Total Physical Response Goals of the teacher  enjoying the experience in learning to communicate in L2  reducing stress when studying foreign languages Teacher’s & Learner’s role  Teacher’s role the director of all students’ behavior  Learners’ role:  the imitators of the teacher’s nonverbal model The role of L1 & Interactions  Learners’ L1: i) used to introduce the lesson ii) rarely used later  Interactions i) T the whole class/group; individual (nonverbally) ii) Ss (verbally) T (non-verbally) iii) Ss Ss; S S Vocabulary Teaching  introduced through imperatives  objects in the immediate environment ADJ NOUN VERB ADV Grammar Teaching  Imperatives: an important role (b/c of the frequency of occurrence in speech directed at young children learning their L1)  Multi-word chunks, single word chunks introduced with imperatives e.g Stand up if you are from Asia Smile if you are wearing a T-shirt 6 Language Skills Natural Order of Skills  Listening (very important during the silent period)  Speaking (not force Ss to speak when they aren’t ready)  Reading  Writing Material & Syllabus Materials  objects around the classroom  visuals, written texts  tasks for kinaesthetic learning Syllabus  sentence based syllabus with lexical & grammatical criteria  meaning > form Language & culture; learners’ feeling  just as the acquisition of L1, oral modality is primary  culture: the lifestyle of people who speak L2 natively  not forcing Ss to speak at the beginning  silent period – important  perfection- not necessary  stress- reduced (by the use of zany commands, humorous skits of actionsenjoyable) Error correction  Errors: inevitable  Only major errors: corrected unobtrusively  at more advanced level, only minor errors corrected 10 Teaching Techniques Using Commands: major technique, getting Ss to perform action; actions meaning of command clear Role reversal: Ss command their teacher & classmates Action sequence: T issues connected commands 10 Questions  What are some characteristics of TPR that are similar to the way children acquire their native language?  One of the principles of TPR is that when student anxiety is low, language learning is enhanced How does this method lower student anxiety?  What are some advantages & limitations of TPR?