Title AS/NZS 3500.4.2:1997 National Plumbing and Drainage - Hot water supply systems Acceptable solutions Licensee Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 26 Feb 2002 Conditions of use This is a licensed electronic copy of a document where copyright is owned or managed by Standards Australia International Your licence is a single user licence and the document may not be stored, transferred or otherwise distributed on a network You may also make one paper copy of this document if required Web Check-up AS/NZS 3500.4.2:1997 Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 26 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited Australian/New Zealand Standard National Plumbing and Drainage Part 4.2: Hot water supply systems—Acceptable solutions AS/NZS 3500.4.2:1997 This Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard was prepared by Joint Technical Committee WS/14, National Plumbing and Drainage Code It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 22 August 1997 and on behalf of the Council of Standards New Zealand on 22 August 1997 It was published on October 1997 Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 26 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited The following interests are represented on Committee WS/14: Association of Hydraulic Services Consultants, Australia AUSTAP Australian Association of Certification Bodies Australian Building Codes Board Australian Chamber of Manufactures Australian Gas Association Brisbane Water Department of Land and Water Conservation, N.S.W Department of Lands Planning and Environment, N.T Department of Environment and Land Management, Tas Department of Urban Services, A.C.T Electricity Supply Association of Australia Gas Appliance Manufacturers Association of Australia Housing Industry Association, Australia Master Builders Australia Master Plumbers Australia Metal Trades Industry Association of Australia National Association Sanitary Plumbing and Drainage Contractors, Australia New Zealand Manufacturers Federation New Zealand Society of Master Plumbers and Gasfitters Plastics and Chemicals Industry Association, Australia Plumbers, Gasfitters and Drainlayers Board of New Zealand Queensland Department of Local Government and Planning South Australian Water Corporation South Australian Health Commission Sydney Water Corporation Review of Standards To keep abreast of progress in industry, Joint Australian/ New Zealand Standards are subject to periodic review and are kept up to date by the issue of amendments or new editions as necessary It is important therefore that Standards users ensure that they are in possession of the latest edition, and any amendments thereto Full details of all Joint Standards and related publications will be found in the Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand Catalogue of Publications; this information is supplemented each month by the magazines ‘The Australian Standard’ and ‘Standards New Zealand’, which subscribing members receive, and which give details of new publications, new editions and amendments, and of withdrawn Standards Suggestions for improvements to Joint Standards, addressed to the head office of either Standards Australia or Standards New Zealand, are welcomed Notification of any inaccuracy or ambiguity found in a Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard should be made without delay in order that the matter may be investigated and appropriate action taken This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 96401 AS/NZS 3500.4.2:1997 Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 26 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited Australian/New Zealand Standard National Plumbing and Drainage Part 4.2: Hot water supply systems—Acceptable solutions Originated in part as AS CA51— 1968 Previous edition AS 3500.4— 1994 Jointly revised and redesignated AS/NZS 3500.4.2:1997 PUBLISHED JOINTLY BY: STANDARDS AUSTRALIA The Crescent, Homebush NSW 2140 Australia STANDARDS NEW ZEALAND Level 10, Radio New Zealand House, 155 The Terrace, Wellington 6001 New Zealand ISBN 7337 1451 X AS/NZS 3500.4.2:1997 PREFACE This Standard was prepared by the Joint Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand Committee WS/14, National Plumbing and Drainage Code, to supersede AS 3500.4 — 1994 The object of this revision is to issue it as a Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard with minimum deemed-to-satisfy requirements and incorporate amendments and additions arising from industry requirements compatible with legislation of authorities who can enforce regulations and authorize products for connection to their systems Noise levels have not been included as progress on a unified method of analysis has not been agreed upon and require further research Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 26 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited Attention is drawn to the publication of SAA Rul PL/1, Rulings to Australia/New Zealand Plumbing and Drainage Code Where Rulings significance are issued, they will be available from Standards Australia subscription service When rulings are included in an amendment, the specific be withdrawn at the time of publication of the amendment Enquiries should be Standards Australia the Joint of public through a ruling will directed to The terms ‘normative’ and ‘informative’ have been used in this Standard to define the application of the appendix to which they apply A ‘normative’ appendix is an integral part of a Standard, whereas an ‘informative’ appendix is only for information and guidance  Copyright STANDARDS AUSTRALIA/ STANDARDS NEW ZEALAND Users of Standards are reminded that copyright subsists in all Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand publications and software Except where the Copyright Act allows and except where provided for below no publications or software produced by Standards Australia or Standards New Zealand may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system in any form or transmitted by any means without prior permission in writing from Standards Australia or Standards New Zealand Permission may be conditional on an appropriate royalty payment Australian requests for permission and information on commercial software royalties should be directed to the head office of Standards Australia New Zealand requests should be directed to Standards New Zealand Up to 10 percent of the technical content pages of a Standard may be copied for use exclusively in-house by purchasers of the Standard without payment of a royalty or advice to Standards Australia or Standards New Zealand Inclusion of copyright material in computer software programs is also permitted without royalty payment provided such programs are used exclusively in-house by the creators of the programs Care should be taken to ensure that material used is from the current edition of the Standard and that it is updated whenever the Standard is amended or revised The number and date of the Standard should therefore be clearly identified The use of material in print form or in computer software programs to be used commercially, with or without payment, or in commercial contracts is subject to the payment of a royalty This policy may be varied by Standards Australia or Standards New Zealand at any time AS/NZS 3500.4.2:1997 CONTENTS Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 26 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited Page FOREWORD SECTION SCOPE AND GENERAL 1.1 SCOPE AND APPLICATION 1.2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 1.3 DEFINITIONS 1.4 WATER QUALITY 1.5 EQUIVALENT PIPE SIZES 1.6 WATER TEMPERATURE 7 7 8 SECTION MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS 2.1 SCOPE OF SECTION 2.2 AUTHORIZATION 2.3 LIMITS ON USE OF PIPES AND FITTINGS 2.4 CISTERN (COLD WATER STORAGE TANK) MATERIALS 2.5 SAFE TRAY AND SAFE WASTE MATERIALS 2.6 JOINTING 2.7 BEDDING AND BACKFILL 2.8 MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS 9 11 11 11 12 12 SECTION INSTALLATION OF COLD AND HOT WATER PIPING AND CONTROLS 3.1 SCOPE OF SECTION 3.2 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS 3.3 METHODS OF JOINTING 3.4 SUPPORT AND FIXING ABOVE GROUND 3.5 LOCATION OF PIPING 3.6 PIPES IN WATER-CHARGED OR FILLED GROUND 3.7 CROSS-CONNECTION CONTROL AND BACKFLOW PREVENTION 3.8 CONTAMINATED AREAS 3.9 CORROSIVE AREAS 3.10 DEPTH OF COVER IN PUBLIC AREAS 3.11 DEPTH OF COVER IN PRIVATE AREAS 3.12 PROTECTION AGAINST FREEZING 3.13 COLD WATER PIPING AND CISTERNS 3.14 INSTALLATION OF HOT WATER SUPPLY 3.15 TEMPERATURE CONTROL DEVICES 3.16 THERMOSTATIC MIXING VALVES 13 13 13 15 15 17 17 17 17 18 18 18 20 23 26 26 SECTION INSTALLATION OF WATER HEATERS— GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 4.1 SCOPE OF SECTION 4.2 WATER HEATERS 4.3 LOCATION 4.4 PROTECTION AGAINST DAMAGE FROM LEAKING WATER 4.5 SUPPORT 28 28 28 28 30 AS/NZS 3500.4.2:1997 Page 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 4.11 4.12 Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 26 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited 4.13 CORROSION PREVENTION AND WEATHER PROTECTION CONNECTIONS TO WATER HEATERS PRESSURE RELIEF AND VENTING OF WATER HEATERS AND CONTAINERS VALVES MULTIPLE INSTALLATIONS OF PRESSURE-TYPE STORAGE WATER HEATERS MULTIPLE INSTANTANEOUS WATER HEATERS TEMPERATURE/PRESSURE/RELIEF AND EXPANSION CONTROL VALVE DRAIN LINES VENT PIPES 31 31 31 32 39 41 41 42 SECTION INSTALLATION OF SOLAR WATER HEATERS 5.1 SCOPE OF SECTION 5.2 GENERAL 5.3 INSTALLATION OF SOLAR WATER HEATER CONTAINER 5.4 INSTALLATION OF COLLECTORS 5.5 INSTALLATION OF CLOSE-COUPLED AND INTEGRAL SOLAR WATER HEATERS 5.6 THERMOSIPHON FLOW SOLAR WATER HEATERS WITH REMOTE CONTAINERS 5.7 SOLAR WATER HEATERS WITH FORCED PRIMARY CIRCULATION 5.8 SOLAR WATER HEATERS USED AS PREHEATERS 5.9 MULTIPLE SOLAR WATER HEATERS INSTALLATIONS 5.10 SUPPLEMENTARY HEATING 57 58 59 60 60 SECTION ENERGY SOURCES AND HEAT RETENTION 6.1 SCOPE OF SECTION 6.2 CONTROLLED ENERGY SOURCES 6.3 WATER HEATERS WITH UNCONTROLLED ENERGY SOURCE 6.4 HEAT RETENTION 63 63 63 64 53 53 53 54 57 SECTION HOT WATER SERVICES FOR THE DISABLED 7.1 SCOPE OF SECTION 66 7.2 GENERAL 66 SECTION TESTING AND COMMISSIONING 8.1 SCOPE OF SECTION 8.2 FLUSHING 8.3 TESTING 8.4 COMMISSIONING 8.5 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS 67 67 67 67 67 SECTION OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE 9.1 SCOPE OF SECTION 68 9.2 GENERAL 68 9.3 MAINTENANCE OF HOT WATER SERVICES 68 AS/NZS 3500.4.2:1997 Page Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 26 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited APPENDICES A REFERENCED DOCUMENTS B WATER ANALYSIS C TYPICAL RATES OF FLOW D PREFERRED SIZES OF PIPE FOR NON-CIRCULATORY AVERAGE SINGLE-STOREY TYPE HOUSEHOLD INSTALLATIONS (Copper tube complying with AS 1432 or NZS 3501) E RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE INSTALLATION OF UNRATED SOLAR HOT WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS F RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE INSTALLATION OF CLOSE-COUPLED AND INTEGRAL SOLAR HOT WATER SYSTEMS ON ROOFS G SOLAR HOT WATER SYSTEMS SUGGESTED COMPONENT SIZES (UNRATED SYSTEMS) H ESTIMATION OF SHADING OF COLLECTORS I EFFECT OF INCLINATION AND ORIENTATION ON SYSTEM PERFORMANCE J MAP OF REGIONAL BASIC DESIGN WIND SPEEDS 69 72 73 74 75 76 79 84 89 98 AS/NZS 3500.4.2:1997 FOREWORD STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS Attention requirements with respect to — is drawn to the relevant statutory (a) the qualifications of persons permitted by law to hot water plumbing; (b) the administrative procedures to be followed by persons performing hot water installation; and (c) the authorization of materials, products, fixtures, fittings and other components for connection to water supply systems Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 26 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited PROVISION FOR REVISION This Standard necessarily deals with existing conditions, but is not intended to discourage invention or to exclude materials, equipment and methods which may be developed in future Revisions will be made from time to time in view of such developments and amendments to this edition will be made only when absolutely necessary AS/NZS 3500.4.2:1997 STANDARDS AUSTRALIA/STANDARDS NEW ZEALAND Australian/New Zealand Standard National Plumbing and Drainage Part 4.2: Hot water supply systems— Acceptable solutions S E C T I O N S CO P E A N D G E NE R A L 1.1 SCOPE AND APPLICATION This Standard sets out the requirements for the installation of domestic-type water heaters using potable water It includes aspects of the installation from, and including, the valve(s) on the cold water inlet to any cistern or water heater and the downstream fixtures and fittings This Standard applies to new installations as well as alterations, additions and repairs to existing installations Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 26 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited This Standard applies to the installation of the following types of water heaters which comply with Clause 4.2.1 or Clause 5.3.1: (a) Electric storage water heaters with a rated delivery of up to 630 L per heater (b) Other types of storage water heaters with a capacity of up to 700 L per heater (c) Heat exchange water heaters in accordance with AS 1361 NOTE: The reference to AS 1361 is made to positively identify the particular type of heat exchange water heater to which this Standard applies (d) Instantaneous water heaters (e) Other authorized water heaters Illustrations used in this Standard are diagrammatic only and have been chosen without prejudice Construction of hot water supply installations in accordance with this Standard is deemed to satisfy the requirements of AS 3500.4.1 and Clause G12, Water Supplies of the New Zealand Building Code 1.2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS The documents referred to in this Standard are listed in Appendix A 1.3 DEFINITIONS For the purpose of this Standard the definitions AS/NZS 3500.0 and those below apply 1.3.1 given in Acceptable solution —deemed to satisfy 1.3.2 Deemed to satisfy —where a provision states that the use of a particular material, component, method of construction or design satisfies a performance requirement of this Standard An equivalent material, component, method or design may be used if its meets the level of performance prescribed by the provisions concerned 1.3.3 Container —the vessel, including fittings, in which the heated water is stored; sometimes referred to as a storage container, cylinder or tank 1.4 WATER QUALITY Water quality can have a significant effect on the performance and life of water heaters Information on water quality may usually be obtained from the local water supply utility Where water heaters are deemed unsuitable for connection to a town water supply, advice shall be sought from the manufacturer who may request a water sample for analysis (See Appendix B.) COPYRIGHT AS/NZS 3500.4.2:1997 84 APPENDIX H ESTIMATION OF SHADING OF COLLECTORS (Informative) Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 26 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited H1 GENERAL In order to be able to assess whether or not collectors will be subject to shading during the year, it is necessary to know the solar altitude for the installation location when the sun is at its lowest, i.e in midwinter As most of the useful solar radiation is received within h either side of solar noon for any system installed at or near the recommended orientation and inclination, any significant shading of collectors in these hours, i.e 9.00 a.m to 3.00 p.m standard time, will affect the performance of such a system, and should be avoided in locating the unit Table H1 lists the solar altitude at midwinter for various locations in Australia and New Zealand By checking the solar altitude, as observed at the lower edge of the collectors, the installer can determine whether or not nearby buildings, trees or other obstructions will cast a shadow on the collector, For example, if a building, observed from the base of the collectors, is above the midwinter solar altitude, then that building will cast a shadow on the collectors TABLE H1 SOLAR ALTITUDE AT MIDWINTER Solar altitude, degrees Latitude, degrees 9.00 a.m Noon 3.00 p.m Darwin Brisbane Perth 12 27 32 33.5 23.4 19.8 54.5 39.5 34.5 33.5 23.4 19.8 Sydney Adelaide/Canberra Auckland 34 35 37 18.3 17.6 16.1 32.5 31.5 29.5 18.3 17.6 16.1 Melbourne Devonport Wellington 38 41 41 15.4 13.2 13.2 28.5 25.6 25.5 15.4 13.7 13.2 Hobart Christchurch Invercargill 43 43.5 46 11.7 11.2 9.0 23.6 23.0 20.0 11.7 11.2 9.0 City H2 SUN LOCATER The midwinter solar altitude may be checked using a commercial ‘sun locater’ However, a simple solar altitude sight may be constructed from the diagram in Figure H1 for Australia and Figure H2 for New Zealand The diagram may be glued to cardboard, or preferably reproduced to a larger scale on cardboard, and then cut out and assembled An assembled sight is shown in Figure H3 The solar altitude sight is used by aligning the arrow due north, using a compass or map, and with the base of the sight horizontal, sighting the 9.00 a.m., noon and 3.00 p.m positions of the winter sun, from a viewpoint near the base of the solar collectors Any objects which can be seen above the sight will cast a shadow on the collector in winter The use of the solar altitude sight is shown in Figure H3 85 AS/NZS 3500.4.2:1997 Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 26 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited H3 APPROXIMATE METHOD OF DETERMINING SOLAR ALTITUDE In the absence of a solar altitude sight, the midwinter solar altitude can be estimated by eye, using the fact that a closed fist extended at arm’s length from the head subtends approximately 10° at the eye (see Figure H4), as follows: (a) Select a viewpoint close to the lower edge of the collectors, and face due north (b) Extend one arm with the index finger in line between your eye and the true horizon (c) Make a closed fist with your other hand, place it upright on top of the extended index finger; this gives a solar altitude of 10° (d) Place the second fist on top of the first, which gives 20°, and so on Then, using Table H1, estimate the altitude of the noon sun in midwinter and note any likely shading (e) Repeat this procedure facing N-E and N-W to estimate the midwinter solar altitude at 9.00 a.m and 3.00 p.m., respectively, using the data from Table H1 Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 26 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited AS/NZS 3500.4.2:1997 FIGURE H1 86 MIDWINTER SOLAR ALTITUDE SIGHT (AUSTRALIA) Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 26 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited 87 FIGURE H2 AS/NZS 3500.4.2:1997 MID-WINTER SOLAR ALTITUDE SIGHT (NEW ZEALAND) Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 26 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited AS/NZS 3500.4.2:1997 88 FIGURE H3 FIGURE H4 USE OF SOLAR ALTITUDE SIGHT ‘FIST’ METHOD OF ESTIMATING SOLAR ALTITUDE 89 AS/NZS 3500.4.2:1997 APPENDIX I EFFECT OF INCLINATION AND ORIENTATION ON SYSTEM PERFORMANCE (Informative) This Appendix provides a series of figures (Figures I1 to I9) showing the effect on system performance of variations in collector inclinations for different orientations of the collector The graphs were plotted using data generated by the ‘Sunbear’ solar simulation program with radiation data appropriate for each area Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 26 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited Figures are provided for a variety of locations, and relate to the suggested component sizes for those locations given in Table G1 FIGURE I1 ADELAIDE — LATITUDE 35°S Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 26 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited AS/NZS 3500.4.2:1997 90 FIGURE I2 ALICE SPRINGS — LATITUDE 24°S Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 26 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited 91 FIGURE I3 BRISBANE — LATITUDE 27°S AS/NZS 3500.4.2:1997 Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 26 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited AS/NZS 3500.4.2:1997 92 FIGURE I4 CANBERRA — LATITUDE 35°S Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 26 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited 93 FIGURE I5 DARWIN — LATITUDE 12°S AS/NZS 3500.4.2:1997 Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 26 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited AS/NZS 3500.4.2:1997 94 FIGURE I6 HOBART — LATITUDE 43°S Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 26 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited 95 FIGURE I7 MELBOURNE — LATITUDE 38°S AS/NZS 3500.4.2:1997 Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 26 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited AS/NZS 3500.4.2:1997 96 FIGURE I8 PERTH — LATITUDE 32°S Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 26 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited 97 FIGURE I9 SYDNEY — LATITUDE 34°S AS/NZS 3500.4.2:1997 AS/NZS 3500.4.2:1997 98 APPENDIX J MAP OF REGIONAL BASIC DESIGN WIND SPEEDS (Informative) Licensed to LUU MINH LUAN on 26 Feb 2002 Single user licence only Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited Figure J1 is provided as a guide only to the nature of a locality with regard to basic wind speeds For details of the design of structures to withstand these wind velocities, reference should be made to AS 1170.2 Wind velocity, m/s Regions A B C D FIGURE J1 Vs Vp Vu 38 38 45 50 41 49 57 69 50 60 70 85 BOUNDARIES OF REGIONS A, B, C AND D ... 6001 New Zealand ISBN 7337 1451 X AS/ NZS 3500.4.2:1997 PREFACE This Standard was prepared by the Joint Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand Committee WS/14, National Plumbing and Drainage Code,... when absolutely necessary 7 AS/ NZS 3500.4.2:1997 STANDARDS AUSTRALIA/STANDARDS NEW ZEALAND Australian/New Zealand Standard National Plumbing and Drainage Part 4.2: Hot water supply systems— Acceptable... Zealand Standard National Plumbing and Drainage Part 4.2: Hot water supply systems—Acceptable solutions Originated in part as AS CA51— 1968 Previous edition AS 3500.4— 1994 Jointly revised and