Applying Career Development Theory to Counseling, 6e by Richard Sharf Power Point Slides COPYRIGHT © 2014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc Chapter WHY IS CAREER SATISFACTION IMPORTANT? COPYRIGHT © 2014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc Chapter DEFINITIONS Career – Individuals’ work and leisure (THE MANY ROLES) that their life span takes place over Career Choice – Decisions made during one’s life about work or related activities Jobs – Positions requiring certain skills within an organization Occupations – Similar jobs found in many organizations COPYRIGHT © 2014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc CAREER AND PERSONAL COUNSELING Career counseling includes personal issues Personal counseling includes career issues  Goals may be explicit or implicit COPYRIGHT © 2014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc THEORY DEVELOPMENT Theories must be: Explicit about rules and terms Precise about predictions and limitations Tested through research Consistent and clear COPYRIGHT © 2014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc CAREER DEVELOPMENT THEORY To use career development theories, counselors should consider: Their client populations Their theory of personality and counseling The theory’s ease of use in counseling sessions(chunking) COPYRIGHT © 2014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc A VIEW OF PSYCHOLOGY AS A SCIENCE (DAWIS) Person Environment (Person - Environment Fit) COPYRIGHT © 2014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc CAREER COUNSELING SKILLS Helping skills Knowledge of tests Knowledge of occupational Information Knowledge of career development theory COPYRIGHT © 2014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc Rogers Helping Skills Unconditional Positive Regard Genuineness Congruence Empathy COPYRIGHT © 2014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc Truax and Carkhuff , et.al Helping Skills: Open ending questions non-biased questions discussing paraphrasing reflecting feelings confrontation concreteness specificity COPYRIGHT © 2014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc HELPING SKILLS USED IN CAREER COUNSELING Attending Continuation responses Questioning Restating Giving information not opinion Reflecting content Reinforcement (behavior) Reflecting feelings Family background exploration Test and inventory interpretation COPYRIGHT © 2014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc CAREER COUNSELING SKILLS: KNOWLEDGE OF ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENTS Norms – Scores that are typical of a population – usually presented in Reliability – Dependable and consistent; scores taken on two forms of a Validity – The test measures what it is supposed to measure rcentiles st should be similar COPYRIGHT © 2014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc Three Features of Tests and Inventories Selection (norms, reliability, validity, theoretical concepts)) Administration (test manuals/procedures) Interpretation (counselors knowledge of client and the instrument) COPYRIGHT © 2014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc 10 OCCUPATIONAL INFORMATION Common Sources: Occupational Outlook Handbook Encyclopedia of Careers and Vocational Guidance Occtalk – Talk about occupations Psychtalk – Talk about self COPYRIGHT © 2014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc 11 CAREER COUNSELING SKILLS: KNOWLEDGE OF OCCUPATIONAL INFORMATION Knowledge of work Knowledge of occupational classification systems COPYRIGHT © 2014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc 12 GOALS OF CAREER COUNSELING EXPLICIT – Counselor and client agree on goals Implicit – Assumptions about goals made by the counselor COPYRIGHT © 2014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc 13 TWO TYPES OF THEORIES Longitudinal Age Life Span Theories Relational Theories Cross sectional Trait and Factor Decision-Making Social Learning Social Cognitive COPYRIGHT © 2014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc 14 ETHICAL PRINCIPLES Autonomy – Respect that clients make their own decisions Nonmalficence – Do no harm Beneficence – Help clients by promoting health and well-being Justice – Fairness in dealing with clients and other professionals Fidelity – Honoring commitments to clients, colleagues, and students COPYRIGHT © 2014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc 15 Chapter TRAIT AND FACTOR THEORY Step 1: Gaining self-understanding Step 2: Obtaining knowledge about the world of work Step 3: Integrating information about self (Step 1) and the world of work (Step 2) COPYRIGHT © 2014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc 16 Chapter Self Understanding - Tests Aptitude Tests (future) Ability Tests (current) Achievement Tests (past) COPYRIGHT © 2014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc 16 GAINING SELF-UNDERSTANDING Step 1: Aptitudes Interests Scholastic Assessment Tests Kuder Career Search ACT Tests Strong Interest Inventory Differential Aptitude Tests General Aptitude Test Battery California Occupational Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Test Preference Survey Achievement Values Specific Occupations Study of Values Super’s Work Values – revised Personality California Psychological COPYRIGHT © 2014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc 16 Personality Factors Inventory 17 OBTAINING KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE WORLD OF WORK Step 2: Types of Occupational Information Description Qualification Education Working conditions Salary Employment outlook Advancement Similar careers Information for women and minorities Brief examples COPYRIGHT © 2014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc 18 CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS Step 2: Dictionary of Occupational Titles (DOT) Occupational Information Network (O*NET) Standard Occupational Classification Manual (SOC) Enhanced Guide for Occupational Exploration (GOE) COPYRIGHT © 2014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc 19 INTEGRATING INFORMATION ABOUT SELF AND THE WORLD OF WORK Step 3: Compare test and occupational information Compare interview and occupational information Computer programs (such as SIGI3 and DISCOVER) include all three steps COPYRIGHT © 2014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc 20 What about a Resume? COPYRIGHT © 2014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc 20 [...]... Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc 15 Chapter 2 TRAIT AND FACTOR THEORY Step 1: Gaining self-understanding Step 2: Obtaining knowledge about the world of work Step 3: Integrating information about self (Step 1) and the world of work (Step 2) COPYRIGHT © 2 014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc 16 Chapter 2 Self Understanding - Tests Aptitude Tests (future) Ability... knowledge of client and the instrument) COPYRIGHT © 2 014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc 10 OCCUPATIONAL INFORMATION Common Sources: Occupational Outlook Handbook Encyclopedia of Careers and Vocational Guidance Occtalk – Talk about occupations Psychtalk – Talk about self COPYRIGHT © 2 014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc 11 CAREER COUNSELING... 2 014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc 12 GOALS OF CAREER COUNSELING EXPLICIT – Counselor and client agree on goals Implicit – Assumptions about goals made by the counselor COPYRIGHT © 2 014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc 13 TWO TYPES OF THEORIES Longitudinal Age Life Span Theories Relational Theories Cross sectional Trait and Factor... Psychological COPYRIGHT © 2 014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc 16 Personality Factors Inventory 17 OBTAINING KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE WORLD OF WORK Step 2: Types of Occupational Information Description Qualification Education Working conditions Salary Employment outlook Advancement Similar careers Information for women and minorities Brief examples COPYRIGHT © 2 014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth... COPYRIGHT © 2 014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc 14 ETHICAL PRINCIPLES Autonomy – Respect that clients make their own decisions Nonmalficence – Do no harm Beneficence – Help clients by promoting health and well-being Justice – Fairness in dealing with clients and other professionals Fidelity – Honoring commitments to clients, colleagues, and students COPYRIGHT © 2 014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth... presented in Reliability – Dependable and consistent; scores taken on two forms of a Validity – The test measures what it is supposed to measure rcentiles st should be similar COPYRIGHT © 2 014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc 9 Three Features of Tests and Inventories 1 Selection (norms, reliability, validity, theoretical concepts)) 2 Administration (test manuals/procedures)... Cengage Inc 18 CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS Step 2: Dictionary of Occupational Titles (DOT) Occupational Information Network (O*NET) Standard Occupational Classification Manual (SOC) Enhanced Guide for Occupational Exploration (GOE) COPYRIGHT © 2 014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc 19 INTEGRATING INFORMATION ABOUT SELF AND THE WORLD OF WORK Step 3: Compare test and occupational... Compare test and occupational information Compare interview and occupational information Computer programs (such as SIGI3 and DISCOVER) include all three steps COPYRIGHT © 2 014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc 20 What about a Resume? COPYRIGHT © 2 014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc 20 ... Understanding - Tests Aptitude Tests (future) Ability Tests (current) Achievement Tests (past) COPYRIGHT © 2 014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc 16 GAINING SELF-UNDERSTANDING Step 1: Aptitudes Interests Scholastic Assessment Tests Kuder Career Search ACT Tests Strong Interest Inventory Differential Aptitude Tests General Aptitude Test Battery California Occupational Armed Services...HELPING SKILLS USED IN CAREER COUNSELING Attending Continuation responses Questioning Restating Giving information not opinion Reflecting content Reinforcement (behavior) Reflecting feelings Family background exploration Test and inventory interpretation COPYRIGHT © 2 014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc 8 CAREER COUNSELING SKILLS: KNOWLEDGE OF ASSESSMENT ... Cengage Inc 15 Chapter TRAIT AND FACTOR THEORY Step 1: Gaining self-understanding Step 2: Obtaining knowledge about the world of work Step 3: Integrating information about self (Step 1) and the world... through research Consistent and clear COPYRIGHT © 2 014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc CAREER DEVELOPMENT THEORY To use career development theories, counselors.. .Chapter WHY IS CAREER SATISFACTION IMPORTANT? COPYRIGHT © 2 014 Brooks/Cole*Wadsworth Publishing Company A division of Cengage Inc Chapter DEFINITIONS Career – Individuals’ work and leisure