SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO NAM ĐỊNH TRƯỜNG THPT C NGHĨA HƯNG BÁO CÁO SÁNG KIẾN Đề tài : Mệnh đề quan hệ hệ thống tập phát triển lực học sinh Tác giả: PHẠM THỊ NGÂN Trình độ chuyên môn: Cử nhân tiếng Anh Chức vụ: Giáo viên tiếng Anh Đơn vị công tác: Tổ tiếng Anh – Trường THPTC Nghĩa Hưng Nghĩa Hưng,ngày tháng năm 2016 Tên sáng kiến: Mệnh đề quan hệ hệ thống tập phát triển lực học sinh Lĩnh vực áp dụng sáng kiến: Môn tiếng Anh lớp 10, 11, chương trình Thời gian áp dụng sáng kiến: - Khối lớp 11 (từ tuần học thứ 20- tuần 28 năm học 2015- 2016) - Khối lớp 10 (tuần học thứ 7- tuần học thứ năm học 2015- 2016) Tác giả: - Họ tên: Phạm Thị Ngân - Năm sinh: 5/11/1984 - Nơi thường trú: Xóm 3- Nghĩa Phúc- Nghĩa Hưng - Trình độ chuyên môn: Cử nhân tiếng Anh - Chức vụ công tác: Giáo viên - Nơi làm việc:Trường THPT C Nghĩa Hưng - Điện thoại: 01643752366 - Tỷ lệ đóng góp tạo sáng kiến: 100% Đơn vị áp dụng sáng kiến: Tên đơn vị: Trường THPT C Nghĩa Hưng Địa chỉ: Thị trấn Rạng Đông – Nghĩa Hưng – Nam Định Điện thoại: 03503873162 BÁO CÁO SÁNG KIẾN A Điều kiện hoàn cảnh tạo sáng kiến - Mệnh đề quan hệ phần kiến thức quan trọng chương trình tiếng anh THPT Phần kiến thức có mặt chương trình khối lớp + English 10 ( unit 4, unit 5) + English 11 (unit 9, unit 10, unit 11, unit 12) + English 12 (unit 6) - Sự thay đổi cấu trúc đề thi tốt nghiệp môn tiếng Anh Bộ Giáo dục Đào tạo, đề thi có từ đến câu liên quan tới mệnh đề quan hệ Đặc biệt, viết đoạn văn, học sinh sử dụng phần kiến thức làm viết phong phú thêm - Mặc dù không dạng kiến thức mẻ khó nhiều học sinh lại hay mắc lỗi làm dạng tập có liên quan phần kiến thức chưa phù hợp với lực người học B Mô tả giải pháp I Thực trạng trước áp dụng sáng kiến Sau nhiều năm dạy tiếng Anh trường THPT C Nghĩa Hưng, thấy đa phần học sinh nhận vai trò quan trọng việc hình thành kĩ làm dạng tập ngữ pháp Tuy nhiên đa số em học sinh chưa hứng thú với buổi học lý thuyết làm tập áp dụng để củng cố lý thuyết Mặt khác nhiều học sinh chưa có thói quen tự tìm tập có liên quan Nguyên nhân chủ yếu tình trạng em chưa ý học, ghi chép không đầy đủ, đặc biệt học sinh xếp dạng tập cách lộn xộn, không từ kiến thức dễ đến khó nên sinh tình trạng chán nản học Hiện nay, học sinh cung cấp số lượng khổng lồ nguồn tài liệu từ sách tham khảo internet, Tuy nhiên điều lại gây khó khăn cho học sinh việc lựa chọn nguồn kiến thức phù hợp với lực thân để đáp ứng mục tiêu học tập Vấn đề HS phải tìm cách tự học- tự đọc để có kết cao Đây điểm yếu nhiều HS, tự học phù hợp với lực học tập vấn đề mà giáo viên cần quan tâm để đưa cách dạy, cách học cho HS Theo phương pháp truyền thống, tiến trình tiết học lý thuyết thường diễn sau: giáo viên cung cấp kiến thức, sau tập áp dụng Điều có lợi học sinh cung cấp lý thuyết cách đầy đủ Tuy nhiên, em thường lúng túng làm tập chưa phù hợp với lực học sinh Thực trạng trường THPT C Nghĩa Hưng không ngoại lệ Nếu dạy theo cách truyền thống phần kiến thức mệnh đề quan hệ học sinh khó khăn giải tập dẫn tới kết kiểm tra kì thi chưa cao Cụ thể: * Số liệu thống kê trước áp dụng sáng kiến học sinh khối 10 11 sau: * Kết trước hướng dẫn Lớp Giỏi (%) Khá (%) Trung (%) bình Điểm (%) 10A1 20 40 30 10 10A2 15 34 35 16 11A 10 13 47 30 12A8 14 46 35 Từ thực tế lựa chọn đề tài hệ thống tập để phát triển lực học sinh theo mức độ, giúp HS phát triển lực học tập tự tin với kì thi II Mô tả giải pháp sau có sáng kiến Vấn đề cần giải Lý thuyết mệnh đề quan hệ xây dựng hệ thống tập liên quan tới phần kiến thức Cụ thể sau 1.1 Khái niệm - Mệnh đề quan hệ mệnh đề phụ nối với mệnh đề đại từ quan hệ (who, whom, whose, which, that) hay trạng từ quan hệ (where, when, why) Mệnh đề quan hệ đứng đằng sau danh từ, bổ sung ý nghĩa cho danh từ.Chức giống tính từ gọi mệnh đề tính ngữ * Ví dụ: The woman who lives next door is a doctor 1.2 Các đại từ quan hệ a Who: (…sb+ who+ V…) - Là đại từ quan hệ người làm chủ ngữ, đứng sau tiền ngữ người để làm chủ ngữ cho động từ đứng sau - Theo sau who động từ Eg: + The man who is sitting by the fire is my father + That is the girl who helped me with my housework b Whom: (…sb+ whom + S+ V…) - Là đại từ quan hệ người làm tân ngữ, đứng sau tiền ngữ người để làm tân ngữ cho động từ đứng sau -Theo sau whom chủ ngữ Eg: + The woman whom I wanted to see was away on holiday c Whose: (…sb+ whose + n….) - Là đại từ quan hệ người, thay cho tính từ sở hữu Whose dùng cho of which -Theo sau Whose danh từ Eg: + He is the man whose car has been stolen d Which: (…st+ which+….) - Là đại từ quan hệ vật, làm chủ ngữ tân ngữ cho động từ sau - Theo sau which động từ chủ ngữ Eg: This is the book I like it best.=> This is the book which I like best The hat is red It is mine.=> The hat which is red is mine - Khi which làm tân ngữ, ta lược bỏ which Eg: This is the book I like best The dress (which) I bought yesterday is very beautiful e That: (…sb/st + that+…) - Là đại từ quan hệ người lẫn vật, dùng thay cho Who, Whom, Which mệnh đề quan hệ thuộc loại Restricted Clause (Mệnh đề xác định) Eg: + That is the book that I like best.=>That is the bicycle that belongs to Tom + My father is the person that I admire most + I can see the girl and her dog that are running in the park * Chú ý cách sử dụng "that" - Khi cụm từ đứng trước vừa danh từ người vật Eg: He told me about the places and people that he had seen in London - Sau tính từ so sánh nhất, first … last…., next Eg: This is the most interesting film that I’ve ever seen Moscow is the finest city that she’s ever visited That is the last letter that he wrote She was the first person that broke the silence - Sau từ all, only (duy nhất) very (chính là) Eg: All that he can say is this I bought the only book that they had You’re the very man that I would like to see - Sau đại từ bất định( anything, something…) Eg: He never says anything that is worth listening to I’ll tell you something that is very interesting - Trong mẫu câu nhấn mạnh It + be+……that… 1.3 Các trạng từ quan hệ a When: trạng từ quan hệ thời gian, đứng sau tiền ngữ thời gian, dùng thay cho at, on, in + which, then Eg: + May Day is the day when people hold a meeting (= on which) + I’ll never forget the day when I met her (=on which) + It was the time when he managed the company (= at which) b Where: trạng từ quan hệ nơi trốn, thay cho a, on, in + which; there) Eg: That is the village where I was born (= in which) c Why: trạng từ quan hệ lí do, đứng sau tiền ngữ “the reason”, dùng thay cho “for the reason” Eg: + Please tell me the reason why she left so early (= for which) + Mike told me the reason why he had been late * Bảng tổng hợp cách dùng đại từ trạng từ quan hệ 1.Who: (…sb+ who+ V…) Whom: (…sb+ whom + S+ V…) 3.Whose: (…sb+ whose + n….) 4.Which: (…st+ which+….) That: (…sb/st + that+…) 6.When: (…the day/ the time+ when…) Where: (…the place + where…) 8.Why: (…the reason + why….) 1.4 Các loại mệnh đề quan hệ: có ba loại mệnh đề quan hệ a Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định ( restrictive relative clause) - Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước, phận quan trọng câu,nếu bỏ mệnh đề nghĩa rõ ràng Eg : + The girl who is wearing the blue dress is my sister b Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định (non- restrictive relative clause ) - Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước,là phần giải thích thêm, bỏ mệnh đề nghĩa rõ ràng - Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định thường ngăn với mệnh đề dấu phẩy Danh từ đứng trước thường tên riêng trước danh từ thường có từ như: this, that, these, those, my, his her…đứng trước - Không dùng that mệnh đề không xác định Eg: + My brother , who is sitting next to mike, is a doctor + This girl, whom you met yesterday, is my daughter c Mệnh đề quan hệ nối tiếp - Mệnh đề quan hệ nối tiếp dùng để giải thích câu, trường hợp dùng đại từ quan hệ which dùng dấu phẩy để tách hai mệnh đề Mệnh đề đứng cuối câu (whichever, whoever, whatever, whomever…) Eg: + He won the game, which made my family happy + Mary tore Tom’s letter, which made him sad 1.5 Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ: (mệnh đề quan hệ rút gọn theo cách:) a Using participle phrases (sử dụng phân từ) - Present participle: Dùng cho động từ mệnh đề quan hệ thể chủ động Ta dùng present participle phrase thay cho mệnh đề (bỏ đại từ quan hệ trợ động từ, đưa động từ nguyên mẫu thêm –ing) + Eg1 The man who is sitting next to you is my uncle -> The man sitting to you is my uncle + Eg Do you know the boy who broke the windows last night? -> Do you know the boy breaking the windows last night? b Using past participle - Past participle: Dùng cho động từ mệnh đề quan hệ thể bị động (Bỏ đại từ quan hệ, trợ động từ bắt đầu cụm từ past participle) Eg1: The books which were written by To Hoai are interesting -> The books written by To Hoai are interesting Eg2: The students who were punished by the teacher are lazy ->The students punished by the teacher are lazy Eg3: The house which is being built now belongs to Mr Pike -> The house built now belongs to Mr Pike c Using “to infinitive” or “infinitive phrase” (for sb to do): Bỏ đại từ quan hệ, bỏ chủ ngữ trợ động từ, bắt đầu cụm từ “infinitive” - Khi tiền ngữ với số thứ tự hay từ “only” Eg: He was the first man who reached the top of this mountain -> He was the first man to reach the top of this mountain - Khi mệnh đề tính từ diễn tả : cần thiết/ nhiệm vụ phải thực (must, have to, should…) + Hai mệnh đề khác chủ từ Eg: English is an important language which we have to master English is an important language for us to master + Hai mệnh đề chủ từ Eg: He has some homework that he must -> He has some homework to d Using noun phrases - Mệnh đề quan hệ không xách định rút gọn cách dùng cụm danh từ Eg1: + George Washington, who was the first president of the United States, was a general in the army -> George Washington, the first president of the United States, was a general in the army + The woman (who is) in the long dress/ whose dress is long/ who is wearing the long dress is my teacher 1.6 Giới từ với mệnh đề quan hệ - Chỉ có hai đại từ quan hệ Whom which thường có giới từ kèm giới từ đứng trước đại từ quan hệ cuối mệnh đề quan hệ Eg1: The man about whom you are talkingis my brother The man (whom) you are talking about is my brother Eg2: The picture at which you are looking is very expensive The picture ( which) you are looking at is very expensive Chú ý: - Khi giới từ đứng cuối mệnh đề quan hệ ta bỏ đại từ quan hệ dùng that thay cho whom which mệnh đề quan hệ xác định - Khi giới từ đứng trước đại từ quan hệ ta có bỏ đại từ quan hệ có dùng that thay cho whom which 1.7 Một số ghi khác a Các đại từ quan hệ có chức tân ngữ mệnh đề quan hệ xác định lược bỏ Eg: Do you know the boy (whom) we met yesterday? That’s the house (which) I have bought - Tuy nhiên đại từ quan hệ có chức tân ngữ mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định lược bỏ Eg: Mr Tom, whom I spoke on the phone to , is very interested in our plan b Khi danh từ nói đến tân ngữ giới từ, ta đưa giới từ đứng trước đại từ quan hệ Trường hợp dùng Whom Which Miss Brown, with whom we studied last year, is a very nice teacher Mr Cater, to whom I spoke on the phone last night, is very interested in our plan Fortunately we had a map, without which we would have got lost You’re the very man that I would like to see c Sau đại từ bất định He never says anything that is worth listening to I’ll tell you something that is very interesting 1.8 Chú ý cách dùng cấu trúc mở đầu cho mệnh đề quan hệ: all, most, none, neither, any, either, some, (a)few, both, half, each, one, two, several, many, much, + of which/whom - Daisy has three brothers, all of whom are teachers - I tried on three pairs of shoes, none of which fitted me - He asked me a lot of questions, most of which I couldn’t answer - Two boys, neither of whom I had seen before, came into my class - They have got two cars, one of which they seldom use - There were a lot of people at the meeting, few of whom I had met before 1.2 Hệ thống tập phát triển lực học sinh 1.2.1 DẠNG : Dạng mức độ nhận biết( thường dạng điền vào chỗ trống ) * Cách hướng dẫn học sinh - Nắm bảng đại từ quan hệ trạng từ quan hệ - Xem thật kĩ thành phần đứng trước đứng sau từ cần điền Eg: She married a man ………… she met on a bus a Whom b whose c he d which Bài tập Fill in the blanks with Relative pronouns or Relative adverbs where necessary Let me see all the letters _ you have written Is there any one can help me this? Mr Brown, _ is only 34, is the director of this company I know a place roses grow in abundance It was the nurse told me to come in The teacher with we studied last year no longer teaches in our school They showed me the hospital buildings had been destroyed by US bombings We saw many soldiers and tanks were moving to the front Dr Fleming, _ discovered penicillin, was awarded the Nobel Prize for medicine in 1945 10 He joined the political party _ was in power 11 Love, is a wonderful feeling, comes to everyone at some time in his life 12 Freedom is something for _ millions have given their lives 13 It is easy to find faults in people we dislike 14 The really happy people are those _ enjoy their daily work 15 We must find a time _ we can meet and a place _ we can talk * Key which/that whom 11 which who where 12 which who that/which 13 whom where who 14 who who 10 which 15 when/ where b Bài tập Choose the most suitable word to complete sentence My friend,Jack,(that, who, whose) parents live in Glasgow, invited me to spend Christmas in Scotland Here’s the computer program (that, whom, whose) I told you about I don’t believe the story (that, who, whom) she told us Peter comes from Witney,(that, who, which) is near Oxford This is the gun with (that, whom, which) the murder was committed Is this the person ( who, which, whose) you asked me about Have you received the parcel (whom, whose, which) we sent you? That’s the girl (that, who, whose) brother sits next to me The meal,(that, which, whose) wasn’t very tasty, was expensive 10 We didn’t enjoy the play ( that, who, whose) we went to see 11 She gives her children everything (that, what, who) they want 12 Tell me (what, that, which) you want and I’ll have you 13.The reason (why, that, what) I phoned him was to invite him to party 14 I don’t like people (who, whom, whose) never stops talking 15 The day (which, that, when) they arrived was Sunday 16 Ann,(whose, who, whom) children are at school all day is trying to get a job * Key whose which which 13 why that6 who 10 that 14 who that7.which 11 that 15 when which whose 12 what 16 whose Bài tập Choose the best answer 1/ We'd like to buy a house _ overlooks West lake A.who B.whose C.where D.which 2/ The woman _ daughter Jack loves is very kind A.whose B.who C.whom D.which 3/ The letter _ she received this morning is from the USA A.who B.whose C.whom D.which 4/ I don't know the girl _ is wearing a long blue dress A.whom B.whose C.which D.who 5/ The police are asking the man _ car has been stolen A.whom B.whose C.which D.that 6/ Spring is the time _ many kinds of flowers blossom A.who B.where C.which D.when 7/ English is the subject _ she is good at A.what B.which C.where D.who 8/ He went to the sport club _ he first met his wife A.which B.who C.where D.whose 9/ He will never forget the day _ his mother died A.which B.who C.where D.when 10/ The man _ my sister loves is very intelligent A.which B.whom C.whose D.when *Key D A D D B D B C D 10 B Bài tập Write “who, whom, that, which, or X” to complete the sentences 1/ Have you got the money _ I lent you yesterday ? 2/ Peter, _ I had seen earlier, wasn’t at the party 3/ This is the machine _ cost half a million pounds 4/ Mary, _ had been listening to the conversation, looked angry 5/ Have you read the book _ I gave you ? 6/ The house, _ they bought three months ago, looks lovely 7/ Mrs.Jackson, _ had been very ill, died yesterday 8/ Is this the person _ stole your handbag ? * Key 10 Which Which Whom Which Which Who Who Who Bài tập 5.Write “where, when, or why” to complete the sentences 1/ We visited the school _ my father taught 2/ I met her last month _ she came to our house 3/ We all looked at the place _ the fire had started 4/ Did they tell you the reason _ they were late? 5/ They arrived in the evening, at a time _ we were all out 6/ I couldn’t understand the reason _ they were so rude 7/ I met him in the cafe _ he was working as a waiter 8/ I listen to music late at night, _ the children have gone to bed 9/ I bought them in August, _ I was in France * Key where why where when when when where why when Bài tập 6.Find one mistake in each sentence * 1/ The police are looking the paintings which stolen last night 2/ The girl who were injuired in the accident yesterday is my friend 3/ The boy who bike I borrowed speaks English well 4/ Have you found the wallet where you lost yet? 5/ The books were written by Jack London are very interesting 6/ The restaurant where we often go to overlooks a beuatiful lake 7/ Dogs are the animal who I like 8/ The man which she is speaking to is my teacher 9/ Football is the sport when many people are keen on 10/ The girl stands over there is very nice * Key 1/ The police are looking for the paintings which stolen last night (were stolen) 2/ The girl who were injuired in the accident yesterday is my friend (were) 3/ The boy who bike I borrowed speaks English well (whose) 4/ Have you found the wallet where you lost yet? (which) 5/ The books were written by Jack London are very interesting ( books which were ) 6/ The restaurant where we often go to overlooks a beautiful lake ( go ) 7/ Dogs are the animal who I like (which) 8/ The man which she is speaking to is my teacher (whom) 11 9/ Football is the sport when many people are keen on (which) 10/ The girl stands over there is very nice ( girl who ) Bài tập Find the option which needs correcting 1.The person to who he is phoning is his mother A B C D 2.The beach on where we used to lie for sunbathing is very nice and clean A B C D 3.The storm N09, for which we are waiting, have changed its direction A B C D 4.The company where my sister work for produces shoes A B C D Can you show me the shop which I can buy a watch for my daughter A B C D Key B A C B B 1.2.2.DẠNG : Dạng mức độ thông hiểu (xác định mệnh đề quan hệ xác định không xác định) * Cách hướng dẫn học sinh Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định dùng danh từ đứng trước là: + Danh từ riêng + Các đại từ định: this , that, these , those + Tính từ sở hữu: my, his ,her… + Các định ngữ, bổ ngữ Eg: - This is Mrs Jones, who helped me last week - Mary, whose sister I know, has won an Oscar Bài tập Complete the sentences with whose, who, which, or where Dublin, is the capital of Ireland, is my favourite city Amelia, mother is from Shanghai, speaks English and Chinese fluently This smartphone, I bought last week, takes great photos Bucking ham Palace, .the Queen of England lives, is in the centre of London Ferraris, .are made in Italy, are very expensive Russell Crowe, starred in Gladiator, was born in New Zealand Emily, brother is a singer, is in my English class Mr Kemp, teaches physics, is going to retire next year * Key which which whose who 12 which where whose who Bài tập2 Study the situations and then decide whether the following relative clauses are defining or non-defining (defining – no commas; nondefining – commas) I have three brothers a My brother who lives in Sidney came to see me last month b My brother, who lives in Sidney, came to see me last month 2.I have one sister a My sister who is 25 years old spent her holiday in France b My sister, who is 25 years old, spent her holiday in France Bob's mum has lost her keys a Bob's mum who is a musician has lost her car keys b Bob's mum, who is a musician, has lost her car keys My friend Jane moved to Canada a friend Jane whose husband is Canadian moved to Canada last week b My friend Jane, whose husband is Canadian, moved to Canada last week I am a shoe fanatic a The shoes which I bought yesterday are very comfortable b The shoes, which I bought yesterday, are very comfortable Mr Robinson is very famous a Mr Robinson whom I met at the trade fair is a famous inventor b Mr Robinson, whom I met at the trade fair, is a famous inventor * Key b b b c b b Bài tập ARE THESE RELATIVE CLAUSES DEFINING OR NONDEFINING (D/ N)? London, which is the capital of England, is one of the largest cities in the world This is the dress my mother has made for me Queen Elizabeth II, who is 83, has been the queen of England for 57 years now That's the dog that bit me 13 Tom Cruise, who has starred a lot of films, is a famous American actor The village where I grew up is very small Greg, whose job involves travelling a lot, has been in nearly all the countries in the world The office I have just rented is near my home This is the officer that arrested the burglar 10 Lady Gaga, who is a well-known pop star, is only 24 * Key N D 3.N 4.D 5.N 6.D 7.N 8.D 9.D 10 N DẠNG : Dạng mức độ vận dụng (nối hai câu sử dụng đại từ quan hệ) Hướng dẫn học sinh làm - Xác định đại từ quan hệ - Sử dụng dấu phẩy (,) chỗ Bài tập Rewrite these sentences, using relative pronouns Brenda is a friend.I went on holiday with her -> …………………………………………… This is Mr Smith His son Bill plays in our team ->……………………………………………… Her book was published last year It became a best seller ->……………………………………………… 4.This is the bank We borrowed the money from it ->……………………………………………… I told you about a person She is at the door ->……………………………………………… Jack’s car had broken down He had to take a bus ->……………………………………………… I lent you a book The book was written by one my friends ->……………………………………………… Some boys were arrested They have been released ->………………………………………………… Do you know a restaurant? We can have a good meal there ->………………………………………………… 10 I don’t remember the day I left school on that day ->………………………………………………… 11/ This is the man I met him in Paris 12/ I wanted the painting You bought it - 13/ This is the chair My parents gave it to me 14 - 14/ She’s the woman She telephoned the police - 15/ He’s the person He wanted to buy your house - 16/ We threw out the computer It never worked properly - 17/ Are you the man ? The man won the first prize - 18/ The man was badly injured He was driving the car - 19/ The children broke the window They live in the next street - 20/ That’s the woman I was telling you about her - 21/ Romeo and Juliet were lovers Their parents hated each other 22/ This is the story of a man His wife suddenly loses her memory - 23/ A man brought in a small girl Her hand had been cut by flying glass 24/ There’s the lady Her dog was killed 25/ He’s the person His car was stolen - _ 26/ They’re the people Their shop burned down last week 27/ I’m the person You stayed in my flat - 28/ This is a story of a group of boys Their plane crashed on an uninhabited island - 29/ This is Mrs Jones Her son won the championship last year - 30/ I know the woman You bought the car from her son - _ 31/ The roads were crowded with refugees Many of them were wounded - _ 32/ The lorry crashed into a bus-load of schoolchildren Six of them were slightly injured 15 - 33 In prison they fed us on dry bread Most of it was mouldy - _ 34 I saw several houses Most of them were quite unsuitable - _ 35 He introduced me to his students Most of them were from abroad - 36 He expected me to pay 2$ for 12 eggs Four of the eggs were broken - 37 They gave me four very bad tyres One of them burst before I had driven four miles - _ 38/ The car crashed into a queue of people Four of them were killed - 39/ We need a room We can study in that room - 40/ He invited her to eat out on a day It rained heavily on that day 41/ The day was sunny She arrived on that day - _ 42/ September 2nd 1945 was the date President Ho Chi Minh declared the Independence of Vietnam on that date - 43/ I am going to visit the town I was born and grew up in the town - 44/ Hanoi is the city I was born in it - * Key Brenda is a friend with whomI went on holiday This is Mr Smith, whose son Bill plays in our team Her book , which became a best seller, was published last year 4.This is the bank from which we borrowed the money I told you about a person who is at the door Jack , whose car had broken down, had to take a bus I lent you a book which was written by one my friends Some boys who were arrested have been released Do you know a restaurant where we can have a good meal 10 I don’t remember the day when I left school 11.This is the man whom I met in Paris 12 I wanted the painting which you bought 13 This is the chair which my parents gave to me 16 14 She’s the woman who telephoned the police 15 He’s the person who wanted to buy your house 16 We threw out the computer which never worked properly 17 Are you the man who won the first prize? 18 The man who was driving the car was badly injured 19 The children who live in the next street broke the window 20 That’s the woman I was telling you about her 21 Romeo and Juliet were lovers Their parents hated each other 22 This is the story of a man whose wife suddenly loses her memory 23 A man brought in a small girl whose hand had been cut by flying glass 24 There’s the lady whose dog was killed 25 He’s the person whose car was stolen 26 They’re the people whose shop burned down last week 27 I’m the person whose flat you stayed in 28 This is a story of a group of boys whose plane crashed on an uninhabited island 29 This is Mrs Jones , whose son won the championship last year 30 I know the woman whose son you bought the car from 31 The roads were crowded with refugees, many of whom were wounded 32 The lorry crashed into a bus-load of schoolchildren , six of whom were slightly injured 33 In prison they fed us on dry bread, most of which was mouldy 34 I saw several houses most of which were quite unsuitable 35 He introduced me to his students, most of whom were from abroad 36 He expected me to pay 2$ for 12 eggs, four of which were broken 37 They gave me four very bad tyres, one of which burst before I had driven four miles 38 The car crashed into a queue of people, four of whom were killed 39 We need a room where can study 40/ He invited her to eat out on a day when it rained heavily 41/ The day when arrived was sunny 42/ September 2nd 1945 was the date when President Ho Chi Minh declared the Independence of Vietnam 43/ I am going to visit the town where I was born and grew up 44/ Hanoi is the city where I was born Bài tập Rewrite these sentences, using relative pronouns Exercise : Nối câu sau đại từ quan hệ : She is the most intelligent woman whom I ‘ve ever met This doctor whom you visited yesterday is famous The police want to know the hotel where Mr Foster stayed two weeks ago 17 I have not decided the day when I ‘ll go to London He doesn’t want to sell the house where he was born I looked at the moon which was very bright that evening The man is my farther, whom I respect most The boy is my cousin whom you made fun of The man called the police whose wallet was stolen 10 A man who said Tom was out answered the phone 11 Phuong Thoa is a singer, whose music you like best 12 This man was a brave man whom no one trusted 13 He Tom, whose father goes swimming everyday, is 78 years old 14 Do you know the girl? Tom is talking to her 15 Here is his address which you should write to 16 Thank you for your letter, which you told me a very interesting story in 17 I gave it to the poor man whose name was Long 18 Uncle Ho lived in that house which is now a museum 19 The man is my teacher, whose daughter learns with me DẠNG : Dạng mức độ vận dụng cao (rút gọn đại từ quan hệving/ Vpp/ to V/ N…) * Hướng dẫn học sinh làm - Xác định chức ngữ pháp đại từ quan hệ - Rút gọn theo quy tắc Eg: He was the man who looked at the picture Bài tập : Hãy rút gọn mệnh đề tính từ câu sau 1) We had a river in which we could swim 2) Here are some accounts that you must check 3) The last student that was interviewed was Tom 4) We visited Hanoi, which is the capital of VN 5) My father, who is a pilot, often goes abroad 6) I was the only one who realized him 7) I have some homework which I must tonight 8) Our solar system is in a galaxy that is called the Milky Way 9) I was awakened by the sound of a laughter which came from the room which was next to mine at the motel 10) There are six reports which have to be typed today ->Key: 1) We had a river to swim in 2) Here are some accounts for you to check 18 3) The last student to be interviewed was Tom 4) We visited Hanoi, the capital of VN 5) My father, a pilot, often goes abroad 6) I was the only one to realize him 7) I have some homework to tonight 8) Our solar system is in a galaxy called the Milky Way 9) I was awakened by the sound of a laughter coming from the room next to mine at the motel 10) There are six reports to be typed today Bài tập Combine each pair of the following sentences using relative pronouns then reduce the relative clause in each sentence We spent our holiday in Scotland last year Scotland is in the north of Great Britain Last year we _ People live in Scotland They are called Scots The people _ We first went to Edinburgh Edinburgh is the capital of Scotland We first Arthur Conan Doyle was born in Edinburgh He wrote the Sherlock Holmes stories Arthur Conan Doyle _ Then we visited a lake It is in the Highlands The lake _ Loch Ness is 37 km long People know it for its friendly monster Loch Ness _ There we met an old man He told us that he had seen Nessie An old man We then travelled to a mountain The mountain is near the town of Fort William We then The mountain is the highest mountain in Great Britain It is called Ben Nevis The mountain 10 I sent you a postcard It was written on the summit of Ben Nevis The postcard _ -> Key: We spent our holiday in Scotland in the north of Great Britain last year People live in Scotland called Scots We first went to Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland 19 Arthur Conan Doyle writing the Sherlock Holmes stories was born in Edinburgh Then we visited a lake in the Highlands Loch Ness, people know for its friendly monster, is 37 km long There we met an old man telling us that he had seen Nessie We then travelled to a mountain near the town of Fort William The mountain is the highest mountain in Great Britain called Ben Nevis 10 I sent you a postcard written on the summit of Ben Nevis Bài tập 3.Combine each pair of the following sentences using relative pronouns then reduce the relative clause in each sentence Dr Leo Evans is a famous doctor He eats in this restaurant every day The pupil is not clever He is sitting next to me The book is on the top shelf It is the one that I need Libya is a leading producer of oil It is a country in Africa The girl is drinking coffee She is my classmate Credit cards are used in international trade They are very convenient The radio helped men to hear distant sound It was invented many years ago The man was brought to the police station He denied stealing the money The man is angry He is in the room 10 Dr Archer Sudan is a famous doctor He was awarded the first Annual 20 Community Service Medal 11 Do you know that student ? He is coming toward us 12 The students are having final test They look very nervous 13 James is the best worker of our company He has just received a promotion 14 Bill Clinton is the forty-second president of The United States He is from Arkansas 15 The breaker is on the counter It contains a solution -> Key Dr Leo Evans is a famous doctor eating in this restaurant every day The pupil sitting next to me is not clever The book ,the one that I need, is on the top shelf Libya, a country in Africa, is a leading producer of oil The girld,my classmate, is drinking coffee Credit cards used in international trade are very convenient The radio invented many years ago helped men to hear distant sound The man brought to the police station denied stealing the money The man in the room is angry 10 Dr Archer Sudan is a famous doctor awarded the first Annual Community Service Medal 11 Do you know that student coming toward us? 12 The students having final test look very nervous 13 James, the best worker of our company, has just received a promotion 14 Bill Clinton is from Arkansas is the forty-second president of The United States 15 The breaker containing a solution is on the counter Tính mới, khác biệt giải pháp so với giải pháp cũ Giống phương pháp truyền thống, đề tài giáo viên cung cấp cho HS lượng kiến thức đầy đủ Tuy nhiên đề tài này, 21 GV hệ thống kiến thức cách dễ nhớ cho HS, phù hợp với lực người học: xây dựng khái niệm-> đưa cách sử dụng đại từ trạng từ quan hệ bảng tổng hợp có dấu hiệu nhận biết (mức độ nhận biết)-> nhận biết mệnh đề quan hệ xác định không xác định (Thông hiểu, vận dụng) -> cách rút gọn đại từ quan hệ có hướng dẫn cách làm (vận dụng cao) Đặc biệt, giáo viên xây dựng hệ thống tập mệnh đề quan hệ có đáp án phù hợp với lực học sinh theo cấp độ, giúp học sinh củng cố kiến thức lý thuyết, có xếp khoa học dạng tập đạt kết cao kì thi kiểm tra Cụ thể, giáo viên khảo sát kết sau có hướng dẫn phần kiến thức với lớp học khảo sát sau: * Kết sau hướng dẫn Lớp Giỏi (%) Khá (%) Trung (%) bình Điểm (%) 10A1 45 33 22 10A2 36 36 28 11A 27 31 42 12A8 22 30 48 Những áp dụng khác sáng kiến Vì kết đạt trên, áp dụng cho học sinh khối 10, 11, sáng kiến dành cho bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi luyện thi tốt nghiệp THPT khối 12 việc củng cố kiến thức III Hiệu sáng kiến đem lại Mặc dù sáng kiến không mang lại hiệu kinh tế cách rõ rệt hiệu mặt xã hội lớn Do có định hướng phù hợp với lực người học, sáng kiến giúp học sinh dễ nắm bắt kiến thức hứng thú với việc học tiếng Anh Bởi góp phần nâng cao chất lượng giáo dục, đặc biệt khả sử dụng tiếng Anh cách thành thạo nhất, giúp học sinh tự tin giao tiếp lĩnh hội nhiều kiến thức qua việc đọc nhiều sách viết tiếng Anh tiếp cận Internet IV Cam kết không chép vi phạm quyền Sau lên ý tưởng cho sáng kiến này, tham khảo số nguồn để làm cho phần trình bày đựơc khoa học xác như: 22 AdrianDoff, Teach English- Cambridge University Press in asociation with The BritishCouncil Raymond Murphy- English Grammar in use Tiếng Anh 10,11: Hoàng Văn Vân, NXB Giáo Dục Bài tập tiếng Anh 10,11- Mai Lan Hương Internet Tuy nhiên xin cam đoan việc lên ý tưởng, trình bày ý tưởng xếp sáng kiến cá nhân tự làm Nếu cấp phát sản phẩm chép người khác ,tôi xin chịu hoàn toàn trách nhiệm TRƯỜNG THPTC NGHĨA HƯNG TÁC GIẢ SÁNG KIẾN Phạm Thị Ngân 23 ... chọn đề tài hệ thống tập để phát triển lực học sinh theo mức độ, giúp HS phát triển lực học tập tự tin với kì thi II Mô tả giải pháp sau có sáng kiến Vấn đề cần giải Lý thuyết mệnh đề quan hệ xây... Các loại mệnh đề quan hệ: có ba loại mệnh đề quan hệ a Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định ( restrictive relative clause) - Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước, phận quan trọng... xây dựng hệ thống tập liên quan tới phần kiến thức Cụ thể sau 1.1 Khái niệm - Mệnh đề quan hệ mệnh đề phụ nối với mệnh đề đại từ quan hệ (who, whom, whose, which, that) hay trạng từ quan hệ (where,