Header Page of 89 B GIO DC V éO TO VIN HN LM KH & CN VIT NAM VIN KHOA HC VT LIU NGUYN TH MINH THY NGHIấN CU CH TO V TNH CHT QUANG CA CHM LNG T BN DN HP CHT BA NGUYấN T I-III-VI2 (CuInS2) LUN N TIN S KHOA HC VT LIU H NI - 2014 Footer Page of 89 Header Page of 89 B GIO DC V éO TO VIN HN LM KH & CN VIT NAM VIN KHOA HC VT LIU NGUYN TH MINH THY NGHIấN CU CH TO V TNH CHT QUANG CA CHM LNG T BN DN HP CHT BA NGUYấN T I-III-VI2 (CuInS2) Chuyờn ngnh: Vt liu Quang hc, Quang in t v Quang t Mó s: 62 44 50 05 LUN N TIN S KHOA HC VT LIU NGI HNG DN KHOA HC: GS TS NGUYN QUANG LIấM PGS TS V DON MIấN H NI- 2014 Footer Page of 89 Header Page of 89 LI CM N Li u tiờn, tụi xin by t lũng kớnh trng v bit n sõu sc ti hai ngi thy hng dn l GS TS Nguyn Quang Liờm v PGS TS V Doón Miờn, nhng ngi thy ó nh hng cho tụi t khoa hc, tn tỡnh ch bo v to rt nhiu thun li cho tụi sut quỏ trỡnh thc hin lun ỏn Tụi xin chõn thnh cm n cỏc cỏn b v nghiờn cu sinh phũng Vt liu Quang in t (TS Trn Th Kim Chi, TS ng Th Diu Thỳy, ThS Trn Th Thng Huyn, CN Lờ Vn Long, TS Phm Th Thy,) - nhng ngi ó luụn giỳp , khớch l, ng viờn tụi sut thi gian lm lun ỏn Tụi xin chõn thnh cm n cỏc cỏn b Phũng Thớ nghim Trng im Quc gia v vt liu v linh kin in t, Vin Khoa hc vt liu ó giỳp tụi thc hin phộp o nh vi hỡnh thỏi, ph nhiu x tia X v ph tỏn x Raman Tụi xin trõn trng cm n B phn o to sau i hc, Vin Khoa hc Vt liu, ó to iu kin thun li cho tụi lm lun ỏn nghiờn cu sinh Tụi xin gi li cm n ti cỏc cỏn b, ging viờn, c bit l Ban lónh o khoa Giỏo dc THCS v Ban lónh o Trng i hc S phm, i hc Thỏi Nguyờn ó ng viờn, to iu kin thun li cho tụi tụi thc hin tt lun ỏn Tụi xin trõn trng cm n B Giỏo dc v o to, Vin Khoa hc vt liu, ó to iu kin thun li cho tụi lm lun ỏn nghiờn cu sinh Nhõn dp ny tụi xin dnh nhng tỡnh cm sõu sc nht ti nhng ngi thõn gia ỡnh: M, anh, ch, em ó chia s nhng khú khn, thụng cm v ng viờn, h tr tụi Footer Page of 89 Header Page of 89 Cui cựng tụi xin dnh nhng tỡnh cm c bit v bit n ca mỡnh ti chng v cỏc con, bng tỡnh yờu, s cm thụng, quan tõm v chia s, ó cho tụi ngh lc, to ng lc cho tụi thc hin thnh cụng lun ỏn H Ni, ngy thỏng nm 2014 Tỏc gi, Nguyn Th Minh Thy Footer Page of 89 Header Page of 89 Li cam oan Tụi xin cam oan õy l cụng trỡnh nghiờn cu ca riờng tụi di s hng dn ca GS TS Nguyn Quang Liờm v PGS TS V Doón Miờn Cỏc s liu v kt qu lun ỏn l trung thc v cha c cụng b bt c cụng trỡnh no khỏc Tỏc gi lun ỏn Nguyn Th Minh Thy Footer Page of 89 Header Page of 89 MC LC Danh mc cỏc ch vit tt v ký hiu Danh mc cỏc bng Danh mc cỏc hỡnh v M U Chng 1: Tng quan v vt liu nanụ v bỏn dn hp cht I-III-VI2 cu trỳc nanụ 1.1 Mt s hiu ng c bit ca vt liu nanụ 1.1.1 Hiu ng giam gi lng t 1.1.2 Hiu ng b mt 10 1.2 Tớnh cht quang ca vt liu bỏn dn cu trỳc nanụ 12 1.2.1 Tớnh cht hp th 13 1.2.2 Tớnh cht phỏt quang 16 1.2.2.1 Mt s c ch phỏt quang 16 1.2.2.2 Tớnh cht phỏt quang ph thuc nhit 18 1.3 Vt liu bỏn dn hp cht nguyờn I-III-VI2 cu trỳc nanụ 19 Kt lun chng 27 Chng 2: Cỏc phng phỏp thc nghim s dng lun ỏn 29 2.1 Phng phỏp ch to chm lng t 29 2.1.1 ng hc quỏ trỡnh to mm 30 2.1.2 ng hc quỏ trỡnh phỏt trin tinh th 33 2.1.3 Phng phỏp phun núng (hot-injection) 35 2.1.4 Phng phỏp gia nhit (heating-up) 36 2.1.5 Phng phỏp thu nhit (hydrothermal) 37 2.2 Mt s phng phỏp nghiờn cu vi hỡnh thỏi v cu trỳc ca vt liu 2.2.1 Phng phỏp nghiờn cu vi hỡnh thỏi 38 2.2.1.1 Kớnh hin vi in t quột (SEM) 38 2.2.1.2 Kớnh hin vi in t truyn qua (TEM) 39 2.2.2 Phng phỏp nghiờn cu cu trỳc Footer Page of 89 38 40 Header Page of 89 2.2.2.1 Phng phỏp nhiu x tia X 40 2.2.2.2 Phng phỏp ph tỏn x Raman 42 2.3 Mt s phng phỏp nghiờn cu tớnh cht quang ca vt liu 44 2.3.1 Phng phỏp ph hp th 44 2.3.2 Phng phỏp ph hunh quang 45 2.3.2.1 Phng phỏp ph hunh quang dng 46 2.3.2.2 Phng phỏp ph hunh quang phõn gii thi gian 47 Kt lun chng 48 Chng 3: Cụng ngh ch to, vi hỡnh thỏi v cu trỳc ca chm lng t 50 CuInS2, CuIn(Zn)S2 v CuInS2/ZnS 3.1 Chm lng t CuInS2 v CuInS2/ZnS cu trỳc lừi/v 3.1.1 Ch to chm lng t CuInS2 v lừi CuInS2/ v ZnS 3.1.1.1 Ch to chm lng t CuInS2 lừi bng phng phỏp gia nhit 50 50 50 3.1.1.2 Ch to chm lng t CuInS2 lừi bng phng phỏp phun núng 57 3.1.1.3 Ch to chm lng t CuInS2 bng phng phỏp thu nhit 58 3.1.1.4 Bc v cỏc chm lng t CuInS2 vi ZnS 62 3.1.2 nh vi hỡnh thỏi v cu trỳc ca chm lng t CuInS2 v CuInS2/ZnS 66 3.1.2.1 nh vi hỡnh thỏi ca chm lng t CuInS2 v CuInS2/ZnS 66 3.1.2.2 Cu trỳc ca chm lng t CuInS2 v CuInS2/ZnS 68 3.2 Chm lng t bỏn dn hp cht CuIn(Zn)S2 v CuIn(Zn)S2/ZnS 74 3.2.1 Ch to cỏc chm lng t hp cht CuIn(Zn)S2 v CuIn(Zn)S2/ZnS 74 3.2.1.1 Ch to cỏc chm lng t hp cht CuIn(Zn)S2 lừi 74 3.2.1.2 Bc v ZnS cho chm lng t hp cht CuIn(Zn)S2 76 3.2.1.3 Ch to cỏc chm lng t CuIn(Zn)S2 v CuIn(Zn)S2/ZnS Footer Page of 89 mụi trng nc 76 3.2.2 nh vi hỡnh thỏi v cu trỳc ca chm lng t hp cht CuIn(Zn)S2 78 3.2.2.1 nh vi hỡnh thỏi ca chm lng t hp cht CuIn(Zn)S2 78 3.2.2.2 Cu trỳc ca chm lng t hp cht CuIn(Zn)S2 80 Header Page of 89 3.3 Chm lng t hp cht CuIn(Al)S2 82 3.3.1 Ch to cỏc chm lng t hp cht CuIn(Al)S2 82 3.3.2 Cu trỳc ca cỏc chm lng t hp cht CuIn(Al)S2 85 Kt lun chng 86 Chng 4: Tớnh cht quang ca chm lng t CuInS2 v CuIn(Zn)S2 87 4.1 Hiu ng giam gi lng t 88 4.2 nh hng ca t l cỏc tin cht Cu:In 94 4.3 Th ng hoỏ b mt chm lng t CuInS2 bng lp vt liu v ZnS 95 4.4 Hunh quang tỏi hp in t-l trng cỏc cp ụno-axộpto 99 4.5 Vai trũ ca Zn s hỡnh thnh v phỏt trin cỏc chm lng t lừi hp cht CuIn(Zn)S2 104 4.6 Vai trũ ca Al s iu chnh nng lng vựng cm v nng lng tỏi hp phỏt quang chm lng t CuIn(Al)S2 110 4.7 Tớnh cht hp th v hunh quang ph thuc nhit ca chm lng t CuIn(Zn)S2 112 4.8 S truyn nng lng gia cỏc chm lng t lừi hp cht CuIn(Zn)S2 117 Kt lun chng 119 KT LUN 121 DANH MC CC CễNG TRèNH CễNG B 123 TI LIU THAM KHO 124 Footer Page of 89 Header Page of 89 DANH MC CC BNG STT Trang Bng 1.1 S nguyờn t v nng lng b mt ca ht nano cu to t nguyờn t ging Bng 1.2 11 Tớnh cht hunh quang ca cỏc tinh th nanụ thuc nhúm II-VI v I-III-VI [32] 24 74 Bng 3.1 Cỏc mode dao ng c trng ca CIS (CIS ch to diesel) Bng 3.2 Cỏc mode dao ng c trng ca CIS v CIZS (Cu:In:S = 0,8:1:2; In/MPA = 1/70; to mm nhit phũng; thi gian v nhit phỏt trin tinh th 60 phỳt, 120 oC Bng 4.1 nh hp th, hunh quang ca chm lng t CIZS ch to diesel theo t l phõn t Zn:(Cu+In) Footer Page of 89 82 106 Header Page 10 of 89 DANH MC HèNH V STT Trang Hỡnh 1.1 Cu trỳc vựng nng lng ca tinh th khi, chm lng t v phõn t Hỡnh 1.2 Mt trng thỏi ca in t t cỏc h bỏn dn 3D, ging lng t 2D, dõy lng t 1D v chm lng t 0D Hỡnh 1.3 Mt s chuyn di in t hp th quang: 1- Hp th riờng; 2-Hp th exciton; 3a, 3b- Hp th bi cỏc ht ti in t do; 4a, 4b- Hp th cht - vựng gn; 4c, 4dHp th cht - vựng xa; 5- Hp th gia cỏc cht 14 Hỡnh 1.4 Cỏc dng chuyn mc vựng-vựng bỏn dn 15 Hỡnh 1.5 Cỏc quỏ trỡnh hp th v phỏt quang tinh th 17 Hỡnh 1.6 Cu trỳc v nng lng vựng cm ca h bỏn dn hp cht nguyờn I-III-VI2 20 21 Hỡnh 1.7 Cu trỳc mng lp phng ca ZnS (a) v mng tinh th CuInS2 (b) Hỡnh 1.8 Mt s hỡnh nh ng dng ca chm lng t CIS ỏnh du hunh quang (a), chiu sỏng (b) v ch to pin mt tri (c) Hỡnh1.9 23 Ph hp th v hunh quang ca cỏc chm lng t CIS ch to dung mụi ODE (hỡnh trờn) v chm lng t CIZS c ch to theo t l Cu:Zn dung mụi ODE 25 10 Hỡnh 1.10 Ph hunh quang ca chm lng t CIS v CIS/ZnS 26 11 Hỡnh 2.1 S thay i ca nng quỏ bóo hũa theo thi gian t 31 12 Hỡnh 2.2 Mt s kt qu mụ phng ca quỏ trỡnh mc mm v phỏt trin ca cỏc nano tinh th Nng ht v quỏ bóo hũa theo thi gian (a) S phỏt trin theo thi gian ca nng ht vi cỏc quỏ bóo hũa khỏc (b), nhit (c), v nng lng t b mt (d) Cỏc hỡnh chốn (b- Footer Page 10 of 89 Header Page 139 of 89 124 TI LIU THAM KHO Ting Vit Trn Th Kim Chi (2010), Hiu ng kớch thc nh hng lờn tớnh cht quang ca CdS, CdSe v CuInS2, Lun ỏn Tin s Khoa hc vt liu Nguyn Quang Liờm (2011), Chm lng t bỏn dn CdSe, CdTe, InP v CuInS2: ch to, tớnh cht quang v ng dng, sỏch chuyờn kho Nh xut bn Khoa hc t nhiờn v cụng ngh, H Ni Nguyn Ngc Long (2007), Vt lý cht rn, Nh xut bn i hc Quc gia H Ni N T M Thy, T T K Chi, N Q Liờm (2011), Tinh th nano CuInS2 ch to dung mụi diesel, Tp húa hc 49, 706-709 N T M Thy, P S Ton, T T K Chi, N Q Liờm (2010), Ch to v nghiờn cu tớnh cht ca tinh th nano CuInS2, Tuyn bỏo cỏo Hi ngh Vt lý cht v Khoa hc vt liu Ton quc ln th NXB Khoa hc T nhiờn v Cụng ngh Tr.258-288 Phm Th Thy (2013), Nghiờn cu ch to v mt s c ch kớch thớch v chuyn hoỏ nng lng vt liu bỏn dn hp cht III-P cu trỳc nanụ, Lun ỏn Tin s Khoa hc vt liu N T M Thy, T T K Chi, N Q Liờm (2013), nh hng ca mt s yu t cụng ngh lờn tớnh cht quang ca cỏc tinh th nano CuInS2 Tp Khoa hc Cụng ngh, ó nhn ng U T D Thỳy, T T K Chi, P S Ton, L Q Phng, P T Thy, N T M Thy, N T Hip, T T T Huyn, N T Loan, N Q Liờm (2013), Vt liu quang in t bỏn dn nanụ: ch to, tớnh cht quang v ng dng,Tp Khoa hc v Cụng ngh, 51, 1-18 Ting Anh A Dijiken, E A Meulenkamp, D Vanmaekelbergh, A J Meijerink (2000), Identification of the transition responsible for the visible Footer Page 139 of 89 Header Page 140 of 89 125 emission in ZnO using quantum size effects, Journal of Luminescence, 90, 123 10 Aby Cheruvathoor Poulose, Srivani Veeranarayanan, Athulya Aravind, Yutaka Nagaoka,Yasuhiko Yoshida, Toru 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(2013), Ternary and quaternary metal chalcogenide nanocrystals: synthesis, properties and applications, J Mater Chem C, 1, 37563776 26 F Bensebaa, C Durand, A Aouadou, L Scoles, X Du, D Wang, Y Le Page (2010), A new green synthesis method of CuInS2 and CuInSe2 nanoparticles and their integration into thin films, J Nanopart Res., 12, 18971903 27 F Chaffar Akkari, R Brini, M Kanzari and B Rezig (2005), High absorbing CuInS2 thin films growing by oblique angle incidence deposition in presence of thermal gradient, Journal of Materials Scienc, 21, 5751-5755 28 Gao F., Han J., Zhang J., Li Q., Sun X., Zheng J., Bao L., Li X., Liu Z (2011), "The synthesis of newly modified CdTe quantum dots and their application for improvement of latent fingerprint detection", Nanotech., 22, p 075705 29 G Manna, S Jana, R Bose, and N Pradhan (2012), Mn-Doped Multinary CIZS and AIZS Nanocrystals, J Phys Chem Lett., 3, 25282534 30 H S Chen, B Lo, J Y Hwang, G Y Chang, C M Chen, S J Tasi, and S J Wang, J Wang 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DỤC VÀ ÐÀO TẠO VIỆN HÀN LÂM KH & CN VIỆT NAM VIỆN KHOA HỌC VẬT LIỆU NGUYỄN THỊ MINH THỦY NGHIÊN CỨU CHẾ TẠO VÀ TÍNH CHẤT QUANG CỦA CHẤM LƯỢNG TỬ BÁN DẪN HỢP CHẤT BA NGUYÊN TỐ I-III-VI2 (CuInS2). .. luận án ' 'Nghiên cứu chế tạo tính chất quang chấm lượng tử bán dẫn hợp chất ba nguyên tố I-III-VI2 (CuInS2)" Footer Page 17 of 89 Header Page 18 of 89 Mục đích luận án Nghiên cứu chế tạo thành... trúc chấm lượng tử hợp chất CuIn(Zn)S2 80 Header Page of 89 3.3 Chấm lượng tử hợp chất CuIn(Al)S2 82 3.3.1 Chế tạo chấm lượng tử hợp chất CuIn(Al)S2 82 3.3.2 Cấu trúc chấm lượng tử hợp chất CuIn(Al)S2