Management by chuch williams chapter 02

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Management by chuch williams chapter 02

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Chapter The History of Management MGMT Chuck Williams Designed & Prepared by B-books, Ltd In the Beginning After reading the next section, you should be able to: explain the origins of management Management Ideas and Practice Throughout History 5000 5000BC BC Egyptians 4000-2000 Egyptians 4000-2000BC BC 1.1 Sumerians Sumerians Record Recordkeeping keeping Planning, Plan, controlling organize, Planning,organizing, organizing, Plan, controlling organize,control control.Written Writtenrequests requests 1800 1800BC BC Hammurabi Hammurabi Controls Controlsand andwritten writtendocumentation documentation 600 600BC BC Nebuchadnezzar Nebuchadnezzar Wage Wageincentives, incentives,production productioncontrol control 500 500BC BC Sun SunTzu Tzu Strategy Strategy 400 400BC BC Xenophon Xenophon Management Managementas asaaseparate separateart art 400 400BC BC Cyrus Cyrus Human Humanrelations relationsand andmotion motionstudy study 175 175 Cato Cato Job Jobdescriptions descriptions 284 284 Diocletian Diocletian Delegation Delegationof ofauthority authority 900 900 Alfarabi Alfarabi Listed Listedleadership leadershiptraits traits 1100 1100 Ghazali Ghazali Listed Listedmanagerial managerialtraits traits 1418 1418 Barbarigo Barbarigo Different Differentorganizational organizationalforms/structures forms/structures 1436 1436 Venetians Venetians Numbering, Numbering,standardization, standardization,interchangeability interchangeability 1500 1500 Sir SirThomas ThomasMore More Critical Criticalof ofpoor poormanagement managementand andleadership leadership 1525 1525 Machiavelli Machiavelli Cohesiveness, Cohesiveness,power, power,and andleadership leadership Why We Need Managers Today Then Then 1.2 Now Now Work Workin infamilies families Work Workin infactories factories Skilled Skilledlaborers laborers Specialized, Specialized, unskilled unskilledlaborers laborers Small, Small,self-organized self-organized groups groups Large Large factories factories Unique, Unique,small small batches batches of of production production Large Large standardized standardized mass massproduction production The Evolution of Management After reading the next four sections, you should be able to: explain the history of scientific management discuss the history of bureaucratic and administrative management explain the history of human relations management discuss the history of operations, information systems, and contingency management The History of Scientific Management Scientific Scientific Management Management  Studies Studies and and tests tests methods methods to to identify identify the the best, best, most most efficient efficient ways ways “Seat-of-the “Seat-of-the Pants” Pants” Management Management  No No standardization standardization of of procedures procedures  No No follow-up follow-up on on improvements improvements Frederick W Taylor Frederick Taylor is known today as the father of scientific management One of his many contributions to modern management is the common practice of giving employees rest breaks throughout the day 2.2 Taylor’s Four Management Principles Develop Develop aa science science for for each each element element of of aa man’s man’s work, work, which which replaces replaces the the old old rule-of-thumb rule-of-thumb method method Scientifically Scientifically select select and and then then train, train, teach, teach, and and develop develop the the workman workman Cooperate Cooperate with with the the men men to to insure insure all all work work is is done done in in accordance accordance with with the the principles principles of of the the science science 2.1 There There is is almost almost equal equal division division of of the the work work and and the the responsibility responsibility between between management management and and workmen workmen Frank & Lillian Gilbreth Frank and Lillian Gilbreth were prolific researchers and often used their family as guinea pigs Their work is the subject of Cheaper by the Dozen, written by their son and daughter 2.2 Motion Studies: Frank & Lillian Gilbreth Time Study Timing how long it takes good workers to complete each part of their jobs Motion Study Breaking each task into its separate motions and then eliminating those that are unnecessary or repetitive 2.2 10 Mary Parker Follett Mary Parker Follett is known today as the mother of scientific management Her many contributions to modern management include the ideas of negotiation, conflict resolution, and power sharing 4.1 16 Constructive Conflict and Coordination: Mary Parker Follett Domination Domination Dealing Dealing with with Conflict Conflict Compromise Compromise Integration Integration 4.1 17 Constructive Conflict and Coordination: Mary Parker Follett Fundamental Principals of Organizations 1 Coordination Coordinationas asreciprocal reciprocalrelating relatingall all the thefactors factorsin inaasituation situation 2 Coordination Coordinationby bydirect directcontact contactof ofthe the responsible responsiblepeople peopleconcerned concerned 3 Coordination Coordinationin inthe theearly earlystages stages 4 Coordination Coordinationas asaacontinuing continuingprocess process 4.1 18 Hawthorne Studies: Elton Mayo 4.2 • Workers’ feelings and attitudes affected their work • Financial incentives weren’t the most important motivator for workers • Group norms and behavior play a critical role in behavior at work 19 Cooperation and Acceptance of Authority: Chester Barnard Managers can gain cooperation by:  Securing essential services from individuals  Unifying people by clearly formulating an organization’s purpose and objectives  Providing a system of effective communication 4.3 20 Cooperation and Acceptance of Authority: Chester Barnard People will be indifferent to managerial directives if they…  are understood  are consistent with the purpose of the organization  are compatible with the people’s personal interests  can actually be carried out by those people 4.3 21 Operations, Information, Systems, and Contingency Management Operations Operations Management Management Information Information Management Management Systems Systems Management Management Contingency Contingency Management Management 22 Operations Management Tools Quality Qualitycontrol control Forecasting Forecastingtechniques techniques Capacity Capacityplanning planning Productivity Productivitymeasurement measurement and andimprovement improvement Linear Linearprogramming programming Scheduling Schedulingsystems systems Inventory Inventorysystems systems Work Workmeasurement measurementtechniques techniques Project Projectmanagement management 5.1 Cost-benefit Cost-benefitanalysis analysis 23 Operations Management Tools Guns Guns Origins Origins of of Operations Operations Management Management Geometry Geometry Fire Fire 5.1 24 Whitney, Monge, and Olds Eli Whitney, 1765-1825 Gaspard Monge, 1746-1818 Ransom Olds, 1864-1950 5.2 25 Information Management Milestones in information management: 1400s 1500-1700 1850 1860s 1879 1880s 1890s 1980s 1990s Horses in Italy Creation of paper and the printing press Manual typewriter Vertical file cabinets and the telegraph Cash registers Telephone Time clocks Personal computer Internet 5.3 26 Systems Management 5.3 27 Beyond the Book Biz Flix: In Good Company Is Carter Duryea’s explanation of synergy the same as the text definition? Take Two Video Dan identifies a potential downside with Carter’s plan Do you agree with Dan or Carter? Click 28 Contingency Management Contingency Approach Holds that the most effective management theory or idea depends on the kinds of problems or situations that managers are facing at a particular time and place 5.4 29 Contingency ManagementManagement is harder than it looks • Managers need to look for key contingencies that differentiate today’s situation from yesterday’s situation • Managers need to spend more time analyzing problems before taking action • Pay attention to qualifying phrases, such as “usually” 5.4 30 ... by those people 4.3 21 Operations, Information, Systems, and Contingency Management Operations Operations Management Management Information Information Management Management Systems Systems Management. .. human relations management discuss the history of operations, information systems, and contingency management The History of Scientific Management Scientific Scientific Management Management ... Project Projectmanagement management 5.1 Cost-benefit Cost-benefitanalysis analysis 23 Operations Management Tools Guns Guns Origins Origins of of Operations Operations Management Management Geometry

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Mục lục

  • Chapter 2 The History of Management

  • In the Beginning

  • Management Ideas and Practice Throughout History

  • Why We Need Managers Today

  • The Evolution of Management

  • The History of Scientific Management

  • Frederick W. Taylor

  • Taylor’s Four Management Principles

  • Frank & Lillian Gilbreth

  • Motion Studies: Frank & Lillian Gilbreth

  • Charts: Henry Gantt

  • The History of Bureaucratic Management

  • The Aim of Bureaucracy

  • Administrative Management: Henri Fayol

  • The History of Human Relations Management

  • Mary Parker Follett

  • Constructive Conflict and Coordination: Mary Parker Follett

  • Slide 18

  • Hawthorne Studies: Elton Mayo

  • Cooperation and Acceptance of Authority: Chester Barnard

  • Slide 21

  • Operations, Information, Systems, and Contingency Management

  • Operations Management Tools

  • Slide 24

  • Whitney, Monge, and Olds

  • Information Management

  • Systems Management

  • Biz Flix: In Good Company

  • Contingency Management

  • Slide 30

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