Career Development Interventions 5th Edition Spence G Niles and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Publisher to insert cover image here Chapter Using Technology to Support Career Counseling and Planning Developed by: Jennifer Del Corso Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Information and Communication Technologies (ICT): Current Trends • Almost all systems and applications are Web based rather than installed on individual computers or networks • Ever-expanding use of graphics, audio, and streaming video • Multiple linkages to other Web sites • Use of e-portfolios • Increased capability to store documents such as certificates, resumes, cover letters Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Nile and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Information and Communication Technologies (ICT): Current Trends • Differentiated information targeted to specific audiences (i.e students in grades 5-6, grades 7-8m, high school, postsecondary; adult workers; parents; administrators and counselors) • Trend towards no-fee Websites funded by departments of education, labor, economic development, and/or commerce at the state, national, and international level Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Nile and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved (cont.) Information and Communication Technologies (ICT): Current Trends • Increased trend to incorporate communication via social media • Using social media to network and job search • Trend to provide career planning tools via tablets and smartphones Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Nile and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved (cont.) Advantages of Using the Internet for Career Guidance • System is available 24/7 • Potential to serve a larger audience • E-portfolio can be developed and maintained (i.e certificates, resumes, transcripts) • Databases can be updated more frequently Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Nile and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Advantages of Using the Internet for Career Guidance (cont.) • Can seamlessly integrate Internet resources and e-mail communication • Counselors can communicate with system users while they are online • Web-based services via computers, tablets, and smartphone are common practice worldwide Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Nile and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Virtual Career Centers • Virtual career centers are websites that bring together various websites into an organized fashion • Advantage : free or low cost and are not subject to the licensing agreements of other integrated career planning systems • Disadvantage: lack the capability to guide a user from one activity to the next , unable to store assessment info, not allow counselors to communicate with the users via email, cell phone or notes posted on their portfolios Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Nile and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Types of Career Sources Online • • • • • • Stand-alone Web Sites Integrated Career Planning Systems Virtual Career Centers Mobile Phone Applications Social Networking/Social Media Distance Counseling Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Nile and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Stand-Alone Web Sites • There are hundreds, if not thousands, of single-purpose Web sites that address some part of the career planning process Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Nile and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Integrated Career Planning Systems • Integrated career planning systems are developed to integrate various content topics into one system (e.g an interest inventory, searchable occupational database, searchable national postsecondary school database, a resume writer, and a database of job opening) • Users can use parts of the integrated career planning system independently or together depending on their specific needs Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Nile and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Mobile Phone Applications • Smart phones are now delivering career planning information and support worldwide • Due to the screen size on the phones, career guidance systems must be delivered in small packages • Instead of receiving formal reports, assessment results can be sent via text Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Nile and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Social Networking • Newest phenomenon related to the use of technology • Web-based social networking sites allow users to create a profile and provide as much personal and professional information as possible from which they can socially connect or network with other individuals (e.g Facebook, LinkedIn, MySpace) • Public profiles are used by employers to search job applicants, therefore information posted on one’s “wall” or profile page should be examined to safeguard one’s image Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Nile and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Two Types of Social Media Sites • Type 1: Social Networking sites to connect with others such as Facebook and MySpace • Type 2: Professional social networking sites such as LinkedIn which allows companies to post jobs and allows users to post resume information Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Nile and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Strategies for Using Social Media • Search yourself on Google to see the links associated with your name and upload documents that would expand your Internet image (or “brand”) • Upload professional resumes or profilesconsider using a video resume • Make sure postings are consistent in content • Get as many connections and endorsements on LinkedIn as possible Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Nile and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Strategies for Using Social Media • Focus on specific employers and jobs; your research prior to interview • Attempt to gain direct electronic contact with hiring manager at company to cultivate the relationship • Consider creating Web Logs (called “blogs”) in which you can journal professional topics Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Nile and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved (cont.) Distance Counseling • Provides counseling to a client by a qualified professional via the Internet • Experience and research are insufficient at this time to allow an evaluation of its effectiveness • Uses video conferences or email • Ethical guidelines for distance counseling has been developed by NBCC Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Nile and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Ethical Guidelines for ICT • Four professional organizations have developed ethical guidelines for the use of ICT in career counseling and guidance: • American Counseling Association (ACA) • International Association for Educational and Vocational Guidance (IAEVG) • National Board for Certified Counselors (NBCC) • National Career Development Association (NCDA) Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Nile and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved How to Select Web Sites and Integrated Career Planning Systems • theoretical base of the system, if any • presence of online inventories and/or capability to take assessment inventories online and/or enter the results of an assessment taken in print form • quality and comprehensiveness of databases • ease of searches Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Nile and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved How to Select Web Sites and Integrated Career Planning Systems • comprehensiveness of system content • user-friendliness and appeal • multimedia capabilities • quality and track record of vendor Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Nile and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved (cont.) Adding High Touch to High Tech • Computer programs alone cannot effectively serve the career planning needs of students/clients because:  they may have needs that are masked under the rubric of career concerns  some individuals not profit from services provided by computer because of their learning or personality style • Some clients are not ready to receive information because of lack of readiness to process it effectively  research indicates that the most effective career intervention is a combination of computer and counselor Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Nile and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Counselor Competencies Needed • Detailed knowledge of the system or site • Capability to diagnose the user’s needs and capability to profit from use of technology • Capability to motivate user to invest time • Capability to help the client process the data into meaningful information • Capability to move user beyond information to an action plan Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Nile and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Counselor Responsibilities • Determine readiness of the client to use a computer system effectively • Expand on the interpretation of assessment • Assist individuals to identify values that guide decision making • Provide motivation and emotional support • Suggest creative alternatives Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Nile and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Counselor-Computer Models • One-to-one counseling + computer-based system or website(s) • Group guidance + computer-based system or website(s) • Group counseling + computer-based system or website(s) • Cybercounseling + use of assigned websites Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Nile and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Issues Related to Use of ICT • Environment - lack of face-to-face contact and warm counseling environment • Presenting Problems - need to discern which can be dealt with in this mode • Clients - need to discern who can profit from service in this mode Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Nile and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Issues Related to Use of ICT (cont.) • Security - need to protect confidentiality • Counselor Training - need to identify competencies and train for them • Supportive services - need to discern when to refer Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Nile and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved ... media to network and job search • Trend to provide career planning tools via tablets and smartphones Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Nile and JoAnn E Harris -Bowlsbey Copyright... (NBCC) • National Career Development Association (NCDA) Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Nile and JoAnn E Harris -Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education,... effective career intervention is a combination of computer and counselor Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Nile and JoAnn E Harris -Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson