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Improving Intercultural Communication in the Cooperation Organizations A case study on Taiwanese Organizations in Vietnam (LV thạc sĩ)Improving Intercultural Communication in the Cooperation Organizations A case study on Taiwanese Organizations in Vietnam (LV thạc sĩ)Improving Intercultural Communication in the Cooperation Organizations A case study on Taiwanese Organizations in Vietnam (LV thạc sĩ)Improving Intercultural Communication in the Cooperation Organizations A case study on Taiwanese Organizations in Vietnam (LV thạc sĩ)Improving Intercultural Communication in the Cooperation Organizations A case study on Taiwanese Organizations in Vietnam (LV thạc sĩ)Improving Intercultural Communication in the Cooperation Organizations A case study on Taiwanese Organizations in Vietnam (LV thạc sĩ)Improving Intercultural Communication in the Cooperation Organizations A case study on Taiwanese Organizations in Vietnam (LV thạc sĩ)Improving Intercultural Communication in the Cooperation Organizations A case study on Taiwanese Organizations in Vietnam (LV thạc sĩ)Improving Intercultural Communication in the Cooperation Organizations A case study on Taiwanese Organizations in Vietnam (LV thạc sĩ)Improving Intercultural Communication in the Cooperation Organizations A case study on Taiwanese Organizations in Vietnam (LV thạc sĩ)Improving Intercultural Communication in the Cooperation Organizations A case study on Taiwanese Organizations in Vietnam (LV thạc sĩ)
國立屏東科技大學熱帶農業暨國際合作系 Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation National Pingtung University of Science and Technology 碩士學位論文 Master’s Thesis 改善企業組織跨文化溝通 ─ 以在越南之台灣企業為例 Improving Intercultural Communication in the Cooperation Organizations - A case study on Taiwanese Organizations in Vietnam 指導教授 Advisor：陳啟政 博士 (Chee-Cheng Chen, Ph.D.) 研 究 生 Student：阮梅香(Nguyen Mai Huong) 中 華 民 國 年 月 日 June 15, 2016 摘 要 學號：M10322040 論文題目：改善企業組織跨文化溝通 ─ 以在越南之台灣企業為例 總頁數：78 頁 學校名稱：國立屏東科技大學 系（所）別：熱帶農業暨國際合作系 畢業時間及摘要別: 104 學年度第 學期碩士學位論文摘要 研究生：阮梅香 指導教授：陳啟政 博士 論文摘要內容： 找到在自己以外的國家運營的許多企業管理者是企業行銷全球化的 要求。留住外籍人士是具有全球業務的多國公司（MNCs）的困難。據 估計，在外派任務之人士估計有 10-80％回國過早。外籍人士的居留不 長其中一個原因一直被認為是這些經理和/或他們的配偶無力適應東道國 的文化。越南和臺灣之間的經濟關係已經建立了幾十年。事實上，越南 是臺灣最重要的市場之一。大部分臺灣公司位於越南的子公司或合資企 業或業主公司。因此，臺灣和越南之間的跨文化溝通的問題一直受到關 注，這並不奇怪。 這項研究的重點是越南和臺灣的個人和團隊之間的互動與合作，通 過文化理論的視野，包括價值取向，跨文化溝通和跨文化經營的行為。 本研究著手探索和面對越南和臺灣的個人和團隊合作的挑戰提出報告， 並發展出這兩個國家的人民之間的未來合作的想法。本文提出了一種質 性研究代表並討論了調查中的越南和臺灣之間勞動力的互動溝通行為的 調查結果 調查結果。這項調查是在 49 台公司與越南和臺灣員工進行了 越南合作，與代表探討兩個民族的個體之間相互作用的跨文化的目的。 I 研究闡明在越南和臺灣人民之間的文化特色和團隊協作的風格很多 不同之處。這些差異有潛在創造出障礙，但也許更重要的是，這些差異 顯然也可以成為依賴于跨文化意識，能力和反思走向新的思路和所涉及 的個人觀點職場優勢。文章的結論是，個人和團隊，越南和臺灣應該追 求實現其他文化的更廣泛和更深入的理解與著眼於提高個人之間的合作 互動為目標的過程。結果表明，不同類型的跨文化培訓的外籍人士的影 響“的調整，提高臺灣企業在越南的跨文化溝通的有效性。 關鍵字：跨文化溝通、商務溝通、跨文化、越南、臺灣 II Abstract Student ID: M10322040 Title of Thesis: Improving Intercultural Communication in the Cooperation Organizations - A case study on Taiwanese Organizations in Vietnam Total Page: 78 pages Name of Institute: Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology Graduate Date: June 15, 2016 Degree Conferred: Master Degree Name of Student: Nguyen Mai Huong Adviser: Chee-Cheng Chen, Ph.D The Content of Abstract in This Thesis: The demands of marketing globalization find many business managers operating in countries other than their own Multinational corporations (MNCs) are having difficulty retaining expatriates for their global operations It is estimated that 10–80% of expatriates sent on foreign assignments return home prematurely One of the reasons for expatriates’ failure has been cited as the inability of these managers and/or their spouses to adapt to the hostcountry’s culture The economic relationship between Vietnam and Taiwan has been established for several decades In fact, Vietnam is one of the most important markets for Taiwan Most of the Taiwan companies located in Vietnam are subsidiary companies or joint ventures or owner companies III Thus, it is not surprising that the issue of intercultural communication between the Taiwanese and the Vietnamese has gained attention This research focuses on interaction and cooperation between Vietnamese and Taiwanese individuals and teams through lenses of cultural theory, including values orientations, intercultural communication and crosscultural business behaviors The research set out to discover and report on cooperation challenges faced by Vietnamese and Taiwanese individuals and teams, and to develop ideas for future cooperation between people from these two nations This paper presents a qualitative and quantitative study which represents and discusses the survey results of investigating the communication behavior among interacting between Vietnamese and Taiwanese workforces The survey was conducted with Vietnamese and Taiwanese employees in forty nine Taiwan Company worked in Vietnam, with the purpose of exploring intercultural interactions between individuals representing the two nationalities The research illuminated many differences in cultural characteristics and teamwork styles between Vietnamese and Taiwanese people These differences have the potential for creating barriers, but perhaps more importantly, these differences clearly can also become advantages in the workplace depending on the intercultural awareness, competence and reflexivity toward new ideas and perspectives of the involved individuals The paper concluded that individuals and teams, both Vietnamese and Taiwanese should pursue a course of attaining a broader and deeper understanding of the other culture with the goal of focusing on improving cooperative interaction between individuals The results show that different types of cross-cultural training affect expatriates’ adjustment and improve effectiveness of intercultural communication in Taiwan companies in Vietnam Keywords: intercultural communication, business communication, crossculture, Vietnam, Taiwan IV Acknowledgement In grateful recognition and sincerest thanks for the encouragement, guidance and unselfish of their knowledge, time, effort and skills, and for the untiring motivation that leads to the completion of this study, the Researcher acknowledges the following: Supervisor Dr Chee-Cheng Chen, Ph D for his untiring effort and belief that is collaboration is possible thus enabling us to pursue the MBA degree, I will always be thankful to him for all the hard work and efforts his have put in, for educating me Thank You for all the things his have done for me National Pingtung University of Science and Technology for give me scholarship and support when I am study in our school Dr Nguyen Tuan Anh, Ph.D Dean of the International School, Thai Nguyen University of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, for his enormous pursuit to provide the Vietnamese people an opportunity to grow through education; My family and friends for the love and support in one way or the other; and to all From bottom of my heart, sincerely thank you! V Contents 摘要 I Abstract III Acknowledgement V List of Figures X List of Tables XII CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Research Background and Motivation 1.2 Research Objectives 1.3 Research Contribution 1.4 Research Process 1.5 Research Organization CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Intercultural Communication 2.1.1 Communication – A Definition 2.1.2 Intercultural Communication – A Definition 13 2.1.3 Intercultural Communication in a Working Environment 14 2.2 Culture 16 2.2.1 Introduction culture 16 VI 2.2.2 The importance of culture 16 2.2.3 Culture and society 17 2.3 Intercultural Competence & Training 18 2.3.1 Intercultural Competence 18 2.3.2 Intercultural business communication 21 2.3.3 Six Dialectics of Intercultural Communication 23 2.3.4 Intercultural Communication and power 26 2.3.5 Intercultural Communication and Technology 26 2.3.6 Intercultural Training 27 2.4 Research gaps 30 CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY 34 3.1 The nature of the research 34 3.2 Qualitative & Quantitative research 34 3.3 Data collection methods 35 3.4 Population and Sample 37 CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS AND RESULTS 39 4.1 Designation 39 4.2 Nationality 40 4.3 Gender 40 VII 4.4 International Work Experience 40 4.5 The Main Means of Communication with other Nationalities 41 4.6 Preferred type of Communication 43 4.7 On Business Alone or with Family 45 4.8 Training required equipping expatriates with skills to live in a foreign country 46 4.9 Major Cultural Adjustments Experienced 47 4.10 Time Keeping 49 4.11 The Most Preferred Method of Working 50 4.12 Preferred type of rules and instructions 51 4.13 Different cultural ways of dealing with business 52 4.14 Interaction with international partners 54 4.15 Cultural influence on business communication 55 4.16 Enquiring about the possible barriers to successful intercultural communication 56 4.17 Improving knowledge of the other culture 58 4.18 The most preferred way of learning about other cultures 59 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION 61 5.1 Reaearch Conclusions 61 5.2 Research Recommendations 63 VIII References 65 APPENDIX A: Personal Information 70 APPENDIX B: Questionnaire Checklist 72 IX DeVito, J A 2011 Essentials of Human Communication 7th ed US: Pearson Education Du Plooy, G.M 2002 Communication Research Techniques, Methods and Applications Lansdowne: Juta Emrich, C 2011 Interkulturelles Management: Erfolgsfaktoren im globalen Business Kohlhammer Fauconnier, Gilles & Mark Turner 2002 The Way we Think Conceptual Blending and the Mind’s Hidden Complexities USA: Basic books Fleming, M P., Feng, A., & Byram, M 2009 Becoming interculturally competent through education and training Multilingual Matters Froemling, K K., Grice, G L & Skinner, J F 2011 Communication: The Handbook US: Pearson Education Gamble, T.K & Gamble, M 2010 Communication Works 10th ed New York: McGraw-Hill Gerbner, G 1966 On defining communication: Still another view Journal of Communication,.pp 99-103 Giaoduc.net 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Teleconferencing Inc http://www.joe.org/joe/1984september/a4.php [Accessed on 07 December 2010: 14:30pm CAT] Rothlauf, J 2012 Interkulturelles Management Oldenbourg Verlag Samovar, L.A., Porter, R, E., & Stefani, L, A., 1998 Communication Between Cultures 3rd ed USA: Wadsworth Publishing Company Schaefer, R T 2002 Sociology: A Brief Introduction 4th ed NY: Mac Graw-Hill Higher Education Sigband, N.B., & Bell, A.H 1994 Communication for Managers Ohio: South Western Publishing Steinberg, S 2003 Communication Studies: An Introduction Cape Town: Juta & Company Ltd Verderber, K S., & Verderber R F 2008 Communicate 12th ed Belmont, California: Wadsworth Watzlawick, P., Bavelas, J B., Jackson, D D., & O'Hanlon, B 2011 Pragmatics of human communication: A study of interactional patterns, 68 pathologies and paradoxes WW Norton & Company Welman, J C., Kruger, S J., & Mitchell, B C 2008 Research Methodology 3rd ed Cape Town Oxford University Press World Business Culture n/d South African Meetings http://www.worldbusinessculture.com/Business-Meetings-in-SouthAfrica.html [Accessed: 18 August 2010: 13:30am CAT] Xiao, X., & Chen, G.-M 2009 Communication competence and moral competence: A Confucian perspective Journal of Multicultural Discourses pp 61-74, 69 APPENDIX A Personal Information PERSONAL DATA Full name: Nguyen Mai Huong ID M10322040 Gender: Female D.O.B: June 12th, 1989 Place of Birth: Thai Nguyen province, Vietnam Nationality: Vietnamese Permanent Group 25, Hoang Van Thu Ward, Thai Nguyen Address: Provide, Vietnam Email: Maihuong1206@gmail.com Major: Master of Business Administration College: Department of Tropical Agriculture and international Cooperation EDUCATION AND SOCIAL BACKGROUND EDUCATION: 2014 – 2016: National Pingtung University of Science and Technology Department of Tropical Agriculture and Cooperation Degree: Master of Business of Administration Year of Graduation: 06/2016 Year of Graduation: Good 2007 – 2012: University of Rizal System, Philippine 70 international Degree: Financial Management Year of Graduation: 12/2011 Academic Result: Good 2004 – 2007: Dai Tu High School, Thai Nguyen City, Vietnam Year of Graduation: 6/2007 Academic Result: Average SOCIAL ACTIVITIES: 1/1/2012 – 1/8/2013: Working as Administrator Assistant – Data entry – Translator at Mining and Geology Department in Nui Phao Mining Company 1/8/2013 – 10/9/2014: Working as Managing Staff at Dept of Information Communication and Public Relations in International School - Thai Nguyen University 71 APPENDIX B Questionnaire Checklist Dear Respondents, My name is Nguyen Mai Huong (Ginny) I am a master student of the Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation at National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, working on a research project designed to provide Improving effectiveness of intercultural communication through Cross - cultural Training This research submitted in fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of master This paper presents a qualitative study which represents and discusses the survey results of investigating the communication behavior among interacting between Vietnamese and Taiwanese workforces or between vender and consumer Thank you so much! 72 Personales information : THE SURVEY SECTION A – Permission to use my response for academic research This information is necessary to show that a real person completed the questionnaire Any information that is made available will be private and confidential and used with discretion; no names will be linked to responses I hereby give permission that my responses may be used for research purposes Name: Designation: Nationality: Gender: Marital status: E-mail: Tel Male Female Single Married Fax No No.: 73 Divorced Widowed SECTION B How long have you worked in an international environment? 0-2 years 3-5 years 6-10 years over 10 years What is your main means of communication with other nationalities? Face to face Telephone and teleconference Written (letter and e-mail) 10 Which of the above means of communication you find most suitable to communicate with the other nationalities? Explain why this is the most suitable means of communication 11 Are you on business alone or with your family? Alone With my family 74 12 Have you and your family been on training to equip you with the necessary skills required to live in a foreign country? Yes No 13 If yes, what kind of training have you received? 14 What you think were the shortcomings of the training? 15 What was the major cultural adjustment that you and your family experienced? 16 Did this have a negative or positive impact on your family life? (Refer to question 15) 17 Do you think that your family life has an impact on your work situation? If so, explain how 75 18 What is your approach towards time? Precise timekeeping is important Flexible timekeeping is important Other (specify) 19 Do you prefer working in a team or you prefer working independently? Working in a team Working independently 20 What type of communication you see as being most profitable? Oral Writing Other (specify) 21 Which you prefer? Structured situations and clearly defined rules Plans instead of fixed rules 22 How does your culture deal with business? We are very task-focused; they want to get down to business 76 immediately Our priority is to get to know their business partners and develop a rapport 23 With reference to question 22, please explain the reason why you would prefer dealing with business this way Section C Please complete this section regarding intercultural competence and skills Please circle the appropriate answers (Scale: 1- Very important; 2-Important; 3-Not important) 24 How important is it to gain knowledge of what makes an organization successful in its interaction with international partners 25 How important is it to acquire more information about how the different cultures influence business communication with regard to: (a) Attitudes towards time (b) Leadership styles (c) Meetings and discussions (d) Oral and written communication 77 26 How important is it to enquire about the possible barriers to successful intercultural communication? (a) Different cultural expectations (b) Different cultural behaviours (c) Different organizational businesses (d) Different attitudes towards hospitality (e) Different expectations of etiquette and protocol 27 How important is it to: (a) improve your knowledge of the other culture? (b) improve your verbal and written communication? (c) accept and acknowledge the other culture? 28 What is your most preferred way of learning about the other culture? Thank you for your time and participation! 78 ... II Abstract Student ID: M10322040 Title of Thesis: Improving Intercultural Communication in the Cooperation Organizations - A case study on Taiwanese Organizations in Vietnam Total Page: 78 pages... Intercultural business communication Six Dialectics of Intercultural Communication Intercultural Communication and power Intercultural Communication and Technology Intercultural Training Reseach gaps Data... cultural Training using the Example of Taiwanese Organizations that are located in Vietnam I have chosen this example because now have many country in the world want investment in Vietnam, the economic