ChuO'ng trlnh khoa hoc c6ng ngh~ c~p nha nuO'c KX.06 VAN HOA, VAN MINH VI SlJ PHAT TRIEN V A TIEN B() xA Hc)r ===&=== '" '" '" v'" ? A'" BAO CAO TOM TAT KET QUA NGHIEN CUU D~ tai KX.06-04 "VAN , I-IOA DAN ClAN VIET NAM val SLT A' PHA T TRIEN CUA XA HQI VIETNAM" ? _ /'\ " CO' quan chu trt: Trung tam KHXH va NVQG Chu nhi~m d~ tai:GS Dinh Gia Khanh LOINOIDA.U D~ Uti KX.06.04 nhan d~ " Van h6a dan gian Vi~t Nam v6i Slf phat tri€n cua xrt h9i Vi~t Nam" la mot 17 d~ tai Chuo'ng tdnh KX.06 Cong tdnh du6i day la k~t qua cua vi~c thtrc hi~n d~ tai th&i gian nam (bao g6m ca vi~c mO' cac cuoc hoi thao & Ha N9i 1993 va & Hu~ 1994), va vi~c khao sat v§.n d~ t~i thtrc dja Ha N9i, Vlnh Phu, Hu~ Ngoai cong tdnh d6 ChuO'ng V la K~t lu~n, d6ng th&i la Ki~n nghi, vi~c thtrc hi~n d~ tai l~i cIa dua t6i k~t qua la 51 chuyen lu~n va 500 trang tu li~J1djch va suu t~p Cong trlnh cIa duQ'c H9i d&ng nghi~m thu c§.p cO' sO' thong qua va danh gia & mtfc xu§.t s~c (6/6 phi~u d~u danh gia xu§.t s5.c) Tac gia c6 them vao mot 86 di€m theo Str g6p y cua H9i d6ng BAo CAO TOM TAT CUA f)~ TAl KX.06-04 A Nhtfng k~t qua chung cua viEk thuc hien d@Uti KX.06.04 Nht1ng k~t qua cua vi~c thtrc hi~n d@tai "Van h6a dan gian Vi~t Nam v6'i str ph~t tri@n cua x~ hpi Vi~t Nam" (KX.06.04) bao g6m chu y~u: Chuyen l\1an nhan d@: "Van h6a clan gian Vi~t Nam v6i str phat tri@n cua x~ hoi Vi~t Nam " (152 trang) Ph§n cu6i cua chuyen Ju~n la ki~n nghj nhan d@ : "K~ thtl'a va phat huy nhtfng gia trj cua van h6a dan gian Str nghi~p d6i m6i" (tu trang 131 d~n trang 152 cua chuyen h,lan.) C~C ban l\1an van c6 t{nh ch§t trung gian C6 danh rnl,.lCkern G§n 500 trang ttr li~u djch thu~t ho~c suu t~p v~ cac v§n d€ van h6a dan gian C6 danh m\1C kern theo B.Toat y€u chuyen luan nhan d€ "Van h6a dan gian Viet Nam su phat tri@n cua x~ h6i Viet Nam" Sau ph§n M& d§u, chuyen y~u tung chucyng l\1an c6 chucyng Du6i day la toat Chucyng I -TfNH THOI SU CUA VIEC NGHIEN clfu VAN HOA DAN GIAN M& d§u chucyng nay, tac gia kh~ng djnh van h6a dan gian hien dang s6ng dong & nu6c ta vi th~ rna vi~c nghien ctfu van h6a clan gian r~t d.n thi~t tren ducyng ti€n len xay dtrng x~ hoi rn6i, n€n van hoa m6'i cua nu'6c Vi~t Nam M\1c A Vmt h6a vathlch n~hi Sau x~c dinh r~ng' van h6a xet v@ mot m~t nao d6 chinh la Str thich nghi mot cach chu dong va c6 y thtfc cua ngud'i v6'i gi6i h r nhien, cua ngud'i v6i ngud'i, cua ca nhan v6i cong d6ng, tck gia kh~ng djnh r~ng v~n h6a d6ng th&i I~i la k~t qua cua sq th{ch ~ ng h" ay V~n h6a xet d~n cung la ti~n trinh d6 ngu&i b~lI1than minh va khong ngttng tq hoan thi~n t~o Do nhung di~u A.ki~n dia Iy •.va lich stY khac ma & cac nucfc , ••• • , kh,k tien trinh ay c6 nhung net khac Va vi the ma n~n v~n h6a chung cua nhan lo~i eta c6 sq phan bi~t gitfa cac n~n v~n h6a dan toe Vm h6a dan toc la ban s~c cua dan toe d6ng th&i lai c6 th~ la dong luc thuc d§y dan toc ti~n len b§t clf nucfc nao tht van h6a clan gian cUng la mot cO's& quan trQng cua van h6a clan toc nu'cfc , ~ ta thi d6 la cO' s& quan tn;:mg nhat a a Cho nen, d~ c6 th~ ti~n nhanh sq nghi~p d6i mO'I, dn phai tim phuo'ng sach t6i uu d~ xtY Iy cac v§n d~ van h6a clan gian M\lc B.VID h6a clan gian v~i hai nghla rang va hep Thu~t ngu v~n h6a clan gian c6 th~ va dn nghta rong va h~p duQ'c hi~u theo hai y Theo y nghla rong thi d6 la toan bo v~n h6a v~t ch§t va tinh th~n cua clan chung Va theo y nghIa rong tht thu~t ngu van h6a clan gian tuO'ng duO'ng vcfi thu~t ngtf folk culture gieri khoa ~ , hoc quoc te Theo y nghla h~p tht van h6a clan gian la nhlI'ng ph§n mang tinh ch§t th§m my van h6a clan gian hi~u theo y nghta rOng Theo y nghTa h~p tht thu~t ngtf van h6a clan gian cua ta tu'cyng duo'ng vcfi thu~t ngu folklore cua gicfi khoa hoc qu6c t6 Va folklore ch{nh la folk-culture du'Q'c ti~p c~n ducfi giac th§m my (approche esthetique) D~ ttm hi~u vai tro cua van h6a clan gian moi m~t cua d&i s6ng xtl hoi tht dn xem xet van h6a clan gian hi~u theo y nghTa rong (hic la folk culture) D6ng th&i I~i khong th~ khong d~c bH~t chu y d6n v~n h6a dan gian hi~u theo y nghla h~p (tlfc la folklore) Folklore eta t~o cltfng du'Q'c nhlI'ng hinh tUQ'ng th§m my dllc s~c g~n veri Iy tu&ng ,s6ng cua nhan dan Khong It htnh tUQ'ng eta tr& bi~u tUQ'ng -.ila toan xtl hoi v~ chan, thi~n, my Muon di sau ttm hi~u tam h6n cua nhan clan, cach cam nghI va tfng xtY cua nhan clan tht vi~c xem xet toan clien van h6a clan gian hi€u theo y nghla rong (folk culture) din dUQ'c b6 sung b~ng vi~c phan Hch sau nhtfn~ hru t~§m my cua nhan dan th6 hi~n , van h6a clan gian hieu theo y nghia h~p (folklore) Nh~n thtfc tren day ern chi d~o vi~c thtrc hi~n d~ tai Ttt Dong sang Tay, ttt thai c6 d~i cho d@n thai hi~n df1i, cac nha viin h6a, eac nha van ngh~ d€u it ho~c nhi€u ti@p thu duQ'c nhtJ'ng gia trj cua van h6a clan gian Mot s6 nguai I~i c6 y thtfc hoc t~p van h6a dan gian vi~e sang t~o van h6a, van ngh~ cua ho Nhtrng dang chu y hern la cac tong giao, cac nha chinh tri, cac nha c~m quy€n, ttt Trung Qu6e c6 d~i cho d@n Hoa Ky hien d~i, d6u nh~n thtfc duQ'c y nghla ch{nh tri va xa hoi cua van h6a dan gian ern dtttng duQ'C SU' dl,mg d@phl,lc Vl,l cho nhtfng ml,lC dich tong giao ho~c 'chinh tri a y doan nay, tac gia ern neu nhtIng d~n chung dfly nghla v6 ~; vai tro ehfnh tri xa hoi cua van h6a dan gian nhu viec cac tong giao 16'n (Ph~t giao, D~o giao, Kito giao, H6i giao) d€u din va ern bi@t stt dvng nhtfng gia tri van h6a dan gian cua cac clan toc vao ml,lC dlch ~~tl ~iaol nhu vi~c Nha ~u6'c Ph,ong ki6n 0' Trung Qu6c hi' tho'i ~'cb ern d;:H chuc ti quan de su·u t~p, ghi chep nlllJng hien ~"\ftrng van h6a, van ngh~ dan gian nh~m ml,lc dich giup tri6u dinh "tim hi€u dan phong, n~m vtfng dan tinh" d€ c6 th6 "Ban b6 chlnh I~nh" S~lO cho thich hQ'p, nhu vi~c Nha nu'6'c D~i Viet eta stt cll,lng nhtfng ~ia tri van h6a dan gian d@ cung, c6 nhtfng, thi6t ch@ cua, Nha nUcYe, de xay dtrng van h6a dan toc, khang dinh tinh doc l~p ve m~t van h6a , V.v Tac gia l~i nh§n m~nh r~ng nhtfng thai ky c6 nhtfng su