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California science vocabulary card(1 6) (4)
Photograph by Frank Lane Picture Agency/Corbis Grade Published by Macmillan/McGraw-Hill, of McGraw-Hill Education, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., Two Penn Plaza, New York, New York 10121 Copyright © by Macmillan/McGraw-Hill All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written consent of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., including, but not limited to, network storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning 063 09 08 07 06 ISBN 13: 978-0-02-286134-6 ISBN 10: 0-02-286134-3 Vocabulary Cards Vocabulary Cards help build word knowledge and understanding of Science Glossary terms by: • providing an opportunity for vocabulary preview, review, and reinforcement • fostering language development skills • supporting the acquisition of academic language for English learners Vocabulary Cards can be placed in your classroom Science Center abiotic factor (āªbī otºik fakºtәr) © Macmillan/McGraw-Hill Grade Photograph by © Purestock/Superstock Photograph by © AGE Fotostock/Superstock © Macmillan/McGraw-Hill Grade (ә brāºzhәn) abrasion Vocabulary Routine Define: A nonliving part of the ecosystem Example: Hot temperatures and rainfall are abiotic factors in the desert ecosystem Ask: How does a change in the abiotic factors in an environment affect the animals that live there? Ask: What does wind carry that casuses abrasion to form shapes in rocks? Example: Wind abrasion is a form of physical weathering that wears down rock Define: The peeling or scraping away of an outer layer Vocabulary Routine accommodation (ә käªmә dāºshәn) © Macmillan/McGraw-Hill Grade Photograph by © Raymond Gehman/CORBIS Photograph by © Steve Weston © Macmillan/McGraw-Hill (akºtiv vol cāºnō) active volcano Grade Vocabulary Routine Define: An individual organism’s response to a change in the ecosystem Example: One type of accommodation is a change in the type of food an organism eats Ask: What happens when animals cannot use accommodation to survive when their food source suddenly disappears? Ask: How could a volcano that is not erupting right now still be considered an active volcano? Example: Mt Saint Helens is an active volcano Define: A volcano that still erupts from time to time Vocabulary Routine adaptation (aªdapªtāºshәn) © Macmillan/McGraw-Hill Grade Photograph by © Ron Sanford/CORBIS Photograph by © Greg Harris © Macmillan/McGraw-Hill Grade (alºjē) algae Vocabulary Routine Define: A special trait that helps an organism sur- vive in its environment Example: A fish’s gills are an example of adaptation Ask: How is a hummingbird’s beak an example of an adaptation that helps it get food? Ask: How algae act like green plants? Example: Algae usually float on the surface of ponds and lakes Define: A plant-like producer in a water environment Vocabulary Routine alternating current (ôlºtәr nā ting kûrºәnt) © Macmillan/McGraw-Hill Photograph by © Ken Cavanagh/Macmillan-McGraw Hill Grade Photograph by © M.I Walker/NHPA © Macmillan/McGraw-Hill Grade (әmēº bә) amoeba Vocabulary Routine Define: Electrical current that flows through a circuit, first in one direction, then in the opposite direction Example: Most generators that make electrical energy produce an alternating current, or AC Ask: Where would you find alternating current in a source you often use? Ask: How does an amoeba change its shape to surround food? Example: An amoeba can change its shape to catch food Define: A type of protist that acts like an animal in some ways Vocabulary Routine Vocabulary Routine Define: A buildup of electrical charge on an object Example: Objects rubbing against one another in a clothes dryer create static electricity Ask: How can you cause static electricity to attract bits of paper to a plastic comb? Ask: What is the stem of a tree called? Example: A plant’s stem also carries food and water Define: The part of a plant that holds it upright Vocabulary Routine stomata (stōºmә tә) n pl., stoma (stōºmә) sing © Macmillan/McGraw-Hill Grade Photograph by © John D Cunningham/Visuals Unlimited/Getty Images, Inc Photograph by © Steve Weston © Macmillan/McGraw-Hill Grade (strīk slip folt) strike-slip fault Vocabulary Routine Define: The crack or line between two plates that are sliding past each other in different directions Example: California’s San Andreas Fault is a strike-slip fault Ask: Why is the land on either side of a strike-slip fault roughly the same height? stomata of a leaf? Ask: What would happen if dirt blocked the stomata Example: Carbon dioxide enters a plant through its which air and water pass Define: Holes on the bottoms of leaves through Vocabulary Routine submersible (sub mәrºsә bәl) © Macmillan/McGraw-Hill Grade Photograph by © American Museum Of Natural History Photograph by © Royalty Free/CORBIS © Macmillan/McGraw-Hill Grade (strip färºming) strip farming Vocabulary Routine Define: Something that can work underwater Example: Scientists use vehicles called submersibles to study the bottom of the ocean Ask: Why scientists need a submersible to explore deep underwater? after year? Ask: Why farmers practice strip farming year Example: Strip farming slows down soil erosion food crops in an area Define: Planting alternating rows of grasses and Vocabulary Routine survey technician (sәrºvā tek niºshәn) © Macmillan/McGraw-Hill Photograph by © David Mendelsohn/Masterfile Grade Photograph by © Macmillan-McGraw Hill © Macmillan/McGraw-Hill Grade (swich) switch Vocabulary Routine Define: A person who creates maps and locates boundaries of land Example: A survey technician might use a special instrument to calculate large distances Ask: What type of skills would you need to become a survey technician? Ask: How does a closed switch allow electricity to flow through a circuit? Example: Most switches turn the electric current on or off Define: A device that can make, break, or change the flow of electric current in a circuit Vocabulary Routine transformer (trans färºmәr) © Macmillan/McGraw-Hill Grade Photograph by © Peter Casolino/Alamy Photograph by © Steve Weston © Macmillan/McGraw-Hill Grade (sü näºmē) tsunami Vocabulary Routine Define: Something that changes the voltage of electric current Example: Some transformers increase voltage as electric current leaves a power plant, then others decrease the voltage before it enters a home Ask: Why is it necessary to have an electric current go through a transformer before it enters a home? Ask: What kind of damage does a tsunami when it reaches the coastline? Example: A tsunami is usually caused by an earthquake in the ocean Define: A giant ocean wave Vocabulary Routine understory (әnºdәr stôrªē) © Macmillan/McGraw-Hill Grade Photograph by © Kevin Schafer/Peter Arnold Inc Photograph by © AGE Fotostock/Superstock © Macmillan/McGraw-Hill Grade (tәrºbīn) turbine Vocabulary Routine Define: A type of engine that provides the mechanical energy for a generator Example: A simple turbine looks like an electric fan that moves when steam, water, or air pushes against the blades Ask: What part of a turbine is pushed or spun by moving air or water? Ask: How much sunlight would you see in the understory of a jungle? Example: Leopards, frogs, and many insects live in the understory Define: The area in a forest between the canopy and the ground Vocabulary Routine valley (vaºlē) © Macmillan/McGraw-Hill Grade Photograph by © Carmel Studios/Superstock Photograph by © Steve Weston © Macmillan/McGraw-Hill Grade (vent) vent Vocabulary Routine Define: An area of low land between hills or mountains Example: Rivers can cut away at landforms and create valleys Ask: What happens to the soil when a river cuts away land to form a valley? Ask: Why can the vent of a volcano become clogged? Example: During eruption, lava and rocks are forced out of the volcano’s vent Define: The central opening in a volcano Vocabulary Routine weathering (wethºәr ing) © Macmillan/McGraw-Hill Grade Photograph by © Enlightened Images/Animals Animals/Earth Scene Photograph by © Gary Braasch/CORBIS © Macmillan/McGraw-Hill Grade (vol cāºnō) volcano Vocabulary Routine Define: A mountain that builds up around an opening in Earth’s crust Example: When trapped energy is released from a volcano, there may be an explosive eruption Ask: Where on Earth are volcanoes most often found? Ask: How plants contribute to weathering of rocks? Example: Freezing, wind, and pressure can lead to weathering Define: The natural processes that break down rocks without transporting them Vocabulary Routine .. .Vocabulary Cards Vocabulary Cards help build word knowledge and understanding of Science Glossary terms by: • providing an opportunity for vocabulary preview, review,... • supporting the acquisition of academic language for English learners Vocabulary Cards can be placed in your classroom Science Center abiotic factor (āªbī otºik fakºtәr) © Macmillan/McGraw-Hill... time Vocabulary Routine adaptation (aªdapªtāºshәn) © Macmillan/McGraw-Hill Grade Photograph by © Ron Sanford/CORBIS Photograph by © Greg Harris © Macmillan/McGraw-Hill Grade (alºjē) algae Vocabulary