UNIT 15: WONDERS OF THE WORLD CÁC KỲ QUAN THẾ GIỚI  VOCABULARY A. READING (pages 199-203) ancient (adj) cổ broadcast (v) phát sóng Byzantium (tên cũ của thành phố Istanbul, Thổ Nhó Kỳ) challenge (n) nhiệm vụ khó khăn compile (v) biên soạn compile (v) sưu tập declaration (n) lời tuyên bố Egyptian (adj) (thuộc) Ai Cập frame (n) khung heritage (n) di sản launch (v) khai trương list (n) danh sách locate (v) toạ lạc metal (n) kim loại nominate (v) chính thức Portugal(n) (người/tiếng) Bồ Đào Nha pyramid (n) kim tự tháp sculpture (n) tác phẩm điêu khắc statistic (n) số liệu thống kê Statue of Liberty (n) tượng nữ thần tự do (ở Mỹ) suppose (v) được xem như Swiss (n) người Thụy Só The Great Wall of China: Vạn lý Trường Thành (Trung Quốc) the Jin mao Building (n) Toà Kim Mậu tower (n) tháp vary (v) thay đổi vote (n) sự bỏ phiếu wonder (n) kỳ quan B. LISTENING (pages 203-204) accompany (v) đi cùng với ai architecture (n) kiến trúc battle (n) trận đánh bury (v) chôn cất crown (n) vua emperor (n) hoàng đế generous (adj) rộng lượng give birth to sb (v) sinh ra ai marble (n) cẩm thạch, đá hoa memorial (n) đài tưởng niệm mirror (n) gương mourn (n) thương tiếc, than khóc palace (n) cung điện reflection (n) sự phản chiếu rupee (n) đồng rupi (tiền Ấn Độ) stare (v) nhìn chằm chằm tomb (n) mồ mả C. SPEAKING (pages 204-205) mausoleum (n) lăng sightseeing (n) cuộc tham quan World Cultural Heritage Site Di sản văn hoá thế giới D. WRITING (pages 206-207) aerodynamics (n) khí động lực học biography (n) tiểu sử bridge (n) cây cầu brilliant (n) sự tài giỏi career (n) sự nghiệp coal (n) than đá craftwork (n) nghề thủ công exposition (n) cuộc triển lãm highlight (n) điểm nổi bật interior (adj) bên trong ironwork (n) đồ vật bằng sắt merchant (n) buôn bán person’s family: thành phần gia đình E. LANGUAGE FOCUS (pages 207-210) amusement (n) giải trí celebrity (n) người nổi danh dynasty (n) triều đại foul (adj) xấu imperial (adj) uy nghi monument (n) công trình kỷ niệm penalty (n) cú phạt đền ready-made (adj) làm sẵn referee (n) trọng tài sanctuary (n) điện thờ symbol (n) biểu tượng  WORD STUDY * Compound Adjectives (Tính từ ghép) noun/adv + past participle 1) Các từ ghép với well-: . well-known: nổi tiếng . well-behaved: có hạnh kiểm tốt . well-dressed: thanh lòch, trang nhã . well-kept: được giữ kỹ 2) Các từ ghép với -made: . ready-made: làm sẵn, may sẵn . tailor-made: hoàn toàn thích hợp . custom-made: làm theo yêu cầu của khách hàng . self-made: tự lập, tự tay làm nên, tự thành đạt  GRAMMAR * THE PASSIVE CONSTRUCTION (THÀNH LẬP CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG) 1. Cách đổi 1 - Dùng chủ từ hình thức IT - Động từ trong mệnh đề chính chuyển sang be + past participle (V3) - Mệnh đề phụ danh từ đem xuống, giữ nguyên Ex1: People say that the Eiffel Tower is among the tallest man-made structures in the world. (Người ta nói rằng đỉnh Eiffel là cao nhất trong số các cấu trúc nhân tạo trên thế giới) S1 + V1(present) + that + S2 + V2(present)  It is said that the Eiffel Tower is among the tallest man-made structures in the world.  It + is +V1 past participle + that + S2 + V2(present) Ex2: People say that the Eiffel Tower is among the tallest man-made structures in the world. (Người ta nói rằng đỉnh Eiffel là cao nhất trong số các cấu trúc nhân tạo trên thế giới)  The Eiffel Tower is said to be among the tallest man-made structures in the world. [Cách đổi khác]  S2 + is/are + V1 past participle + to-infinitive (of V2) 2. Cách đổi 2 Ex1: People say that Alexandre Gustave Eiffel designed the metal structures for not only the Eiffel Tower but also the Statue of Liberty. (Người ta nói rằng kiến trúc sư người Pháp Alexandre Gustave Eiffel không chỉ thiết kế đỉnh Eiffel bằng những cấu trúc kim loại mà còn có Tượng thần tự do) S1 + V1(present) + that + S2 + V2(past)  It is said that Alexandre Gustave Eiffel designed the metal structures for not only the Eiffel Tower but also the Statue of Liberty.  It + is +V1 past participle + that + S2 + V2(past) Ex2: People say that Alexandre Gustave Eiffel designed the metal structures for not only the Eiffel Tower but also the Statue of Liberty. (Người ta nói rằng kiến trúc sư người Pháp Alexandre Gustave Eiffel không chỉ thiết kế đỉnh Eiffel bằng những cấu trúc kim loại mà còn có Tượng thần tự do)  S2 + is/are + V1 past participle + to have + past participle (of V2) 3. Cách đổi 3 Ex1: Everybody believed that he had died of AIDS. (Người ta tin rằng anh ta bò chết vì AIDS) S1 + V1(past) + that + S2 + V2(past)  It was believed that he had died of AIDS.  It + was +V1 past participle + that + S2 + V2(past) Ex1: Everybody believed that he had died of AIDS. (Người ta tin rằng anh ta bò chết vì AIDS)  He was believed to have had died of AIDS.  S2 + was/were + V1 past participle + to have + past participle (of V2) UNIT 15: THE WONDERS OF THE WORLD A . VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR I. Circle the best answer for each sentence. 1. The local ………….information office provides a free map of the region of the Giza Plateau. A. tour B. tourist C. tourism D. touristy 2. ………… are places built in ancient Egypt to contain the bodied of their kings and qeens. A. Tombs B. Graves C. Pyramids D. Grave yards 3. What do you intend to do with these ………… of stone. A. pieces B. blocks C. sheets D. sets 4. A huge rock was placed on a base of 100 metres square. A. involved B. suggested C. lifted D. put 5. A ………… is large stone structure or underground room where someone, especially an important person, is buried. A. tomb B. base C. wonder D. block 6. The tomb was broken last night and the ………… stole all the jewelries. A. thieves B. king C. dead D. police 7. A pharaoh was a ……………….of ancient Egypt. A. king B. queen C. prince D. princess 8. The thieves broke into the tomb to steal the treasures. A. mummies B. bodies C. materials D. valuable objects 9. When a pharaoh was dead he was …………….in his pyramid. A. carried B. hidden C. dug D. buried 10. The pharaohs built pyramids to prepare for their ……………… . A. die B. death C. dead D. dying 11. People say that six out of the seven wonders of the ancient world were destroyed. A. It is said that six out of the seven wonders of the ancient world were destroyed. B. Six out of the seven wonders of the ancient world is said to be destroyed. C. Six out of the seven wonders of the ancient world is said to have destroyed. D. Six out of the seven wonders of the ancient world are said to have been destroyed. 12. It is believed that a buried treasure was hidden in the tomb. A. They believed that a buried treasure was hidden in the tomb. B. A buried treasure is believed that was hidden in the tomb. C. A buried treasure is believed to hide in the tomb. D. A buried treasure is believed to have been hidden in the tomb. 13. George …………another trip to Greece. A. is said to be planned B. said to be planned C. said to be planning D. is said to be planning 14. The skyscraper is said to have been built in 1930. A. They said that skyscraper was built in 1930. B. It was said that skyscraper was built in 1930. C. They are said that skyscraper is built in 1930. D. It is said that skyscraper was built in 1930. 15. John ……………… The Great Egypt of Giza. A. said to have been visited B. is said to have been visited C. is said to have visited D. said to have visited 16. Mr. pike ………… the most famous archaeologist in our city. A. says to be B. is said to be C. is said that D. said to be 17. Many people believe that God created the world. A. It believes that God created the world. B. The world is believed God created. C. God is believed to create the world. D. God is believed to have create the world. 18. …………… to be the richest man in the USA. A. Bill Gates B. Bill Gates says C. Bill Gates is D. Bill Gates is said 19. John is said to have been stolen the money. A. It is said John steals the money. B. It is said John stole the money. C. People said John steals the money. D. People say John steals the money. 20. It is said that many people are homeless after the floods. A. Many people say to be homeless after the floods. B. Many people said are homeless after the floods. C. Many people are said to be homeless after the floods. D. Many people are said to have been homeless after the floods. B. WRITING: Rewrite each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the meaning stays the same. 1. People think the government will build a supermarket here. → The government ……………………………………………………………………………… ………… → It ……………………………………………………………………………… …………………………. 2. People believed that fresh air was bad for sick people. → fresh ……………………………………………………………………………… ……………………… → It ……………………………………………………………………………… …………………………. 3. They say he is an agitated state. → He ……………………………………………………………………………… ……………………… . → It ……………………………………………………………………………… …………………………. 4. We expect that the rate of inflation will fall. → The rate of inflation…………………………………………………………………… …………………. → It ……………………………………………………………………………… …………………………. 5. They say he is somewhere in Germany. → He ……………………………………………………………………………… ……………………… → It ……………………………………………………………………………… …………………………. 6. People rumoured that he was involved in the bank robbery. → He ……………………………………………………………………………… ……………………… → It ……………………………………………………………………………… …………………………. 7. People think that she died in a plane crash. → She ……………………………………………………………………………… ……………………… → It ……………………………………………………………………………… ………………………… 8. People believed that the earth was the centre of the universe. → The earth………………………………………………………………………… ……………………… → It ……………………………………………………………………………… …………………………. 9. It is expected that the strike will end soon. → The strike ……………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 10. It is thought that the prisoner escaped by climbing over the wall. → The prisoner ……………………………………………………………………………… …………… 11. It is reported that many people are homeless after the floods. → Many people ……………………………………………………………………………… …………… 12. It is said that the man robbed the stone of $ 3,000 in cash. → The man ……………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 13. It is reported that the building was badly damaged by fine. → The building ……………………………………………………………………………… …………… 14. It is said that the company is losing a lot of money. → The company ……………………………………………………………………………… …………… 15. It is said that she works 16 hours a day. → She ……………………………………………………………………………… ……………………… . UNIT 15: WONDERS OF THE WORLD CÁC KỲ QUAN THẾ GIỚI  VOCABULARY A. READING (pages.  S2 + was/were + V1 past participle + to have + past participle (of V2) UNIT 15: THE WONDERS OF THE WORLD A . VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR I. Circle the best