Đang tải... (xem toàn văn)
This book systematically teaches grammar and vocabulary and helps students develop all the skills necessary to succeed in all exams at B2 level. Presentation of lexical items and grammatical structures in context (including collocations, expressions, phrasal verbs, words with prepositions, prepositional phrases, key transformations, words easily confused and derivatives)
wki I E MOUTSOU m f m m **■ Use of English B2 for all exams E M outsou Published by: M M Publications www.mmpublications.com info@mmpublications.com Offices Great Britain - Greece - Poland - France - Cyprus - U.S.A - Turkey Associated companies and representatives throughout the world Copyright © 2009 MM Publications All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the publishers Produced in the EU C1103002007-5239 ISBN: 978-960-443-928-7 btradm tm U se of English B2 for the FC E Exam ination and other exam s is intended for B2 level students It systematically teaches grammar and vocabulary and prepares students thoroughly for all exams The FCE Use of English Paper contains four parts and lasts 45 minutes The task types and the number of questions in each part are presented in the following table PA RT T A SK T Y P E N U M B E R O F Q U EST IO N S/M A R K S Multiple-choice cloze 12 (one mark per question) Open cloze 12 (one mark per question) Word formation 10 (one mark per question) Key word transformation (two marks per question) This book is divided into 15 units, followed by a Final FCE Test and a Final ECCE Test The vocabulary and grammar taught has been distributed in 12 units (Units 1-4, 6-9 and 11-14), each of which s divided into two sections In the first section, in units 1,3,6,8,11,13 there is a selection of collocations and expressions, while in units 2,4, 7, 9,12,14 there is a selection of prepositional phrases Phrasal verbs, words •vith prepositions, grammatical structures and key word transformations are presented and practised in all 12 units This section ends with two exercises which are similar in format to tasks in the FCE Use of English paper and ECCE Grammar and Vocabulary sections, but which test only the items taught in the corresponding unit In the second section, a number of groups of easily confused words and derivatives are presented and practised, followed by two exercises which test only the items taught in the corresponding unit Units 5,10 and 15 are consolidation units which revise the material previously taught Each of them is actually a complete Use of English Practice Test following the exact format of the FCE/ECCE examinations, but testing only the items taught in the four units preceding it The Final FCE Test and Final ECCE Test are modelled on the Cambridge Use of English Paper and on the Grammar and Vocabulary sections of the University of Michigan Examination for the ECCE The reference section at the end of the book includes an overview of English Grammar, vocabulary notes with definitions of easily confused words, exam tips and three appendices These appendices alphabetically present prepositional phrases, words with prepositions and derivatives The Teacher’s Book consists of two sections The first section is the Student's Book with the answers overprinted The second section includes notes for the teacher and three photocopiable Revision Tests with Key C o r t e v t s Section I UNIT1 p UNIT p 16 UNIT p 26 UNIT p 36 UNIT p 46 UNIT p 50 UNIT p 60 UNIT p 70 UNIT p 80 Section Collocations with go, come, reach, get Collocations of the type noun+of+noun Phrasal verbs with come, go and be Words with prepositions (miscellaneous) Grammar Review: Tenses Words easily confused (mainly related to the topics of work and employment) introduction to Derivatives Prepositional phrases of time and place Phrasal verbs with get, pull and throw Words with prepositions (miscellaneous) Grammar Review: Relative Clauses-Clauses of Time Words easily confused (mainly related to the topics of time and viewing) Adjectives in -ful, -less and nouns in -ship deriving from noun roots Expressions with day, year and time Collocations with hold, run, catch and keep Phrasal verbs with look, check, watch and show Words with prepositions (miscellaneous) Grammar Review: Adverbs-ComparisonsArticles-Uncountables Words easily confused (mainly related to the topics of people and education) Adjectives in -al, - -ous, -ly (+adverbs) and y, nouns in -hood deriving from noun roots Prepositional phrases (miscellaneous) Phrasal verbs with keep, hold, catch, carry, wear, work and move Words with prepositions (miscellaneous) Grammar Review: Determiners-Pronouns Words easily confused (mainly related to the topics of travel and tourism) Adjectives in -ic, -ical, verbs in -ise and nouns in -ist, -ian, -dom deriving from noun roots Consolidation 1(Units 1-4) Collocations with and make Collocations with break, change, cut, turn and draw Adverbial expressions Phrasal verbs with make, do, grow, pass, fill and leave Words with prepositions (miscellaneous) Grammar Review: Infinitive /- form ing Words easily confused (mainly related to the topic of money) Common negative prefixes Prepositional phrases (miscellaneous), linking phrases Phrasal verbs with break, burn, cut and turn Words with prepositions (miscellaneous) Grammar Review: Modal Verbs Words easily confused (mainly related to the topic of thinking) Verbs in -en and nouns in -ness, -nee, -ncy, -cy deriving from adjective roots Collocations with leave, put, set, shake, miss and lose Collocations/Expressions with way Sentence linkers Phrasal verbs with put, lay, set, settle Words with prepositions (miscellaneous) Grammar Review: Passive Voice Prepositional phrases (miscellaneous) Phrasal verbs with mix, run, hang, fall, hurry and try Words with prepositions (miscellaneous) Grammar Review: Pronouns-Causative Form Words easily confused (mainly related to the topic of communication) Verbs in -ise and nouns in -ity, -hood deriving from adjective roots Words easily confused (miscellaneous) Inflections of nouns, adjectives, adverbs and verbs Section UNIT 10 p UNIT 1 p 94 UNIT 12 p 104 UNIT 13 p 114 UNIT 14 p 124 Prepositional phrases (miscellaneous) Phrasal verbs with call, speak, tell and count Words with prepositions (miscellaneous) Grammar Review: Reported Speech UNIT 15 p, 134 Section Consolidation III (Units 11-14) Consolidation II (Units 6-9) Collocations with follow, have, take, give, pay, bring and mind Phrasal verbs with take, close, knock, clean, clear and drop Words with prepositions (miscellaneous) Grammar Review: Clauses of concession, reason, purpose and result Words easily confused (mainly related to the topics of crime and punishment) Adjectives in -able, -ible, -ent, -ant and nouns in -ery, -ence, -ance, -ant deriving from verb roots Prepositional phrases (miscellaneous) Phrasal verbs with bring, give, hand, burst and blow Words with prepositions (miscellaneous) Grammar Review: Conditionals Words easily confused (mainly related to the topics of health and illness) Nouns in -ion, -ation, adjectives in -ive, -ative and nouns in -al deriving from verb roots Adjective +Noun Collocations Collocations with say and tell Idiomatic expressions with all Phrasal verbs with lie, stand, sit, save, dress, pay, end, point, lock and let Words with prepositions (miscellaneous) Grammar Review: Unreal Past Words easily confused (miscellaneous) Nouns in -ment, -ure, -er, or and -ee deriving from verb roots Words easily confused (miscellaneous) Irregular Derivatives Adjectives and nouns deriving from the name of a country or continent Adverbs and pronouns ending in -body, -one, -thing, -where, -how, -ever and -self Final FCE T e s t 138 Final ECCE Test 142 G ram m ar R e v ie w 147 V o ca b u la ry N o te s 165 Exam T ip s 1 A p p en d ix I: P re p o s itio n a l P h s e s 173 A p p en d ix II: W o rd s w ith P re p o s itio n s 174 A p p en d ix III: D e riv a tiv e s 176 Collocations/Expressions A Com plete the b lanks w ith the verbs go, come, reach or get better to sleep revenge on sb’s nerves a decision rid of red off sb's back to terms with ready an agreement down to business into trouble the sack lost over the top dark in handy the job even with B Com plete the sentences w ith the co llocatio n s / expressions in the box below Use each one o n ly once in somebody's shoes on top of Mr Johnson is in search of on the safe side in charge of in trouble with the company’s marketing department People who systematically cheat the tax system will one day be the Tax Department The doctor insisted that I should be given a thorough check-up just to b e _ _ The children wandered around the neighbourhood _ their lost dog Nobody would want to b e _ , not with all those debts he has to pay off After weeks of hard work, Kevin was confident he was finally C the situation Com plete the collocation s below w ith the w ords in the box You m ay use some of the words m ore than once In some cases m ore than one w ord m ay be correct bar bunch can clap flash flock pair pint set sheet swarm tube of pyjamas of paper of scissors of lightning of soap of sheep of beer of sunglasses of rules of birds of thunder of traffic lights of flowers of toothpaste of bees Phrasal Verbs Read the sentences on the left and m atch the phrasal verbs w ith th eir definition s on the right by w riting the correct num ber in the box next to each definition A COME While cleaning the basement, I came across something I thought I had lost years ago Joe came into a lot of money, which changed his life completely Why doesn’t Julie come round to our place anymore? The scientists took months to come up with a solution to their problem Richard came down with a bad cold the day before his exams It took the woman a few minutes to come round / to after she had fainted stop by, visit inherit find by chance regain consciousness be taken ill with think of and suggest unit B GO They decided to go ahead with their trip despite the bad weather conditions move / travel around, visit match Once you have finished cleaning, you can goon with your job explode The doctor wanted to go over the test results with his patient That tie goes with your suit nicely start sth Luckily no one was injured when the bomb went off continue doing While visiting Rome, we went round all the major archaeological sites turn sour, start to decay The child went through a lot before recovering completely examine / discuss in detail The milk went off after only an hour in the scorching heat suffer What’s going on in there? Open the door! happen C BE What's on this weekend at the theatre? leave We were promised that the hard times would be over soon support, in favour of I was about to leave home when some unexpected visitors arrived end I'm for the mayor's plan to relocate the town hall be ready to What are the boys up to? Don’t tell me they’re ruining the garden again! be shown / performed I must be off now My parents are expecting me for dinner (usually sth wrong) Words with Prepositions A Com plete the blanks w ith prepositions Adjectives Nouns Verbs excellent an answer associate experienced an expert concentrate oraise sb sth sth provide sb sth sth provide sth sb haDDV sb (take) pride conaratulate sb haDDV sth a reply cooDerate proud a report deal sudd Iv sb sth respected an opportunity include sudd Iv sth sb sb succeed responsible B Read the fo llow in g sentences and com plete them w ith prepositions Congratulations Rodney! I'm so happy _ you and your wife I would be more than happy to provide you _ our company's catalogue We supply all major companies _ our products She takes great pride _ her work That’s why she's the best in her field The government will provide housing _ the homeless You shouldn't be proud _ yourself What you did was wrong! The government supplied food and medicine _ the victims of the hurricane The journalist was praised _ his report the starving children of Africa unit0 Grammar Revision (Tenses) See G ram m ar R e v ie w page 147 ^ Read the text below and com plete each blank w ith one word A ll m issing w ords are a u x ilia ry verbs (is, was, have, has, had, do, does, did etc.) My life (1) improved a lot since last year You see, before that I (2 ) been working in the same job for five years and -4 : fs eh w I (3 ) beginning to feel rather bored I ( ) getting ready to apply for another job when one day my boss called me into her office "Our company (5 ) _ planning to expand overseas," she said "We ( ) _ thinking of starting with Spain, therefore we will ( ) needing some of our best employees to support our new branch there ( ) _ you think you would be interested in a transfer?" Naturally I accepted, although at the time I ( ) not know that they (1 ) _ also going to promote me to assistant manager By the end of this month, I will have (11) living in Madrid for a year You can't imagine how exciting my life (12) become B Pu t the verbs in brackets into the Past Sim ple, Past Progressive, Presen t Perfect Sim ple or Presen t Perfect Progressive and com plete the boxes w ith the tim e w ords below Use each tim e w ord o n ly once for while yet still when ago already since M a ry (have) a bath yesterday evening, I was in the kitchen I (cook) her favourite dish because I _ (want) to surprise her s h e (come) into the kitchen, she couldn't believe her eyes! Jim: Mum, I (look) for my black belt I the past hour and (not find) it. _ you (see) it anywhere? Mother: No, but I think you (lend) it to your brother about a week Jim: Oh, you're right He (not give) it back to me I bet he _ (wear) it all week Where is he now, Mum? Mother: I'm afraid Mark (leave) He (get) up about an hour before you _ (do) I (work) on this project I (not finish) it this morning but What am I going to tell my boss? unit M y sister loves cats / She has gone to Italy (She is still there.) She loves cats / She has been to Italy (She has returned.) M y sister she loves cats I bought this bike two years ago / (Only one subject in each sentence.) (Past Simple + ago) There is a book on the table IhaveboughttM s bike-t-wo-year-s-ag©: It is Susan’s Tbeught4hisWke^wejyears-beforer' (Use there when m entioning sth fo r the firs t time I have had this bike for two years / Use it fo r sth already mentioned.) (Present P erfect+for) I-have4fei&bike4©rtw©-yeafsr- - They don't have a car S (have = own) I have had this bike since 1998 / They haven't got a car / (have got =own) (Present Perfect + since + time) They don't haveget aear They-haven’tacar I have had this bike since I was sixteen / (Present Perfect + since + Past Simple) He has a bath every morning / (have = take) He doesn’t have a bath every morning / Hehas-gotabath every morning I have hadtWs-bi^esince two years ago (Only one time word in each sentence.) I haven't studied for a week, (refers to the past: The last time I studied was a week ago.) James didn't use to smoke so much / I have to study for a week, (refers to the future: I James didn't used to smoke so much must study fo r a week before I sth else.) (did/didn’t + bare infinitive) I haven't eaten spaghetti for six months / I speak French / (emphasis) I have-to^at-spaghetti for-six months He does eat snails / They did buy a house / W e did saw the thief (do/does/did + bare infinitive) Key Transformations I have never been to Malta before The last time I saw her was a year ago It is the first time I have ever been to Malta I last saw her a year ago I haven’t seen her for a year I had never been to Malta before It has been a year since I last saw her It was the first time I had ever been to Malta It is a year since I last saw her When did he start working? How long has he been working? How long is it since he started working? unit Examination Practice A Read the text below and th in k of the w ord w hich best fits each space Use o n ly one w ord in each space MONGY There is no doubt that money, in the form that we know it today, (1)_ what keeps modern economic life functioning Yet, throughout history, money, in whatever form, has provided people (2) the ability to buy (3) _ sell goods Thousands of years (4 ) , civilisations (5) _ to rely on the barter system as a way of exchanging goods Within this system a person had to exchange one thing for another This meant that the two parties involved had to (6 ) an agreement as to what they thought their products were worth Items such (7) wheat, tobacco and livestock have all been used as money at one time or another It was not until much later that humans came up (8 ) the idea of money in the form of metal coins So why (9 ) the barter system come to an end? The answer is simple Coins were much easier to handle and carry around Since then, the use of coins has become widespread It has made commerce simpler and has given countries an opportunity (10) development by doing business with other countries further afield, which they (11) never done business with before In recent years, paper money has become more common all over the world, as it is easier to use It (12) not be long, however, before plastic cards take over completely, replacing coins and paper money Com plete the second sentence so that it has a sim ilar m eaning to the first sentence, using the w ord given unchanged You m ust use betw een tw o and five w ords, in clu d in g the w ord given We last went abroad a long time ago not W e a long time When did they start living in the suburbs? have How in the suburbs? It's the first time she has ever had problems with the authorities, trouble She with the authorities before When Carl was young, he went to a holiday camp every summer, used When Carl was young, he a holiday camp every summer After the earthquake, the government supplied food and medicine to the homeless, provided After the earthquake, the government Lucy hasn't visited me since February was The last in February How long has he had this car? bought How long this car? I haven't caught a cold for ages, down I last _ ages ago .food and medicine ECCE In this part of the test there are 35 multiple-choice items which test basic knowledge of grammar Candidates are required to choose a word or phrase which will complete the given sentence in a grammatically correct way Remember: & Read the sentence or short exchange carefully and consider what kind of structure is required & Look at the position of the gap in the sentence and consider what part of speech is required ® Look out for words (e.g linking words) or expressions (e.g time expressions) that can help you decide on the correct answer < Consider the syntax and style of the sentence Q & Read the four answer choices carefully and decide on the correct answer & If you are not sure about the correct answer, try to eliminate the answer choices that are grammatically incorrect & Once you have decided on the correct answer, read the sentence or short exchange together with your answer, making sure that they form a grammatically correct sentence & Make sure you transfer your answers to the answer sheet clearly and carefully There are 35 multiple-choice items in this section which test basic knowledge of vocabulary Candidates are required to choose the word or phrase which is appropriate in the context of the sentence Remember: & You should always learn new words in context You can even try to use these new words in your own example sentences This helps you remember new vocabulary instead of simply memorising their definitions in your mother tongue & You should learn verbs, nouns and adjectives with their dependent prepositions (e.g laugh at somebody, talent for something, be good at something) & Try to remember collocations (e.g make a mistake, one’s homework) and fixed expressions (e.g at the beginning of, in the beginning) that are considered problematic because they are quite similar Learn how to break down words in order to find the root, prefix and suffix This will not only help you learn more words but also help you understand how they are formed This will automatically increase your awareness of the language & You can greatly improve your vocabulary by reading as many authentic English texts (e.g books, magazines) as possible Appendix Prepositional Phrases A T at + address at a glance at a loss at all costs at ease at first at first sight at heart a t km/miles per hour at last at least at night at noon at once at random at school at short notice at the age of at the back of at the beginning (of) at the corner as far as as long as AS as a result of at the at the at the at the at the at the at the crossroads door end (of) expense of front hospital latest at the moment at the sight of at the top/bottom of at the weekend at university at work A H EA D ahead/behind schedule BY by accident by all accounts by all means by bus/car/plane by chance by cheque/credit card by day/night by far by force by hand by heart by means of by by by by for for for for for instance for life for one's sake for the sake of for sale in/out of control in/out of danger in/out of demand in/out of fashion in/out of hand in/out of order in/out of place in/out of print in/out of season in/out of shape in/out of sight in/out of stock in/out of touch in/out of use in one's opinion in other words in pain in pairs in particular in person in practice in prison in private in progress in public in reality in/with reference to in relation to in reply to in return in secret in shock in short in sight of in summary in support of in the beginning in the centre (of) in the city/country in the corner of in the end in the first place in the future in the long/short run in the meantime in the middle (of) in the mood for in the morning/ afternoon/evening in the mountains in the North/South in the streets in the suburbs in this respect in touch with in town in trouble (with) in vain in writing on + road/avenue on a diet on a farm mistake now oneself one's side by phone/post/airmail by profession (take) by surprise FOR for for for for a change a while ages certain/sure example fear of granted hire/rent FR O M from experience from now/then on IN in + month/season in + year/century all in all in a bad/good mood in a mess in a queue in a row/rows in a state in a while in addition (to) in aid of in advance in answer to in any case in captivity in case of in cash in charge of in comfort in common in conclusion in connection with in contact with in court in debt in detail in difficulty in exchange for in fact in favour of in flames in full in general in half in haste in honour of in hospital in instalments in memory in need of in/out of action in/out of business IN T O into pieces (come) into power O N on (a) + day on + date Appendix & on on on on on on on on on a journey/trip/tour an excursion an island account of approval arrival average behalf of board on business on credit on demand on display on/off duty on fire on good/bad terms on holiday on impulse on on on on on on on on on out of the ordinary out of practice out of the question out of reach out of work to one's astonishment to one's surprise to some extent to this day under control under the impression under pressure under repair under strain under the circumstances under the weather with respect to with a view to with the exception of without delay without fail without warning one's birthday one's mind one's own page purpose sale schedule second thought(s) strike on television on time on top of on the back of on the contrary on the corner on the floor on the left/right on the market on the move on the one/other hand on the outskirts on the phone on the point of on the radio on/off the road on the whole on weekdays O U T out of breath out of date TO to one's amazement UNDER under age under arrest W IT H with regard to W IT H O U T without (a) doubt A (un)aware of Verbs Nouns w ith Prepositions accuse sb of advise sb on/about sth (dis)agree with sb about/on sth aim at apologise to sb for sth apply to sb/sth for sth (dis)approve of argue with/sb about/for sth arrest sb for sth arrive at a building arrive in a city/town/country ask for associate with A d jectives accustomed to addicted to afraid of amazed at/by amused at/with angry at sth angry with sb annoyed about sth annoyed with sb anxious about ashamed of astonished at/by (dis) advantage of (give) advice on an answer to B Verbs beg for believe in belong to benefit from beware of blame sb for sth blame sth on sb boast about/of borrow from Adjectives bad at sth bored with sth bound to busy with c Verbs ^ care about sb/sth care for sb/sth choose from/between collaborate with combine with comment on communicate with compare with/to compete with sb for sth complain to sb about/of sth concentrate on sth confess sth to sb congratulate sb on sth connect to/with consist of contrast with contribute to cooperate with sb cope with cover sb in/with sth criticise for Adjectives (in)capable of careful of careless about/of certain about/of close to concerned about/for confident of/about conscious of crazy about Appendix crowded with cruel to curious about Nouns with Prepositions a comparison between a complaint about a connection between/with D Verbs deal with decide on dedicate sth to sb depart from depend on describe sth to sb differ from discourage from distinguish between divide sth between/among divide sth into divide by (Maths) dream about/of Adjectives delighted with dependent on different from/to disgusted by/at Nouns with Prepositions damage to a decrease in a delay in a demand for a description of a difference between/in/of E Verbs escape from exchange sth for sth else excuse sb for/from experiment on sb/sth with sth explain sth to sb Adjectives engaged to sb enthusiastic about envious of equal to excellent at excited about experienced in Nouns with Prepositions an example of an exception to an expert at/in/on sth F Verbs fight with fill sth with sth else forget about Adjectives faithful to familiar to sb familiar with sb/sth famous for fed up with fond of free from/of sth friendly with/to frightened of full of Nouns a failure in G Verbs glance at A d je c tiv e s generous to sb good at sth good for sb/sth good to sb grateful to sb for sth guilty of/about H Verbs head for/towards hear about/of sb/sth hear from sb hope for A d je c tiv e s handy for happy about/with sth/sb happy for sb harmful to Nouns with Prepositions hope for I Verbs include in insist on introduce sb to sb/sth invest in invite to involve in A d je c tiv e s identical to impressed by/with independent of inferior to interested in Nouns with Prepositions an increase in influence on an intention of (doing sth) J Verbs join in A d je c tiv e s jealous of K Verbs know about sth A d je c tiv e s keen on (doing) sth known as Nouns with Prepositions knowledge of L Verbs lean on/against lie to sb about sth listen to Adjectives late for Nouns a lack of M Verbs (be) made of/from mean by mention to mistake sb/sth for sb/sth else Adjectives mad about/on sb/sth mad at/with sb married to mean to sb N Adjectives nervous about Nouns a need for o Verbs object to sb/sth occur to Nouns with Prepositions an opinion of/about/in an opportunity for the opposite of P Verbs pay for point at/to praise sb for sth pray for sb/sth prefer to prepare for prevent from protect sb from/against sth protest about/against/at provide sb with sth provide sth forsb punish sb for put the blame for sth on sb Adjectives patient with pleased with polite to popular with proud of Nouns with Prepositions protection from (take) pride in Appendix 2& Q s Verbs quarrel with sb about sth Nouns with Prepositions a question about Verbs save sb from sentence sb to shout at smile at/to speak to/with sb specialise in spend money on sth stare at steal sth from sb succeed in suffer from supply sb with sth suspect sb of Adjectives safe from (dis)satisfied with separate from serious about shocked by/at short of similarto sorry for sb sorry for/about sth suitable for superior to sure of/about sth surprised at/by suspicious of Nouns with Prepositions a search for shame on sb (take) shelter from a solution to a specialist in (feel) sympathy for R Verbs receive sth from sb recover from reduce sth to refer to regard sb/sth as relate to rely on remind sb about sth remind sb of sb/sth replace sth with sth else rescue sb from result from result in retire from A d jectives ready for relevant to reluctant to respected for responsible for rude to Nouns with Prepositions a reaction to a reason for a reduction in a relationship between a relationship with sb a reply to a report on a reputation for the result of a rise in thank for think of/about translate from Adjectives terrible at terrified of tired of typical of Nouns with Prepositions a talent for a taste of a taste for a threat to U Adjectives upset about useful for sth useful to sb Nouns with Prepositions an understanding of V Verbs vote for/against W Verbs wait for warn sb about/against/of waste money on sth wonder about worry about Adjectives weak at sth worried about wrong about T Verbs take care of sb/sth talk to/with sb about sth Wftuh » GENERAL SPELLING RULES When the root word ends in consonant +e, the final -e is dropped when adding a suffix th at starts with a vowel e.g combine combination fame famous wide widen When the root word ends in one consonant and before it there is one stressed vowel, the last consonant is doubled when adding a suffix that starts with a vowel e.g w it w itty fat fatten occur occurrence W hen the root word ends in -y and before it there is a consonant, the -y changes into -i w hen adding a suffix e.g carry carriage happy happiness glory glorious mm «jji Appendix VERB NOUN accept achieve act, activate acceptance, acceptability achievement (in)action, act, activity, acting addiction addition, additive (in)adequacy admiration admittance, admission adventure advertisement, advertising (dis)advantage advice, advisability - add - admire admit advertise - advise afford - (dis)agree amaze - amuse anger announce annoy - apologise (dis)appear apply (dis)appoint (dis)approve argue arrange arrive - assist astonish attend attract automate avoid bear beautify (mis)behave believe benefit blacken bleed bore breathe broaden brighten build burgle (mis)calculate care - celebrate - characterise cheer - choose - collect (dis)colour combine - comfort communicate compete NOUN (person) achiever actor, actress, activist addict - admirer — adventurer advertiser — adviser ADJECTIVE (+opposite) accepted, (un)acceptable achievable (in)active, actual addicted, addictive additional (in)adequate admirable, admiring (in)admissible, admissive adventurous advertising (dis)advantageous, (dis)advantaged (in)advisable, advisory(*adv:advisedly) affordable - - agency (dis)agreement, (dis)agreeableness amazement ambition amusement anger announcement annoyance anxiety apology (dis)appearance application, applicator (dis)appointment (dis)approval argument, argumentation arrangement arrival art, artefact, artistry, artifice assistance astonishment attendance, attention attraction, attractiveness automation, automatic avoidance bearing beauty (mis)behaviour belief benefit blackness blood, bleeding boredom breath, breathing, breather breadth brightness building, build burglary (mis)calculation, calculator care, carelessness caution, cautiousness celebration championship character,characteristic, characterisation cheerfulness, cheerlessness, cheerness childhood choice city, citizenship coast collection colour, colouring, discoloration combination comedy, comic (dis)comfort communication competition, competitiveness agent — - (dis)agreeable amazed, amazing ambitious amusing, amused angry (un)announced annoyed, annoying anxious apologetic apparent (in)appiicable, applied (dis)appointed, (dis)appointing (dis)approving (un)arguable, argumentative arrangeable — announcer — — — — applicant, applier — — arranger - — artist assistant artistic, artful, artless, arty, artificial assistant astonished, astonishing (in)attentive, unattended (un)attractive automatic, automated (un)avoidable (un)bearable beautiful behavioural (un)believable beneficial black bloody, bloodless, bleeding bored, boring breathless broad bright — attendant — — bearer beautician — believer beneficiary,benefactor — — bore — builder burglar - - calculated, calculating, (in)calculable careful, careless, carefree cautious, cautionary celebrated - celebrity champion character - child — — — (un)characteristic, characterless cheerful, cheerless, cheery childish, childless choosy citizen — — coastal collective, collected colourful, colourless, coloured combined comical, comic (un)comfortable, comforting, comfortless (un)communicative, communicable competitive collector - comedian, comic comforter communicator competitor Appendix VERB NOUN NOUN (person) complain complete conclude confide (dis)connect consider construct consume contain contribute complaint completion conclusion confidence, confidentiality (dis)connection consideration (de)construction consumption containment, container contribution (in)convenience convention cooker, cookery, cooking co-operation correction, correctness correspondence creation, creativity, creativeness crime, criminality criticism, critique cure, curability curiosity darkness day, daily deafness decision, decisiveness decoration defence delight, delightfulness demonstration denial departure depth (in)dependence, dependency description, descriptiveness design, designing desire, desirability destruction, destructiveness determination development device death difference difficulty diplomacy direction, directive, directory, directness disaster discouragement discovery discussion distance distribution disturbance dominance, domination doubt, doubtfulness, doubtlessness complainant — — constructor consumer (in)complete (in)conclusive confident, confidential, confiding (dis)connected, connective considerable, considerate, considered constructive consuming — — - convene cook co-operate correct correspond create - criticise cure - darken - deafen decide decorate defend delight demonstrate deny depart deepen depend describe design desire destroy determine develop devise die, deaden differ, differentiate - direct - discourage discover discuss distance distribute disturb dominate doubt dramatise drive economise educate effect - elect embarrass - emphasise employ enable encourage drama, dramatisation drive, driving economics, economy education effect, (in)effectiveness (in)efficiency election, electorate embarrassment emotion, emotionalism emphasis (un)employment (in)ability, disability courage, encouragement, courageousness — confidant connection — ADJECTIVE (+opposite) contributor contributory (in)convenient convener (un)conventional cook (un)cooked co-operator (un)co-operative — (in)correct, corrective, correspondent correspondent, corresponding creator, creature creative criminal criminal critic (un)critical curer (in)curable, cureless — curious — dark — daily — deaf, deafening, deafened — (in)decisive, (un)decided decorator decorative defendant, defender defensive, (in)defensible — delightful, delighted demonstrator demonstrative — (un)deniable — departed — deep dependant (in)dependent, dependable — descriptive designer designing — (un)desirable, desired destroyer destructive, indestructible determiner determined developer (un)developed, developing — — — — dead, deathly, deadly, undying different difficult diplomatic direct, directive, directional disastrous discouraging — — diplomat director — — discoverer — discursive distant distributor distributive, distributional — disturbing, disturbed — dominant doubter doubtful, (un)doubtable, undoubted (adv: doubtless) dramatist dramatic driver driving economist economic, economical educator educational, educated, educative — (in)effective — (in)efficient elector elected, elective, electoral, electable — embarrassing, embarrassed — emotional — emphatic employer, employee (un)employed (un)able, disabled courageous, encouraging — — Appendix VERB NOUN end endanger energise engineer enjoy entertain enthuse equip expect expend experiment explain explode expose express end, ending danger energy engine, engineering enjoyment entertainment enthusiasm equipment essence, essentials evidence examination excess excellence excitement, excitability exhaustion exhibition, exhibit existence expansion, expansibility, expansiveness, expanse expectation, expectancy expense(s), expensiveness experiment, experimentation explanation explosion, explosiveness exposure expression, expressionism, expressiveness extend fail familiarise fascinate favour fear fertilise fight _ finance fool extension, extensibility, extent failure, failing faith fairness, fair familiarity, familiarisation fame, infamy fascination fashion fate, fatality favour, favourite fear, fearfulness, fearlessness fertilisation, fertiliser fight, fighting finance fluency foolishness - evidence examine exceed excel excite exhaust exhibit exist expand - - forge forget formalise found free freeze freshen frighten forgery forgetfulness formality, formalisation (mis)fortune foundation freedom freezer, freeze, freezing freshness friendship, friendliness fright fun generalisation, generality generosity, generousness government grace, graciousness growth guarantee guide, guidance guilt, guiltiness happiness hardness, hardship harm hatred, hatefulness health, (un)tiealthiness - generalise - govern grace grow guarantee guide - harden harm hate - NOUN (person) ADJECTIVE (+opposite) - endless dangerous, endangered energetic — engineer - - enjoyable entertaining (un)enthusiastic equipped (in)essential evident entertainer enthusiast - examiner, examinee - — excessive, exceeding excellent exciting, excited, excitable exhausting, exhausted, (in)exhaustible — existent, existential expansive, expandable, expandible — — — exhibitor — — — experimenter - expressionist — — — familiar — fatalist — fighter financier — fool foreigner forger - formalist - expectant (in)expensive, expendable experimental explanatory, (in)explicable explosive exposed expressive, expressional, expressionless, expressionistic extensive, extensible, extended unfailing (un)faithful, faithless (un)fair (un)familiar (in)famous, famed fascinating (un)fashionable fatal, fateful, fated (un)favourable, favourite, favoured fearful, fearless, fearsome (in)fertile fighting financial fluent foolish foreign forged forgetful, (un)forgettable (in)formal, formalistic (un)fortunate founder — - free frozen, freezing fresh (un)friendly, friendless frightened, frightening, frightful funny general, generalised (un)generous governing, (un)governable graceful, graceless, gracious growing, grown - fresher friend — - general governor, governess — grown-up guarantor guide — — — — - — guiding, guided guilty, guiltless happy hard, hardened, hardy harmful, harmless hateful (un)healthy Appendix VERB heat heighten help hesitate NOUN heat, heater, heating height help, helping, helplessness heroism hesitation history home (dis)honesty hope hope horizon host, hospitalise hospital, hospitality humanise (in)humanity, humanism humour hunger hunt ice idealise ignore immigrate imagine imitate impress imprison improve include individualise influence inform infuriate inhabit injure inspect instruct insure intend intensify interest interfere interpret interview introduce invent investigate invite irritate - (mis)judge - know - laugh - lead learn - lengthen live lighten light humour, humorlessness hunger hunting, hunt hygiene ice, icing idea, idealism, idealisation ignorance illness immigration imagination, image imitation importance impression, impressiveness prison, imprisonment improvement inclusion, inclusiveness individualism, individuality influence information fury injury inspection instruction insurance, insurability intelligence, intelligibility intention intensity interest interference interpretation interview introduction invention, inventiveness, inventory investigation invitation irritation, irritant irony jealousy jewel, jewellery journal, journalism (mis)judgement kingdom knowledge language, linguistics lateness laughter law leadership, leader learning (il)legibility length life, living, livelihood, liveliness light, lightness lighter, lighting, lightning NOUN (person) - helper hero, heroine — historian — — — - host, hostess humanist, human humorist — hunter hygienist ADJECTIVE (+opposite) heated, hot high (un)helpful, helpless heroic hesitant historic, historical homeless, homely (dis)honest hopeful, hopeless horizontal hospitable (in)human, (in)humane, humanitarian, humanistic humorous, humourless hungry — (un)hygienic icy, iced idealist ideal, idealistic — ignorant — ill — immigrant — imaginary, (un)imaginable, (un)imaginative imitator imitative, imitational — (un)important impressionist (un)impressive, impressionable prisoner imprisoned — improving, improved — inclusive, included individual, individualist individual, individualistic — influential informer, informant informative, (un)informed — furious, infuriated, infuriating inhabitant (un)inhabitable, (un)inhabited — injured — inspector instructor instructive, instructional insurer insured, insurable (un)intelligent, (un)intelligible (un)intentional, intended — intensive, intense — (un)interesting, (dis/un)interested — interfering interpreter interpretive interviewer, interviewee— introductory inventor inventive investigator investigative — inviting, (un)invited — irritated, irritating, irritable ironic, ironical — jealous jeweller jewelled journalist journalistic judge judicious, judgemental — king knowledgeable,(un)knowing,(un)known linguist linguistic — late — laughable lawyer (un)lawful, lawless, (il)legal leader leading learner (un)learned — (il)legible — long, lengthy — lively, alive, living, live — light lit — VERB (dis)like - (un)lock - loosen lose love - luxuriate mechanise maintain major manage manufacture marry _ mature measure medicate - memorise - miss mix modernise - mother - mount move murder - mystify nationalise naturalise necessitate — - normalise notice numerate - (dis)obey object oblige observe occupy offend operate - oppose optimise (dis)organise originate own — paint — participate — — pay - NOUN likelihood liking, (dis)like (il)literacy, literature lock, locker, locket logic, logistics looseness loss love, loveliness luck luxury, luxuriousness machine, mechanics, mechanism, mechanisation, machinery maintenance majority management, manageability manufacturing marriage mathematics (im)maturity, maturation measurement, measure medicine, medication, medicament membership memory, memorial, memorisation minority misery, miserableness miss mixer, mixture modernity, modernism, modernisation month motherhood motor mountain, mountaineering movement murder music, musical mystery nation, nationalisation, nationality nature, naturalisation, naturalness necessity, necessaries neighbourhood, neighbourliness nerve, nervousness noise norm, normality, normalisation notice number, numeration, numerator nutrition, nutrient, nutriment (dis)obedience object, objection, objective, objectivity obligation observation, observatory occupation offence, offensiveness operation opportunity, opportunism opposition optimism (dis)organisation, organiser origin, originality, origination ownership pain painting, paint parenthood, parentage participation partnership (im)patience payment peace, peacefulness NOUN (person) — - logician - loser lover — mechanic ADJECTIVE (+opposite) (un)likely likeable (il)literate, literal, literary (un)locked (il)logical loose lost lovable, (un)lovely, loving, unloved (un)lucky, luckless luxurious, luxuriant mechanical, mechanistic - - major manager(-ess) manufacturer major managing, manageable manufacturing married mathematical (im)mature (im)measurable medical, medicinal, medicated - mathematician - medic member - minor — - modernist - mother motorist mountaineer - murderer musician — nationalist naturalist - neighbour — — objector - observer occupant, occupier offender operator opportunist - optimist organiser originator owner — painter parent participant partner - payer, payee - — memorable, memorial minor miserable missing mixed modern, modernistic monthly motherly, motherless motor mountainous (im)movable, moving murderous musical mysterious, mystic, mystical national, nationalistic (un)natural, naturalistic (un)necessary neighbouring, neighbourly nervous noisy, noiseless (ab)normal noticeable, unnoticed numberless, numerous, numerical, numeral, (in)numerate, innumerable nutritious, nutritional, nutritive (dis)obedient objective, objectionable obliging, obligatory, obligated, obliged observant occupational, (un)occupied (in)offensive operational, (in)operative, (in)operable (in)opportune, opportunistic opposite, opposable, opposing optimistic organisational, (dis/un)organised original - painful, painless painted parental — (im)patient paying, payable peaceful Appendix VERB NOUN NOUN (person) ADJECTIVE (+opposite) perfect perform permit persist impersonate, personalise, personify persuade perfectionism, (im)perfection performance permission, permissiveness persistence person, personality, personnel, personification, impersonation persuasion, persuasiveness pessimism photograph, photography physics play (dis)pleasure poetry, poem poison politics, policy pollution, pollutant popularity population possession (im)possibility power, powerfulness practice, practising, practicality prediction, predictability preference, preferment preparation presentation prevention price pride privacy, privatisation procedure, proceeds product, production, produce, productivity profession, professionalism, professorship promotion protection (dis)proof psyche, psychology publishing, publication punishment pursuit (dis)qualification quiet, quietness rain rapidity reaction, reactor reality, realisation, realism reason, reasoning rebellion reception, receiver, receptiveness recognition reduction reference reflection, reflector, reflex refreshment regulation rejection, reject relation, relationship relaxation (un)reliability, reliance relief religion, religiousness remark rental repetition replacement report, reportage perfectionist performer (im)perfect, perfectible performing (im)permissible, permissive persistent (im)personal, personable, personified — photograph - Play - (dis)please - poison politicise pollute popularise populate possess - power, empower practise predict prefer prepare present prevent price pride privatise proceed produce profess promote protect (dis)prove - publish punish pursue (dis)qualify quieten rain - react realise reason rebel receive recognise reduce refer reflect refresh regulate reject relate relax rely relieve - remark rent repeat replace report — - — — pessimist photographer physicist, physician player — poet - politician — — people possessor - practitioner — presenter — — — private — producer professor, professional promoter protector — psychologist publisher punisher pursuer persuasive pessimistic photographic physical playful, playable (dis)pleased, (un)pleasant, pleasurable poetic, poetical poisonous (im)politic, political polluted, polluting (un)popular populated possessive, possessed (im)possible powerful, powerless, powered (im)practical, (im)practicable, practised (un)predictable, predictive preferable, preferential (un)prepared, preparatory presentable, presentational preventive, preventable precious, priceless, pricey proud private procedural (un)productive professional, professorial promotional protective provable, proven psychological — punishment, punishable — (dis/un)qualified quiet — rainy — rapid — reactionary, reactive realist (un)real, (un)realistic (un)reasonable, reasoned rebel rebellious receptionist, recipient receptive — (un)recognisable — reducible, reductive referee referential, referable reflective, reflexive refreshing regulator regulatory reject rejected relative related, relative, (ir)relevant relaxing, relaxed (un)reliable, reliant relieved religious (un)remarkable — — - — - repetitive, repeated, repeatable, repetitious (ir)replaceable reported replacement reporter Appendix VERB NOUN NOUN (person) ADJECTIVE (+opposite) represent reproduce require research reside resist respect respond retire revise risk rob sadden save, safeguard (dis)satisfy representation reproduction requirement research residence, residency resistance, resistor respect, respectability response, responsibility retirement revision risk robbery sadness safety, safe, safeguard, saving(s) (dis)satisfaction scene, scenery scholarship science secret, secrecy security sight sense, sensitivity, sensibility, serving, service settlement shame shop, shopping shortness, shortage sickness, sickliness signature significance (dis)simiiarity song, singing skill sleep society, socialism, socialisation representative (un)representative, representational reproductive required — — — secure see sense serve settle shame shop shorten sicken sign signify sing sleep socialise solve speak specialise spectate spend sponsor stabilise starve sterilise store straighten solitude, solitariness solution, solubility, solvent speech, speaking spec ia Iity, spec ialty, specialisat ion spectacle, spectacles sponsorship (in)stability, stabilisation, stabiliser starvation sterilisation, sterility store(s), storage straightness - researcher resident - residential resistant, resisting, (ir)resistible respectable, respectful, respective (ir)responsible, responsive retiring, retired revised, revisory risky robber - - sad (un)safe, savable (dis)satisfied, (un)satisfactory, satisfying scenic scholastic scientific secret, secretive (in)secure sighted, sightless (in)sensible, senseless, (in)sensitive - respecter - revisionist saver, saviour - scholar scientist - sensualist server, servant settler - shopper - singer sleeper socialite, socialist, sociologist speaker specialist spectator spender sponsor stranger strengthen succeed suffice suggest suit sum, summarise survive suspect symbolise sympathise talk taste tend terrorise, terrify thank thicken strength success, succession (in)sufficiency suggestion suit, suitabiljty sum, summary sun survival suspicion sym bol, symbol ism sympathy talk taste technique, technicality technology tendency terror thanks, thanklessness thickness - successor survivor suspect sympathiser talker taster technician technologist terroriser - unsettling, (un)settled shameful, shameless, ashamed shopping short sick, sickly, sickening signed (in)significant (dis)similar singing (un)skilful, (un)skilied sleepy, sleepless (un)social, (un)sociable solitary (in)soluble, (in)solvent (un)spoken, speechless, unspeakable special, specialised spectacular sponsored (un)stable sta rved, starving sterile straight strange strong (un)successful, successive, succeeding (in)sufficient suggested, suggestive (un)suitable summary sunny surviving suspicious symbolic, symbolical (un)sympathetic talkative technical technological terrifying, terrified, terrific thankful, thankless thick, thickeni ng M Lm Appendix VERB NOUN thirst think thirst thought, thinking threaten thrill tire tolerate toughen threat thrill, thriller tiredness (in)tolerance, toleration toughness tradition, traditionalism train training transform transform ation, transform er (mis)treat (m is)treatment, treatise, treaty (dis)trust (dis)trust, trustw orthiness truth, truthfulness typing type (mis)understand (mis)understanding unite unity, union, unit universe, universality use usage, usability value value, valuation, valuables vary variety, variation, variant, variance, variable victimise victim , victim isation violate violence, violation vision, visibility visit visit warm warmth, warmness warn warning weaken weakness wealth week weigh weight widen w idth will will, (un)willingness wise wisdom wonder w onder work work, works w orth, worthlessness, worthiness year youth NOUN (person) — thinker — — — - traditionalist trainer, trainee - trustee — typist — — user valuer — victim violator visionary visitor - ADJECTIVE (+opposite) thirsty thoughtful, thoughtless, thinking, unthinkable threatening, threatened thrilling, thrilled tired, tiring, tireless, tiresome (in)tolerant, (in)tolerable tough traditional trained, trainable transform ing (un)treatable (dis)trustful, trustw orthy (un)true, (un)truthful typed understandable, understanding united universal useful, useless, (un)usable, (mis)used (in)valuable, valueless, valued various, variable, varied — violent visionary, (in)visible visiting warm - — weakling weak wealthy weekly weighty, weightless wide (un)willing, wilful wise wonderful working, workable worthy, worthless, w orthw hile yearly young — — — — — — - worker - youngster E MOUTSOU Use of English | Use of English This book systematically teaches grammar and vocabulary and helps students develop all the skills necessary to succeed in all exams at B2 level for all exams Use of English B2 includes: Presentation of lexical items and • Consolidation Units and Practice Tests • A reference section including an gram m atical structures in context ove rvie w of English gram m ar, (including collocations, expressions, vo cabulary notes, exam tips and phrasal verbs, words with prepositions, com prehensive appendices prepositional phrases, key transform ations, words easily confused and derivatives) Clear explanations and useful exam tips Exercises providing thorough practice in Use of English (including multiple choice, m atching, gap filling, open and m ultiple choice cloze tests, key w ord transform ation and w ord form ation) QQ QQ m m publications • A Glossary