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Mindmap Tuyên ngôn độc lập lớp 12 Sơ đồ tư duy: Đơn giản hóa nội dung bài học, giải quyết được vấn đề quá tải kiến thức; Tối đa khả năng ghi nhớ và tư duy não phải với các đường nét, màu sắc và hình ảnh minh họa; Tạo niềm hứng thú và đặc biệt yêu thích đối với môn học.
TUYÊN NGÔN ĐỘC LẬP Hồ Chí Minh (19/05/1890 - 02/09/1969) Hoàn cảnh: Cách mạng tháng Tám thành công; ngày 2/9 Bác đọc TNĐL Ba Đình (Hà Nội), khai sinh nước Việt Nam dân chủ cộng hòa Đối tượng, Mục đích: Nhân dân VN, nhân dân yêu hòa bình giới, Pháp-Mĩ; Tuyên bố quyền độc lập nước Việt Nam; bác bỏ luận điệu kẻ thù; tâm chiến đấu nhân dân Việt Nam Cơ sở pháp lý "Suy rộng ra": Từ quyền bình đẳng người, Bác nâng lên thành quyền lợi quốc gia, dân tộc => lập luận vững tuyên ngôn độc lập Pháp Mỹ: khẳng định quyền tự bình đẳng người Khái quát Giá trị lịch sử: Chấm dứt chế độ thực dân nửa phong kiến; Mở kỉ nguyên độc lập Khẳng định, đề cao chân lý thời đại qua hai tuyên ngôn Giá trị văn học: Áng văn luận mẫu mực Ràng buộc Pháp Mĩ âm mưu xâm chiếm lại Việt Nam hành động xâm lược chúng không khác bôi nhọ việc làm tổ tiên chúng => dùng "gậy ông đập lưng ông" Chính trị: không cho dân ta dân chủ; thi hành luật pháp dã man; biến nhà tù thành trường học; tắm khởi nghĩa bể máu Kinh tế: bóc lột khiến nước ta xơ xác; cướp ruộng đất, hầm mỏ, nguyên liệu; gây nạn đói khủng khiếp năm 1945 Văn hóa: thi hành sách ngu dân; đầu độc dân ta thuốc phiện rượu cồn, làm nòi giống ta suy nhược Âm mưu: Bán nước ta hai lần cho Nhật => Dẫn chứng hùng hồn, xác thực Tố cáo tội ác thực dân Pháp Tuyên bố thoát li hẳn quan hệ với thực dân Pháp Tuyên bố độc lập tâm bảo vệ độc lập Kêu gọi toàn dân đoàn kết chống lại âm mưu thực dân Pháp Kêu gọi cộng đồng quốc tế công nhận quyền độc lập, tự Việt Nam khẳng định tâm bảo vệ quyền độc lập tự