Astronomy A BEGINNER’S GUIDE TO THE UNIVERSE EIGHTH EDITION CHAPTER Light and Matter Clickers © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc Question Which of these is NOT a form of electromagnetic radiation? a) b) c) d) e) © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc Gamma rays Infrared Sound Visible light Radio Question Which of these is NOT a form of electromagnetic radiation? a) b) c) d) e) Gamma rays Infrared Sound Visible light Radio Explanation: Sound comes from pressure waves; all others are types of electromagnetic radiation of different wavelengths © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc Question The distance between successive wave crests defines the _ of a wave a) b) c) d) e) © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc wavelength frequency period amplitude energy Question The distance between successive wave crests defines the _ of a wave a) b) c) d) e) wavelength frequency period amplitude energy Explanation: Light can range from short-wavelength gamma rays to long-wavelength radio waves © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc Question The frequency at which a star’s intensity is greatest depends directly on its a) b) c) d) e) © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc radius mass magnetic field temperature direction of motion Question The frequency at which a star’s intensity is greatest depends directly on its a) b) c) d) e) radius mass magnetic field temperature direction of motion Explanation: Wien’s law means that hotter stars produce much more high-frequency light © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc Question Rigel appears as a bright bluish star, whereas Betelgeuse appears as a bright reddish star Rigel is _ Betelgeuse a) b) c) d) e) cooler than the same temperature as Betelgeuse older than hotter than The constellation ORION more massive than Rigel © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc Question Rigel appears as a bright bluish star, whereas Betelgeuse appears as a bright reddish star Rigel is _ Betelgeuse a) b) c) d) e) cooler than the same temperature as Betelgeuse older than hotter than The constellation ORION more massive than Rigel Explanation: Hotter stars look bluer in color; cooler stars look redder © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc Question If a light source is approaching you, you will observe that a) b) c) d) e) © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc its spectral lines are redshifted the light is much brighter its spectral lines are shorter in wavelength the amplitude of its waves has increased its photons have increased in speed Question If a light source is approaching you, you will observe that a) b) c) d) e) its spectral lines are redshifted the light is much brighter its spectral lines are shorter in wavelength the amplitude of its waves has increased its photons have increased in speed Explanation: The Doppler shift explains that wavelengths from sources approaching us are blueshifted © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc Question The wavelengths of emission lines produced by an element a) b) c) d) e) © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc depend on its temperature are identical to its absorption lines depend on its density are different from its absorption lines depend on its intensity Question The wavelengths of emission lines produced by an element a) b) c) d) e) depend on its temperature are identical to its absorption lines depend on its density are different from its absorption lines depend on its intensity Explanation: Elements absorb or emit the same wavelengths of light based on their electron energy levels © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc Question Analyzing a star’s spectral lines can tell us about all of these EXCEPT its a) b) c) d) e) © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc composition surface temperature transverse (side-to-side) motion rotation density Question Analyzing a star’s spectral lines can tell us about all of these EXCEPT its a) b) c) composition surface temperature transverse (side-toside) motion d) e) rotation density Explanation: Only motion toward or away from us influences a star’s spectral lines Spectra can also tell us about a star’s magnetic field © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc Question What types of electromagnetic radiation from space reach the surface of Earth? a) b) c) d) e) © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc radio waves and microwaves X-rays and ultraviolet light infrared and gamma rays visible light and radio waves visible and ultraviolet light Question What types of electromagnetic radiation from space reach the surface of Earth? a) b) c) d) e) radio waves and microwaves X-rays and ultraviolet light infrared and gamma rays visible light and radio waves visible and ultraviolet light Explanation: Earth’s atmosphere allows radio waves and visible light to reach the ground © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc Question Which of the following has a fundamentally different nature than the other four? a) b) c) d) e) © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc Proton Electron Neutron Atomic nucleus Photon Question Which of the following has a fundamentally different nature than the other four? a) b) c) d) e) Proton Electron Neutron Atomic nucleus Photon Explanation: Photons are packages of light energy Protons, neutrons, and electrons are particles of matter within an atomic nucleus © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc  ... electromagnetic radiation from space reach the surface of Earth? a) b) c) d) e) radio waves and microwaves X-rays and ultraviolet light infrared and gamma rays visible light and radio waves visible and... © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc radio waves and microwaves X-rays and ultraviolet light infrared and gamma rays visible light and radio waves visible and ultraviolet light Question What types of... lines Spectra can also tell us about a star’s magnetic field © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc Question What types of electromagnetic radiation from space reach the surface of Earth? a) b) c) d)