate where, in children and adolescents, bone can be seen replacing the hyaline cartilage A metaphysis B primary ossification center C secondary ossification center D osteoid tissue E epiphyseal line Blooms Level: Apply Learning Outcome: 07.03.a Describe two mechanisms of bone formation Saladin - Chapter 07 #37 Section: 07.03 Topic: Skeletal System 38 Achondroplastic dwarfism is a hereditary condition in which the long bones of the limbs fail to elongate normally because of reduced hyperplasia and hypertrophy of cartilage in the A primary ossification center B secondary ossification center C primary bone marrow D secondary bone marrow E epiphyseal plate Blooms Level: Apply Learning Outcome: 07.03.a Describe two mechanisms of bone formation Saladin - Chapter 07 #38 Section: 07.03 Topic: Skeletal System 39 Chondrocytes multiply in this zone of the metaphysis A zone of reserve cartilage B zone of cell proliferation C zone of cell hypertrophy D zone of calcification E zone of bone deposition Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 07.03.a Describe two mechanisms of bone formation Saladin - Chapter 07 #39 Section: 07.03 Topic: Skeletal System 40 Mature bones are remodeled throughout life by employing A intramembranous ossification B endochondral ossification C interstitial growth D appositional growth E metaphysical growth Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 07.03.b Explain how mature bone continues to grow and remodel itself Saladin - Chapter 07 #40 Section: 07.03 Topic: Skeletal System 41 Bone elongation is a result of A cartilage growth B muscle growth C osseous tissue growth D fibrous membrane addition E dense irregular connective tissue addition Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 07.03.a Describe two mechanisms of bone formation Saladin - Chapter 07 #41 Section: 07.03 Topic: Skeletal System 42 Wolff's law of bone explains the effect of A different diets on bone elongation B mechanical stress on bone remodeling C temperature on bone growth D age on bone thickening E sex on bone widening Blooms Level: Apply Learning Outcome: 07.03.b Explain how mature bone continues to grow and remodel itself Saladin - Chapter 07 #42 Section: 07.03 Topic: Skeletal System 43 A growing long bone in a child has only two areas of cartilage at the epiphysis These two areas are A elastic cartilage and epiphyseal plate B epiphyseal plate and epiphyseal line C primary and secondary ossification centers D fibrocartilage and articular cartilage E articular cartilage and epiphyseal plate Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 07.03.a Describe two mechanisms of bone formation Saladin - Chapter 07 #43 Section: 07.03 Topic: Skeletal System 44 _ is the process of dissolving bone and returning its minerals to the bloodstream A Mineralization B Mineral deposition C Crystallization D Resorption E Ossification Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 07.04.a Describe the processes by which minerals are added to and removed from bone tissue Saladin - Chapter 07 #44 Section: 07.04 Topic: Skeletal System 45 Which of the following exemplifies a positive feedback process happening in bone mineral deposition? A The first few crystals to form attract more calcium and phosphate B Osteoblasts neutralize inhibitors that prevent bone resorption C Osteoclasts secrete acid phosphatase that digests collagen D Collagen is digested by enzymes and hydroxyapatite by hydrochloric acid E Solubility product is reached in the tissue fluids Blooms Level: Evaluate Learning Outcome: 07.04.a Describe the processes by which minerals are added to and removed from bone tissue Saladin - Chapter 07 #45 Section: 07.04 Topic: Skeletal System 46 Phosphate is necessary for all of the following except A ATP B DNA C phospholipids D RNA E amino acids Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 07.04.b Discuss the role of the bones in regulating blood calcium and phosphate levels Saladin - Chapter 07 #46 Section: 07.04 Topic: Skeletal System 47 Calcium plays an essential role in all of the following except A muscle contraction B exocytosis C blood clotting D DNA synthesis E communication among neurons Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 07.04.b Discuss the role of the bones in regulating blood calcium and phosphate levels Saladin - Chapter 07 #47 Section: 07.04 Topic: Skeletal System 48 Parathyroid hormone (PTH) does not A promote calcium reabsorption by the kidneys B stimulate osteoclast activity C lower blood calcium D promote calcitriol synthesis E inhibit osteoblast activity Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 07.04.c Name several hormones that regulate bone physiology and describe their effects Saladin - Chapter 07 #48 Section: 07.04 Topic: Skeletal System 49 is synthesized by the combined action of the skin, kidneys, and liver, and is important to the deposition of bone A Growth hormone B Testosterone C Estrogen D Calcitonin E Calcitriol Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 07.04.c Name several hormones that regulate bone physiology and describe their effects Saladin - Chapter 07 #49 Section: 07.04 Topic: Skeletal System 50 Which of these is not an effect of calcitriol? A cartilage growth in the epiphyseal plate B increased osteoclast activity C more intestinal absorption of Ca2+ D less calcium in the urine E more phosphate in the urine Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 07.04.c Name several hormones that regulate bone physiology and describe their effects Saladin - Chapter 07 #50 Section: 07.04 Topic: Skeletal System 51 does not put women at risk of hypocalcemia A Lactation B Pregnancy C Removal of the parathyroid glands D Removal of the thyroid gland E Lack of exposure to UV radiation Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 07.04.c Name several hormones that regulate bone physiology and describe their effects Saladin - Chapter 07 #51 Section: 07.04 Topic: Skeletal System 52 Blood Ca2+ deficiency stimulates secretion, which leads to _ A calcitonin; more urinary phosphate reabsorption B calcitriol; more urinary phosphate excretion C parathyroid hormone; increased osteoclast activity D growth hormone; increased osteoblast activity E thyroid hormone; less urinary calcium excretion Blooms Level: Apply Learning Outcome: 07.04.c Name several hormones that regulate bone physiology and describe their effects Saladin - Chapter 07 #52 Section: 07.04 Topic: Skeletal System 53 Hypocalcemia can cause A emotional disturbances B depression of the nervous system C muscle weakness D sluggish reflexes E spasms Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 07.04.c Name several hormones that regulate bone physiology and describe their effects Saladin - Chapter 07 #53 Section: 07.04 Topic: Skeletal System 54 Arteriosclerosis is one example of ectopic ossification, which means A the solubility product has been reached B artery mineralization by osteoblasts C abnormal calcification of a tissue D accumulation of collagenous fibers in blood vessels E ossification of an entire blood vessel Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 07.04.a Describe the processes by which minerals are added to and removed from bone tissue Saladin - Chapter 07 #54 Section: 07.04 Topic: Skeletal System 55 If a thyroid tumor secreted an excessive amount of calcitonin, we would expect A an elevated level of osteoclast activity B an elevated level of osteoblast activity C a reduced rate of endochondral ossification D a rise in blood calcium concentration E increasingly brittle bones Blooms Level: Apply Learning Outcome: 07.04.c Name several hormones that regulate bone physiology and describe their effects Saladin - Chapter 07 #55 Section: 07.04 Topic: Skeletal System 56 A soft callus forms during A endochondral ossification B intramembranous ossification C bone growth at the metaphysis D the remodeling of bone E the healing of a fracture Blooms Level: Apply Learning Outcome: 07.05.c Explain how a fracture is repaired Saladin - Chapter 07 #56 Section: 07.05 Topic: Skeletal System 57 Osteoporosis is most common in elderly women because of the lack of _, which would otherwise inhibit A dietary calcium; estrogen production B osteoblasts; osteoclast activity C estrogen; osteoclast activity D parathyroid hormone; osteocyte activity E exercise; osteoblast activity Blooms Level: Apply Learning Outcome: 07.05.a Name and describe several bone diseases Saladin - Chapter 07 #57 Section: 07.05 Topic: Skeletal System 58 A fracture in which the bone is broken into three or more pieces is called a fracture A linear B pott C comminuted D greenstick E compound Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 07.05.b Name and describe the types of fractures Saladin - Chapter 07 #58 Section: 07.05 Topic: Skeletal System 59 The result of calcium and phosphate levels in blood too low for normal deposition is a softness of the bones called _ in children and _ in adults A osteomalacia; rickets B rickets; osteomalacia C osteoporosis; osteomalacia D osteomyelitis; osteosarcoma E osteomyelitis; osteomalacia Blooms Level: Apply Learning Outcome: 07.05.a Name and describe several bone diseases Saladin - Chapter 07 #59 Section: 07.05 Topic: Skeletal System 60 Bone protrudes through skin in a fracture called A complete B incomplete C closed D open E displaced Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 07.05.b Name and describe the types of fractures Saladin - Chapter 07 #60 Section: 07.05 Topic: Skeletal System 61 A pathologic fracture A is a bone fracture that heals in no more than to 12 weeks B is a bone fracture that causes bleeding C is a break in a bone that happens repeatedly D is a break in a bone weakened by some other disease E is a break caused by abnormal trauma to a bone Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 07.05.b Name and describe the types of fractures Saladin - Chapter 07 #61 Section: 07.05 Topic: Skeletal System 62 Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the healing of a bone fracture? A bone remodeling → soft callus formation → hard callus formation → hematoma formation B bone remodeling → hard callus formation → soft callus formation → hematoma formation C hematoma formation → soft callus formation → hard callus formation → bone remodeling D hematoma formation → hard callus formation → soft callus formation → bone remodeling E soft callus formation → hard callus formation → hematoma formation → bone remodeling Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 07.05.c Explain how a fracture is repaired Saladin - Chapter 07 #62 Section: 07.05 Topic: Skeletal System 63 Patches of fibrocartilage formed in the healing of a fracture are called , whereas the bony collar formed around the fracture is called _ A fracture hematoma; granulation tissue B granulation tissue; soft callus C fracture hematoma; hard callus D granulation tissue; hard callus E soft callus; hard callus Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 07.05.c Explain how a fracture is repaired Saladin - Chapter 07 #63 Section: 07.05 Topic: Skeletal System 64 affects more people than any other bone disease A Osteomyelitis B Osteoporosis C Osteosarcoma D Osteomalacia E Rickets Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 07.05.a Name and describe several bone diseases Saladin - Chapter 07 #64 Section: 07.05 Topic: Skeletal System Summary Category Blooms Level: Remember Blooms Level: Understand Blooms Level: Apply Blooms Level: Evaluate Figure: 07.01 Figure: 07.04d Learning Outcome: 07.01.a Name the tissues and organs that compose the skeletal system Learning Outcome: 07.01.b State several functions of the skeletal system Learning Outcome: 07.01.c Distinguish between bone as a tissue and bone as an organ Learning Outcome: 07.01.d Describe four types of bones classified by shape Learning Outcome: 07.01.e Describe the general features of a long bone and a flat bone Learning Outcome: 07.02.a List and describe the cells, fibers, and ground substance of bone tissue Learning Outcome: 07.02.b State the importance of each constituent of bone tissue Learning Outcome: 07.02.c Compare the histology of the two types of bone tissue Learning Outcome: 07.02.d Distinguish between the two types of bone marrow Learning Outcome: 07.03.a Describe two mechanisms of bone formation Learning Outcome: 07.03.b Explain how mature bone continues to grow and remodel itself Learning Outcome: 07.04.a Describe the processes by which minerals are added to and removed from bone tissue Learning Outcome: 07.04.b Discuss the role of the bones in regulating blood calcium and phosphate levels Learning Outcome: 07.04.c Name several hormones that regulate bone physiology and describe their effects Learning Outcome: 07.05.a Name and describe several bone diseases Learning Outcome: 07.05.b Name and describe the types of fractures Learning Outcome: 07.05.c Explain how a fracture is repaired Saladin - Chapter 07 Section: 07.01 Section: 07.02 Section: 07.03 Section: 07.04 Section: 07.05 Topic: Skeletal System # of Questions 32 16 16 1 2 3 66 12 15 11 15 12 64 ... formation → soft callus formation → hematoma formation C hematoma formation → soft callus formation → hard callus formation → bone remodeling D hematoma formation → hard callus formation → soft... soft callus formation → hard callus formation → hematoma formation B bone remodeling → hard callus formation → soft callus formation → hematoma formation C hematoma formation → soft callus formation... hard callus formation → bone remodeling D hematoma formation → hard callus formation → soft callus formation → bone remodeling E soft callus formation → hard callus formation → hematoma formation