Thì Khứ Đơn Form: S + V-ed/P2 (+ O) S + did not/didn't + V (+ O) (Wh-) Did + S + V + O? - Hành động xảy kết thúc khứ VD: She came back last Friday I saw her in the street They didn't agree to the deal - Sự việc diễn khoảng thời gian khứ kết thúc tại: VD: She lived in Tokyo for seven years They were in London from Monday to Thursday of last week When I was living in New York, I went to all the art exhibitions I could Các cụm từ thường dùng với khứ đơn: • Yesterday • (two days, three weeks) ago • last (year, month, week) • in (2002, June) • from (March) to (June) • in the (2000, 1980s) • in the last century • in the past Quy tắc thêm ED vào động từ tiếng anh - Thông thường ta thêm “ed” vào sau động từ VD watch – watched turn – turned want – wanted - Động từ tận “e” -> ta cần cộng thêm “d” VD: type – typed smile – smiled agree – agreed - Động từ có MỘT âm tiết, tận MỘT phụ âm, trước phụ âm MỘT nguyên âm -> ta nhân đôi phụ âm cuối thêm “-ed” VD: stop – stopped shop – shopped tap – tapped - Động từ tận “y”: +Nếu trước “y” MỘT nguyên âm (a,e,i,o,u) ta cộng thêm “ed” VD: play – played stay - stayed +Nếu trước “y” phụ âm (còn lại ) ta đổi “y” thành “i + ed” VD: study – studied cry - cried - Đối với động từ có âm tiết, có trọng âm vào âm thứ hai, phải gấp đôi phụ âm trước thêm ed: VD: prefer > preferred, permit > permitted commit – committed travel – travelled prefer – preferred Note: Các dạng động từ bất quy tắc begin > began > did buy > bought cut > cut Exercise I Hoàn thành đoạn báo sau: Two people died (die) in a fire in Ellis Street, Oldport yesterday morning They (1) …… .(be) Herbert and Molly Paynter, a couple in their seventies The fire (2)… ………………… (start) at 3.20 am A neighbour, Mr Aziz, (3)……………………… (see) the flames and (4) ……………………… (call) the fire brigade He also (5)…… ………… (try) to get into the house and rescue his neighbours, but the heat (6) …………………………… (be ) too great The fire brigade (7) (arrive) in five minutes Twenty fire-fighters (8) ……………………… (fight) the fire and finally (9) ……… ………… ( bring) it under control Two fire-fighters (10)……… (enter) the burning building but (11)……… ………… (find) the couple dead II Hoàn thành đoạn hội thoại sau: Claire: Did you have (you/have) a nice weekend in Paris? Mark: (1) Yes, thanks It was good We looked around and then we saw a show (we/not/try) to too much Claire: What sights (2) Mark: (you/see)? We had a look round the Louvre (3)…………………………… (I/not/know) there was so much in there Claire: And what show (4) (you/go) to? Mark: Oh, a musical I forget the name (5) (I/not/like) it Claire: Oh, dear And (6) (Sarah/enjoy) it? Mark: No, not really But we enjoyed the weekend Sarah did some shopping, too, but (7) (I/not/want) to go shopping III Hoàn thành câu sau: I _ (work) in a bank for ten years Where _ (you/live) when you were young? She _ (not/study) French at university He _ (travel) through the Middle East last year _ (they/visit) the Louvre in Paris? She _ (not/watch) TV yesterday We _ (buy) a new car last weekend Where _ (you/teach) before you came here? He _ (not/think) that he was right 10 I _ (cook) steak last night 11 _ (Lucy/read) ‘War and Peace’ at school? 12 She _ (not/write) to her grandmother 13 We _ (have) a computer when I was a child 14 Where _ (you/go) on holiday? 15 I _ (love) ice cream when I was a child 16 They _ (not/meet) yesterday 17 _ (she/swim) in the sea in Greece? 18 We _ (not/play) tennis yesterday because it was raining 19 He _ (try) to lift the box but he couldn’t 20 What _ (you/eat) for lunch? IV Hoàn thành câu sau: I _ (not/drink) any beer last night She _ (get on) the bus in the centre of the city What time _ (he/get up) yesterday? Where _ (you/get off) the train? I _ (not/change) trains at Victoria We _ (wake up) very late What _ (he/give) his mother for Christmas? I _ (receive) £300 when my uncle _ (die) We _ (not/use) the computer last night 10 _ (she/make) good coffee? 11 They _ (live) in Paris 12 She _ (read) the newspaper yesterday 13 I _ (not/watch) TV 14 He _ (not/study) for the exam 15 _ (he/call) you? 16 _ (I/forget) something? 17 What time _ (the film/start)? 18 He _ (have) a shower 19 Why _ (you/come)? 20 _ (he/go) to the party? V Hoàn thành câu sau: She _ (go) home We _ (watch) a film When _ (he/arrive)? I _ (buy) a new car Where _ (you/live)? I _ (play) tennis Where _ (you/work) before? _ (they/come)for lunch? _ (we/study) this last year? 10 They _ (drink) coffee 11 _ (you/see) that film? 12 We _ (eat) dinner 13 You _ (not/go) out last night 14 He _ (study) 15 What _ (you/watch)? 16 We _ (not/call) you yesterday 17 They _ (not/arrive) on time 18 It _ (not/rain) 19 We _ (not/drink) beer 20 You _ (clean) the kitchen VI Hoàn thành câu sau: Where _ (she/go)? What _ (you/do)? He _ (work) in a bank You _ (not/call) me _ (you/wear) your red dress? He _ (not/read) that book _ (you/go)? _ (she/study) last night? _ (we/arrive) last? 10 Who _ (you/meet)? 11 _ (they/come) to the party? 12 She _ (not/meet) him 13 _ (she/go)? 14 You _ (meet) a friend 15 Which _ (you/like)? 16 I _ (not/forget) your book 17 What _ (he/do) at the weekend? 18 She _ (not/like) chocolate 19 What _ (you/buy) yesterday? 20 _ (you/have) a good holiday? VII Hoàn thành câu hỏi sau: (where/you/go to school?) _ (when/she/arrive?) _ (why/he/eat so much?) _ (what/they/do yesterday?) _ (who/you/meet at the party?) _ (how/she/come to work this morning?) _ (where/I/leave my glasses?) _ (when/he/get home last night?) _ (what/you/do at the weekend?) _ 10 (why/she/get angry?) _ 11 (who/they/talk to earlier?) _ 12 (what/we/do last Christmas?) _ 13 (why/it/rain on my birthday?) _ 14 (how/she/finish so quickly?) _ 15 (where/he/go after the class last week?) _ 16 (what/I/do last Tuesday?) _ 17 (when/you/start your job?) _ 18 (how/she/get here?) _ 19 (why/you/arrive so late?) _ 20 (what/he/do last summer?) _ THÌ QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN Form: - Hành động diễn thời điểm xác định khứ VD: I was watching TV at o’clock last night They were working on the report at six - Hai hành động đồng thời xảy khứ S1 + Past continuous + while + S2 + Past continuous VD: Martha was watching television while John was reading a book While + S1 + Past continuous + S2 + Past continuous VD: While I was driving home, Peter was trying desperately to contact me - Hành động diễn có hành động khác xen vào khứ S1 + Past continuous + when + S2 + Simple past VD: I was watching TV when she came home I was walking in the street when I suddenly fell over When + S1 + Simple past, S2 + Past continuous VD: When she came home, I was watching television - Hành động xảy khoảng thời gian khứ VD: We were studying during the recess Peter was sleeping during class BÀI TẬP THÌ QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN TIẾNG ANH I Chia động từ khứ khứ tiếp diễn I (call) Mr Wilson at last night, but he (not be) _at home He (study) _ at the library I _ (not hear) the thunder during the storm last night because I (sleep) It was beautiful yesterday when we went for a walk in the park The sun (shine) The birds _(sing) My brother and sister (talk) about something when I (walk) into the room Tom went to his friends ‘house, but the boys _ (not be) there They (play) _soccer in the vacant lot down the street The little boy _ (fall) asleep while his mother _ (read) him a story I really enjoyed my holiday last January While it _(snow) in Iowa, the sun (shine) in Florida While Ted _ (shovel) snow from his driveway yesterday, his wife _ (bring) him a cup of hot chocolate John _ (have) a car accident last week He (drive) down the street when suddenly a lorry (hit) his car from behind 10 Ten years ago, the government _ (decide) to begin a food programme At that time, many people in the rural areas _ (starve) due to several years of drought 11 They _(wait) for me when I _ at the station (arrive) 12 She (swim) in the sea when I _ her (see) 13 _they (play) tennis when it _ raining (start)? 14 We (drive) home from the theatre when the police (stop) us 15 The wind (blow) very hard when I (go) out this morning 16 When she _ (leave) him, he _ (become) quite ill 17 I…………….(be) looking for some photos when you rang but I …………… (not find) them II Chia động từ khứ tiếp diễn I _down the street when it begin to rain (go) At this time last year, I _an English course (attend) Jim under the tree when he heard an explosion (stand) The boy fell and hurt himself while he _ a bicycle (ride) When we met them last year, they in Santiago (live) The tourist lost his camera while he around the city (walk) The lorry _ very fast when it hit our car (go) While I in my room, my roommate _ a party in the other room (study/have) Mary and I _ the house when the telephone rang (just leave) 10 We in the café when they saw us (sit) 11 I (call) Mr Wilson at last night, but he (not be) _at home He (study) _ at the library 12 I _ (not hear) the thunder during the storm last night because I (sleep) 13 It was beautiful yesterday when we went for a walk in the park The sun (shine) The birds _(sing) 14 My brother and sister (talk) about something when I (walk) into the room 15 Tom went to his friends ‘house, but the boys _ (not be) there They (play) _soccer in the vacant lot down the street 16 The little boy _ (fall) asleep while his mother _ (read) him a story 17 I really enjoyed my holiday last January While it _(snow) in Iowa, the sun (shine) in Florida 18 While Ted _ (shovel) snow from his driveway yesterday, his wife _ (bring) him a cup of hot chocolate 19 John _ (have) a car accident last week He (drive) down the street when suddenly a lorry (hit) his car from behind 20 Ten years ago, the government _ (decide) to begin a food programme At that time, many people in the rural areas _ (starve) due to several years of drought 21 They _(wait) for me when I _ at the station (arrive) 22 She (swim) in the sea when I _ her (see) 23 They (play) tennis when it _ raining (start)? 24 We (drive) home from the theatre when the police (stop) us 25 The wind (blow) very hard when I (go) out this morning III) Chia động từ khứ khứ tiếp diễn Sally …………………………… (eat) dinner last night when someone ………………… (knock) on the door I began to study at seven last night Fred …………………………… (come) at seventhirty I …………………………(study) when Fred……………… (come) While I ……………………………… (study) last night, Fred ……………………………(drop by) to visit me My roommate’s parents ………………………………… (call) him last night while we…………………………………… (watch) TV My mother called me around five My husband came home a little after five When he ……………………………… (come) home, I ………………………………… (talk) to my mother on the phone Yesterday Tom and Janice ……………………… (go) to the zoo around one They ………………………… (see) many kinds of animals They stayed at the zoo for two hours While they …………………………… (walk) home, it …………….…… (begin) to rain, so they …………………………… (stop) at a small café and ……………………(have) a cup of coffee Yesterday afternoon I ………………………… (go) to visit the Parker family When I…………………… (get) there around two o’clock, Mrs Parker ………………… (be) in the yard She ………………………………… (plant) flowers in her garden Mr Parker……………………… (be) in the garage He ……………………………… (work) on their car He ……………………… (change) the oil THÌ Q KHỨ HỒN THÀNH VÀ HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN 1.Cấu trúc: Quá khứ hoàn thành Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn Động từ “to be” S + had been+ V-ing S + had been+ Adj/noun Ex: When I looked out of the window, it Ex: My father had been a great dancer when he was a student Động từ thường: S + had +Ved/V2(past participle) Ex: I met them after they had divorced each other had been raining Chức Quá khứ hoàn thành Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn Diễn đạt hành động xảy trước Diễn đạt hành động xảy trước hành động khác khứ Ex: We had had lunch when she arrived Dùng để mô tả hành động trước thời gian xác định khứ Ex: I had finished my homework before 10 o’clock last night Hành động xảy điều kiện tiên cho hành động khác Ex: I had prepared for the exams and was ready to well Tom had lost twenty pounds and could begin anew Được sử dụng số công thức sau: - Câu điều kiện loại 3: If I had known that, I would have acted differently - Mệnh đề Wish diễn đạt ước muốn trái với Quá khứ: I wish you had told me about that - I had turned off the computer before I came home - AfterI turned off the computer, I came home hành động khác Quá khứ (nhấn mạnh tính tiếp diễn) Ex: I had been thinking about that before you mentioned it Diễn đạt hành động kéo dài liên tục đến hành động khác Quá khứ Ex: We had been making chicken soup, so the kitchen was still hot and steamy when she came in Signal words: since, for, how long I) Exercises on the past perfect and the past perfect continuous: I'm sorry I left without you last night, but I told you to meet me early because the show started at 8:00 I (try) _ to get tickets for that play for months, and I didn't want to miss it By the time I finally left the coffee shop where we were supposed to meet, I (have) five cups of coffee and I (wait) over an hour I had to leave because I (arrange) to meet Kathy in front of the theater When I arrived at the theater, Kathy (pick, already) _ up the tickets and she was waiting for us near the entrance She was really angry because she (wait) _ for more than half an hour She said she (give, almost) up and (go) into the theater without us Kathy told me you (be) late several times in the past and that she would not make plans with you again in the future She mentioned that she (miss) several movies because of your late arrivals I think you owe her an apology And in the future, I suggest you be on time! It is already 9:30 PM and I (wait) here for over an hour If John does not get here in the next five minutes, I am going to leave I was really angry at John yesterday By the time he finally arrived, I (wait) for over an hour I almost left without him Did you hear that Ben was fired last month? He (work) for that import company for more than ten years and he (work) in almost every department Nobody knew the company like he did I (see) many pictures of the pyramids before I went to Egypt Pictures of the monuments are very misleading The pyramids are actually quite small