STRUCTURES (unit 11) 1.Phrases of purpose : in order (not) to S + V… + so as (not) to + V-inf (not) to Ex:- She wore warm clothes in order not to get cold - I study English in order to/ so as to/ to communicate with people all over the world * Clause of purpose : in order that S + V… + So that In case +S+V S+ M.V + V-inf V (past/present) Ex: - I study hard in order that / I can get good marks Modal will: Promises Future tense Requests Offers Ex: - Will you close the door for me, please ? (request) - Your bag looks heavy I will help you (offer) I will get good marks in the second semester I promise I promise to get good marks in the second semester Request Can/ Could + you…+ V-inf Will/Would Respond agreement sure Ok All right disagreement I’m sorry, I can’t I’m afraid not Offers Would you like + to-inf ? N…? What can I get for you ? Shall I / we + V-inf…? Will/Won’t you have + N…? Can I get you…? Respond agreement Yes, please That would be nice disagreement Promises No, thank you I promise + clause (S + will/won’t…) S + promise + to-inf I will + to-inf… I promise Request I hope so/Good/I’m glad/Don’t forget passive form: S V O S P.P (V-3/V-ed) by O 1.Present simple: S + be (am/is/are) + P.P + (by O) 2.Past simple: S + be (was/were) + P.P + (by O) 3.Present perfect: S + have/has + been + P.P + (by O) 4.Future simple: S + will + be + P.P + (by O) 5.Modal verb: may,might,can,could,should,must(used to,have to,be going to) S + M.V + be + P.P + (by O) 6.Present progressive: S + be (am/is/are) + being + P.P + (by O) 7.Past progressive: S + be (was/were) + being + P.P +(by O) 8.V-ing: being + P.P 9.To-inf: to be + P.P *NOTE: - Chúng ta có thể bỏ by O câu bị động chủ từ Đại từ nhân xưng (personal pronouns / someone / somebody / everyone / every people) + No one / nobody / nothing / (thêm not) Ex: Noone will helped him He won’t be helped -Trạng ngữ nơi chốn đứng trước by O, trạng ngữ thời gian đứng sau by O -Một số động từ có tân ngữ, chúng ta biến đổi câu bị động, đưa tân ngữ vật lên làm chủ từ trước tân ngữ người phải thêm to for -V thêm to: give, send, bring, lend, own, pay, show, pass, read, throw -V thêm for: book, build, buy, cook, fix, keep, make, get, save, leave 7.Adjective followed by an inf A noun clause *An inf: S + be + adj -Chủ từ giả: It + be + adj + to-inf To-inf + N +be + adj V-ing + N + be +adj *Noun clause: S + be + adj + clause.(2) *Note: Những tính từ chắn (sure, certain, ) cảm xúc (happy, delighted, ) đc sử dụng mẫu câu số (2) 8.Past participle phrase: V-ed / V-3 Present participle phrase: V-ing 9.Request: Do / Would you mind + V-ing ? Lisener (Người nghe thực hành động) Agreement No, I don’t mind No, of course not Not at all Disagreement I’m sorry, I can’t I’m sorry, that is not possible Would you mind if I + V-ed/V-2 ? Do you mind if I + V-inf ? Speaker (Người nói thực hành động) Agreement Please Please go ahead Disagreement I’d prefer you didn’t I’d rather you didn’t