bộ giáo dục đào tạo trờng đại học bách khoa hà nội - luận văn thạc sĩ khoa học Tổng quan hệ thống dwdm thiết kế tuyến dwdm cho đờng trục evntelecom ngành : kỹ thuật điện tử Nguyễn tuấn tú Ngời hớng dẫn khoa học : TS Phạm văn bình MC LC LI CAM OAN DANH MC CC T VIT TT .IV DANH MC CC HèNH V XII LI NểI U - PHN I - TNG QUAN V CC THNH PHN C BN CA H THNG DWDM - CHNG 1: - C S K THUT GHẫP KấNH PHN CHIA THEO BC SểNG - 1.1 K thut ghộp bc súng quang - - 1.2 Nguyờn lý c bn ca ghộp bc súng quang - - CHNG 2: - 12 TNG QUAN V CễNG NGH DWDM - 12 2.1 Tng quan v DWDM - 12 - 2.2 Di bc súng lm vic ca DWDM - 13 - 2.3 Cu hỡnh mng DWDM - 14 - 2.4 Nhng u im ca DWDM - 17 - CHNG 3: - 19 CC THNH PHN C BN CA H THNG DWDM - 19 3.1 B chuyn i bc súng OTU - 19 3.1.1 Nguyờn lý hot ng - 20 - 3.1.2 Phõn loi v ng dng - 20 - 3.2 Ghộp kờnh quang OMUX v tỏch kờnh quang ODMUX - 21 3.2.1 Phng phỏp ghộp kờnh s dng cỏc b lc - 22 - 3.2.2 Phng phỏp ghộp kờnh s dng cỏch t nhiu x - 28 - 3.2.3 Phng phỏp ghộp si - 34 - 3.2.4 Cỏc b tỏch ghộp trờn c s mch t hp quang in OEI - 37 - 3.3 Cỏc b khuch i quang - 40 3.3.1 Cụng ngh EDFA - 41 - 3.3.2 Khuch i Raman - 50 - 3.4 B xen/r kờnh quang OADM - 51 - i 3.5 Cỏc module bự tỏn sc DCM - 54 3.6 Truyn dn si quang - 56 3.6.1 Phõn loi si - 56 - 3.6.2 Si quang dch chuyn v trớ tỏn sc khỏc khụng NZ- DSF - 57 - 3.6.3 Si quang bự tỏn sc DCF - 59 - 3.6.4 Si quang tỏn sc bng phng DFF - 61 - CHNG 4: - 63 CC VN K THUT C BN V THAM S CHNH NH HNG N H THNG DWDM .- 63 4.1 Suy hao ca si quang v bng thụng - 63 - 4.2 S kờnh bc súng - 64 - 4.3 rng ph ca ngun phỏt - 65 - 4.4 Qu cụng sut - 66 - 4.5 Nhiu xuyờn kờnh - 67 - 4.6 Tỏn sc - 68 - 4.7 nh hng ca hiu ng phi tuyn - 71 - 4.7.1 Khuch tỏn tớch ly Raman SRS - 72 - 4.7.2 Hiu ng tỏn x Brillouin SBS - 73 - 4.7.3 Hiu ng t iu ch pha SPM - 75 - 4.7.4 Hiu ng iu ch pha chộo XPM - 76 - 4.7.5 Hiu ng trn bn bc súng FWM - 76 - PHN II - 79 THIT K TUYN DWDM THC T TI EVNTELECOM - 79 CHNG 5: - 80 THIT K TUYN DWDM TRấN NG TRC CA EVNTELECOM - 80 5.1 Hin trng h thng vin thụng in lc - 80 - 5.1.1 H thng cỏp quang ng trc Bc Nam - 80 - 5.1.2 H thng thit b truyn dn ng trc Bc Nam - 81 - 5.2 Gii phỏp k thut - 83 - 5.2.1 Yờu cu i vi h thng truyn dn ng trc - 83 - 5.2.2 La chn phng ỏn t chc mng: - 85 - 5.2.3 Cu trỳc mng - 86 - ii 5.2.4 Cu trỳc bo v i vi h thng DWDM - 89 - 5.3 Tớnh toỏn cỏc thụng s cho h thng DWDM v SDH/STM-64 - 91 - 5.4 Thit b ca h thng - 105 - 5.5 Cu hỡnh thit b DWDM: - 111 - KT LUN - 119 TI LIU THAM KHO iii DANH MC CC T VIT TT A API Application Program Interface APS Automatic Protection Switching ARP Address Resolution Protocol ARQ Automatic Repeat Request AS Autonomous System ASBR AS Boundary Router ASN Abstract Syntax Notation ASON Automatic Switched Optical Network AWHG Average Weighted Hop-distance Gain B BER Bit Error Rate (ratio) BFR Best-Fit Rate routing BGMP Border Gateway Multicast Protocol BGP Border Gateway Protocol BLSR Bi-directional Line Switched Ring BPSR Bi-directional Path Switched Ring C CBR Constant Bit Rate CIDR Classless Interdomain Routing CLNP Connectionless Network Protocol CMIP Common Management Information Protocol CORBA Common Object Request Broker Architecture CPE Customer Premises Equipment iv CR-LDP Constraint-based Routing Label Distribution Protocol CSPF Constraint-based Shortest Path First routing CTP Connection Termination Point CWDM Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing D DCC Data Communication Channel DCN Data Communication Network DD OSPF Database Description message DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DWDM Defense Wavelength Division Multiplexing DCX Digital Cross Connect E EBGP Exterior Border Gateway Protocol ECMP Equal Cost Multiple Path EDFA Erbium-Doped Fibre Amplifier EGP Exterior Gateway Protocol F FEC Forward Error Correction, Forwarding Equivalence Class FIB Forwarding Information Base FIN Finish Flag (TCP header) FQ Fair Queuing FTTH Fibre to the Home FTTN Fibre to the Neighbourhood FWM Four Wave Mixing v G GMPLS Generalised Multiprotocol Label Switching GSMP General Switch Control Protocol I IAB Internet Architecture Board IANA Internet Assigned Numbers Authority IBGP Interior Border Gateway Protocol ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol ID Identifier IDMR Inter-Domain Multicast Routing IDRP Inter-Domain Routing Protocol IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol IGP Interior Gateway Protocol INNI Internal Network-to-Network Interface IPng IP next generation IPSec IP Security ISDN Integrated Service Digital Network IS-IS Intermediate System to Intermediate System routing protocol J JIT Just In Time L LBS Label-Based Switching LC Link Connection LDAP Lightweight Directory Access Protocol LDP Label Distribution Protocol vi LIB Label Information Base LinkTP Link Termination Point LLR Least Loaded Routing LMP Link Management Protocol LOF Loss of Frame LOS Loss of Signal LSA Link State Advertisement LSP Label Switched Path LSR Label Switch Router, Link State Request LSU Link State Update LTE Line Terminating Equipment M MAC Media Access Control MAN Metropolitan Area Network MIB Management Information Base MONET Multiwavelength Optical Networking Consortium MOSPF Multicast Open Path Shortest First MPlS Multiprotocol Lambda Switching MPLS Multiprotocol Label Switching N NAT Network Address Translation NBMA NonBroadcast Multiple Access NC&M Network Control and Management NDP Neighbour Discovery Protocol NE Network Element NFS Network File System vii NGI Next Generation Internet NHRP Next Hop Resolution Protocol NIC Network Interface Card NSAP Network Service Access Point O OADM Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer OAM Operations and Maintenance OAM&P Operations, Administration, Maintenance, and Provisioning OBS Optical Burst Switching OLS Optical Label Switching OLSR Optical Label Switching Router OMS Optical Multiplex Section OPR Optical Packet Router OSCP Optical Switch Control Protocol OSPF Open Shortest Path First protocol OSPF-OMP OSPF Optimised Multi Path OTS Optical Transmission Section OVPN Optical Virtual Private Network OXC Optical Cross Connect P PDU Protocol Data Unit PE Provider Edge PHB Per Hop Behaviour PHY Physical layer PNNI Private Network-to-Network Interface PON Passive Optical Network viii PPP Point to Point Protocol PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network PTE Path Terminating Equipment PVC Permanent Virtual Circuit Q QA Q-Adaptor QoS Quality of Service R RARP Reverse Address Resolution Protocol RIP Routing Information Protocol RMP Reliable Multicast Protocol RMTP Reliable multicast Transfer Protocol RPC Remote Procedure Call RPF Reverse Path Forwarding RSpec Resource Specification RSVP Resource Reservation Protocol RTCP Real-Time Transport Control Protocol RTP Real-Time Transport Protocol RTT Round Trip Time S SAN Storage Area Network SAP Service Access Point SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy SDU Service Data Unit SLA Service Level Agreement ix - 106 - Khong cỏch gia cỏc kờnh: Khong cỏch gia cỏc bc súng lm vic khụng hn 100 nm Cỏc bc súng lm vic phi tuõn theo bng khuyn ngh G694.1 ca ITU-T - Thit b DWDM phi m bo t l li bit BER 10 -12 s dng n 40 bc súng Bc súng hot ng - Tn s tham chiu tuyt i AFR (Absolute Frequency Reference) i vi mi kờnh phi gn bng tn s c s 193.1 THz - Khong cỏch tn s gia cỏc kờnh lin k l 100GHz - lch tn s trung tõm cc i i vi mi kờnh phi hn 12.5 GHz (khong 0.1 nm) - n nh bc súng hot ng i vi mi kờnh phi hn 0.01 nm/1 nm - Cỏc tn s v bc súng tng ng ca 40 kờnh (C band) cho h thng DWDM Chuyn mch bo v Thit b phi cú kh nng thc hin cỏc c ch bo v: 1: N C ch bo v kờnh (optical channel protection) 1+1 C ch bo v OTU (OTU Units protection) 1+1 C ch bo v ng quang (optical line protection) V cỏc c ch bo v khỏc Chc nng giỏm sỏt bo dng, bỏo cnh v khai thỏc h thng - OAM - Thit b phi h tr cỏc chc nng cn thit v y OAM mt cỏch t ng nh: giỏm sỏt cht lng h thng in-service; giỏm sỏt ph kờnh - quang; giỏm sỏt cht lng si quang Thit b DWDM phi giỏm sỏt c theo thi gian thc ph quang ti bt k node mng no t NMS gm: cụng sut quang, bc súng hot ng OSNR, lch tn s trung tõm i vi tt c cỏc kờnh ang khai thỏc Yờu cu i vi thit b OADM: - Sn sng chuyn thnh cu hỡnh R-OADM (Reconfigurable-OADM) m khụng giỏn on/ngng cung cp dch v Lun cao hc TVT 2007-2009 Nguyn Tun Tỳ - 107 - Thc hin tỏi nh thi, tỏi khuych i, tỏi to tớn hiu - 3R - Ti thiu s hng lm vic vi cu hỡnh R-OADM l S bc súng xen r ti node cú th tng gim theo yờu cu Xen r v tỏi to cỏc bc súng Yờu cu i vi thit b khuch i quang - OLA - Thit b khuch i quang (bao gm c BA, PA) s dng h thng - DWDM tuõn th theo tiờu chun ITU-T G.663 v cỏc tiờu chun khỏc ca ITU-T Thit b phi m bo c t l li bit gia tng s bc súng s dng Thit b phi cung cp c b khuch i Raman m bo h thng s dng khong cỏch xa v lm gim t s OSNR ca chng Thit b phi cú kh nng iu khin thay i t ng h s khuch i m bo s iu chnh cú s thay i s lng bc súng Yờu cu i vi b tỏch/ghộp kờnh quang (Optical MUX/DEMUX): - Cỏc thụng s yờu cu i vi OM: tuõn th cỏc tiờu chun ITU-T G.681, G.709, G.872 v cỏc tiờu chun khỏc ca ITU-T - Cú kh nng ghộp 40 bc súng, mi bc súng cú tc 10 Gbps - (Trong giai on ny s dng 04 bc súng 10 Gbps) Hot ng cỏc bc súng tuõn th theo di tn tiờu chun ITU-T G.694.1 Thụng s n v Giỏ tr yờu cu Insert Loss dB < 10 Optical Reflection Coefficient dB < - 40 Wavelength Bandwidth nm 1529 ~ 1561 Polarization Dependent Loss dB < 0.5 Adjacent Channel Isolation Range dB > 22 Non-Adjacent Channel Isolation Range dB > 25 Maximum Channel Insert Loss Difference dB 22 Non-Adjacent Channel Isolation Range dB > 25 Polarization Dependent Loss dB < 0.5 Maximum Channel Insert Loss Difference dB 0.2 -20dB Bandwidth nm < 1.4 Channel Spacing Bng 5.4.2: Cỏc thụng s c bn i vi OD Yờu cu i vi b khuych i quang - Optical Amplifier - Cỏc b khuych i quang (gm OBA, OPA, OLA) s dng h thng DWDM phi tuõn theo khuyn ngh G.663 v cỏc khuyn ngh liờn - quan ca ITU-T Cỏc thụng s yờu cu i vi OA Thụng s n v Giỏ tr yờu cu dBm +20 Noise coefficient (NF) dB 40 Output optical return loss dB >40 Maximum total output power Lun cao hc TVT 2007-2009 Nguyn Tun Tỳ - 109 - Gain tilt dB/dB