LI CM N Li u tiờn vi lũng bit n sõu sc nht tụi xin gi li cm n ti PGS.TS Nguyn Ngc Lõn v TS Trn Th Hin nhng ngi ó tn tõm hng dn, giỳp v to mi iu kin tt nht tụi hon thnh bn lun ỏn ny Tụi xin chõn thnh cm n Quý thy cụ B mụn Cụng ngh Mụi trng Vin khoa hc v Cụng ngh Mụi trng ó to mi iu kin thun li v nhit tỡnh giỳp cho tụi sut thi gian tụi tham gia nghiờn cu sinh Tụi xin chõn thnh cm n th cỏn b nghiờn cu Phũng thớ nghiờm R&D Vin Khoa hc v Cụng ngh Mụi trng ó nhit tỡnh giỳp tụi thi gian thc hin cỏc ni dung ca lun ỏn Tụi xin gi li cm n chõn thnh ti cỏc ng nghip, bn bố nhng ngi ó luụn quan tõm, ng viờn v giỳp tụi sut thi gian qua Cui cựng, tụi xin dnh tỡnh cm c bit n gia ỡnh, ngi thõn ca tụi nhng ngi ó luụn tin tng, ng viờn v tip sc cho tụi thờm ngh lc tụi cú th vng vng vt qua mi khú khn H Ni, ngy thỏng nm 2017 Tỏc gi lun ỏn Nguyn Th Lan Phng LI CAM OAN Tụi xin cam oan lun ỏn tin s Nghiờn cu x lý nõng cao nc thi cha thuc nhum hot tớnh bng phng phỏp in húa vi in cc chn lc l cụng trỡnh nghiờn cu ca riờng tụi, õy l cụng trỡnh tụi thc hin di s hng dn ca ngi hng dn khoa hc Cỏc s liu, kt qu trỡnh by lun ỏn l hon ton thu c t thc nghim, trung thc v khụng chộp Cỏc kt qu ny cha c cụng b bt k cụng trỡnh lun ỏn no khỏc Tỏc gi lun ỏn Nguyn Th Lan Phng Ngi hng dn khoa hc PGS.TS Nguyn Ngc Lõn TS Trn Th Hin MC LC DANH MC CC Kí HIU V CH VIT TT DANH MC CC BNG DANH MC CC HèNH M U CHNG TNG QUAN 1.1 Cụng ngh dt v c tớnh nc thi 1.1.1 Quy trỡnh cụng ngh 1.1.2 c tớnh nc thi dt nhum 1.1.3 Tỏc ng n mụi trng ca nc thi dt nhum 1.2 Phõn loi thuc nhum v c tớnh ca thuc nhum hot tớnh 1.2.1 Phõn loi thuc nhum 1.2.2 c tớnh ca thuc nhum hot tớnh 1.3 Cỏc phng phỏp x lý TNHT nc thi dt nhum 1.3.1 Cỏc phng phỏp x lý truyn thng 1.3.2 Cỏc phng phỏp oxy húa nõng cao 1.4 X lý nc thi dt nhum bng phng phỏp in húa 1.4.1 C s lý thuyt quỏ trỡnh x lý nc thi bng phng phỏp in húa 1.4.2 Cỏc yu t nh hng n quỏ trỡnh in húa x lý nc thi 1.4.3 Vt liu in cc x lý in húa 1.4.4 Tỡnh hỡnh nghiờn cu v ng dng phng phỏp in húa x lý nc thi dt nhum 1.5 c tớnh mt s vt liu c la chn lm in cc anot s dng cho nghiờn cu CHNG PHNG PHP THC NGHIM 2.1 Thit b, dng c, húa cht v vt liu nghiờn cu 2.1.1 Thit b, dng c 2.1.2 Húa cht 2.1.3 Vt liu in cc 2.2 Cỏc phng phỏp thc nghim v x lý s liu 2.2.1 Phng phỏp thc nghim 2.2.2 Cỏc phng phỏp x lý s liu 2.2.3 Cỏc phng phỏp phõn tớch CHNG KT QU V THO LUN 3.1 Tớnh cht ca cỏc loi vt liu in cc s dng nghiờn cu 3.1.1 ng cong phõn cc cỏc vt liu in cc nghiờn cu 3.1.2 hũa tan ca in cc thộp SUS 304 v thộp Ferosilic 3.1.3 c tớnh in húa ca cỏc in cc anot Pt, thộp SUS 304 v thộp Ferosilic 3.2 nh hng ca cỏc yu t chớnh lờn hiu qu x lý mu v gim hm lng COD ca nc thi cha TNHT bng phng phỏp in húa vi cỏc loi vt liu in cc khỏc 3.2.1 nh hng ca mt dũng in 3.2.2 nh hng ca pH ban u 3.2.3 nh hng ca nng cht in ly 4 8 12 12 15 21 22 26 28 30 34 37 37 37 38 38 38 38 48 52 54 54 54 58 59 62 62 66 70 3.2.4 nh hng ca thi gian in húa 3.2.5 nh hng ca nng thuc nhum u vo 3.3 La chn vt liu in cc thớch hp x lý nc thi cha TNHT bng phng phỏp in húa 3.4 nh hng ca mt s yu t khỏc lờn hiu qu x lý mu v gim hm lng COD ca nc thi cha TNHT bng phng phỏp in húa vi in cc thộp Ferosilic 3.4.1 nh hng ca nhit 3.4.2 nh hng ca thnh phn nc thi 3.4.3 nh hng ca t l din tớch gia cỏc in cc 3.5 ng hc ca quỏ trỡnh phõn hy thuc nhum hot tớnh bng phng phỏp oxi húa in húa vi in cc thộp Ferosilic 3.6 ỏnh giỏ hiu qu phõn hy cỏc TNHT ca quỏ trỡnh x lý in húa bng in cc thộp Ferosilic 3.7 Quy hoch thc nghim xỏc nh ch ti u cho quỏ trỡnh x lý in húa nc thi cha TNHT bng in cc thộp Ferosilic 3.7.1 Phng trỡnh hi quy 3.7.2 im ti u húa 3.8 X lý nõng cao nc thi dt nhum Cụng ty CP dt may 29/3 Nng bng phng phỏp in húa vi in cc thộp Ferosilic 3.8.1 c tớnh nc thi Cụng ty CP dt may 29/3 Nng 3.8.2 ỏnh giỏ hin trng h thng x lý nc thi Cụng ty CP dt may 29/3 Nng 3.8.3 xut phng ỏn x lý nõng cao nc thi dt nhum Cụng ty CP dt may 29/3 Nng KT LUN V KIN NGH TI LIU THAM KHO DANH MC CC CễNG TRèNH CễNG B CA LUN N PH LC 73 78 80 82 82 83 85 86 91 106 106 114 115 115 117 118 125 127 135 136 DANH MC CC Kí HIU V CH VIT TT Ch vit tt v ký hiu AOX Tờn ting Vit Dye [Dye] EC GC-MS Hp cht halogen hu c cú kh nng hp ph Cỏc quỏ trỡnh oxy húa nõng cao Nhu cu oxy sinh húa in cc mng kim cng B Ti Nguyờn Mụi Trng C phn Nhu cu oxy húa hc in cc ph oxớt kim loi trờn kim loi nn Thuc nhum Nng thuc nhum Nng lng in tiờu th Sc ký khớ kt hp ph I IR J k k* LC-MS Cng dũng in Ph hng ngoi Mt dũng in Hng s tc phn ng Hng s tc phn ng biu kin Sc ký lng ghộp ph m1 m2 n NTHH PAA PAC QCVN rA S Sa/Sc Khi lng anot trc in húa Khi lng anot sau t gi in húa Bc phn ng Nc thi hn hp Poly Acrylic Axit Poly Aluminium Chloride Quy chun k thut Vit Nam Tc phn ng phõn hy cht A Din tớch in cc T l gia din tớch Anot v din tớch Catot Thi gian Thuc nhum Thuc nhum hot tớnh Tng carbon hu c Tng cht rn l lng Nhiu x tia X Hiu in th Tia t ngoi T ngoi kh kin Th tớch dung dch AOPs BOD BDD BTNMT CP COD DSA t TN TNHT TOC TSS XRD U UV UV/vis V Tờn ting Anh Adsorbable Organic Halogen Advanced Oxidation Processes Biological Oxygen Demand Boron Doped Diamond Chemical Oxygen Demand Dimentionally Stable Anote Gas Chromatography Mass Spectometry Infrared Spectroscopy Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectometry Total Organic Carbon Total Suspended Solids X- Ray Diffraction Ultraviolet Ultraviolet Visible i DANH MC CC BNG Trang 5 11 Bng 1.1 Tiờu th nc ngnh dt nhum Bng 1.2 Dũng thi v cỏc cht ụ nhim cn quan tõm nc thi ngnh dt Bng 1.3 Cht lng nc thi ca mt s cụng ty dt may Bng 1.4 Cỏc loi thuc nhum hot tớnh s dng ph bin trờn th gii v nc Bng 1.5 Hiu qu kh mu ca nc thi dt nhum bng cỏc cht keo t khỏc Bng 1.6 Th oxy húa ca mt s cp oxy húa/ kh Bng 1.7 Cỏc quỏ trỡnh oxy húa nõng cao da vo gc hydroxyl OH* Bng 2.1 Cỏc thụng s nc thi cha thuc nhum hot tớnh sau pha Bng 2.2 c im ca cỏc mu nc thi thc ca Cụng ty CP dt may 29/3 Bng 2.3 Cỏc thụng s nc thi cha thuc nhum hot tớnh sau keo t Bng 2.4 iu kin tin hnh thớ nghim nh hng ca mt dũng in Bng 2.5 iu kin tin hnh thớ nghim nh hng ca nhit Bng 2.6 S thớ nghim lp ti tõm Bng 3.1 S ph thuc ca dũng anot vo in th ca vt liu in cc Ferosilic dung dch nc thi cha TNHT Bng 3.2 S ph thuc ca dũng anot vo in th ca vt liu in cc SUS 304 dung dch nc thi cha TNHT Bng 3.3 pH sau x lý in húa bng in cc anot Pt, thộp Ferosilic v thộp SUS 304 Bng 3.4 Giỏ tr dn in thay i nng NaCl Bng 3.5 Thay i giỏ tr nng Fe theo thi gian in húa ca quỏ trỡnh x lý in húa bng in cc thộp Ferosilic i vi nc thi cha TNHT mu hn hp Bng 3.6 S thay i nhit dung dch sau thi gian x lý in húa ca cỏc vt liu in cc Pt, thộp Ferosilic v thộp SUS 304 Bng 3.7 Mt s iu kin hnh thớch hp ca quỏ trỡnh x lý nc thi cha TNHT mu hn hp vi cỏc vt liu in cc anot khỏc Bng 3.8 Hiu qu x lý mu, gim hm lng COD v nng lng in tiờu th ca quỏ trỡnh x lý in húa nc thi cha TNHT mu hn hp vi cỏc vt liu in cc khỏc Bng 3.9 Hng s tc biu kin k* i vi quỏ trỡnh phõn hy thuc nhum hot tớnh mu vng v mu bng phng phỏp x lý in húa Bng 3.10 Phng trỡnh tc biu kin phn ng gi bc Bng 3.11 Bng tớnh sai s mụ hỡnh ng hc phn ng phõn hy thuc nhum mu vng nc thi bng quỏ trỡnh oxi húa in húa vi bc phn ng n=1 Bng 3.12 Bng tớnh sai s mụ hỡnh ng hc phn ng phõn hy thuc nhum mu nc thi bng quỏ trỡnh oxi húa in húa vi bc phn ng n = Bng 3.13 Cỏc hp cht hu c ch yu nc thi cha TNHT mu sau phỳt x lý in húa Bng 3.14 Cỏc hp cht hu c ch yu nc thi cha TNHT mu vng sau 10 phỳt x lý in húa 12 15 16 40 41 42 45 47 48 56 56 69 72 76 77 80 80 89 90 90 90 95 96 ii Bng 3.15 Cỏc hp cht hu c cú nc thi cha TNHT mu v mu vng sau x lý in húa Bng 3.16 Kt qu o ph XRD ca nc thi cha TNHT mu sau phỳt v 15 phỳt x lý in húa Bng 3.17 Kt qu o ph XRD ca nc thi cha TNHT mu vng sau 10 phỳt v 20 phỳt x lý in húa Bng 3.18 Cỏc bin s c lp v mc mó húa ca chỳng thc nghim x lý in húa nc thi cha TNHT mu hn hp Bng 3.19 Ma trn lm vic vi cỏc bin thc nghim v mó húa Bng 3.20 Cỏc h s ca phng trỡnh hi quy hm mc tiờu hiu sut x lý mu y1 Bng 3.21 Cỏc h s ca phng trỡnh hi quy hm mc tiờu nng lng tiờu th y2 Bng 3.22 Giỏ tr y thc nghim v tớnh theo theo phng trỡnh ca cỏc hm mc tiờu Bng 3.23 So sỏnh hiu qu x lý mu v nng lng tiờu th gia kt qu tớnh theo mụ hỡnh v thc nghim x lý nc thi t to iu kin ti u ca mụ hỡnh Modde 5.0 Bng 3.24 Kt qu phõn tớch nc thi ca cụng ty CP Dt may 29/3- Nng Bng 3.25 Kt qu phõn tớch nc thi ti cỏc cụng on h thng x lý nc thi ca Cụng ty CP Dt may 29/3 Nng Bng 3.26 Cỏc thụng s ụ nhim trc v sau x lý bng keo t Bng 3.27 Kt qu COD v mu ca nc thi thc (t l pha loóng 1:5 v 1:1) trc v sau x lý in húa 99 102 102 106 108 110 110 113 115 116 117 118 120 iii DANH MC CC HèNH Trang Hỡnh 1.1 S quy trỡnh cụng ngh dt nhum kốm nc thi Hỡnh 1.2 Tỏc ng ca nc thi dt nhum n mụi trng Hỡnh 1.3 Quỏ trỡnh oxi húa in húa trc tip Hỡnh 1.4 Quỏ trỡnh oxi húa in húa giỏn tip Hỡnh 2.1 S nguyờn lý in húa x lý nc thi Hỡnh 2.2 H thng in húa thc nghim Hỡnh 2.3 S quy trỡnh nghiờn cu thc nghim Hỡnh 2.4 S nguyờn tc o ng cong phõn cc Hỡnh 2.5 Thit b o ng cong phõn cc Hỡnh 3.1 ng cong phõn cc ca cỏc in cc Pt (a), thộp Ferosilic (b)v thộp SUS 304 (c) nc thi dt nhum cha TNHT Hỡnh 3.2 in th n nh ca cỏc vt liu in cc dung dch nc thi cha TNHT trc x lý in húa (a) v sau x lý in húa (b) Hỡnh 3.3 Cu trỳc t vi ca hp kim st Ferosilic Fe-14Si-5Cr-0,7Mn Hỡnh 3.4 ng cong phõn cc anot trờn in cc Pt dung dch NaCl (0,5g/l) v dung dch NaCl (0,5g/l) + TNHT mu hn hp (0,6g/l) Hỡnh 3.5 ng cong phõn cc anot trờn in cc thộp SUS 304 dung dch NaCl (0,5g/l) v dung dch NaCl (0,5g/l) + TNHT mu hn hp (0,6g/l) Hỡnh 3.6 ng cong phõn cc anot trờn in cc thộp Ferosilic dung dch NaCl (0,5g/l) v dung dch NaCl (0,5g/l) + TNHT mu hn hp (0,6g/l) Hỡnh 3.7 nh hng ca mt dũng in n hiu qu x lý mu (a) v hiu sut gim COD (b) ca quỏ trỡnh x lý in húa bng in cc thộp Ferosilic i vi nc thi cha TNHT mu khỏc Hỡnh 3.8 nh hng ca mt dũng in n hiu qu x lý mu (a) v hiu sut gim COD (b) ca quỏ trỡnh x lý in húa bng in cc Pt v thộp SUS 304 i vi nc thi cha TNHT mu hn hp Hỡnh 3.9 nh hng ca mt dũng in n in nng tiờu th ca quỏ trỡnh x lý in húa bng in cc Pt v thộp SUS 304 i vi nc thi cha TNHT mu hn hp Hỡnh 3.10 nh hng ca mt dũng in n in nng tiờu th ca quỏ trỡnh x lý in húa bng in cc thộp Ferosilic i vi nc thi cha TNHT mu khỏc Hỡnh 3.11 nh hng ca pH ban u n hiu sut x lý mu (a) v hiu sut gim COD (b) ca quỏ trỡnh x lý in húa bng cỏc vt liu in cc khỏc i vi nc thi cha TNHT mu hn hp Hỡnh 3.12 nh hng ca pH ban u n hiu sut x lý mu (a) v hiu sut COD (b) ca quỏ trỡnh x lý in húa bng in cc thộp Ferosilic i vi nc thi mu v mu vng Hỡnh 3.13 nh hng ca pH ban u n nng lng in tiờu th ca quỏ trỡnh x lý in húa bng cỏc vt liu in cc khỏc i vi nc thi cha TNHT mu hn hp Hỡnh 3.14 nh hng ca NaCl n hiu sut x lý mu (a) v hiu sut gim COD (b) ca quỏ trỡnh x lý in húa bng cỏc vt liu in cc khỏc i vi nc thi dt nhum cha TNHT mu hn hp Hỡnh 3.15 nh hng ca NaCl n hiu sut x lý mu (a) v hiu sut gim COD (b) ca quỏ trỡnh x lý in húa bng in cc thộp Ferosilic i vi nc thi dt nhum cha TNHT mu v mu vng 23 24 37 37 39 43 43 55 57 58 59 60 61 63 63 65 65 66 67 69 70 71 iv Hỡnh 3.16 nh hng ca NaCl n in nng tiờu th ca quỏ trỡnh x lý in húa bng cỏc vt liu in cc khỏc i vi nc thi dt nhum cha TNHT mu hn hp Hỡnh 3.17 nh hng ca thi gian in húa n hiu sut gim COD v mu ca quỏ trỡnh x lý in húa bng in cc Pt (a) v in cc thộp SUS 304 (b) i vi nc thi cha TNHT mu hn hp Hỡnh 3.18 nh hng ca thi gian in húa n hiu sut x lý mu (a) v gim hm lng COD (b) ca quỏ trỡnh x lý in húa bng in cc thộp Ferosilic i vi nc thi cha TNHT mu khỏc Hỡnh 3.19 nh hng ca thi gian in húa n in nng tiờu th ca quỏ trỡnh x lý in húa bng in cc Pt v thộp Ferosilic i vi nc thi cha TNHT mu hn hp Hỡnh 3.20 nh hng ca thi gian in húa n nng lng in tiờu th ca quỏ trỡnh x lý in húa bng in cc thộp SUS 304 i vi nc thi cha TNHT mu hn hp Hỡnh 3.21 nh hng ca nng thuc nhum ban u n hiu sut x lý mu (a) v hiu sut gim COD (b) ca quỏ trỡnh x lý in húa nc thi cha TNHT mu hn hp vi cỏc vt liu in cc khỏc Hỡnh 3.22 nh hng ca nhit n hiu sut x lý mu (a) v hiu sut gim COD (b) ca quỏ trỡnh x lý in húa i vi nc thi cha TNHT mu khỏc Hỡnh 3.23 nh hng ca Na2SO4 n hiu sut x lý mu (a) v hiu sut gim COD (b) ca quỏ trỡnh x lý in húa i vi nc thi cha TNHT mu khỏc Hỡnh 3.24 nh hng ca Na2CO3 n hiu sut x lý mu (a) v hiu sut gim COD (b) ca quỏ trỡnh x lý in húa i vi nc thi cha TNHT mu khỏc Hỡnh 3.25 nh hng ca t l Sa /Sc n hiu qu x lý mu v hiu sut gim COD ca quỏ trỡnh x lý in húa i vi nc thi ca TNHT mu hn hp Hỡnh 3.26 nh hng ca t l Sa /Sc n nng lng in tiờu th ca quỏ trỡnh x lý in húa i vi nc thi cha TNHT mu hn hp Hỡnh 3.27 th ng hc x lý thuc nhum hot tớnh mu vng v mu ca quỏ trỡnh x lý in húa Hỡnh 3.28 th xỏc nh hng s tc phn ng biu kin gi bc ca quỏ trỡnh khoỏng húa thuc nhum mu v mu vng Hỡnh 3.29 Bin thiờn mu (a), ch s COD (b) v ch s TOC (c) theo thi gian ca quỏ trỡnh x lý in húa nc thi cha TNHT mu v mu vng Hỡnh 3.30 Ph UV vis theo thi gian x lý in húa i vi nc thi cha TNHT mu (a) v mu vng (b) Hỡnh 3.31 Sc GCMS vi nc thi cha TNHT mu sau phỳt x lý in húa Hỡnh 3.32 Sc GCMS vi mu nc thi cha TNHT mu vng sau 10 phỳt x lý in húa Hỡnh 3.33 Sc GCMS ca nc thi cha TNHT mu sau 15 phỳt x lý in húa Hỡnh 3.34 Sc GCMS ca nc thi cha TNHT mu vng sau 20 phỳt x lý in húa Hỡnh 3.35 Kt qu ph XRD ca nc thi cha TNHT mu sau phỳt x lý in húa (a) v sau 15 phỳt x lý in húa (b) Hỡnh 3.36 Kt qu ph XRD ca nc thi cha TNHT mu vng sau 10 phỳt x lý in húa (a) v sau 20 phỳt x lý in húa (b) 72 74 75 77 78 79 82 83 84 85 85 89 89 92 93 94 95 99 99 101 103 v Hỡnh 3.37 Ph IR ca mu nc thi cha TNHT mu vng sau 10 phỳt x lý in Húa (a) v sau 20 phỳt x lý in húa (b) Hỡnh 3.38 Ph IR ca mu nc thi cha TNHT mu sau phỳt x lý in húa (a) v sau 15 phỳt x lý in húa (b) Hỡnh 3.39 S dũng thi v h thng x lý nc thi ca Cụng ty CP Dt May Nng Hỡnh 3.40 S dõy chuyn hon thin h thng x lý nc thi Cụng ty CP dt may 29/3 Nng Hỡnh 3.41 Ph UV-vis ca nc thi Cụng ty CP dt may 29/3 trc v sau x lý in húa pha loóng theo t l 1:5 (a) v pha loóng theo t l 1:1 (b) 104 105 116 120 122 vi (a) I - nc thi thc trc x lý in húa (b) II - nc thi thc sau 30 phỳt x lý in húa Hỡnh 3.41 Ph UV-vis ca nc thi cụng ty CP dt may 29/3 trc v sau x lý in húa pha loóng theo t l 1:5 (a) v pha loóng theo t l 1:1(b) Kt qu o ph UV vis trờn hỡnh 3.41 (a,b) cho thy: - Vi nc thi dt nhum thc t trc x lý in húa, cỏc peak hp th xut hin bc súng max l 520 nm tng ng vi liờn kt mang mu azo cú cha phõn t thuc nhum - Cú s suy gim cng hp th cc i ti bc súng 520 nm i vi nc thi thc sau x lý in húa S bin mt ca peak bc súng 520 nm sau 30 phỳt x lý in húa nc thi dt nhum thc t ó chng t cu trỳc phõn t thuc nhum b phỏ v, liờn kt azo b phõn hy to thnh cỏc cht hu c cú cu trỳc n gin hn Nh vy, kt qu thu c t ph UV vis cho thy nc thi thc t sau x lý cc b bng phng phỏp in húa vi thnh phn gm cỏc cht hu c cú cu trỳc n gin, hon ton phự hp vi yờu cu u vo ca giai on x lý sinh hc phớa sau 122 Tớnh toỏn kim tra t l BOD5/COD trc vo x lý sinh hc sau ỏp dng phng ỏn hon thin h thng x lý nc thi ó xut cho cụng ty - Xỏc nh BOD5 ti h gom, sau b keo t v vo b x lý sinh hc Theo s trờn hỡnh 3.40 ta ký hiu : C1 l BOD5 sau x lý in húa C2 l BOD5 ca dũng sau git C3 l BOD5 ca dũng vo h gom C4 l BOD5 ca dũng thi sinh hot v cỏc cụng on khỏc C5 l BOD5 ca dũng thi sau b keo t C6 l BOD5 ca dũng thi vo b x lý sinh hc Theo nh lut cõn bng lng nhp dũng thi sinh hot v cỏc cụng on khỏc vi dũng thi sau git a vo h gom ta cú : 160 C4 + 88 C2 = 248 C3 T kt qu phõn tớch bng 3.24, giỏ tr BOD5 ca dũng thi sinh hot v cỏc cụng on khỏc (C4) l 200 mg/l v giỏ tr BOD5 ca dũng sau git (C2) l mg/l Sau thay s vo, tớnh toỏn thu c kt qu C3 = 129 mg/l Hiu sut x lý BOD5 ca b keo t trc x lý sinh hc l 25% BOD5 sau b keo t (C5) l 96,8 mg/l Khi nhp dũng sau x lý keo t vi dũng thi sau x lý cc b bng phng phỏp in húa vo b x lý sinh hc, theo nh lut bo ton lng ta cú : 248 x 96,8 + 64 x C1 = 312 x C6 Theo kt qu thc nghim thu c bng 3.27, BOD5 ca dũng thi sau x lý cc b bng phng phỏp keo t kt hp in húa l 261 mg/l Tớnh toỏn thu c giỏ tr BOD5 vo b x lý sinh hc (C6) l 130 mg/l - Xỏc nh COD ti h gom, sau b keo t trc vo x lý sinh hc v ti b x lý sinh hc Theo s trờn hỡnh 3.40 ta ký hiu : X1 l COD sau x lý in húa X2 l COD ca dũng sau git X3 l COD ca dũng sau h gom X4 l COD ca dũng thi sinh hot v cỏc cụng on khỏc X5 l COD ca dũng thi sau b keo t trc vo b x lý sinh hc X6 l COD ca dũng thi vo b x lý sinh hc Theo nh lut bo ton lng nhp dũng thi sinh hot v cỏc cụng on khỏc vi dũng thi sau git a vo h gom ta cú : 160 x X4 + 88 x X2 = 248 x X3 T kt qu phõn tớch thu c bng 3.24 giỏ tr X4 = 314 mg/l, X2 = 55 mg/l Tớnh toỏn thu c COD ca dũng sau h gom X3 = 222 mg/l Hiu sut gim COD ca quỏ trỡnh keo t trc x lý vi sinh l 20% COD sau b keo t X5 = 210,6 mg/l Theo nh lut bo ton lng nhp dũng thi sau b keo t vi dũng thi sau x lý cc b bng phng phỏp in húa a vo b x lý sinh hc ta cú : 123 248 x X5 + 64 x X1 = 312 x X6 Theo kt qu thc nghim thu c bng 3.27, COD ca dũng thi sau x lý cc b bng phng phỏp keo t kt hp in húa X1 = 307 mg/l Thay s v tớnh toỏn thu c giỏ tr COD ca dũng thi vo b x lý sinh hc X6 = 230 mg/l Nc thi trc i vo cụng on x lý sinh hc cú t l BOD5/ COD = C6/X6 = 130/230 = 0,57 > 0,5 t yờu cu v t l gia BOD5 v COD ca nc thi trc i vo h thng x lý sinh hc Nh vy vic ỏp dng x lý in húa cc b dũng thi t mỏy nhum ca Cụng ty CP dt may 29/3 theo phng ỏn pha loóng dũng thi sau mỏy nhum vi dũng thi sau git (git t v t 2) theo t l 1:1 ó ỏp ng c mc tiờu : x lý trit c cht ụ nhim (thuc nhum hot tớnh khú phõn hy sinh hc) v tng t l BOD5/ COD >0,5 thun li cho khõu x lý sinh hc phớa sau 124 KT LUN V KIN NGH T cỏc kt qu nghiờn cu x lý mu v suy gim ch s COD ca nc thi cha TNHT c iu ch phũng thớ nghim v nc thi ca Cụng ty CP dt may 29-3 Nng bng phng phỏp in húa, cú th rỳt mt s kt lun sau: Xỏc nh c vt liu in cc anot thộp Ferosilic (Fe-14Si-5Cr-0,7Mn) s dng cho h thng x lý in húa cú kh nng phõn hy c cỏc cht hu c khú phõn hy sinh hc nc thi dt nhum Quỏ trỡnh in húa vi vt liu in cc ny cú th x lý c mu v lm suy gim ch s COD ca nc thi vi tiờu th nng lng hp lý õy l loi vt liu in cc mi lnh vc x lý nc thi dt nhum cú mt s u im nh: ớt tan quỏ trỡnh in húa nờn khụng sinh nhiu bựn, cú bn húa v bn in húa cao nờn ớt phi thay th ú cú th tit kim c chi phớ u t, cú kh nng xỳc tỏc in húa cao dn n tng hiu sut x lý cho quỏ trỡnh v cú phớ nng lng thp (73,2 kWh/kg COD x lý), giỏ thnh thp Mụ hỡnh ng hc ca quỏ trỡnh phõn hy TNHT mu vng v mu bng phng phỏp oxi húa iờn húa vi in cc thộp Ferosilic tuõn theo phn ng gi bc cú cỏc hng s tc phn ng tng ng l 68,2 10-3 phỳt-1 v 88,2.10-3 phỳt-1 Bng cỏc phng phỏp phõn tớch ph UV vis, GC-MS, IR, XRD ca cỏc mu nc thi sau x lý in húa cho thy cỏc liờn kt mang mu azo cu trỳc thuc nhum ó b phỏ v di s tn cụng ca gc OH* S ct t mch cacbon to thnh cỏc cht hu c n gin it c hi hn v s tip tc b phõn hy quỏ trỡnh oxi húa tip theo to thnh CO2 v H2O Quỏ trỡnh phõn hy ny khụng ch lm mt mu ca thuc nhum m cũn gúp phn lm gim COD ca nc thi Bng phng phỏp quy hoch thc nghim trc giao bc ca Box- Wilson, lun ỏn ó xỏc nh c : - Hm mc tiờu hiu sut x lý mu y1 y1 = 67.7039 + 2.10077x1 - 4.65896x3 - 6.42296x5 + 8.68452 - 5.59072 + 6.78926x1x2 - 2.49663x1x4 +1.90142x1x5 1,70089 x2 x5 - 2.78626 x3x4 - 5.54339 x3x5 - 4.39133 x4x5 - Hm mc tiờu nng lng tiờu th y2 y2 = 114.58 +14.805 x1 - 7.971x2 +11.418x3 - 21.96x4 - 11.211 -16.48 +17.42 8.79 x1x2 +11.021 x1x3 - 5.682 x1x5 +4.9209 x2x3 - 5.1172 x3x5 - iu kin ti u ca quỏ trỡnh x lý in húa bng in cc thộp Ferosilic i vi nc thi cha TNHT l : Mt dũng in = 17.4 mA/cm2 ; Thi gian = 30 phỳt; pH= 3.0, NaCl = 0,64g/l v COD u vo l 260 mg/l ó tin hnh x lý nõng cao nc thi ca cụng ty CP dt may 29.3- Nng bng phng phỏp in húa vi in cc thộp Ferosilic theo phng ỏn phõn lung dũng thi t cỏc mỏy nhum, x lý cc b bng phng phỏp keo t dựng PAC kt hp vi phng phỏp in húa Dũng thi sau x lý cc b bng phng phỏp in húa s c a thng vo b x lý sinh hc sn cú h thng x lý nc thi ca cụng ty Dũng thi m c t cỏc mỏy nhum trc a vo x lý cc b c pha loóng theo t l 1:1 bng nc thi t cụng on git 125 Nh vy, cỏc kt qu nghiờn cu trờn ó chng minh c rng phng phỏp in húa dựng in cc thộp Ferosilic cú th ỏp dng x lý nõng cao nc thi cha thuc nhum hot tớnh nhm x lý trit cỏc cht ụ nhim v tng t l BOD5/ COD thun li cho khõu x lý sinh hc tip theo vi chi phớ nng lng hp lý Kin ngh Vi 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cc anot thộp 304 Tp Phõn tớch Húa Lý Sinh (giy chp nhn ng), S 21 /2016 135 PH LC 136 ... thuốc nhuộm 1.2.2 Đặc tính thuốc nhuộm hoạt tính 1.3 Các phương pháp xử lý TNHT nước thải dệt nhuộm 1.3.1 Các phương pháp xử lý truyền thống 1.3.2 Các phương pháp oxy hóa nâng cao 1.4 Xử lý nước. .. thải dệt nhuộm phương pháp điện hóa 1.4.1 Cơ sở lý thuyết trình xử lý nước thải phương pháp điện hóa 1.4.2 Các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến trình điện hóa xử lý nước thải 1.4.3 Vật liệu điện cực xử lý. .. phƣơng pháp điện hóa với điện cực chọn lọc thực nhằm góp phần xử lý triệt để chất ô nhiễm nước thải dệt nhuộm phương pháp điện hóa với loại vật liệu điện cực cho hiệu xử lý cao, chi phí điện cực