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Cuốn sách này được soạn dành cho tất cả những ai yêu quý và sưu tầm hiện vật văn bản, cũng như cho những người phụ trách những bộ sưu tập hiện vật văn bản và sách quý hiếm của tư nhân và nhà nước. Những nguyên tắc được nêu ra trong cuốn sách này có liên quan đến việc bản tồn hiện vật văn bản, cũng có thể áp dụng với sách in và tài liệu văn bản đóng thành quyển.
BOOK Manuscripts.qxp 1/25/08 6:37 PM Page S TAY HảừNG DN BO Vồ DI SN VN HùA BO QUN V CHM SùC HIồN VĩT VN BN CARE AND HANDLING OF MANUSCRIPTS BOOK Manuscripts.qxp 1/25/08 6:37 PM Page Cc că quan v c nhân c th ti bn ti liữu ny, vèi ặiu kiữn ghi r ngun, v gi xut bn phằm ặn UNESCO Paris theo ặa ch dèi ặây Ti liữu ny côn ghi r: â Bn quyn phin bn ting Anh: UNESCO 2006, Sấ tay hèng dn bo vữ di sn vđn - Tp Bo qun v Chđm sc hiữn vt vđn bn, UNESCO, Paris â Bn quyn phin bn ting Viữt: UNESCO v Cc Di sn vđn - Bẩ Vđn ha, Th thao v Du lch, 2008 Xut bn bêng ting Viữt vèi s ặng cềa UNESCO Chu trch nhiữm bn dch: Cc Di sn vđn - Bẩ Vđn ha, Th thao v Du lch v Vđn phng UNESCO H Nẩi Reproduction is authorized, providing that appropriate mention is made of the source, and copies sent to the UNESCO (Paris), address below This document should be cited as: â UNESCO, 2006 Cultural Heritage Protection Handbook No2 Care and Handling of Manuscripts, UNESCO, Paris â UNESCO & the Department of Cultural Heritage - Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism of Vietnam 2008 for the Vietnamese translation Reproduced by permission of UNESCO Translated by the Department of Cultural Heritage - Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism of Vietnam and the UNESCO Hanoi Office Chu trch nhiữn bin / Editor: Anna Paolini Bin vin / Editorial assitants: Malda Jabbour, Lise Macdonald Nẩi dung / Text by: Antonio Mirabile Ha sá / Drawings by: Beatrice Beccaro Migliorati Tấ chc Gio dc, Khoa hc v Vđn cềa Lin hiữp quậc xut bn lôn ặôu nđm 2006 Printed in 2006 by the: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 7, place de Fontenoy, 75732 Paris 07 SP, France â UNESCO 2006 (CLT/CH/MUS-06/18) BOOK Manuscripts.qxp 1/25/08 6:37 PM Page GIừI THIồU Cuận sch ny ặểc xut bn dnh cho tt c nhng su tôm v yu qu hiữn vt vđn bn, cng nh cho nhng ngi ph trch nhng bẩ su hiữn vt vđn bn v sch qu him cềa t nhân v nh nèc Nhng nguyn tổc ặểc nu cuận sch ny c lin quan ặn viữc bo tn hiữn vt vđn bn cng c th p dng vèi sch in v ti liữu vđn bn ặểc ặng thnh quyn Mẩt sậ biữn php ặểc ặa ch p dng ặểc vèi cc că quan, tấ chc ặểc trang b phăng tiữn v nhân lc ch khng phễ hểp vèi cc c nhân Song, nhng khuyn ngh ny l mẩt m hnh l tẻng m nh su côn n lc ặ thc hiữn ặểc cng nhiu cng tật INTRODUCTION This booklet is intended for all who collect and are fond of manuscripts, as well as those in charge of public or private collections of manuscripts and rare books The principles given here concerning the preservation of manuscripts can also be applied to printed books and bound documents Certain measures concern institutions with equipment and personnel not within the means of private individuals However, these recommendations constitute a sort of ideal which one should endeavour to reach as far as possible UNESCO BOOK Manuscripts.qxp 1/25/08 6:37 PM Page Hiữn vt vđn bn kiu phăng Tây / OCCIDENTAL MANUSCRIPT Gy sch Gc vung Spine / Back Squares Ra sch Edge Ch buẩc òôu gy Cord Head Vin gy 10 Di ặôu gy sch Tail 10 Headband Ba 11 G gy Board 11 Shoulder Ra trèc 12 Trang ba lt Fore edge 12 Guard-leaf UNESCO BOOK Manuscripts.qxp 1/25/08 6:37 PM Page Hiữn vt vđn bn kiu Rp / ARABIC MANUSCRIPT UNESCO Nổp ba Ba trèc Di ặôu / ặui Headband / Flap òôu gy Upper board Head Hnh gip trang tr Ba sau Vin gy Ra trèc Tail Fore edge Gy sch 10 Trang ba lt Spine 10 Guard-leaf gy sch Decoration / Tooling Endband Lower board BOOK Manuscripts.qxp 1/25/08 6:37 PM Page Th viữn v phng lu tr su LIBRARY AND RESERVE COLLECTION ROOMS Hy ặiu chnh cc thng sậ ặiu mi trng khng kh th viữn v cc phng lu tr su (vèi ặẩ ằm tăng ặậi t 50 ặn 60% v nhiữt ặẩ t 16 ặn 200C) Stabilize air-conditioning parameters in the library and reserve collection rooms (relative humidity between 50 and 60% and emperature between 16 and 200C) Thng xuyn kim tra cc thng sậ v mi trng khng kh Check air-conditioning parameters at regular intervals UNESCO BOOK Manuscripts.qxp 1/25/08 6:37 PM Page Th viữn v phng lu tr su LIBRARY AND RESERVE COLLECTION ROOMS Hy kim tra ặ ặm bo ca sấ v ca vo ặu ặểc ặng kn Check that doors and windows are tightly closed Hy s dng cc loi mn che v ca chèp ặ ti liữu khng b nh nổng mt tri chiu vo Use blinds, screens and shutters to protect documents against sunlight UNESCO BOOK Manuscripts.qxp 1/25/08 6:37 PM Page Th viữn v phng lu tr su LIBRARY AND RESERVE COLLECTION ROOMS Che tt c nhng ch trậng bêng lèi S dng loi c mổt lèi phễ hểp ặ ngđn chn cn trễng thâm nhp, ặng thi ặm bo khng kh lu thng Fit all openings with a grid Use a grid with sufficiently fine mesh to keep insects out while not restricting airflow Khng cho cc ặng ậng dn chy qua th viữn v cc phng lu tr Chuằn b k hoch di di khằn cp ặ p dng trng hểp xy ngp lt Pipes and ducts should not pass through library and reserve rooms Provide an emergency evacuation plan to be applied in the event of flooding UNESCO BOOK Manuscripts.qxp 1/25/08 6:37 PM Page Th viữn v phng lu tr su LIBRARY AND RESERVE COLLECTION ROOMS Cch ly {*} cc hữ thậng ặiữn, trnh ặ hẻ dây dn ặiữn Insulate {*} electrical systems, avoiding loose wires Trang b sn cc thit b pht hiữn v chậng hãa hon; v xc ặnh cc biữn php x l hãa hon Provide fire detection and fighting equipment; define measures to be taken at outbreak of fire UNESCO BOOK Manuscripts.qxp 1/25/08 6:37 PM Page Th viữn v phng lu tr su LIBRARY AND RESERVE COLLECTION ROOMS Thng xuyn tin hnh vữ sinh th viữn v cc phng lu tr Ht sch bi bêng my ht bi chân khng c trang b lc, sau ặ lau li bêng khđn ằm (mi tuôn mẩt lôn) Clean library and reserve rooms at regular intervals Remove dust with vacuum cleaners fitted with total filtration, then wipe with damp floorcloth (once a week) Thng xuyn kim tra cc phng lu tr v hiữn vt vđn bn Hy hun cho nhân vin cch pht hiữn mậc, bi, v chuẩt b cc phng lu tr v hiữn vt vđn bn Inspect reserve rooms and manuscripts at regular intervals Train personnel to inspect reserve rooms and manuscripts regularly for mould, dust, insects and rodents UNESCO BOOK Manuscripts.qxp 1/25/08 6:37 PM Page 29 Vn chuyn TRANSPORT Phi ặm bo hiữn vt khng b nh khãi xe ặằy chuyn Make sure that manuscripts not protrude over side of trolley Khng ặểc chng sch c kch thèc lèn ln trn sch c kch thèc nhã hăn Viữc xem nhó li khuyn ny c th dn ặn viữc sch b ặnh răi xuậng sn chuyn Never place a large volume on a smaller one Non-observance of this recommendation may cause the large book to fall on the floor during transport UNESCO 29 BOOK Manuscripts.qxp 1/25/08 6:37 PM Page 30 Vn chuyn TRANSPORT Khi chuyn hiữn vt bn ngoi (ặn mẩt ta nh khc), hy s dng hẩp cha ặểc ặng kn For any extramural transport (into another building), use hermetically sealing boxes Tra cu CONSULTATION Khng ặểc s dng nhng hiữn vt c tnh trng kọm cho viữc tra cu{*} Do not leave manuscripts in poor condition available for consultation{*} 30 UNESCO BOOK Manuscripts.qxp 1/25/08 6:37 PM Page 31 Tra cu CONSULTATION Hy gièi thiữu nhng quy ặnh că bn v viữc côm nổm hiữn vt Thc hiữn gim st cht ch phng tra cu Display the basic rules for handling Provide for surveillance of consultation room Hy v lau kh tay trèc côm nổm hiữn vt vđn bn Wash and dry hands before handling manuscripts UNESCO 31 BOOK Manuscripts.qxp 1/25/08 6:37 PM Page 32 Tra cu CONSULTATION Khng ặểc đn uậng hoc ht thuậc l th viữn hoc phng ặc Do not drink, eat or smoke in library or reading room ò tra cu trn mẩt hiữn vt vđn bn, ặt ti liữu nêm trn mt bn trậng, hoc s dng mẩt dng c ặẽ sch phễ hểp vèi kch thèc cềa sch To consult a manuscript, lay it on a clean table free of any object, or use a book-rest suited to size of volume 32 UNESCO BOOK Manuscripts.qxp 1/25/08 6:37 PM Page 33 Tra cu CONSULTATION Thc hiữn tng bèc mẻ ti liữu òt sch ln bn Open the manuscript gradually Lay it on a table trèc tin, lt sch t cc trang gia first open the centre pages UNESCO 33 BOOK Manuscripts.qxp 1/25/08 6:37 PM Page 34 Tra cu CONSULTATION .sau ặ lt v cc trang ặôu then go back to the beginning Khng ặểc ặt hiữn vt ẻ gôn ca sấ v khng ặ nh nổng mt tri chiu thng ln hiữn vt Do not place manuscripts facing a window and not expose to direct sunlight 34 UNESCO BOOK Manuscripts.qxp 1/25/08 6:37 PM Page 35 Tra cu CONSULTATION Khng ặểc chng cc hiữn vt vđn bn ặang mẻ ln Do not stack open manuscripts Tuyữt ặậi khng ặểc xọ hoc cổt cc trang sch Do not tear or cut pages UNESCO 35 BOOK Manuscripts.qxp 1/25/08 6:37 PM Page 36 Tra cu CONSULTATION Khng ặểc ặnh du ln hiữn vt vđn bn bêng bt c cch no hoc vt g (ghim kóp giy, kim, giy dn, mc, bt bi, mc xa, bt lng) hoc gp gc trang, v.v Do not mark manuscripts in any way whatever (paper clip, needle, post-it đ, ink, ballpoint pen, correction fluid, marker) or turn down the corner of a page, etc Ch cho phọp s dng bt ch ặ ghi chọp To write down notes, only pencils are authorized 36 UNESCO BOOK Manuscripts.qxp 1/25/08 6:37 PM Page 37 Tra cu CONSULTATION Khng ặểc t tay ln hiữn vt vđn bn ặc hoc ghi chọp Do not lean on manuscripts while reading them or taking notes Khng ặểc chm vo cc hnh trang tr/minh ha, cc trang vit tay v nhng ch in trn sch Do not touch illuminations/illustrations, or manuscript and printed areas UNESCO 37 BOOK Manuscripts.qxp 1/25/08 6:37 PM Page 38 Tra cu CONSULTATION Khng ặểc chp hoc chp nh hiữn vt vđn bn m khng c s ặng cềa chề sẻ hu hoc ngi c trch nhiữm Do not photocopy manuscripts or take pictures without the consent of the owner or person responsible Hy ặng ti liữu li sau tra cu xong Close the manuscript after consultation 38 UNESCO BOOK Manuscripts.qxp 1/25/08 6:37 PM Page 39 Trng by DISPLAY Hy kim tra tnh trng bo qun cềa hiữn vt vđn bn trèc thc hiữn trng by Check state of preservation of manuscripts before displaying them òậi vèi hiữn vt tnh trng tật, thi gian trng by tậi ặa l mẩt thng mi nđm If they are in good condition, you may expose them for a maximum of one month each year UNESCO 39 BOOK Manuscripts.qxp 1/25/08 6:37 PM Page 40 Trng by DISPLAY Hy ặt ch ặẩ ặiu khng kh phễ hểp cho phng trng by (ặẩ ằm tăng ặậi khong t 50 ặn 60% v nhiữt ặẩ trung bnh t 16 ặn 20oC) Set the display room air conditioning parameters (relative humidity between 50 and 60% and temperature between 16 and 20oC) Hy trng by hiữn vt vđn bn cc tề trng by chổc chổn Display manuscripts in safe showcases 40 UNESCO BOOK Manuscripts.qxp 1/25/08 6:37 PM Page 41 Trng by DISPLAY Hy lổp ặt cc tm knh cềa tề trng by { } vèi cc tm cch nhiữt { } v lc tia cc tm { } Fit showcase panes { } with anticaloric { } and UV { } filters Hy lổp ặt ngun chiu sng bn ngoi tề trng by Place light source outside showcase UNESCO 41 BOOK Manuscripts.qxp 1/25/08 6:37 PM Page 42 Trng by DISPLAY Cng ặẩ chiu sang tậi ặa l 50 lux (ặăn v chiu sng) The intensity of the light shall be limited to 50 Lux Hy trng by hiữn vt vđn bn trn cc gi ặẽ ặểc lm bêng hoc ặểc lt bêng giy ba trung tnh Display manuscripts on book-rests made of or lined with neutral cardboard 42 UNESCO BOOK Manuscripts.qxp 1/25/08 6:37 PM Page 43 Trng by DISPLAY Hiữn vt phi ặểc gi vng bêng cc bđng vi pliexte theo chiu nghing cềa hiữn vt The manuscript should be held open by polyester ribbons adapted to the profile of the manuscript Gc mẻ trang sch khng ặểc vểt qu 1200, v gc nghing so vèi mt phng nêm ngang khng ặểc vểt qu 200 The opening angle shall not exceed 120 and the tilting angle, with respect to the horizontal plane, shall not exceed 20 UNESCO 43