i THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines RECEPTIVE AND PRODUCTIVE SKILLS OF FRESHMAN STUDENTS IN THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY SYSTEM: BASES FOR LISTENING AND SPEAKING ACTIVITIES A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of Graduate School Batangas State University Batangas City, Philippines In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Of Doctor of Philosophy Major in English By: Hoang Thi Nhung June 2015 Số hóa Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN http://www.lrc.tnu.edu.vn ii THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines APPROVAL SHEET This dissertation entitled “RECEPTIVE AND PRODUCTIVE SKILLS OF FRESHMAN STUDENTS IN THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY SYSTEM: BASES FOR LISTENING AND SPEAKING ACTIVITIES” prepared and submitted by HOANG THI NHUNG in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy major in English has been examined and is recommended for Oral Examination MATILDA H DIMAANO, Ph.D Adviser PANEL OF EXAMINERS Approved by the committee on Oral Examination with a grade of _ DR AMADA G BANAAG Chairman DR MARIA LUISA A VALDEZ Member DR FELIX M PANOPIO Member DR MYRNA G SULIT External Representative Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy major in English Comprehensive Examination: PASSED Date Số hóa Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN MATILDA H DIMAANO, Ph.D Dean, Graduate Studies College of Arts and Sciences http://www.lrc.tnu.edu.vn iii THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines ABSTRACT Title : Receptive and Productive Skills of Freshman Students at Thai Nguyen University System: Bases for Listening and Speaking Activities Author : Hoang Thi Nhung Course : Doctor of Philosophy Major : English Year : 2015 Adviser : Dr Matilda H Dimaano Summary This study aimed to assess the receptive and productive skills among freshman students at Thai Nguyen University, Vietnam It covered the profile of the student respondents including gender, high school graduated from, residence, parents’ education, family income and exposure to English media The respondents listening skills in terms of accuracy, comprehension, vocabulary and spelling were assessed Included also in the study were the levels of student’s speaking skills in terms of pronunciation, fluency, comprehension and vocabulary with English listening and speaking activities as output to enhance the listening and speaking skills of the students Respondents included in the study comprised of 53 English teachers and 380 freshman students The study made use of descriptive method of Số hóa Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN http://www.lrc.tnu.edu.vn iv THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines research utilizing survey questionnaire and teacher- made test as data gathering instruments Data were treated using the following statistics: frequency distribution and percentage, weighted mean, standard deviation, and independent t-test Results of the study indicate that relative to the demographic profile of the student respondents relative to gender, majority of them are female comprising 59.47 percent For residence profile, they are almost equally distributed in urban and suburban areas with a slight five percent higher frequency in urban respondents As to type of high school attended, majority of them come from public schools comprising 85.53 percent For education of parents, less than half of the respondents’ parents or 38.68 percent have tertiary education With regards to exposures to English media, majority of students’ exposure comes from printed means comprising a total of 53.83 percent For the levels of the students’ listening skills in terms of accuracy, they got an average performance rating or 52.0 percent while in the area of comprehension, students got an average performance or 60.0 percent In addition, the vocabulary performance of the students is average or 60.0 percent while in the area of spelling their performance is also average or 52.0 percent Số hóa Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN http://www.lrc.tnu.edu.vn v THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines Relative to the level of the students’ speaking skills, the pronunciation performance of the students is 42.0 per cent while in fluency the performance of the students is 40.0 percent Both got the equivalent rating of low average In comprehension on the other hand students’ performance is average or 52.0 percent In terms of vocabulary, students obtained the rating of 56.0 percent or average As to the relationships between students’ listening and speaking skills, no relationship exists between them except some sub skills where a p-value greater than 0-05 can be noted For the difficulties commonly met by students in listening, results showed that in all four areas the performance rating is above 50 percent, and only the area that got the most difficult rank was a tie between accuracy and spelling On the difficulty in speaking two of the four areas had performance ratings above 50 percent, and two had below 50 percent which are the subskill areas on Pronunciation and Fluency The listening and spelling activities as the output of the study were based on the identified skills areas were students find most difficult and those that showed low rank in the teachers’ perception of frequency use and importance The study recommended that the proposed listening and speaking activities may be reviewed by concerned practitioners for further suggestions and improvements; that efforts should be exerted to address problems and concerns relative to improving listening and speaking performance of students and a similar study may be conducted along this line to other universities Số hóa Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN http://www.lrc.tnu.edu.vn vi THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines ACKNOWLEDGMENT The researcher expresses her profound gratitude and sincere appreciation to all the persons who in their special ways help in making this study a reality She is most grateful to: Dr Dang Kim Vui, President Thai Nguyen University (TNU), Vietnam for his support in making this partnership with Batangas State University possible; Dr Matilda H Dimaano, Dissertation Adviser and Mentor, for all the assistance, guidance, critical comments and suggestions for the improvement of this dissertation Her sound advices and research expertise contributed much in completing this academic endeavor; The Panel of Examiners Dr Corazon B Cabrera, Dr Amada G Banaag, Dr Felix M Panopio, Dr Maria Luisa A Valdez, Dr Myrna G Sulit for their valuable comments and recommendations for the enrichment of this study; Dr Remedios P Magnaye, Recording Secretary, for all her efforts in the preparation and encoding of defense minutes; Dr Nguyen The Hung, Director of the International Training Center, TNU; Dr Nong Quoc Chinh, Rector and Dr Le Thi Thanh Nhan, Vice Rector of Thai Nguyen University of Sciences for their encouragement and support; Số hóa Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN http://www.lrc.tnu.edu.vn vii THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines Her colleagues and classmates, for their support and friendship; The teachers and student-respondents of the study, for their active participation and cooperation; Her parents and sibling for their blessings; Le Tran Kien, husband, and Le Hoang Trung, son, for all their love and support, and for being an inspiration Hoang Thi Nung Số hóa Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN http://www.lrc.tnu.edu.vn viii THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines DEDICATION This humble work is wholeheartedly dedicated to my beloved parents, my loving husband, Le Tran Kien, and my precious son, Le Hoang Trung Hoang Thi Nung Số hóa Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN http://www.lrc.tnu.edu.vn ix THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines TABLE OF CONTENTS Page TITLE PAGE i APPROVAL SHEET ii ABSTRACT iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT vii DEDICATION ix TABLE OF CONTENTS x LIST OF TABLES xiii LIST OF FIGURES xv CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM Introduction Statement of the Problem Scope, Delimitation and Limitation of the Study Significance of the Study 10 II REVIEW OF LITERATURE Conceptual Literature 12 Research Literature 31 Số hóa Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN http://www.lrc.tnu.edu.vn x THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines Synthesis 38 Theoretical Framework 42 Conceptual Framework 44 Hypothesis 47 Definition of Terms 47 III RESEARCH METHOD AND PROCEDURE Research Environment 49 Research Design 51 Subjects of the Study 52 Data Gathering Instrument 53 Data Gathering Procedure 56 Statistical Treatment of Data 57 IV PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA 59 V SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION Summary of Findings 105 Conclusions 115 Recommendation 116 BIBLIOGRAPHY 117 Số hóa Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN http://www.lrc.tnu.edu.vn 147 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam Số hóa Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines http://www.lrc.tnu.edu.vn 148 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam Số hóa Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines http://www.lrc.tnu.edu.vn 149 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam Số hóa Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines http://www.lrc.tnu.edu.vn 150 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam Số hóa Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines http://www.lrc.tnu.edu.vn 151 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines Appendix C: Documentations Research Environment Thai Nguyen University of Sciences Thai Nguyen University of Economic and Business Administration Thai Nguyen University of Education Số hóa Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN http://www.lrc.tnu.edu.vn 152 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Documentation of Permit Signing by Administrators The Researcher with the Administrator of TNU of Sciences Số hóa Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN The Researcher with the Administrator of TNU of Economic and Business Administration http://www.lrc.tnu.edu.vn 153 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam The Researcher with the Administrator of TNU of Agriculture and Forestry BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines The Researcher with the Administrator of TNU of Education Documentation of Dry-Runs to Respondents Dry-Run for Survey Questionnaire for Student Respondents Số hóa Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN http://www.lrc.tnu.edu.vn 154 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines Dry-Run for Survey Questionnaire for Teacher Respondents Documentations of Respondents Teachers answering the test Questionnaires Số hóa Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN http://www.lrc.tnu.edu.vn 155 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines Questionnaires for students at TNUS Questionnaires for students at TNUE Số hóa Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN http://www.lrc.tnu.edu.vn 156 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines Questionnaires for students at TNUEBA Questionnaires for students at TNUAF Số hóa Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN http://www.lrc.tnu.edu.vn 157 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam Số hóa Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines http://www.lrc.tnu.edu.vn 158 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines Appendix D Psychrometric Conversion Table Số hóa Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN http://www.lrc.tnu.edu.vn 159 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines Source:http://faculty.pepperdine.edu/shimels/Courses/Files/ConvTable.pdf Accessed 05/08/2014 Số hóa Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN http://www.lrc.tnu.edu.vn 160 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines CURRICULUM VITAE PERSONAL DATA Name Nickname Address Date of birth Place of birth Nationality Religion Civil Status : Hoang Thi Nhung : Dimples : ≠ 472 Phan Dinh Phung Street, Thai Nguyen City : July 17, 1980 : Pho Yen district, Thai Nguyen Province, Vietnam : Vietnamese : None : Married EDUCATION Graduate Studies : Master of Arts in Teaching English Laguna State Polytechnic University, Laguna, Philippines Tertiary : Bachelor of Arts (Major in English) Thai Nguyen University of Education, Vietnam High School : Thai Nguyen High School, Thai Nguyen City, Vietnam Secondary : Thai Nguyen Secondary School Thai Nguyen City, Vietnam Elementary : Dong Quang Elementary School, Thai Nguyen City, Vietnam WORK EXPERIENCE April 1, 2005 to Present : Thai Nguyen University of Sciences, Vietnam Officer- Teacher Số hóa Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN http://www.lrc.tnu.edu.vn 161 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam Số hóa Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines http://www.lrc.tnu.edu.vn [...]... college instructor teaching Basic English course, the researcher is prompted to conduct a study on receptive and productive skills of Freshman students with the end view of proposing English speaking and listening activities to enhance the students receptive and productive skills Statement of the Problem This study is designed to assess receptive and productive skills among freshman students in Thai Nguyen. .. THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines 5 What are the difficulties commonly met by students in: 5.1 listening; and 5.2 speaking 6 What listening and speaking activities may be suggested for classroom purposes? Scope, Delimitation and Limitation of the Study This study focused on the assessment of the speaking and listening skills of. .. Exposure of the Student Respondents 65 7 Levels of Student's Performance in Listening 67 8 Levels of Students Performance in the Speaking Skill 71 9 T-test Comparison of the Student's Mean Performance in Listening 75 10 T-test Comparison of the Student's Mean Performance in Speaking .76 11 T-test Comparison of the Student's Mean Performance in Listening and Speaking .78... 12 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines First Year Students The findings of this study will make them aware of their level of listening and speaking skills This would give them information on their performance in Basic English and will be an instrument for them to improve their weak points and enhance their over all performance in. .. without panicking; using one’s knowledge of the subject to help one understand; identifying relevant points, rejecting irrelevant information; retaining relevant points; recognizing discourse markers; recognizing cohesion devices; understanding different intonation patterns and uses of stress, as well as understanding inferred information like speaker’s attitude or intention Good listening according to Nicholas... in terms of pronunciation, fluency, comprehension and vocabulary with the end view of proposing English listening and speaking activities to enhance the receptive and productive skills of the students The study covered the four (4) Thai Nguyen Universities in Thai Nguyen City Three hundred and eighty (380) Freshman students and 53 English teachers were used as respondents of the study during the Academic... ĐHTN http://www.lrc.tnu.edu.vn xiii THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam 12 BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines Students Performance in the Listening Skill as to Degree of Difficulty 80 13 Student's Performance in the Speaking Skill as to Degree of Difficulty 81 14 Bases for the Design of Remedial Learning and Speaking Activities 83 Số hóa bởi Trung... http://www.lrc.tnu.edu.vn 5 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines of English words or lack of vocabulary; and their lack of pacing or speed in understanding spoken language Speaking on the other hand is said to be acquired by all human beings who are normally endowed without explicit instruction Among the four skills, speaking is the most demanding and challenging... frameworks of the study, hypothesis, and definition of terms Conceptual Literature The concepts discussed provide a conceptual frame of reference These include oral communication, the art of listening, speaking proficiency and language learning activities Oral Communication The process of expressing information or ideas by word of mouth and verbally transmitting information and ideas from one individual... the freshman students at Thai Nguyen University, Vietnam Profile of the respondents including gender, high school graduated from, residence, parents’ education, and exposure to English media were covered in the study The respondents listening skills in terms of accuracy, comprehension, vocabulary and spelling were assessed Part of the study also included the levels of students speaking skills in terms ... speaking skills in terms of pronunciation, fluency, comprehension and vocabulary with English listening and speaking activities as output to enhance the listening and speaking skills of the students. .. FRESHMAN STUDENTS IN THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY SYSTEM: BASES FOR LISTENING AND SPEAKING ACTIVITIES prepared and submitted by HOANG THI NHUNG in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of. .. art of listening, speaking proficiency and language learning activities Oral Communication The process of expressing information or ideas by word of mouth and verbally transmitting information and