CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) PASSIVE VOICE 2016 BÀI THE PASSIVE VOICE - THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG I The usage and form: Định nghĩa cấu trúc câu bị động Câu bị động sử dụng người ta biết rõ người thực hành động, người ta không muốn nhắc tới chủ thể hành động, chủ thể hành động chung chung Câu bị động có cấu tạo chung dạng động từ “to be” theo sau phân từ khứ động từ chủ động nhue công thức sau: e.g S – be – Past Participles Hurricanes destroy a great deal of property each year Subject present complement → A great deal of property is destroyed by hurricanes each year singular subject be past participle The tornado destroyed thirty houses Subject past complement → Thirty houses were destroyed by the tornado plural subject be past participle II Turning from active to passive voice: Biến đổi từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động: Formation: Về mặt cấu trúc (bằng công thức cấu tạo) Active: S – V – O Passive: S – be – V-ed (past participles) by – O e.g The committee is– considering several new proposals Subject present progressive complement → Several new proposals are being considered by the committee plural subject auxiliary be past participle The committee was considering several new proposals Subject past progressive complement → Several new proposals were being considered by the committee plural subject auxiliary be past participle Rules: Về mặt qui tắc (bằng ngôn từ) a Step 1: (Bước 1) Chuyển tân ngữ câu chủ động thành chủ ngữ câu bị động b Step 2: (Bước 2) Chuyển động từ câu chủ động thành phân từ khứ câu bị động, trước phân từ điền hình thức động từ “to be” cho với động từ câu chủ động phù hợp với chủ ngữ câu bị động c Step 2: (Bước 2) Chuyển Chủ ngữ câu chủ động thành tân ngữ giới từ “by” câu bị động e.g The company has ordered some new equipment subject present perfect complement → Some new equipment has been ordered by the company Singular subject auxiliary be past participle The company had ordered some new equipment before the strike began Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 1/ PASSIVE CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) PASSIVE VOICE 2016 subject past perfect complement → Some new equipment had been ordered by the company before the Singular subject auxiliary be past participle strike began The manager should sign these contracts today Subject modal + verb complement → These contracts should be signed by the manager today Subject modal be past participle Somebody should have called the president this morning Subject modal + perfect complement → The president should have been called this morning Subject modal have be past participle Notes: (chú ý) - Nếu chủ ngữ câu chủ động people, someone, somebody, no one, nobody, they,… ta thực bước thứ - Khi chuyển từ câu bị động sang câu chủ động ta thực qui trình ngược so với qui tắc e.g They will build a bridge over the river next year → A bridge over the river will be built next year (without “by them”) Some one stole his car → His car was stolen (without “by someone”) III Example of various passive sentences: Một số ví dụ hình thức bị động Simple present passive: Bị động thường a Form: S – am/ are/ is – past participles b Examples: – (by O) A: The teacher punishes the boy → P: The boy is punished by the teacher A: The man kicks the ball → P: The ball is kicked by the man A: People speak English everywhere → P: English is spoken everywhere Present progressive passive: Bị động tiếp diễn a Form: S – am/ are/ is – being – past participles b Examples: – (by O) A: The teacher is explaining the rules → P: The rules are being explained by the teacher A: The boy is doing his homework → P: Homework is being done by the boy A: They are talking about the pollution problems → P: The pollution problems are being talked about Present perfect passive: Bị động hoàn thành a Form: S – have/ has – been – past b Examples: participles – (by O) A: The teacher has given marks to ten students → P: Marks have been given to ten students by the teacher A: The man has just bought a new car → P: A new car has just been bought by the man Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 2/ PASSIVE CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) PASSIVE VOICE 2016 A: They have changed the date of the meeting → P: The date of the meeting has been chnged Simple past passive: Bị động khứ thường a Form: S – was/ were– past participles – b Examples: (by O) A: The teacher punished the boy → P: The boy was punished by the teacher A: The man kicked the ball → P: The ball was kicked by the man A: Someone took the chairs away → P: The chairs were taken away Past progressive passive: Bị động khứ tiếp diễn a Form: S – was/ were – being – past participles b Examples: – (by O) A: The teacher was explaining the rules → P: The rules were being explained by the teacher A: The boy was doing his homework → P: Homework was being done by the boy A: They were talking about the pollution problems → P: The pollution problems were being talked about Past perfect passive: Bị động khứ hoàn thành a Form: S – had – been – past participles – (by O) b Examples: A: The teacher had given marks to ten students → P: Marks had been given to ten students by the teacher A: The man had just bought a new car → P: A new car had just been bought by the man A: They had changed the date of the meeting → P: The date of the meeting had been chnged Future passive: Bị động tương lai a Form: S – will be – past participles – b Examples: (by O) A: The teacher will punish the boy.→ P: The boy will be punished by the teacher A: The man will kick the ball → P: The ball will be kicked by the man A: People will appreciate his contribution.→ P: His contribution will be appreciated Future perfect passive: Bị động tương lai hoàn thành a Form: S – will have been – past participles b Examples: – (by O) A: The teacher will have finished the work by lunch time → P: The work will have been finished by lunch time by the teacher A: The man will have completed the essay in forty five minutes → P: The essay will have been completed in forty five minutes by the man A: They will have done all the exercises → P: All the exercises will have been done Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 3/ PASSIVE CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) PASSIVE VOICE 2016 Passive voice using modal verbs: Bị động với động từ khuyết thiếu a Form: S – mV – be – past participles – b Examples: (by O) A: The teacher may give presents to the winners → P: The winners may be given presents by the teacher A: The man must use this machine → P: This machine must be used by the man A: They have to make a decision → P: A decision has to be made 10 Other passive voice: Các hình thái bị động khác a To have somebody something = to get somebody to something e.g Mary had John wash the car (John washed the car) → Mary got John to wash the car b To have/ get something past participles e.g Mary had the car washed → Mary got the car washed c To want/ like something past participles e.g What you want done to your car? → I’d like it repaired and cleaned/ I want it repaired and cleaned d To make/ cause O past participles e.g Working all night on Friday made me tired on Saturday? or The hurricane caused many water front houses damaged or Wearing flowers made her more beautiful e To find/ get O past participles/ adjectives e.g I found her quite interesting to talk to or My sister found snakes frightening BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH Exercise 1: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it I had my nephew paint the gate last week → I had _ He recommends that we should stay at the city center → It is Someone is going to serve Jack breakfast in bed on his birthday → Jack is People think that he is the best football player in the 20th century → It is They have her tell the story again → They _ My father waters this flower every morning →This flower John gets his sister to clean his shirt → John gets _ The waiter brings me this dish → This dish _ John invited Fiona to his birthday party last night → Fiona _ 10 I will get the dressmaker to make a new dress → I will Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 4/ PASSIVE 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) PASSIVE VOICE 2016 She will have Peter wash her car tomorrow → She will _ Anne had had a friend type her composition → Anne has _ They find that the job is not suitable for a girl like her → It is _ She showed her ticket to the airline agent → Her ticket Her mother is preparing the dinner in the kitchen → The dinner _ Rick will have a barber cut his hair → Rick Our friends send these postcards to us → These postcards We should clean our teeth twice a day →Our teeth _ He had a mechanic repair his car → He had _ She left her relatives five million pounds → Five million Exercise 2: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it The teacher explained that this powerful engine pulled the train → It was Our teachers have explained the English grammar → The English _ Some drunk drivers caused the accident in this city → The accident Their grandmother told them this story when they visited her last week → This story _ Tom will visit his parents next month → Tom’s Tim ordered this train ticket for his mother → This train The manager didn’t phone the secretary this morning → The _ They have decided that the company will go to the beach together at the weekend → It has been _ The committee appointed Alice secretary for the meeting → Alice was 10 He told me that his football team had played well last season → I was _ 11 Did Mary this beautiful dress? → Was ? 12 She is going to buy a cookery book next month → A cookery _ 13 I won’t hang these old pictures in the living room → These Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 5/ PASSIVE 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) PASSIVE VOICE 2016 They find the new project worthless → The new _ The German didn’t build this factory during the Second World War → This factory _ They have persuaded me that they will go with me to the stadium → I have The secretary didn’t take the note to the manager → The note _ The Greens are going to paint this house and these cars for Christmas Day → This house _ The farmer is going to enlarge the farm → The farm _ Ann had fed the cats before she went to the cinema → The cats Exercise 3: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it The students have discussed the pollution problems since last week → The pollution They are going to clear those slums → Those _ The director notifies all the workers that they will have to work extra hard this month → All the _ Have the thieves stolen the most valuable painting in the national museum? → Has the most They are going to mend the roof tomorrow morning → The roof Some people will interview the new president on TV → The new _ She often gets the technician to maintain the heater → She often I must have the dentist check my teeth → I must _ She will have a veterinary surgeon examine her dog → She 10 The shop assistant handed these boxes to the customer → These boxes _ 11 How many languages they speak in Canada? → How ? 12 We believed that Alice would pass the driving test → Alice _ 13 They had the police arrest the shoplifter → They had 14 Have you sent the Christmas cards to your family? → Have the _? 15 Are you going to repair those shoes? → Are those ? 16 Are you going to have the shoemaker repair your shoes? Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 6/ PASSIVE 17 18 19 20 CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) PASSIVE VOICE 2016 → Are you ? You didn’t show me the special cameras → The special He has broken his nose in a football match → His nose _ He lends his friend his new shoes → His new _ Have you finished the above sentences? → Have above _? Exercise 4: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it He discovered that this cotton was grown in Egypt → It was _ The board awarded the first prize to the reporter → The first prize We had a man take this photograph when we were on holiday last summer → We had He hides the broken cup in the drawer → The They promise that the performance will start on time → It is They keep this room tidy all the time → This room The Greens had a carpet cleaner clean their carpet → The Greens _ That officer announced that the meeting was delayed until next week → It was _ They all voted the party a great success → The party _ 10 We had them repair our car → We had 11 Some people inform me that the director is going to take a business trip to England → I am _ 12 I have the hairdresser cut my hair → I have 13 We gave Ann some bananas and some flowers → Ann 14 She reported that the flowers were killed by frost → The flowers 15 Lan got his brother to clean the windows last week → Lan got 16 They moved the fridge into the living room → The fridge _ 17 They told me that you were the best architect in this city → I 18 Jill got the tailor to make her new dress → Jill got her Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 7/ PASSIVE CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) PASSIVE VOICE 2016 19 She brought some cups of tea to the visitors in the next room → Some cups 20 You should open the wine about three hours before you use it → The wine Exercise Choose one word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D that best complete the preceding sentence In order to avoid boredom, the most important thing is to keep oneself _ A occupational B occupied C occupation D preoccupied Many lists of “Wonders of the World” _ during the Middle Ages A said to be existed B are said to exist C said to exist D are said to have existed Up _ when it saw its master A did the dog jump B jumped the dog C the dog jumped D does the dog jump Traffic is being from the High Street while the water main is under repair A subverted B averted C diverted D perverted _ in 1635, the Boston Latin School is the oldest public school in the United States A To found B Founding C Founded D Having founded The room _ every day by Tommy A cleans B is cleaned C is being cleaned D cleaned They _ English right now A are studying B is being studied C study D are studied Joe’s leg _ while he was playing football A broke B was breaking C was broken D was being broken 10 When the accident happened, the police _ immediately A were called B called C were calling D had called 11 Nobody _ in the accident, so the ambulance _ A was injured/ wasn’t needed B was injured/ not needed C injured/ wasn’t needed D injured/ needed 12 They have canceled all flights because of the bad weather A All flights were canceled because of the bad weather B All flights have canceled because of the bad weather C All flights has been canceled because of the bad weather D All flights have been canceled because of the bad weather 13 How people learn languages? A How are languages learned? B How languages learn? C How are languages learn? D How languages learned? 14 Her purse _ from her handbag, although she had put it there a moment before A is disappeared B disappeared C was disappearing D disappears 15 We have had the roof of our house _ A to replace B replace C replaced D been replaced 16 He was completely _ by her tale of hardship A taken away B taken down C taken in D taken up Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 8/ PASSIVE CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) PASSIVE VOICE 2016 17 Sarah is a young girl with and a straight nose A almond-shaped eyes B almond-eyed shape C eyes shaped almond D almond-shape eyed 18 Oh, no! My wallet has been _ A robbed B picked C stolen D theft 19 Not having written about the required topic, _ a low mark A the teacher gave me B I was given C the teacher gave D my presentation was given 20 Instead of _ about the good news, Peter seemed to be indifferent A exciting B being excited C to excite D to be excited Exercise Choose one word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D that best complete the preceding sentence Although younger than the other children, she demanded _ in the game A to include B to be included C to have included D being including The flight instructor, at the air base, said that order not to fight had been given A when interviewed B when his interview C when he interviewed D when interviewing None of the people _ to the party can come A invite B invited C inviting D to invite drivers endanger their lives and those of other road users A Drunkard B Drunken C Drinking D Drunk Julia prefers to be her own boss and _ her own business A run B charge C form D make The party was excellent, and I’d like to thank all the _ A concerned people B responsible people C people that concerned D people concerned _ in 1635, the Boston Latin School is the oldest public school in the United States A Founding Having founded B Founded C To found D The building was badly _ in the fire A damaged B wounded C injured D hurt is someone who can reduce spending without hurting morale A Being needed B What is needed C That which needs D What needs 10 The question of late payment of the bills was _again at the meeting A raised B taken C risen D brought 11 It is important that _ A keeping an exact record B an exact record to be kept C an exact record be kept D to keep an exact record 12 Only during the early twentieth century _ in the United States A was liquor prohibited B liquor was prohibited then C When liquor was prohibited D that liquor was prohibited Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 9/ PASSIVE CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) PASSIVE VOICE 2016 13 It was to mark that he’d better withdraw from the game in case his knee injury got worse A recommended B argumented C insisted D appealed 14 - Clark: “Mary has difficulty in fitting in.” - Nina: “Well, I guess she _ to this type of work.” A isn’t used B didn’t use C hasn’t been used D doesn’t get used 15 Mary was the last applicant _ A to interview B to be interviewed C to have interviewed D to be interviewing 16 It’s imperative that this letter immediately A be sent B send C will be sent D is sent 17 to the big city, I have got lost many times A Unused B Unacquainted C Unfamiliar D Useless 18 In our hospital, patients every morning A are examined B have examined C can examine D were examining 19 No one can avoid _ by advertisements A having influenced B being influenced C to be influenced D influencing 20 A large number of workmen because of the economic recession A has been laid out B has laid aside C have laid down D have been laid off Exercise 7: Find the ONE among the underlined and marked A, B, C, D in each of the following sentences that needs correcting: The romantic poet Keats died by tuberculosis at a very young age A B C D Science has been dividing into areas to help organize the knowledge A B C D The robbers arrest by the police last week have just escaped from the prison A B C D A social worker who wanted to speak to Mrs Hamilton attacked and badly bitten by one of her dogs A B C D Most of the films made for entertainment A B C D The magazine, which began in 1972, has long been considered one of the led publications of the feminist movement A B C D After the rain had let out, the Mitchells continued their hike up the mountain A B C D Living in big cities, housing is always a big problem for all city dwellers A B C D The president refused to accept either of the four new proposals made by the contractors A B C D 10 Peter is said being good at English A B C D Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 10/ PASSIVE CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) PASSIVE VOICE 2016 11 The switch must not be touch while the machine is working A B C D 12 The report has not be examined by the committee of experts yet A B C D 13 The matter will discussing at the next meeting A B C D 14 He was think to be the most handsome boy in our class A B C D 15 All the main streets in this city are be widening A B C D 16 Mined over 2,000 years ago, copper is one of the earliest know metals A B C D 17 The average adult has got from two to five colds each year A B C D 18 Computers have made access to information instantly available just by push a few buttons A B C D 19 Peter usually has his car washing at weekend A B C D 20 Do you know the boy whose bicycle was stole last night? A B C D Exercise 8: Find the ONE among the underlined and marked A, B, C, D in each of the following sentences that needs correcting: Until I got enough money, the picture that I wanted had sold A B C D Hand me the letters type by the secretary yesterday A B C D Tom is consider to be the best student in his class A B C D It’s believes that our lives will be better in the future A B C D Some gorillas beat their chests as an express of high spirits A B C D Because vitamins contained in a wide variety of foods, people seldom lack most of them A B C D Follow vaporization, a reduction in temperature will result in condensation A B C D That actress has had her dresses make there A B C D Many people think this novel writing by Ngo Tat To A B C D 10 Most lasers are be used in medical and scientific field A B C D 11 Your question can only answer by an excellent student A B C D 12 When I came back I realized that my camera had been disappeared A B C D Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 11/ PASSIVE 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) PASSIVE VOICE 2016 If either of you take a vacation now, we won’t be able to finish this work A B C D Among the world’s 44 richest countries, there has been not war since 1945 A B C D I was informed that you had been see in Athens A B C D This house has been build since last month A B C D He couldn’t read French so he had the letter translating into English A B C D He is very brave His friends are impresses by his bravery A B C D I had my motorbike repair yesterday, but now it still doesn’t work A B C D Unless there had been a heavy storm, the climber will not have died A B C D Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 12/ PASSIVE [...]...CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu 6 bậc) PASSIVE VOICE 2016 11 The switch must not be touch while the machine is working A B C D 12 The report has not be examined by the committee of experts yet... When I came back I realized that my camera had been disappeared A B C D Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 11/ PASSIVE 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu 6 bậc) PASSIVE VOICE 2016 If either of you take a vacation now, we won’t be able to finish this work A B C D Among the world’s 44 richest countries, there has