Header Page of 126 i STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF EDUCATIONAL INSPECTION ACTIVITIES IN THANH HOA PROVINCE A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of International Graduate School Southern Luzon State University, Lucban, Quezon, Philippines In Collaboration with Thai Nguyen University, Socialist Republic of Vietnam In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Education Management LE MINH HUNG April, 2014 Footer Page of 126 Header Page of 126 i APPROVAL SHEET The Dissertation of LE MINH HUNG entitled STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF EDUCATIONAL INSPECTION ACTIVITIES IN THANH HOA PROVINCE Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in Educational Management In the Graduate School Southern Luzon State University, Republic of the Philippines in collaboration with Thai Nguyen University, Socialist Republic of Vietnam has been approved by the Committee _ Member Member Chairman DR APOLONIA A.ESPINOSA Adviser DR APOLONIA A ESPINOSA Dean, Graduate School Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Educational Management WALBERTO MACARANAN, Ed D Vice President, Academic Affairs _ Date Footer Page of 126 Header Page of 126 ii ACKNOWLEDGMENT The researcher wishes to extend his most sincere gratitude to the following people, who in one way or another, made this piece of work a reality: Dr Cecilia N Gascon, President of Southern Luzon State University, Republic of the Philippines, who made possible the linkage with Thai Nguyen University and the offering of Doctor of Philosophy in Educational Management, through the ITC-TUAF; Dr Dang Kim Vui, President of Thai Nguyen University, who developed the linkage with Southern Luzon State University, Republic of the Philippines and the offering of Doctor of Philosophy in Educational Management, through the ITC-TUAF; Dr Apolonia A Espinosa, his research adviser, for his support and supervision throughout his graduate study program His advice and support during the conduct of his study has greatly helped him a lot; Prof Nordelina Ilano, Director, Office for International Affairs of SLSU for her outright assistance to the Ph.D students; Dr Tran Thanh Van, the Dean of the Graduate School of Thai Nguyen University, for his assistance and encouragement to pursue this study; Dr Dang Xuan Binh, the Director of International Training Center, for his indefatigable effort to encourage the Ph.D students to pursue this study; To all the SLSU and TNU Professors, who unselfishly shared their time and knowledge throughout the graduate studies in Thai Nguyen University, Vietnam; Special thanks to his family and friends for their support, encouragement for being the sources of greatest inspiration, which made his career a success Le Minh Hung Footer Page of 126 Header Page of 126 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE Page APPROVAL SHEET i ACKNOWLEDGMENT ii TABLE OF CONTENTS iii LIST OF TABLES v LIST OF FIGURES vii LIST OF APPENDIX viii ABSTRACT ix CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………… Background of the Study Objectives of the study Hypothesis of the Study Significance of the Study Scope and Limitation of the Study Definition of Terms CHAPTER REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE .12 Review of Related Literature 10 Research paradigm 41 CHAPTER METHODOLOGY……… … 43 Locale of the Study 43 Research Design 43 Respondents of the study 44 Research Instruments 44 Data Gathering Procedures 45 Statistical Treatment 45 Footer Page of 126 Header Page of 126 CHAPTER iv RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 48 CHAPTER SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .68 Summary 68 Findings 69 Conclusions 71 Recommendations 72 BIBLIOGRAPHY 74 APPENDIX 79 CURRICULUM VITAE 105 Footer Page of 126 Header Page of 126 v LIST OF TABLES 1: Level of Educational Inspection Activities in terms of Professional Inspection…… 48 Level of Educational Inspection Activities in terms of Inspection Management… 49 Level of Educational Inspection Activities in terms of Complaint Management… …50 Educational Qualifications of the Respondent Schools as to Professional Quality of Teachers ………………………………………………………………………………………… ……51 Educational Quality of the respondents' school as to the Performance of Students… .54 Difference between the Schools and their Educational Inspection Activities in terms of Professional Inspection ……………………………………………………………… ……56 Difference between the Schools and their Educational Inspection Activities in terms of Inspection Management…………………………………………………………… ………57 Difference between the Schools and their Educational Inspection Activities in terms of Complaint Management ………………………………………………………… …….57 Relationship of the professional quality of teachers to the Educational Inspection Activities in terms of Professional Inspection ………………………………….…………… ………58 10 Relationship of the professional quality of teachers to the Educational Inspection Activities in terms of Inspection Management……………………………………………… 59 11 Relationship of the professional quality of teachers to the Educational Inspection Activities in terms of Complaint Management…………………………………….…………60 12 Relationship of the Performance of Students to the Educational Inspection Activities in terms of Professional Inspection …………………………………………… .………61 13 Relationship of the Performance of Students to the Educational Inspection Activities in terms of Inspection Management………………………………………… .………… 62 14 Relationship of the Performance of Students to the Educational Inspection Activities in terms of Complaint Management ………………………………………… …………63 Footer Page of 126 Header Page of 126 vi Title: STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF EDUCATIONAL INSPECTION ACTIVITIES IN THANH HOA PROVINCE Researcher: Le Minh Hung Degree Doctor of Philosophy, Development Education Nam/ Address of the Southern Luzon State University Institution Graduate School Lucban, Quezon Date Completed April, 2014 Adviser Dr Apolonia A Espinosa ABSTRACT This study on “Strategies to Improve the Quality of Educational Inspection Activities in ThanhHoa Province” was conducted to find out the strength and weaknesses of educational training qu ality of all school levels in ThanhHoa Province during the Academic Year 20122013, and then to offer suitable measures to improve the quality of educational management Specifically, this study sought to (1) Determine the level of educational inspection activities as to: • Professional inspection • Inspection management • Complaint management (2) Find out the educational quality of the respondent schools as to • Educational qualifications of teachers Footer Page of 126 Header Page of 126 • vii Performance of students (3) Establish the relationship betweeneducational inspection and educational quality; and to (4) Propose a program that will help improve the educational inspection activities This study used the descriptive correlation design in analyzing the investigated variables It is designed to help determine the extent to which different variables are related to each other in the population of interest and state that the critical distinguishing characteristics are the effort to estimate a relationship, as distinguished from simple description Based on the data gathered, the following are the findings of the researcher: The level of educational inspection activities in terms of professional inspection shows that all the teachers in ThanhHoa Province were always using standard grade equivalent with a mean score of 5.00 Teachers were also often pursuing their graduate studies with a mean score of 4.40 And in ThanhHoa, only few teachers were observed to retain or make their student in competent level with a mean score of 1.98 In general, the professional inspections in ThanhHoa were sometimes observed with grand mean of 3.32 While on the level of educational inspection activities in terms of inspection management, it shows that the management of the schools in ThanhHoahave always set specific date for the examination And the administrative activities of the principal and the school managing board were always abided to the instruction of the education and training branch But the transparency on school finances among students, staff and parents were sometimes observed In general, the inspection management was oftenly observed with weighted mean of 3.89 And, on the level of educational inspection activities in terms of complaint management, it shows that unresolved complains are often directly referred to the highest education management with mean score of 4.26 But they are sometimes resolved immediate Footer Page of 126 Header Page of 126 viii remedy in five working days with mean score of 2.66 In general, complaint management inspections were sometimes observed with grand mean of 3.30 Considering the quality of the respondent schools in terms of educational qualifications of teachers, data shows that out of a total of two-hundred eighty-nine (289) teachers who taught in the said province, twenty-six percent (26%) had already attained their master’s degree and the rest seventy-four percent (74%) were still at their bachelor’s degree This presents the distribution of the ten schools in ThanhHoa Province based on the highest educational attainment of the employed teachers Whilst the educational quality of the respondents’ school as to the performance of the students, data shows that the students in high school of ThanhHoaperforms 70 to 75 percent in classroom level, 50 to 65 percent in inter-school level and only 25 to 35 percent got into regional level; the students’ performance in secondary school was 40 to 50 percent in classroom-level, 35 to 40 percent performance in inter-school level and 15 to 20 percent performance in provincial level And, data shows that the performances of the students in primary schools was 45 to 55 percent in classroom level, 40 to 50 percent in inter-school level and 20 to 35 percent were in provincial level In view of the significant difference of the educational inspection activities in terms of professional inspection of the ten schools, results show that the observed professional inspection were significantly different from the ten schools Having p-value of 0.031 that is less than to its threshold value of 0.05 leads to the rejection of the null hypothesis; thus, the ten schools in ThanhHoa Province have different level on their educational inspection activities in professional inspection Considering the significant difference of the educational inspection activities in terms of inspection management of the ten schools, it shows that the observed inspection management was the same as observed in the ten schools in ThanhHoa Having p-value of 0.246 that is greater than to its threshold value of 0.05 leads to the acceptance of the null Footer Page of 126 Header Page 10 of 126 ix hypothesis; thus, the ten schools in ThanhHoa Province have same level on their educational inspection activities in inspection Management While on the significant difference of the educational inspection activities in terms of complaint management to the ten schools, it shows that the observed complaint management was the same as observed in the ten schools in ThanhHoa Having p-value of 0.103 that is greater than to its threshold value of 0.05 leads to the acceptance of the null hypothesis; thus, the ten schools in ThanhHoa Province have same level on their educational inspection activities in complaint Management On the significant relationship of the professional quality of teachers to the level of the educational inspection activities of the school in terms of professional inspection, it shows that the educational degree of the teachers in ThanhHoa Province doesn’t affect the level of professional inspection that the school was observed Having p-value of 0.747 that is greater than to their threshold value of 0.05 leads to the acceptance of the null hypothesis; thus, the level of the educational inspection activities of the school in terms of professional inspection doesn’t affect by the educational degree of the teacher Footer Page 10 of 126 Header Page 101 of 126 91 28 August 2013 CERTIFICATE OF VERIFICATION This is to certify that I have reviewed and verified the questionnaire of Mr Le Minh Hung (Mr Ten) in relation to his research entitled “Strategies to Improve the Quality of Educational Inspection Activities in ThanhHoa Province” and found the stated items appropriate and essential in the study (Signed) LE THI THANH HUYEN Head Teacher, THCS An Hoach Footer Page 101 of 126 Header Page 102 of 126 92 28 August 2013 CERTIFICATE OF VERIFICATION This is to certify that I have reviewed and verified the questionnaire of Mr Le Minh Hung (Mr Ten) in relation to his research entitled “Strategies to Improve the Quality of Educational Inspection Activities in ThanhHoa Province” and found the stated items appropriate and essential in the study (Signed) HOANG THI HAU Head Teacher, Truong THCS Dong Tan Footer Page 102 of 126 Header Page 103 of 126 93 28 August 2013 CERTIFICATE OF VERIFICATION This is to certify that I have reviewed and verified the questionnaire of Mr Le Minh Hung (Mr Ten) in relation to his research entitled “Strategies to Improve the Quality of Educational Inspection Activities in ThanhHoa Province” and found the stated items appropriate and essential in the study (Signed) LE THI THANH HOA Head Teacher, Truong Pho Thong Nguyen Mong Tuan Footer Page 103 of 126 Header Page 104 of 126 94 28 August 2013 CERTIFICATE OF VERIFICATION This is to certify that I have reviewed and verified the questionnaire of Mr Le Minh Hung (Mr Ten) in relation to his research entitled “Strategies to Improve the Quality of Educational Inspection Activities in ThanhHoa Province” and found the stated items appropriate and essential in the study (Signed) CAO ANH TINH Name Head Teacher, Truong Trung Hoc Pho thong Nguyen Trai Position and Name of School Footer Page 104 of 126 Header Page 105 of 126 95 Appendix D STATISTICAL COMPUTATION One-way ANOVA: Nguyen Trai , Nguyen Mong , Ham Ronghig, An Hoach sec, Source DF SS MS F P Factor 0.7792 0.0866 2.09 0.031 Error 279 11.5762 0.0415 Total 288 12.3554 S = 0.2037 R-Sq = 6.31% R-Sq(adj) = 3.28% Individual 95% CIs For Mean Based on Pooled StDev Level N Mean StDev + -+ -+ -+ - Nguyen Traihigh 32 3.3188 0.1731 Nguyen MongTuan 48 3.3604 0.2238 Ham Rong high sc 52 3.2827 0.2093 ( -* ) ( * ) ( * -) An Hoachseconda 22 3.3455 0.2283 ( * ) Dong Tan seconda 27 3.3481 0.2101 ( -* -) Dong Hung primar 31 3.3065 0.2175 Dong Tan primary 23 3.4087 0.1857 Footer Page 105 of 126 ( -* -) ( * ) Header Page 106 of 126 96 Dong Linh A prim 20 3.2750 0.1888 ( -* ) An Hoachkinderg 21 3.3381 0.1830 ( * ) Dong Tan kinderg 13 3.1538 0.1561 ( * ) + -+ -+ -+ 3.12 3.24 3.36 3.48 Pooled StDev = 0.2037 One-way ANOVA: Nguyen Trai , Nguyen Mong , Ham Ronghig, An Hoach sec, Source DF SS MS F P Factor 0.2859 0.0318 1.28 0.246 Error 279 6.9093 0.0248 Total 288 7.1952 S = 0.1574 R-Sq = 3.97% R-Sq(adj) = 0.88% Individual 95% CIs For Mean Based on Pooled StDev Level N Mean StDev + -+ -+ -+ - Nguyen Traihigh 32 3.8750 0.2140 Footer Page 106 of 126 ( -* ) Header Page 107 of 126 97 Nguyen MongTuan 48 3.8896 0.1533 ( * -) Ham Rong high sc 52 3.8923 0.1713 ( -* ) An Hoachseconda 22 3.9045 0.1214 ( -* -) Dong Tan seconda 27 3.9259 0.1534 Dong Hung primar 31 3.8516 0.1589 ( -* ) ( * ) Dong Tan primary 23 3.8739 0.1287 ( -* -) Dong Linh A prim 20 3.8800 0.1196 ( * ) An Hoachkinderg 21 3.9524 0.1078 ( -* -) Dong Tan kinderg 13 3.8000 0.1683 ( * ) + -+ -+ -+ 3.760 3.840 3.920 4.000 Pooled StDev = 0.1574 One-way ANOVA: Nguyen Trai , Nguyen Mong Tuan, Ham Ronghig, An Hoach sec, Source DF SS MS F P Factor 1.566 0.174 1.64 0.103 Error 279 29.584 0.106 Total 288 31.150 S = 0.3256 R-Sq = 5.03% R-Sq(adj) = 1.96% Footer Page 107 of 126 Header Page 108 of 126 98 Individual 95% CIs For Mean Based on Pooled StDev Level N Mean StDev + -+ -+ -+ - Nguyen Traihigh 32 3.2563 0.2285 ( * -) Nguyen MongTuan 48 3.1583 0.3619 ( * -) Ham Rong high sc 52 3.3269 0.3350 ( -* -) An Hoachseconda 22 3.2591 0.5086 ( * ) Dong Tan seconda 27 3.3444 0.2847 ( -* -) Dong Hung primar 31 3.3613 0.2333 ( -* -) Dong Tan primary 23 3.3478 0.2502 ( * ) Dong Linh A prim 20 3.3550 0.3845 ( -* ) An Hoachkinderg 21 3.3762 0.2737 ( * ) Dong Tan kinderg 13 3.3692 0.3199 ( -* ) + -+ -+ -+ 3.15 3.30 3.45 3.60 Pooled StDev = 0.3256 Chi-Square Test: low(PI), high(PI) Expected counts are printed below observed counts Chi-Square contributions are printed below expected counts low(PI) high(PI) Total Footer Page 108 of 126 Header Page 109 of 126 188 99 31 219 187.17 31.83 0.004 0.021 Total 59 11 59.83 10.17 0.011 0.067 247 70 42 289 Chi-Sq = 0.104, DF = 1, P-Value = 0.747 Chi-Square Test: low(IM), high(IM) Expected counts are printed below observed counts Chi-Square contributions are printed below expected counts low(IM) high(IM) Total 2 217 3.03 215.97 0.351 0.005 0.97 Footer Page 109 of 126 68 69.03 219 70 Header Page 110 of 126 Total 100 1.097 0.015 285 289 Chi-Sq = 1.469, DF = P-Value = 0.226 Chi-Square Test: low(CM), high(CM) Expected counts are printed below observed counts Chi-Square contributions are printed below expected counts low(CM) high(CM) Total 158 61 219 158.38 60.62 0.001 0.002 Total 51 19 50.62 19.38 0.003 0.007 209 70 80 289 Chi-Sq = 0.013, DF = 1, P-Value = 0.908 Footer Page 110 of 126 Header Page 111 of 126 101 Data on Educational Attainment of the Respondents Academic Degree Name of School Master's Bachelor Master total Percentage Nguyen Trai high school 15 17 32 53 Nguyen Mong Tuan high school 22 26 48 54 Ham Rong high school 24 28 52 54 An Hoach secondary school 19 22 14 Dong Tan secondary school 27 27 Dong Hung primary school 31 31 Dong Tan primary school 23 23 Dong Linh A primary school 20 20 An Hoach kindergarten 21 21 Dong Tan kindergarten 13 13 289 26 Total Footer Page 111 of 126 215 74 Header Page 112 of 126 102 Data On Performance of Students Performance of Students (All subject areas) Name of School Nguyen Exam taken Exam Taken Exam taken Classroom Inter-School Provincial Level Level Level 70% 50% 25% Math Awardee got very good got very good Inter-school Level TraiHigh School got very good Awards received Provincial Level Nguyen Mong Tuan High 75% 60% 35% Math Awardee got verygood got verygood got very good Inter-School Level School Ham Rong High School Provincial Level 75% 55% 30 % Awardee got very good got very good got very good Inter- School Level 50% 40% got very 20 % Awardee got very good good got very good Inter-School Level 40% 35 % got very 15 % got very good good got very good None 50% got very 40% 30% Awardee good got very good got very good Inter-school level (Primary (Primary school) (Primary An Hoach Secondary School Dong Tan Secondary School Dong Hung Primary School Footer Page 112 of 126 Header Page 113 of 126 103 school) Dong Tan Primary School Dong Linh A Primary School An Hoach Kindergarten school) 45% 45% 20% None Very good Very good Very good 55% 50% 35% Awardee Very good Very good Very good Inter-school Level 55% 55% 35% (Kindergarte (Kindergarten (Kindergarten Awardee n school) school) school) Inter-school Level 45% 40% 25% None Dong Tan Kindergarten Footer Page 113 of 126 Header Page 114 of 126 104 CURRICULUM VITAE Name: LE MINH HUNG (TEN) Address: 53 PhanHuy Chu, Tan Son Ward ThanhHoa city, Viet Nam Date of Birth: November 2nd, 1970 Place of Birth: Dong Son District –ThanhHoa Province Nationality: Vietnamese Religion: No Civil Status: Married Educational Attainment: Graduate Studies: 2010 – now: Research Student Southern Luzon State University Lucban, Quezon, Philippines (A joint program with Thai Nguyen UniversitySocialist Republic of Vietnam) 2005 – 2007: Master of Arts in Teaching English VinhPedagogicalUniversity NgheAn, Viet Nam Tertiary: Bachelor of Arts in Teaching English 1986 – 1990 VinhPedagogicalUniversity NgheAn, Vietnam High School: Student 1982 – 1985 Dong Son II High School ThanhHoa, Viet Nam Footer Page 114 of 126 Header Page 115 of 126 105 Secondary: Student (1978 – 1982) Thieu Van Secondary School ThanhHoa, Viet Nam Primary: Student (1975 – 1978) Thieu Hung Primary School ThanhHoa, Viet Nam Footer Page 115 of 126 ... Espinosa ABSTRACT This study on “Strategies to Improve the Quality of Educational Inspection Activities in ThanhHoa Province” was conducted to find out the strength and weaknesses of educational training... students; Dr Tran Thanh Van, the Dean of the Graduate School of Thai Nguyen University, for his assistance and encouragement to pursue this study; Dr Dang Xuan Binh, the Director of International Training... apply some applicable innovation strategies and policies in education and training in the way it is pointed out by Vietnam Government To strengthen education and training career, first and foremost