UNIT 12: WATER SPORTS A - READING water polo (n) /'wɔ:tə/ /'poulou/ môn bóng nước vertical post (n) /'və:tikəl/ cột đứng crossbar (n) /krɔsbɑ:/ xà ngang goalie (n) /'goul,ki:pə/ thủ thành, người giữ gôn sprint for st (v)/n /sprint/ chạy nước rút advance (v)/n /əd'vɑ:ns/ chuyển về phía trước defensive (n) /di'fensiv/ phòng ngự interfere with st (v) /,intə'fiə/ can thiệp opponent (n) /ə'pounənt/ đối thủ, đối phương penalize (v) /'pi:nəlaiz/ phạt punch (v) /pʌntʃ/ đấm tied (a) /taid/ hòa B - SPEAKING scuba-diving (n) /'sku:bə/ lặn có bình dưỡng khí windsurfing (n) /windsə:fiɳ/ môn lướt ván buồm rowing (n) /'rauiɳ/ chèo thuyền Synchronized swimming (n) /'siɳkrənaizd/ /'swimiɳ / bơi đồng diễn (có nhạc kèm) oars (n) /ɔ:/ mái chèo air tank (n) /eə/ bình dưỡng khí regulator (n) /'regjuleitə/ bộ điều hòa áp suất mask (n) /mɑ:sk/ mặt nạ fins (n) /fin/ chân nhái, vây C - LISTENING Wright Junior College (n) /rait/ /'ʤu:njə/ /'kɔliʤ/ trường cao đẳng đào tạo thợ Amateur Athletic Union (a) /'æmətə:/ /æθ'letik/ /'ju:njən/ hiệp hội các vận động viên không chuyên D - WRITING vertical (a) /'və:tikəl/ thẳng đứng horizontally (adv) /,hɔri'zɔntli/ theo chiều ngang fingertips (n) /'fiɳgətip/ đầu ngón tay bend (v) /bentʃ/ cúi xuống touch (v) /tʌtʃ/ chạm, tiếp xúc Grammar Transitive and intransitive verbs 1. Intransitive verbs: (néi ®éng tõ) Lµ nh÷ng ®éng tõ ®øng sau chñ thÓ g©y ra hµnh ®éng vµ kh«ng cã t©n ng÷ ®i kÌm.( sleep, die, swim .) Form: S + V Vd: The sun rise in the east. 2. Transitive verbs: (ngo¹i ®éng tõ) Lµ nh÷ng ®éng tõ ®ßi hái cã t©n ng÷ ®i kÌm( cã thÓ cã mét hoÆc nhiÒu t©n ng÷).(get, take, see, advise ) Form: S + V + O Vd: Yesterday I wrote a letter to Mary. Applied Exercise :Find the verb in each of the following sentences and write T if it is transitive and I if it is intransitive. Examples: Mr. West repeated his question. (T) Smoke rises. (I) 1 1. The children divided the candy. 2. A strange thing happened in the town yesterday. 3. In 1908, the Model T Ford arrived on the market. 4. The production of Model Ts eventually came to an end in 1927. 5. Manchester United won the game last night. 6. Our team won yesterday. 7. I met Ba at the bus stop early in the morning. 8. He drove the boat very fast. 9. The children opened their books. 10. We met a long time ago. *** Put the words into two columns Read meet sleep lie occur write Die help arrive rain exist climb Practice Exercise 1: Choose the word which is stressed differently from the rest. 1. a. water b. football c. begin d. meter 2. a. personal b. penalty c. defensive d. vertical 3. a. award b. prevent c. visit d. except 4. a. goalie b. advanced c. above d. depend 5. a. overtime b. decision c. period d. penalize Exercise 2: Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest. 1. a. sprint b. line c. divide d. ride 2. a. swimming b. post c. decision d. score 3. a. style b. penalty c. pretty d. typical 4. a. pool b. good c. look d. book 5. a. foul b. house c. amount d. adventurous Exercise 3: Choose the best answer 1. How many players are there in _______ water polo team? a. a b. an c. the d. Ø 2. _______ swimming is considered to be good way of losing weight. a. Ø / a b. The / a c. A / the d. The / the 3. They are going to _______ the pool to 1.8 meter. a. deep b. depth c. deepen d. deeply 4. The referee had no hesitation in awarding the visiting team a _______. a. penalty b. penalize c. penal d. penalization 5. The crowd cheered as the goalkeeper deflected the _______. a. shoot b. shooting c. shooter d. shot 6. _______ defense, the players work to regain possession of the ball and prevent a goal a. About b. Over c. Without d. On 7. Players can move the ball by throwing it _______ a teammate or swimming while pushing the ball in front of them. a. for b. into c. to d. from 8. Shots usually succeed when the goalie is out _______ position. a. into b. for c. of d. off 9. In water polo, a shot is successful if the ball completely passes between the goal posts and underneath the _______. a. net b. crossbar c. ball d. goalie 10. A defensive player may only hold, block or pull a / an _______ who is touching or holding the ball. a. audience b. referee c. goalie d. opponent 11. If a defender _______ a foul within the five meter area that prevents a likely goal, the attacking team is awarded a penalty throw or shot. a. commits b. interferes c. punches d. touches 2 12. The more' goals the players _______, the more exciting the match became. a. marked b. made c. scored d. sprinted 13. After a tie, there are two overtime periods of three minutes each. a. penalty b. draw c. score d. goal 14. The goalkeeper can also be ejected for twenty seconds if a major foul is committed. a. advanced b. sprinted c. played d. excluded Exercise 4: Choose the best answer ( preposition) 1.I don’t think he was present _______ the meeting yesterday. A. about B. in C. at D. on 2.Are you serious _______ learning to be an architect? A. for B. about C. with D. at 3.She has become very famous _________ her novels. A. for B. about C. on D. in 4. What is the difference ____________ a boat and a ship? A. between B. from C. under D. with 5. We are all bored ____________ this game. A. about B. at C. for D. with 6. I don’t understand. Can you explain this word ____________ me? A. to B. for C. with D. on 7. The babysitter will stay there ____________ we get home. A. by B. for D. to D. until 8. The job is similar ____________ my old one. A. as B. to C. to D. with 9. Do you believe ____________ God? A. in B. on C. at D. to 10. The cameras prevent motorists ____________ speed. A. by B. from C. for D with Exercise 5: Put the verbs in bracket into the correct form: gerund or to-infinitive 1. Anita enjoys(listen)_____ __________ _____ to music while she’s doing homework 2. Don’t worry about (miss)_____ __________ _____ the bus! We have plenty of time 3. I want (finish)_______ __________ ___ work early today 4. It was getting dark when they finished (decorate)___ __________ ______ the room 5. Thank you for (help)_____ __________ _____ me with the housework 6. The company doesn’t mind(spend)_______ __________ __ more money on advertising 7. The shareholders agreed (close)_____ __________ ____ down the factory 8. Susan considers(look)_____ __________ ___ another job 9. We look forward to(meet)____ __________ ____ our cousin again 10. I’ve just finished (write)____ __________ _____ the report. Exercise 6: Identify the mistake (A, B, C or D) in each of the following sentences. 1. Before to go out, remember to turn off the computer. A B C D 2. You had better learning a foreign language before applying for a job. A B C D 3. On to hear the telephone ring, I answered it immediately. A B C D 4. There’s something wrong with my computer. It may need to repair . A B C D 5. It is a dull evening. We have nothing doing. A B C D 6. Gets the bad news from her parents, Lan immediately burst into tears. A B C D 7. I regret not to help you but I really couldn’t do anything else. 3 A B C D 8. Many scientists have tried to unlocking the genetic code. A B C D 9. Open the letter from her mother, she feels very happy. A B C D 10. To reduce pollution, we have to stop to use many things that make our lives comfortable. A B C D Exercise 7: Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present or the simple future tense. 1/ We (go) _______________ _____ out when the rain (stop) ______________ ______. 2/ I (stay) _______________ ____ here until he (answer) _______________ _____ me. 3/ Wait until I (catch) ____________ ________ you. 4/ I (be) ______________ _____ ready before you (count) ______________ _____ ten. 5/ John must eat his breakfast before he (go) _______________ _____ out. 6/ Miss Helen (help) ________________ you as soon as she (finish) _________________ _ that letter. 7/ He (tell) _____________ _____ you when you (get) ______________ ______ there. 8/ She (not come) ____________ ________ until you (be) _____________ ______ ready. 9/ He (tell) ______________ ______ you when you (ask) _____________ _______ him. 10/ I (come) ___________ __ and (see) ____________ ___ you before I (leave) ________ ____ for England Exercise 8: Rewrite the sentences 1.I haven’t seen that man here before. It is the first _______________________________________________________________________________________ 2.He studies very hard. He doesn’t want to fail in the final exam. ( using “so that”) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.She practices English everyday. She wants to speak to foreigners. (using “so that”) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.She bought a new car. She wants to make a trip to Canada. She bought a new car to __________________________________________________________________________ 5.John gets up early. He doesn’t want to be late. John gets up early so as not to ___________________________________________________________________ 6.I couldn’t hear the speaker’s voice because it was very noisy. Because of ________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.My sister got married three years ago. It’s ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.Russian is too hard for us to learn. Russian is so ______________________________________________________________________________________ 9.He is rather rich. He can buy a new house. He is rich enough _________________________________________________________________________________ 10. I haven’t seen her since we left school. The last time ______________________________________________________________________________________ Exercise 9: Choose the best answer 1. I like tea more than coffee. A. I like coffee better than tea. B. I like coffee as you do. C. I like tea very much. D. I prefer tea to coffee. 2. Murder is the most serious of all crimes. A. Murder is very serious. B. Everyone is afraid of murder. C. No crimes is more serious than murder. D. Murder is the dangerous crimes. 3. I won’t agree until Tom’s apologized. A. Only when Tom’s apologized will I agree. B. Only when Tom’s apologized I will agree. C. I only agree when Tom’s apologize. D. I wait for Tom apologize to agree. 4. I find it important to learn English. A. I make it possible to learn English B. I find that learning English important. C. It’s important to learn English. D. It’s as important to learn English. 4 5. Things were different those days. A. things have remain the same. B. I look at things differently now. C. things are becoming worse and worse. D. things are not the same as they were. 6. The heavy rain stopped me from going out. A. As the heavy rain, I couldn’t go out. B. Thanks to the heavy rain, I couldn’t go out. C. Because of the heavy rain, I couldn’t go out. D. Except for the heavy rain, I couldn’t go out. 7. Could you please close the door? A. Would you mind close the door? B. Would you mind to close the door? C. Would you minded close the door? D. Would you mind closing the door? 8. Bill drives more carelessly than he used to. A. Bill doesn’t drive as carefully as he used to B. Bill doesn’t drive carefully he used to C. Bill doesn’t drive as carefully he used to D. Bill doesn’t drive as carefully as he used 9. The last time I saw Jane was three years ago. A. I haven’t seen Jane for three years. B. I haven’t seen Jane three years ago C. I haven’t seen Jane since three years D. I have seen Jane for three years 10.Dick cannot get married because he is under sixteen. A. Ban is young enough to get married B. Ban is too young to get married C. Ban is old enough to get married D. Ban is too old to get married REVIEW Exercise 1: Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest. 1.A. off B. wife C. knife D. of 2.A. game B. guest C. guess D. guesture 3.A. worse B. horse C. sword D. order 4.A. dear B. wear C. fear D. hear 5.A. secret B. season C. serious D. sugar 1. A. husband B. useless C. must D. industry Choose the word which is stressed differently from the rest. 2. A. computer B. memory C. serious D. special 3. A. writer B. carefully C. complete D. origin 4. A. lesson B. delay C. wonder D. pencil 5. A. childhood B. experience C. succeed D. unable 6. A. weather B. important C. informal D. ability 7. A. rotation B. mineral C. contaminate D. American Exercise 2: Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present, simple future, present perfect or future perfect tense. 1/ I’ll wait until he (write) ______________ ______ his next novel. 2/ When you (come) _______________ back, he (already buy) _______________ _____ a new house. 3/ Don’t come until I (finish) _____________ ______ lunch. 4/ I (hope) _______________ ____ it (stop) ________________ __ raining by 5 o’clock this afternoon. 5/ The river (not begin)____ __________ _____ to rise until some rain (fall)______ __________ ____. 6/ I (stay) ________________ ____ here until you (finish) _______________ ____ your work. 7/ By next month, I (leave) _________________ __ for India. 8/ He (finish) _______________ ____ his work before you (leave) _______________ _____. 9/ Before you (go) ________________ ____, they (leave) _____________ _______ the country. 10/ The meeting (finish) __________________ _ by the time we (get) _______________ ____ there. Exercise 3: VOCABULARY AND EXPRESSION: Choose the word, phrase or sentence that best completes each unfinished sentence below 1. Newton laid the ______ for many other discoveries in mathematics and physics. a. basements b. foundations c. inventions d. achievements 2.The pull of the earth is called ______ a. dynamo b. generation c. gravity d. appliance 3.Geometry is the study of ______ a. letters and signs b. numbers c. forms d. computations 5 4.Language is not necessarily the ______ property of those who use it. a. private b. common c. public d. personal 5.We are from Vietnam. Vietnamese is our mother tongue. a. foreign language b. first language c. second language d. official language 6.The geneticists have discovered the laws of ______ a. generation b. inhabitance c. language d. inheritance 7.Laser beams have been used for cancer ______ a. entertainment b. achievement c. treatment d. movement 8.We find it ______ to do housework. a. bore b. bored c. boring d. bores 9.Most miners suffer ______ from tunnel collapse and from flooding. a. die b. death c. dead d. dying 10.In poor areas, nature ______ is low on the list of pri )rities compared with employment and health. a. conserve b. conservation c. conservational d. conserving 11.All areas of the world are ______ to be affected by global climate change. a. like b. alike c. likely d. unlike 12.Children take ______ in playing computer games in their free time. a. please b. pleasant c. pleasing d. pleasure 13.Certain kinds of shark population have decreased by ______ 75% in the last 30 years. a. out of b. up to c. up with d. along with 14.I am fed ______ daily housework. a. up with b. out of c. onto d. into 15.Mary is one of ______ best students that got the scholarship. a. a b. an c. the d. no article Exercise 3: Read the passage and circle the best answer There are many ways of communication without using speech. Signals, signs, symbols, and gestures may be found in every known culture. The basic function of a signal is to impinge upon the environment in such a way that in attracts attention, as, for example, the dots and dashes of a telegraph circuit. Coded to refer to speech, the potential for communication is very great. While less adaptable to the codification of words, signs contain greater meaning in and of themselves. A stop sign or a bather pole conveys meaning quickly and conveniently. Symbols are more difficult to describe than either signals or signs because of their intricate relationship with the receiver’s cultural perceptions. In some cultures, applauding in a theatre provides performers with an auditory symbol of approval. Gestures waving and handshaking also communicate certain culture messages. 1. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Signs and signals and symbols B. Gesture C. Communication D. Speech 2. According to this passage, a. signal is _____ A. more difficult to describe than other forms of communication B. an interruption in the environment C. less able to be adapted to refer to speech D. a gesture 3.Applauding was cited as an example of ______ A. a signal B. a symbol C. a sign D. a gesture 4. It may be concluded from this passage _________ A. signals, signs, symbols, and gestures are forms of communication. B. symbols are very easy to define and interpret. C. only some cultures have signals, signs, and symbols. D. waving and handshaking are not related to culture. The End. 6 . UNIT 12: WATER SPORTS A - READING water polo (n) /'wɔ:tə/ /'poulou/. kÌm( cã thÓ cã mét hoÆc nhiÒu t©n ng÷).(get, take, see, advise ) Form: S + V + O Vd: Yesterday I wrote a letter to Mary. Applied Exercise :Find the verb