ễN TP : DN XUT HALOGEN - ANCOL PHENOL ETE ANEHIT XETON - AXIT CACBOXYLIC (trich H-C cac nm) Cõu 1(A-07): Cho 15,6 gam hn hp hai ancol (ru) n chc, k tip dóy ng ng tỏc dng ht vi 9,2 gam Na, thu c 24,5 gam cht rn Hai ancol ú l (cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Na = 23) A C3H5OH v C4H7OH B C2H5OH v C3H7OH C C3H7OH v C4H9OH D CH3OH v C2H5OH Cõu 2(A-07): Cho 6,6 gam mt anehit X n chc, mch h phn ng vi lng d AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) dung dch NH3, un núng Lng Ag sinh cho phn ng ht vi axit HNO3 loóng, thoỏt 2,24 lớt khớ NO (sn phm kh nht, o ktc) Cụng thc cu to thu gn ca X l (cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16) A CH3CHO B HCHO C CH3CH2CHO D CH2 = CHCHO Cõu 3(A-07): Cho 0,1 mol anehit X tỏc dng vi lng d AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) dung dch NH3, un núng thu c 43,2 gam Ag Hiro hoỏ X thu c Y, bit 0,1 mol Y phn ng va vi 4,6 gam Na Cụng thc cu to thu gn ca X l (cho Na = 23, Ag = 108) A HCHO B CH3CHO C OHC-CHO D CH3CH(OH)CHO Cõu 4(A-07): Cho s +Cl2 (tỉ lệ mol 1:1) +NaOH đặc (d) + axit HCl C6H6 (benzen) X Y Z Fe, to to cao, p cao Hai cht hu c Y, Z ln lt l: A C6H6(OH)6, C6H6Cl6 B C6H4(OH)2, C6H4Cl2 C C6H5OH, C6H5Cl D C6H5ONa, C6H5OH Cõu 5(A-07): t chỏy hon ton a mol axit hu c Y c 2a mol CO2 Mt khỏc, trung hũa a mol Y cn va 2a mol NaOH Cụng thc cu to thu gn ca Y l A HOOC-CH2-CH2-COOH B C2H5-COOH C CH3-COOH D HOOC- COOH Cõu 6(A-07): Khi tỏch nc t mt cht X cú cụng thc phõn t C4H10O to thnh ba anken l ng phõn ca (tớnh c ng phõn hỡnh hc) Cụng thc cu to thu gn ca X l A (CH3)3COH B CH3OCH2CH2CH3 C CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3 D CH3CH(CH3)CH2OH Cõu 7(B-07): Cho m gam mt ancol (ru) no, n chc X qua bỡnh ng CuO (d), nung núng Sau phn ng hon ton, lng cht rn bỡnh gim 0,32 gam Hn hp hi thu c cú t i vi hiro l 15,5 Giỏ tr ca m l (cho H = 1, C =12, O = 16) A 0,92 B 0,32 C 0,64 D 0,46 Cõu 8(B-07): Cỏc ng phõn ng vi cụng thc phõn t C8H10O (u l dn xut ca benzen) cú tớnh cht: tỏch nc thu c sn phm cú th trựng hp to polime, khụng tỏc dng c vi NaOH S lng ng phõn ng vi cụng thc phõn t C8H10O, tho tớnh cht trờn l A B C D Cõu 9(B-07): S cht ng vi cụng thc phõn t C7H8O (l dn xut ca benzen) u tỏc dng c vi dung dch NaOH l A B C D Cõu 10(B-07): Cho cỏc cht: axit propionic (X), axit axetic (Y), ancol (ru) etylic (Z) v imetyl ete (T) Dóy gm cỏc cht c sp xp theo chiu tng dn nhit sụi l A T, Z, Y, X B Z, T, Y, X C T, X, Y, Z D Y, T, X, Z Cõu 11(B-07): trung hũa 6,72 gam mt axit cacboxylic Y (no, n chc), cn dựng 200 gam dung dch NaOH 2,24% Cụng thc ca Y l (cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Na = 23) A CH3COOH B HCOOH C C2H5COOH D C3H7COOH Cõu 12 (B-07): Khi t 0,1 mol mt cht X (dn xut ca benzen), lng CO2 thu c nh hn 35,2 gam Bit rng, mol X ch tỏc dng c vi mol NaOH Cụng thc cu to thu gn ca X l (cho C =12, O = 16) A C2H5C6H4OH B HOCH2C6H4COOH C HOC6H4CH2OH D C6H4(OH)2 Cõu 13(B-07): X l mt ancol (ru) no, mch h t chỏy hon ton 0,05 mol X cn 5,6 gam oxi, thu c hi nc v 6,6 gam CO2 Cụng thc ca X l (cho C = 12, O = 16) A C2H4(OH)2 B C3H7OH C C3H5(OH)3 D C3H6(OH)2 Cõu 14 (B-07): t chỏy hon ton a mol mt anehit X (mch h) to b mol CO2 v c mol H2O (bit b = a + c).Trong phn ng gng, mt phõn t X ch cho electron X thuc dóy ng ng anehit A no, n chc B khụng no cú hai ni ụi, n chc C khụng no cú mt ni ụi, n chc D no, hai chc Cõu 15 (B-07): Khi oxi húa hon ton 2,2 gam mt anehit n chc thu c gam axit tng ng Cụng thc ca anehit l (cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16) A HCHO B C2H3CHO C C2H5CHO D CH3CHO Cõu 16(B-07): Dóy gm cỏc cht u phn ng vi phenol l: A dung dch NaCl, dung dch NaOH, kim loi Na B nc brom, anhirit axetic, dung dch NaOH C nc brom, axit axetic, dung dch NaOH D nc brom, anehit axetic, dung dch NaOH Cõu 17(C-07): Cho cỏc cht sau: phenol, etanol, axit axetic, natri phenolat, natri hiroxit S cp cht tỏc dng c vi l A B C D Cõu 18: Hp cht hu c X (phõn t cú vũng benzen) cú cụng thc phõn t l C7H8O2, tỏc dng c vi Na v vi NaOH Bit rng cho X tỏc dng vi Na d, s mol H2 thu c bng s mol X tham gia phn ng v X ch tỏc dng c vi NaOH theo t l s mol 1:1 Cụng thc cu to thu gn ca X l A C6H5CH(OH)2 B HOC6H4CH2OH C CH3C6H3(OH)2 D CH3OC6H4OH Cõu 19(C-07): Cho 5,76 gam axit hu c X n chc, mch h tỏc dng ht vi CaCO3 thu c 7,28 gam mui ca axit hu c Cụng thc cu to thu gn ca X l (Cho H = 1; C = 12; O = 16; Ca = 40) A CH2=CH-COOH B CH3COOH C CH3-CH2-COOH D HC C-COOH Cõu 20(C-07): Cho 2,9 gam mt anehit phn ng hon ton vi lng d AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) dung dch NH3 thu c 21,6 gam Ag Cụng thc cu to thu gn ca anehit l (Cho H= 1;C = 12;O = 16; Ag = 108) A HCHO B CH3CHO C CH2=CH-CHO D OHC-CHO Cõu 21(C-07): t chỏy hon ton mt ru (ancol) X thu c CO2 v H2O cú t l s mol tng ng l : 4.Th tớch khớ oxi cn dựng t chỏy X bng 1,5 ln th tớch khớ CO2 thu c ( cựng iu kin) Cụng thc phõn t ca X l A C3H8O2 B C3H8O3 C C3H4O D C3H8O Cõu 22 (C-07): Cú bao nhiờu ru (ancol) bc 2, no, n chc, mch h l ng phõn cu to ca m phõn t ca chỳng cú phn trm lng cacbon bng 68,18%? (Cho H = 1; C = 12; O = 16) A B C D Cõu 23 (C-07): Khi thc hin phn ng tỏch nc i vi ru (ancol) X, ch thu c mt anken nht Oxi hoỏ hon ton mt lng cht X thu c 5,6 lớt CO2 ( ktc) v 5,4 gam nc Cú bao nhiờu cụng thc cu to phự hp vi X? (Cho H = 1; C = 12; O = 16) A B C D Cõu 24(C-07): Trong cụng nghip, axeton c iu ch t A xiclopropan B propan-1-ol C propan-2-ol D cumen Cõu 25 (C-08): Cho cỏc cht sau: CH3-CH2-CHO (1), CH2=CH-CHO (2), (CH3)2CH-CHO (3), CH2=CH-CH2-OH (4) Nhng cht phn ng hon ton vi lng d H2 (Ni, to) cựng to mt sn phm l: A (1), (2), (3) B (1), (3), (4) C (1), (2), (4) D (2), (3), (4) Cõu 26 (C-08): Khi un núng hn hp ru (ancol) gm CH3OH v C2H5OH (xỳc tỏc H2SO4 c, 140oC) thỡ s ete thu c ti a l A B C D Cõu 27(C-08): t chỏy hon ton hn hp M gm hai ru (ancol) X v Y l ng ng k tip ca nhau, thu c 0,3 mol CO2 v 0,425 mol H2O Mt khỏc, cho 0,25 mol hn hp M tỏc dng vi Na (d), thu c cha n 0,15 mol H2 Cụng thc phõn t ca X, Y l: A C2H6O2, C3H8O2 B C3H6O, C4H8O C C2H6O, C3H8O D C2H6O, CH4O Cõu 28(C-08): Cho hn hp gm 0,1 mol HCHO v 0,1 mol HCOOH tỏc dng vi lng d Ag2O (hoc AgNO3) dung dch NH3, un núng Sau cỏc phn ng xy hon ton, lng Ag to thnh l A 64,8 gam B 21,6 gam C 10,8 gam D 43,2 gam Cõu 29(C-08): t chỏy hon ton mt anehit X, thu c s mol CO2 bng s mol H2O Nu cho X tỏc dng vi lng d Ag2O (hoc AgNO3) dung dch NH3, sinh s mol Ag gp bn ln s mol X ó phn ng Cụng thc ca X l A C2H5CHO B CH3CHO C (CHO)2 D HCHO Cõu 30(C-08): Cht hu c X cú cụng thc phõn t C4H6O4 tỏc dng vi dung dch NaOH (un núng) theo phng trỡnh phn ng: C4H6O4 + 2NaOH 2Z + Y oxi hoỏ ht a mol Y thỡ cn va 2a mol CuO (un núng), sau phn ng to thnh a mol cht T (bit Y, Z, T l cỏc hp cht hu c) Khi lng phõn t ca T l A 44 vC B 118 vC C 82 vC D 58 vC Cõu 31(C-08): t chỏy hon ton mt ru (ancol) a chc, mch h X, thu c H2O v CO2 vi t l s mol tng ng l 3:2 Cụng thc phõn t ca X l A C3H8O2 B C2H6O C C2H6O2 D C4H10O2 Cõu 32(C-08): Oxi hoỏ ancol n chc X bng CuO (un núng), sinh mt sn phm hu c nht l xeton Y (t hi ca Y so vi khớ hiro bng 29) Cụng thc cu to ca X l A CH3-CH2-CHOH-CH3 B CH3-CHOH-CH3 C CH3-CH2-CH2-OH D CH3- CO-CH3 Cõu 33(A-09): Cho hn hp khớ X gm HCHO v H2 i qua ng s ng bt Ni nung núng Sau phn ng xy hon ton, thu c hn hp khớ Y gm hai cht hu c t chỏy ht Y thỡ thu c 11,7 gam H2O v 7,84 lớt khớ CO2 ( ktc) Phn trm theo th tớch ca H2 X l A 46,15% B 35,00% C 53,85% D 65,00% Cõu 34 (A-09): Cho hn hp X gm hai ancol a chc, mch h, thuc cựng dóy ng ng t chỏy hon ton hn hp X, thu c CO2 v H2O cú t l mol tng ng l : Hai ancol ú l A C3H5(OH)3 v C4H7(OH)3 B C2H5OH v C4H9OH C C2H4(OH)2 v C4H8(OH)2 D C2H4(OH)2 v C3H6(OH)2 Cõu 35 (A-09): Mt hp cht X cha ba nguyờn t C, H, O cú t l lng mC : mH : mO = 21 : : Hp cht X cú cụng thc n gin nht trựng vi cụng thc phõn t S ng phõn cu to thuc loi hp cht thm ng vi cụng thc phõn t ca X l A B C D Cõu 36 (A-09): Khi t chỏy hon ton m gam hn hp hai ancol no, n chc, mch h thu c V lớt khớ CO2 ( ktc) v a gam H2O Biu thc liờn h gia m, a v V l: A m = 2a - V22,4 B m = 2a - V11,2 C m = a + V5,6 D m = a - V5,6 Cõu 37 (A-09): Hp cht hu c X tỏc dng c vi dung dch NaOH v dung dch brom nhng khụng tỏc dng vi dung dch NaHCO3 Tờn gi ca X l A anilin B phenol C axit acrylic D metyl axetat Cõu 38 (A-09): un núng hn hp hai ancol n chc, mch h vi H2SO4 c, thu c hn hp gm cỏc ete Ly 7,2 gam mt cỏc ete ú em t chỏy hon ton, thu c 8,96 lớt khớ CO2 ( ktc) v 7,2 gam H2O Hai ancol ú l A C2H5OH v CH2=CH-CH2-OH C CH3OH v C3H7OH B C2H5OH v CH3OH D CH3OH v CH2=CH-CH2-OH Cõu 39 (A-09): Cú ba dung dch: amoni hirocacbonat, natri aluminat, natri phenolat v ba cht lng: ancol etylic, benzen, anilin ng sỏu ng nghim riờng bit Nu ch dựng mt thuc th nht l dung dch HCl thỡ nhn bit c ti a bao nhiờu ng nghim? A B C D Cõu 40 (A-09): Cho 0,25 mol mt anehit mch h X phn ng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 NH3, thu c 54 gam Ag Mt khỏc, cho X phn ng vi H2 d (xỳc tỏc Ni, to) thỡ 0,125 mol X phn ng ht vi 0,25 mol H2 Cht X cú cụng thc ng vi cụng thc chung l A CnH2n(CHO)2 (n 0) B CnH2n+1CHO (n 0) C CnH2n-1CHO (n 2) D CnH2n-3CHO (n 2) Cõu 41(A-09): t chỏy hon ton 0,2 mol mt ancol X no, mch h cn va 17,92 lớt khớ O2 ( ktc) Mt khỏc, nu cho 0,1 mol X tỏc dng va vi m gam Cu(OH)2 thỡ to thnh dung dch cú mu xanh lam Giỏ tr ca m v tờn gi ca X tng ng l A 9,8 v propan-1,2-iol B 4,9 v propan-1,2-iol C 4,9 v propan-1,3-iol D 4,9 v glixerol Cõu 42 (B-09): Khi cho a mol mt hp cht hu c X (cha C, H, O) phn ng hon ton vi Na hoc vi NaHCO3 thỡ u sinh a mol khớ Cht X l A etylen glicol B axit aipic C ancol o-hiroxibenzylic D axit 3-hiroxipropanoic Cõu 43 (B-09): Hp cht hu c X tỏc dng c vi dung dch NaOH un núng v vi dung dch AgNO3 NH3 Th tớch ca 3,7 gam hi cht X bng th tớch ca 1,6 gam khớ O2 (cựng iu kin v nhit v ỏp sut) Khi t chỏy hon ton gam X thỡ th tớch khớ CO2 thu c vt quỏ 0,7 lớt ( ktc) Cụng thc cu to ca X l A O=CH-CH2-CH2OH B HOOC-CHO C CH3COOCH3 D HCOOC2H5 Cõu 44 (B-09): Cho X l hp cht thm; a mol X phn ng va ht vi a lớt dung dch NaOH 1M Mt khỏc, nu cho a mol X phn ng vi Na (d) thỡ sau phn ng thu c 22,4a lớt khớ H2 ( ktc) Cụng thc cu to thu gn ca X l A HO-C6H4-COOCH3 B CH3-C6H3(OH)2 C HO-CH2-C6H4-OH D HO-C6H4-COOH Cõu 45 (B-09): Hn hp X gm axit Y n chc v axit Z hai chc (Y, Z cú cựng s nguyờn t cacbon) Chia X thnh hai phn bng Cho phn mt tỏc dng ht vi Na, sinh 4,48 lớt khớ H2 ( ktc) t chỏy hon ton phn hai, sinh 26,4 gam CO2 Cụng thc cu to thu gn v phn trm v lng ca Z hn hp X ln lt l A HOOC-CH2-COOH v 70,87% C HOOC-COOH v 60,00% B HOOC-CH2-COOH v 54,88% D HOOC-COOH v 42,86% Cõu 46 (B-09): Hai hp cht hu c X v Y l ng ng k tip, u tỏc dng vi Na v cú phn ng bc Bit phn trm lng oxi X, Y ln lt l 53,33% v 43,24% Cụng thc cu to ca X v Y tng ng l A HOCH2CHO v HOCH2CH2CHO B HOCH2CH2CHO v HOCH2CH2 CH2CHO C HOCH(CH3)CHO v HOOCCH2CHO D HCOOCH3 v HCOOCH2CH3 Cõu 47 (B-09): t chỏy hon ton mol hp cht hu c X, thu c mol CO2 Cht X tỏc dng c vi Na, tham gia phn ng bc v phn ng cng Br2 theo t l mol : Cụng thc cu to ca X l A HO-CH2-CH2-CH=CH-CHO B HOOC-CH=CH-COOH C HO-CH2-CH=CH-CHO D HO-CH2-CH2-CH2-CHO Cõu 48 (B-09): Hn hp X gm hai ancol no, n chc, mch h, k tip dóy ng ng Oxi hoỏ hon ton 0,2 mol hn hp X cú lng m gam bng CuO nhit thớch hp, thu c hn hp sn phm hu c Y Cho Y tỏc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO3 NH3, thu c 54 gam Ag Giỏ tr ca m l A 15,3 B 13,5 C 8,1 D 8,5 Cõu 49(B-09): Cho 0,04 mol mt hn hp X gm CH2=CH-COOH, CH3COOH v CH2=CH-CHO phn ng va vi dung dch cha 6,4 gam brom Mt khỏc, trung ho 0,04 mol X cn dựng va 40 ml dung dch NaOH 0,75 M Khi lng ca CH2=CH-COOH X l A 0,56 gam B 1,44 gam C 0,72 gam D 2,88 gam Cõu 50(C-09): Cho 0,1 mol hn hp X gm hai anehit no, n chc, mch h, k tip dóy ng ng tỏc dng vi lng d dung dch AgNO /NH3, un núng thu c 32,4 gam Ag.Hai anehit X l A HCHO v C2H5CHO B HCHO v CH3CHO C C2H3CHO v C3H5CHO D CH3CHO v C2H5CHO Cõu 51 (C-09): Trung ho 8,2 gam hn hp gm axit fomic v mt axit n chc X cn 100 ml dung dch NaOH 1,5M Nu cho 8,2 gam hn hp trờn tỏc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO NH3, un núng thỡ thu c 21,6 gam Ag Tờn gi ca X l A axit acrylic B axit propanoic C axit etanoic D axit metacrylic Cõu 52 (C-09): Cho cỏc cht HCl (X); C2H5OH (Y); CH3COOH (Z); C6H5OH (phenol) (T) Dóy gm cỏc cht c sp xp theo tớnh axit tng dn (t trỏi sang phi) l: A (T), (Y), (X), (Z) B (X), (Z), (T), (Y) C (Y), (T), (Z), (X) D (Y), (T), (X), (Z) Cõu 53 (C-09): Quỏ trỡnh no sau õy khụng to anehit axetic? A CH2=CH2 + H2O (to, xỳc tỏc HgSO4) B CH2=CH2 + O2 (to, xỳc tỏc) C CH3COOCH=CH2 + dung dch NaOH (to) D CH3CH2OH + CuO (to) ỏp ỏn: 1B 11A 21D 31B 41B 51A 2A 12C 22B 32A 42D 52C 3C 13C 23B 33A 43D 53A 4D 14C 24D 34C 44C 5D 15D 25C 35D 45D 6C 16D 26D 36D 46A 7A 17C 27D 37B 47C 8D 18B 28C 38D 48D 9C 19A 29A 39B 49B 10A 20D 30B 40C 50B ... Công thức cấu tạo X Y tương ứng A HO–CH2–CHO HO–CH2–CH2–CHO B HO–CH2–CH2–CHO HO–CH2–CH 2– CH2–CHO C HO–CH(CH3)–CHO HOOC–CH2–CHO D HCOOCH3 HCOOCH2–CH3 Câu 47 (B-09): Đốt cháy hoàn toàn mol hợp chất... theo tỉ lệ mol : Công thức cấu tạo X A HO-CH2-CH2-CH=CH-CHO B HOOC-CH=CH-COOH C HO-CH2-CH=CH-CHO D HO-CH2-CH2-CH2-CHO Câu 48 (B-09): Hỗn hợp X gồm hai ancol no, đơn chức, mạch hở, dãy đồng đẳng... axeton điều chế từ A xiclopropan B propan-1-ol C propan-2-ol D cumen Câu 25 (C -0 8): Cho chất sau: CH3-CH2-CHO (1), CH2=CH-CHO (2), (CH3)2CH-CHO (3), CH2=CH-CH2-OH (4) Những chất phản ứng hoàn toàn