PUB NO 229 VOL SIGHT REDUCTION TABLES FOR MARINE NAVIGATION LATITUDES 15°−30°, Inclusive NATIONAL IMAGERY AND MAPPING AGENCY INTERPOLATION TABLE Altitude Difference (d) Dec Inc Tens Decimals 10′ ′ 20′ ′ 30′ ′ 40′ ′ 50′ ′ 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 ⇓ Units Double Second Diff and Corr 9′ 1′ ′ 2′ ′ 3′ ′ 4′ ′ 5′ ′ 6′ ′ 7′ ′ 8′ ′ 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 ′ 0′ ′ 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 48.2 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.8 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.6 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.2 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.6 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.7 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.9 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.9 4.0 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.3 6.3 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 10′ 20′ 30′ 40′ 50′ 0′ 1′ ′ Page II Altitude Difference (d) Dec Inc Tens Decimals 10′ ′ 20′ ′ 30′ ′ 40′ ′ 50′ ′ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.2 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.6 0.1 0.1 16.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 48.6 0.1 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.9 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 8.2 0.1 24.6 0.2 41.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.8 9.9 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 5.0 0.4 15.0 0.1 0.2 0.4 25.0 0.3 35.1 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 ⇓ Units 1′ ′ 2′ ′ 3′ ′ 4′ ′ 5′ ′ 6′ ′ 7′ ′ 8′ ′ 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.0 ′ 0′ ′ 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 5.7 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.7 6.0 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 7.5 7.6 7.6 7.7 7.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.6 1.3 4.8 0.1 1.3 8.0 0.2 0.3 11.2 1.3 0.4 1.4 14.5 0.5 17.7 1.4 0.6 1.4 20.9 0.7 1.4 24.1 0.8 27.3 0.9 1.4 30.5 1.0 1.4 33.7 1.1 1.5 36.9 1.5 1.5 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.3 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.9 5.0 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.6 7.9 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.2 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 6.9 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 10.9 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.7 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.5 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.2 7.3 8.8 8.8 8.9 9.0 9.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 0.5 0.5 0.5 3.6 0.5 10.9 0.1 0.5 18.2 0.2 0.3 0.6 25.5 0.4 32.8 0.6 0.5 0.6 40.1 0.6 0.6 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8 5.5 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.7 7.3 7.4 7.4 7.5 7.6 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 11.5 11.6 11.7 11.8 11.9 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 3.8 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.0 5.8 5.8 5.9 5.9 6.0 7.7 9.6 7.7 9.7 7.8 9.8 7.9 9.9 8.0 10.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.9 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.1 6.0 6.0 6.1 6.1 6.2 8.0 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 10.0 10.1 10.1 10.2 10.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.0 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 2.9 0.1 0.7 8.6 0.2 0.7 14.4 0.3 20.2 0.7 25.9 0.4 0.7 31.7 0.5 0.7 37.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 12.5 12.6 12.7 12.8 12.9 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.3 6.3 6.3 6.4 6.4 6.5 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.6 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.5 6.5 6.5 6.6 6.6 6.7 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.9 8.9 10.8 10.9 11.0 11.1 11.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 13.5 13.6 13.7 13.8 13.9 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.4 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.7 6.8 6.8 6.9 6.9 7.0 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.2 9.3 11.3 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.8 7.0 7.0 7.1 7.1 7.2 9.3 9.4 9.4 9.5 9.6 11.6 11.7 11.8 11.9 12.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 14.5 14.6 14.7 14.8 14.9 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 4.8 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.0 7.3 9.7 7.3 9.7 7.4 9.8 7.4 9.9 7.5 10.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 15.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.1 7.5 7.5 7.6 7.6 7.7 10.0 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 12.5 12.6 12.6 12.7 12.8 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 15.5 15.6 15.7 15.8 15.9 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.3 7.8 7.8 7.9 7.9 8.0 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.6 12.9 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.2 2.2 1.1 2.2 0.1 2.3 3.2 0.2 5.3 0.3 2.3 7.5 0.4 9.6 2.3 0.5 2.3 11.7 0.6 2.4 13.9 0.7 2.4 16.0 0.8 18.1 2.3 20.3 0.9 2.4 22.4 1.0 2.4 24.5 1.1 2.4 26.7 1.2 2.4 28.8 1.3 1.4 30.9 2.5 1.5 33.1 2.5 1.6 35.2 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.3 2.6 2′ 3′ 4′ 5′ 6′ 7′ 8′ 9′ 10′ 20′ 30′ 40′ 50′ 0′ 1′ 2′ 3′ 4′ 5′ 6′ 7′ ′ ′ ′ 2.4 7.2 12.0 16.8 21.6 26.4 31.2 36.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 2.1 6.2 10.4 14.5 18.6 22.8 26.9 31.1 35.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.8 5.5 9.1 12.8 16.5 20.1 23.8 27.4 31.1 34.7 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 ′ The Double-Second-Difference correction (Corr.) is always to be added to the tabulated altitude 8′ 9′ ′ Double Second Diff and Corr 9′ ′ ′ 1.4 4.2 7.1 9.9 12.7 15.5 18.4 21.2 24.0 26.8 29.7 32.5 35.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 3.8 6.3 8.9 11.4 14.0 16.5 19.0 21.6 24.1 26.7 29.2 31.7 34.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.2 3.5 5.8 8.1 10.5 12.8 15.1 17.4 19.8 22.1 24.4 26.7 29.1 31.4 33.7 36.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 INTERPOLATION TABLE Altitude Difference (d) Dec Inc Tens Decimals 10′ ′ 20′ ′ 30′ ′ 40′ ′ 50′ ′ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.5 8.0 8.0 8.1 8.1 8.2 10.6 10.7 10.8 10.9 10.9 16.5 16.6 16.7 16.8 16.9 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.9 5.5 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.7 8.3 8.3 8.4 8.4 8.5 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 5.6 5.7 5.7 5.8 5.8 17.5 17.6 17.7 17.8 17.9 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.0 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 ⇓ Units 1′ ′ 2′ ′ 3′ ′ 4′ ′ 5′ ′ 6′ ′ 7′ ′ 8′ ′ 13.3 13.4 13.5 13.6 13.7 ′ 0′ ′ 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.2 11.3 13.8 13.8 13.9 14.0 14.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 8.5 8.5 8.6 8.6 8.7 11.3 11.4 11.4 11.5 11.6 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 5.8 5.9 5.9 6.0 6.0 8.8 8.8 8.9 8.9 9.0 11.7 11.7 11.8 11.9 12.0 14.6 14.7 14.8 14.9 15.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.1 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.1 6.1 9.0 9.0 9.1 9.1 9.2 12.0 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 15.0 15.1 15.1 15.2 15.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.0 18.5 18.6 18.7 18.8 18.9 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.2 6.2 6.2 6.3 6.3 6.3 9.3 9.3 9.4 9.4 9.5 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 12.6 15.4 15.5 15.6 15.7 15.8 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.3 19.4 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 6.3 6.3 6.4 6.4 6.5 9.5 9.5 9.6 9.6 9.7 12.6 12.7 12.8 12.9 12.9 15.8 15.9 16.0 16.1 16.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 19.5 19.6 19.7 19.8 19.9 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.4 6.5 9.8 6.5 9.8 6.6 9.9 6.6 9.9 6.7 10.0 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.2 13.3 16.3 16.3 16.4 16.5 16.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 20.0 20.1 20.2 20.3 20.4 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.4 6.6 6.7 6.7 6.8 6.8 10.0 10.0 10.1 10.1 10.2 13.3 13.4 13.4 13.5 13.6 16.6 16.7 16.8 16.9 17.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 20.5 20.6 20.7 20.8 20.9 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.5 6.8 6.9 6.9 7.0 7.0 10.3 10.3 10.4 10.4 10.5 13.7 13.7 13.8 13.9 14.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 17.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 21.0 21.1 21.2 21.3 21.4 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.6 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.1 7.1 10.5 10.5 10.6 10.6 10.7 14.0 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 17.5 17.6 17.6 17.7 17.8 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 21.5 21.6 21.7 21.8 21.9 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 7.2 7.2 7.3 7.3 7.3 10.8 10.8 10.9 10.9 11.0 14.3 14.4 14.5 14.6 14.6 17.9 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 22.0 22.1 22.2 22.3 22.4 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.4 7.5 11.0 11.0 11.1 11.1 11.2 14.6 14.7 14.8 14.9 14.9 18.3 18.4 18.5 18.6 18.7 22.5 22.6 22.7 22.8 22.9 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.9 7.5 7.5 7.6 7.6 7.7 11.3 11.3 11.4 11.4 11.5 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.2 15.3 23.0 23.1 23.2 23.3 23.4 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.9 7.6 7.7 7.7 7.8 7.8 11.5 11.5 11.6 11.6 11.7 23.5 23.6 23.7 23.8 23.9 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.0 7.8 7.9 7.9 8.0 8.0 10′ 20′ ′ Double Second Diff and Corr 9′ ′ ′ ′ Altitude Difference (d) Dec Inc Tens Decimals 10′ ′ 20′ ′ 30′ ′ 40′ ′ 50′ ′ ⇓ Units 0′ ′ 1′ ′ 2′ ′ 3′ ′ 4′ ′ 5′ ′ 6′ ′ 7′ ′ 8′ ′ 9′ ′ 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.8 24.0 24.1 24.2 24.3 24.4 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.1 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.1 8.1 12.0 12.0 12.1 12.1 12.2 16.0 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 20.0 20.1 20.1 20.2 20.3 24.5 24.6 24.7 24.8 24.9 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.2 8.2 8.2 8.3 8.3 8.3 12.3 12.3 12.4 12.4 12.5 16.3 16.4 16.5 16.6 16.6 20.4 20.5 20.6 20.7 20.8 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.0 25.0 25.1 25.2 25.3 25.4 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 8.3 8.3 8.4 8.4 8.5 12.5 12.5 12.6 12.6 12.7 16.6 16.7 16.8 16.9 16.9 20.8 20.9 21.0 21.1 21.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.8 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.5 1.0 0.1 2.6 3.0 0.2 2.6 4.9 0.3 6.9 0.4 2.6 8.9 0.5 2.6 10.8 0.6 2.7 12.8 0.7 2.7 14.8 0.8 2.7 16.7 0.9 18.7 1.0 2.6 20.7 1.1 2.7 22.7 1.2 2.7 24.6 1.3 2.7 26.6 1.4 2.7 28.6 1.5 30.5 2.8 32.5 1.6 2.8 34.5 1.7 2.8 2.9 2.9 ′ 25.5 25.6 25.7 25.8 25.9 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.4 8.5 8.5 8.6 8.6 8.7 12.8 12.8 12.9 12.9 13.0 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.2 17.3 21.3 21.3 21.4 21.5 21.6 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.8 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 26.0 26.1 26.2 26.3 26.4 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.4 8.6 8.7 8.7 8.8 8.8 13.0 13.0 13.1 13.1 13.2 17.3 17.4 17.4 17.5 17.6 21.6 21.7 21.8 21.9 22.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.2 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.1 26.5 26.6 26.7 26.8 26.9 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.5 8.8 8.9 8.9 9.0 9.0 13.3 13.3 13.4 13.4 13.5 17.7 17.7 17.8 17.9 18.0 22.1 22.2 22.3 22.4 22.5 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.9 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.4 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.1 27.0 27.1 27.2 27.3 27.4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.6 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.1 9.1 13.5 13.5 13.6 13.6 13.7 18.0 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 22.5 22.6 22.6 22.7 22.8 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.8 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.2 27.5 27.6 27.7 27.8 27.9 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.7 9.2 9.2 9.3 9.3 9.3 13.8 13.8 13.9 13.9 14.0 18.3 18.4 18.5 18.6 18.6 22.9 23.0 23.1 23.2 23.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.5 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.9 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.2 28.0 28.1 28.2 28.3 28.4 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 9.3 9.3 9.4 9.4 9.5 14.0 14.0 14.1 14.1 14.2 18.6 18.7 18.8 18.9 18.9 23.3 23.4 23.5 23.6 23.7 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.5 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.4 28.5 28.6 28.7 28.8 28.9 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.9 9.5 9.5 9.6 9.6 9.7 14.3 14.3 14.4 14.4 14.5 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.2 19.3 23.8 23.8 23.9 24.0 24.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.7 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.4 29.0 29.1 29.2 29.3 29.4 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.9 9.6 9.7 9.7 9.8 9.8 14.5 14.5 14.6 14.6 14.7 19.3 19.4 19.4 19.5 19.6 24.1 24.2 24.3 24.4 24.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.6 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.8 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.5 29.5 29.6 29.7 29.8 29.9 4.9 9.8 14.8 4.9 9.9 14.8 5.0 9.9 14.9 5.0 10.0 14.9 5.0 10.0 15.0 19.7 19.7 19.8 19.9 20.0 24.6 24.7 24.8 24.9 25.0 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.9 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.9 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.8 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 30.0 30.1 30.2 30.3 30.4 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.1 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.1 10.1 15.0 15.0 15.1 15.1 15.2 20.0 20.0 20.1 20.2 20.3 25.0 25.1 25.1 25.2 25.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.8 18.8 18.8 18.9 19.0 19.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 30.5 30.6 30.7 30.8 30.9 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.2 10.2 10.2 10.3 10.3 10.3 15.3 15.3 15.4 15.4 15.5 20.3 20.4 20.5 20.6 20.6 25.4 25.5 25.6 25.7 25.8 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.8 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.8 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.0 15.3 15.4 15.4 15.5 15.6 19.1 19.2 19.3 19.4 19.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.7 31.0 31.1 31.2 31.3 31.4 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 10.3 10.3 10.4 10.4 10.5 15.5 15.5 15.6 15.6 15.7 20.6 20.7 20.8 20.9 20.9 25.8 25.9 26.0 26.1 26.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.9 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.9 11.8 11.8 11.9 11.9 12.0 15.7 15.7 15.8 15.9 16.0 19.6 19.7 19.8 19.9 20.0 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.9 31.5 31.6 31.7 31.8 31.9 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.4 10.5 10.5 10.6 10.6 10.7 15.8 15.8 15.9 15.9 16.0 21.0 21.1 21.2 21.2 21.3 26.3 26.3 26.4 26.5 26.6 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.7 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.2 30′ 40′ 50′ 0′ 1′ 2′ 3′ 4′ 5′ 6′ 7′ 8′ 9′ 10′ 20′ 30′ 40′ 50′ 0′ 1′ 2′ 3′ 4′ 5′ 6′ 7′ 8′ 9′ 0.9 2.8 4.6 6.5 8.3 10.2 12.0 13.9 15.7 17.6 19.4 21.3 23.1 25.0 26.8 28.7 30.5 32.3 34.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 0.9 2.6 4.4 6.2 7.9 9.7 11.4 13.2 14.9 16.7 18.5 20.2 22.0 23.7 25.5 27.3 29.0 30.8 32.5 34.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 0.8 2.5 4.2 5.9 7.6 9.3 11.0 12.7 14.4 16.1 17.8 19.5 21.2 22.8 24.5 26.2 27.9 29.6 31.3 33.0 34.7 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 ′ The Double-Second-Difference correction (Corr.) is always to be added to the tabulated altitude Double Second Diff and Corr ′ ′ 0.8 2.5 4.1 5.8 7.4 9.1 10.7 12.3 14.0 15.6 17.3 18.9 20.6 22.2 23.9 25.5 27.2 28.8 30.4 32.1 33.7 35.4 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 0.8 2.4 4.0 5.7 7.3 8.9 10.5 12.1 13.7 15.4 17.0 18.6 20.2 21.8 23.4 25.1 26.7 28.3 29.9 31.5 33.1 34.7 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 0.8 2.4 4.0 5.6 7.2 8.8 10.4 12.0 13.6 15.2 16.8 18.4 20.0 21.6 23.2 24.8 26.4 28.0 29.6 31.2 32.8 34.4 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 0.8 2.4 4.0 5.6 7.2 8.8 10.4 12.0 13.6 15.2 16.8 18.4 20.0 21.6 23.2 24.8 26.4 28.0 29.6 31.2 32.8 34.4 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 INTERPOLATION TABLE Altitude Difference (d) Dec Inc Tens Decimals 10′ ′ 20′ ′ 30′ ′ 40′ ′ 50′ ′ 28.0 28.1 28.2 28.3 28.4 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 9.3 9.3 9.4 9.4 9.5 14.0 14.0 14.1 14.1 14.2 18.6 18.7 18.8 18.9 18.9 23.3 23.4 23.5 23.6 23.7 28.5 28.6 28.7 28.8 28.9 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.9 9.5 9.5 9.6 9.6 9.7 14.3 14.3 14.4 14.4 14.5 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.2 19.3 29.0 29.1 29.2 29.3 29.4 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.9 9.6 9.7 9.7 9.8 9.8 14.5 14.5 14.6 14.6 14.7 29.5 29.6 29.7 29.8 29.9 ⇓ Units Double Second Diff and Corr 9′ ′ 0′ ′ 1′ ′ 2′ ′ 3′ ′ 4′ ′ 5′ ′ 6′ ′ 7′ ′ 8′ ′ 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.5 23.8 23.8 23.9 24.0 24.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.7 19.3 19.4 19.4 19.5 19.6 24.1 24.2 24.3 24.4 24.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.9 9.8 14.8 4.9 9.9 14.8 5.0 9.9 14.9 5.0 10.0 14.9 5.0 10.0 15.0 19.7 19.7 19.8 19.9 20.0 24.6 24.7 24.8 24.9 25.0 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.9 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.9 30.0 30.1 30.2 30.3 30.4 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.1 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.1 10.1 15.0 15.0 15.1 15.1 15.2 20.0 20.0 20.1 20.2 20.3 25.0 25.1 25.1 25.2 25.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.8 30.5 30.6 30.7 30.8 30.9 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.2 10.2 10.2 10.3 10.3 10.3 15.3 15.3 15.4 15.4 15.5 20.3 20.4 20.5 20.6 20.6 25.4 25.5 25.6 25.7 25.8 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.8 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.8 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.0 31.0 31.1 31.2 31.3 31.4 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 10.3 10.3 10.4 10.4 10.5 15.5 15.5 15.6 15.6 15.7 20.6 20.7 20.8 20.9 20.9 25.8 25.9 26.0 26.1 26.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.9 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.9 31.5 31.6 31.7 31.8 31.9 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.4 10.5 10.5 10.6 10.6 10.7 15.8 15.8 15.9 15.9 16.0 21.0 21.1 21.2 21.2 21.3 26.3 26.3 26.4 26.5 26.6 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.7 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.2 32.0 32.1 32.2 32.3 32.4 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.4 10.6 10.7 10.7 10.8 10.8 16.0 16.0 16.1 16.1 16.2 21.3 21.4 21.4 21.5 21.6 26.6 26.7 26.8 26.9 27.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.8 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.0 5.1 32.5 32.6 32.7 32.8 32.9 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.5 5.5 10.8 10.9 10.9 11.0 11.0 16.3 16.3 16.4 16.4 16.5 21.7 21.7 21.8 21.9 22.0 27.1 27.2 27.3 27.4 27.5 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.7 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.8 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.4 33.0 33.1 33.2 33.3 33.4 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.6 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.1 11.1 16.5 16.5 16.6 16.6 16.7 22.0 22.0 22.1 22.2 22.3 27.5 27.6 27.6 27.7 27.8 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.8 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.7 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.2 33.5 33.6 33.7 33.8 33.9 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.7 5.7 11.2 11.2 11.3 11.3 11.3 16.8 16.8 16.9 16.9 17.0 22.3 22.4 22.5 22.6 22.6 27.9 28.0 28.1 28.2 28.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.5 34.0 34.1 34.2 34.3 34.4 5.6 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 11.3 11.3 11.4 11.4 11.5 17.0 17.0 17.1 17.1 17.2 22.6 22.7 22.8 22.9 22.9 28.3 28.4 28.5 28.6 28.7 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.7 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.8 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.4 34.5 34.6 34.7 34.8 34.9 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.9 11.5 11.5 11.6 11.6 11.7 17.3 17.3 17.4 17.4 17.5 23.0 23.1 23.2 23.2 23.3 28.8 28.8 28.9 29.0 29.1 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.8 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.5 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.7 35.0 35.1 35.2 35.3 35.4 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.9 5.9 11.6 11.7 11.7 11.8 11.8 17.5 17.5 17.6 17.6 17.7 23.3 23.4 23.4 23.5 23.6 29.1 29.2 29.3 29.4 29.5 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.6 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.6 35.5 35.6 35.7 35.8 35.9 5.9 5.9 6.0 6.0 6.0 11.8 11.9 11.9 12.0 12.0 17.8 17.8 17.9 17.9 18.0 23.7 23.7 23.8 23.9 24.0 29.6 29.7 29.8 29.9 30.0 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.7 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.6 5.7 5.7 5.8 5.9 10′ 20′ 30′ 40′ 50′ 0′ 1′ 2′ 3′ 4′ 5′ 6′ 7′ 8′ 9′ ′ ′ ′ ′ 0.8 2.4 4.0 5.6 7.2 8.8 10.4 12.0 13.6 15.2 16.8 18.4 20.0 21.6 23.2 24.8 26.4 28.0 29.6 31.2 32.8 34.4 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 0.8 2.4 4.0 5.6 7.2 8.8 10.4 12.0 13.6 15.2 16.8 18.4 20.0 21.6 23.2 24.8 26.4 28.0 29.6 31.2 32.8 34.4 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 0.8 2.4 4.0 5.7 7.3 8.9 10.5 12.1 13.7 15.4 17.0 18.6 20.2 21.8 23.4 25.1 26.7 28.3 29.9 31.5 33.1 34.7 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 0.8 2.5 4.1 5.8 7.4 9.1 10.7 12.3 14.0 15.6 17.3 18.9 20.6 22.2 23.9 25.5 27.2 28.8 30.4 32.1 33.7 35.4 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 Altitude Difference (d) Dec Inc Tens Decimals 10′ ′ 20′ ′ 30′ ′ 40′ ′ 50′ ′ 36.0 36.1 36.2 36.3 36.4 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.1 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.1 12.1 18.0 18.0 18.1 18.1 18.2 24.0 24.0 24.1 24.2 24.3 30.0 30.1 30.1 30.2 30.3 36.5 36.6 36.7 36.8 36.9 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.2 6.2 12.2 12.2 12.3 12.3 12.3 18.3 18.3 18.4 18.4 18.5 24.3 24.4 24.5 24.6 24.6 37.0 37.1 37.2 37.3 37.4 6.1 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 12.3 12.3 12.4 12.4 12.5 18.5 18.5 18.6 18.6 18.7 37.5 37.6 37.7 37.8 37.9 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.4 12.5 12.5 12.6 12.6 12.7 38.0 38.1 38.2 38.3 38.4 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.4 6.4 38.5 38.6 38.7 38.8 38.9 ⇓ Units Double Second Diff and Corr ′ 0′ ′ 1′ ′ 2′ ′ 3′ ′ 4′ ′ 5′ ′ 6′ ′ 7′ ′ 8′ ′ 9′ ′ 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.9 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.5 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.7 30.4 30.5 30.6 30.7 30.8 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.8 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.8 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.0 24.6 24.7 24.8 24.9 24.9 30.8 30.9 31.0 31.1 31.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.6 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.6 5.7 5.7 5.8 5.9 18.8 18.8 18.9 18.9 19.0 25.0 25.1 25.2 25.2 25.3 31.3 31.3 31.4 31.5 31.6 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.7 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.9 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.1 6.2 12.6 12.7 12.7 12.8 12.8 19.0 19.0 19.1 19.1 19.2 25.3 25.4 25.4 25.5 25.6 31.6 31.7 31.8 31.9 32.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.8 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.7 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.8 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.0 6.4 6.4 6.5 6.5 6.5 12.8 12.9 12.9 13.0 13.0 19.3 19.3 19.4 19.4 19.5 25.7 25.7 25.8 25.9 26.0 32.1 32.2 32.3 32.4 32.5 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.8 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.5 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.7 6.1 6.2 6.2 6.3 6.4 39.0 39.1 39.2 39.3 39.4 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.6 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.1 13.1 19.5 19.5 19.6 19.6 19.7 26.0 26.0 26.1 26.2 26.3 32.5 32.6 32.6 32.7 32.8 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.6 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.5 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.1 6.2 39.5 39.6 39.7 39.8 39.9 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.7 6.7 13.2 13.2 13.3 13.3 13.3 19.8 19.8 19.9 19.9 20.0 26.3 26.4 26.5 26.6 26.6 32.9 33.0 33.1 33.2 33.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.6 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.9 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.6 5.7 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.3 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.5 40.0 40.1 40.2 40.3 40.4 6.6 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 13.3 13.3 13.4 13.4 13.5 20.0 20.0 20.1 20.1 20.2 26.6 26.7 26.8 26.9 26.9 33.3 33.4 33.5 33.6 33.7 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.6 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.4 5.5 5.5 5.6 5.7 40.5 40.6 40.7 40.8 40.9 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.9 13.5 13.5 13.6 13.6 13.7 20.3 20.3 20.4 20.4 20.5 27.0 27.1 27.2 27.2 27.3 33.8 33.8 33.9 34.0 34.1 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.6 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.7 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.9 6.0 41.0 41.1 41.2 41.3 41.4 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.9 6.9 13.6 13.7 13.7 13.8 13.8 20.5 20.5 20.6 20.6 20.7 27.3 27.4 27.4 27.5 27.6 34.1 34.2 34.3 34.4 34.5 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.8 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.7 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.7 5.8 41.5 41.6 41.7 41.8 41.9 6.9 6.9 7.0 7.0 7.0 13.8 13.9 13.9 14.0 14.0 20.8 20.8 20.9 20.9 21.0 27.7 27.7 27.8 27.9 28.0 34.6 34.7 34.8 34.9 35.0 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.8 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.8 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.9 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.1 6.1 6.2 0.9 0.1 6.3 2.8 0.2 6.3 4.6 0.3 6.5 0.4 6.4 8.3 0.5 6.5 10.2 0.6 6.5 12.0 0.7 6.6 13.9 0.8 6.7 15.7 0.9 17.6 1.0 6.2 19.4 1.1 6.3 21.3 1.2 6.4 23.1 1.3 6.4 25.0 1.4 6.5 26.8 1.5 28.7 6.6 30.5 1.6 6.6 32.3 1.7 6.7 34.2 1.8 6.8 6.8 42.0 42.1 42.2 42.3 42.4 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.1 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.1 14.1 21.0 21.0 21.1 21.1 21.2 28.0 28.0 28.1 28.2 28.3 35.0 35.1 35.1 35.2 35.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.8 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.7 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.9 42.5 42.6 42.7 42.8 42.9 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.2 7.2 14.2 14.2 14.3 14.3 14.3 21.3 21.3 21.4 21.4 21.5 28.3 28.4 28.5 28.6 28.6 35.4 35.5 35.6 35.7 35.8 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.5 5.6 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.2 6.3 43.0 43.1 43.2 43.3 43.4 7.1 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 14.3 14.3 14.4 14.4 14.5 21.5 21.5 21.6 21.6 21.7 28.6 28.7 28.8 28.9 28.9 35.8 35.9 36.0 36.1 36.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.9 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.6 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.8 5.9 5.9 6.0 6.1 43.5 43.6 43.7 43.8 43.9 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 14.5 14.5 14.6 14.6 14.7 21.8 21.8 21.9 21.9 22.0 29.0 29.1 29.2 29.2 29.3 36.3 36.3 36.4 36.5 36.6 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.8 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.7 6.2 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 10′ 20′ 30′ 40′ 50′ 0′ 1′ 2′ 3′ 4′ 5′ 6′ 7′ 8′ ′ The Double-Second-Difference correction (Corr.) is always to be added to the tabulated altitude ′ ′ 0.8 2.5 4.2 5.9 7.6 9.3 11.0 12.7 14.4 16.1 17.8 19.5 21.2 22.8 24.5 26.2 27.9 29.6 31.3 33.0 34.7 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 0.9 2.6 4.4 6.2 7.9 9.7 11.4 13.2 14.9 16.7 18.5 20.2 22.0 23.7 25.5 27.3 29.0 30.8 32.5 34.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 6.4 6.4 6.5 1.0 6.6 3.0 0.1 6.7 4.9 0.2 0.3 6.9 6.7 0.4 8.9 6.8 0.5 10.8 6.9 0.6 12.8 6.9 0.7 7.0 14.8 0.8 16.7 0.9 6.5 18.7 1.0 20.7 6.6 1.1 6.7 22.7 1.2 6.7 24.6 1.3 6.8 26.6 1.4 28.6 1.5 6.9 30.5 1.6 7.0 32.5 1.7 7.0 34.5 7.1 7.2 9′ INTERPOLATION TABLE Altitude Difference (d) Dec Inc Tens Decimals 10′ ′ 20′ ′ 30′ ′ 40′ ′ 50′ ′ 44.0 44.1 44.2 44.3 44.4 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.4 14.6 14.7 14.7 14.8 14.8 22.0 22.0 22.1 22.1 22.2 29.3 29.4 29.4 29.5 29.6 44.5 44.6 44.7 44.8 44.9 7.4 7.4 7.5 7.5 7.5 14.8 14.9 14.9 15.0 15.0 22.3 22.3 22.4 22.4 22.5 45.0 45.1 45.2 45.3 45.4 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.6 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.1 15.1 45.5 45.6 45.7 45.8 45.9 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.7 7.7 46.0 46.1 46.2 46.3 46.4 ⇓ Units 1′ ′ 2′ ′ 3′ ′ 4′ ′ 5′ ′ 6′ ′ 7′ ′ 8′ ′ 36.6 36.7 36.8 36.9 37.0 ′ 0′ ′ 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.7 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.2 29.7 29.7 29.8 29.9 30.0 37.1 37.2 37.3 37.4 37.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.6 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.6 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.5 6.6 22.5 22.5 22.6 22.6 22.7 30.0 30.0 30.1 30.2 30.3 37.5 37.6 37.6 37.7 37.8 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.6 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.8 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.5 5.6 6.1 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 15.2 15.2 15.3 15.3 15.3 22.8 22.8 22.9 22.9 23.0 30.3 30.4 30.5 30.6 30.6 37.9 38.0 38.1 38.2 38.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.7 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.7 5.8 5.8 5.9 6.0 7.6 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 15.3 15.3 15.4 15.4 15.5 23.0 23.0 23.1 23.1 23.2 30.6 30.7 30.8 30.9 30.9 38.3 38.4 38.5 38.6 38.7 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.6 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 46.5 46.6 46.7 46.8 46.9 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.9 15.5 15.5 15.6 15.6 15.7 23.3 23.3 23.4 23.4 23.5 31.0 31.1 31.2 31.2 31.3 38.8 38.8 38.9 39.0 39.1 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.8 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 47.0 47.1 47.2 47.3 47.4 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.9 7.9 15.6 15.7 15.7 15.8 15.8 23.5 23.5 23.6 23.6 23.7 31.3 31.4 31.4 31.5 31.6 39.1 39.2 39.3 39.4 39.5 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.7 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 47.5 47.6 47.7 47.8 47.9 7.9 7.9 8.0 8.0 8.0 15.8 15.9 15.9 16.0 16.0 23.8 23.8 23.9 23.9 24.0 31.7 31.7 31.8 31.9 32.0 39.6 39.7 39.8 39.9 40.0 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.8 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 48.0 48.1 48.2 48.3 48.4 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.1 16.0 16.0 16.0 16.1 16.1 24.0 24.0 24.1 24.1 24.2 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.2 32.3 40.0 40.1 40.1 40.2 40.3 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.9 48.5 48.6 48.7 48.8 48.9 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.2 8.2 16.2 16.2 16.3 16.3 16.3 24.3 24.3 24.4 24.4 24.5 32.3 32.4 32.5 32.6 32.6 40.4 40.5 40.6 40.7 40.8 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 49.0 49.1 49.2 49.3 49.4 8.1 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 16.3 16.3 16.4 16.4 16.5 24.5 24.5 24.6 24.6 24.7 32.6 32.7 32.8 32.9 32.9 40.8 40.9 41.0 41.1 41.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 49.5 49.6 49.7 49.8 49.9 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.4 16.5 16.5 16.6 16.6 16.7 24.8 24.8 24.9 24.9 25.0 33.0 33.1 33.2 33.2 33.3 41.3 41.3 41.4 41.5 41.6 50.0 50.1 50.2 50.3 50.4 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.4 8.4 16.6 16.7 16.7 16.8 16.8 25.0 25.0 25.1 25.1 25.2 33.3 33.4 33.4 33.5 33.6 41.6 41.7 41.8 41.9 42.0 50.5 50.6 50.7 50.8 50.9 8.4 8.4 8.5 8.5 8.5 16.8 16.9 16.9 17.0 17.0 25.3 25.3 25.4 25.4 25.5 33.7 33.7 33.8 33.9 34.0 51.0 51.1 51.2 51.3 51.4 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.6 17.0 17.0 17.0 17.1 17.1 25.5 25.5 25.6 25.6 25.7 51.5 51.6 51.7 51.8 51.9 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.7 8.7 17.2 17.2 17.3 17.3 17.3 10′ 20′ ′ Double Second Diff and Corr 9′ ′ Tens Decimals 10′ ′ 20′ ′ 30′ ′ 40′ ′ 50′ ′ ⇓ Units 0′ ′ 1′ ′ 2′ ′ 3′ ′ 4′ ′ 5′ ′ 6′ ′ 7′ ′ 8′ ′ 9′ ′ 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.8 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.7 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.3 7.9 8.0 8.0 8.1 8.2 52.0 52.1 52.2 52.3 52.4 8.6 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 17.3 17.3 17.4 17.4 17.5 26.0 26.0 26.1 26.1 26.2 34.6 34.7 34.8 34.9 34.9 43.3 43.4 43.5 43.6 43.7 52.5 52.6 52.7 52.8 52.9 8.8 8.8 8.8 8.8 8.9 17.5 17.5 17.6 17.6 17.7 26.3 26.3 26.4 26.4 26.5 35.0 35.1 35.2 35.2 35.3 43.8 43.8 43.9 44.0 44.1 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.9 6.0 6.6 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 53.0 53.1 53.2 53.3 53.4 8.8 8.8 8.8 8.9 8.9 17.6 17.7 17.7 17.8 17.8 26.5 26.5 26.6 26.6 26.7 35.3 35.4 35.4 35.5 35.6 44.1 44.2 44.3 44.4 44.5 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.8 1.1 6.9 3.2 0.1 7.0 5.3 0.2 0.3 7.5 7.0 0.4 9.6 7.1 0.5 7.2 11.7 0.6 13.9 7.3 0.7 7.3 16.0 0.8 18.1 0.9 6.8 20.3 1.0 6.9 22.4 1.1 7.0 24.5 1.2 7.1 26.7 1.3 7.1 28.8 1.4 30.9 1.5 7.2 33.1 1.6 35.2 7.3 7.4 7.4 7.5 53.5 53.6 53.7 53.8 53.9 8.9 8.9 9.0 9.0 9.0 17.8 17.9 17.9 18.0 18.0 26.8 26.8 26.9 26.9 27.0 35.7 35.7 35.8 35.9 36.0 44.6 44.7 44.8 44.9 45.0 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.0 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.8 7.9 8.5 8.6 8.6 8.7 8.8 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.7 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.4 6.5 7.0 7.1 7.1 7.2 7.3 54.0 54.1 54.2 54.3 54.4 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.1 18.0 18.0 18.0 18.1 18.1 27.0 27.0 27.1 27.1 27.2 36.0 36.0 36.1 36.2 36.3 45.0 45.1 45.1 45.2 45.3 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 6.4 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 7.3 7.4 7.4 7.5 7.6 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.4 8.5 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.0 6.1 6.6 6.7 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.4 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 54.5 54.6 54.7 54.8 54.9 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.2 9.2 18.2 18.2 18.3 18.3 18.3 27.3 27.3 27.4 27.4 27.5 36.3 36.4 36.5 36.6 36.6 45.4 45.5 45.6 45.7 45.8 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.6 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.5 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.2 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.6 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.4 55.0 55.1 55.2 55.3 55.4 9.1 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 18.3 18.3 18.4 18.4 18.5 27.5 27.5 27.6 27.6 27.7 36.6 36.7 36.8 36.9 36.9 45.8 45.9 46.0 46.1 46.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.0 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.8 55.5 55.6 55.7 55.8 55.9 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.4 18.5 18.5 18.6 18.6 18.7 27.8 27.8 27.9 27.9 28.0 37.0 37.1 37.2 37.2 37.3 46.3 46.3 46.4 46.5 46.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.5 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.7 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.7 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.5 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 7.3 7.4 7.4 7.5 7.6 56.0 56.1 56.2 56.3 56.4 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.4 9.4 18.6 18.7 18.7 18.8 18.8 28.0 28.0 28.1 28.1 28.2 37.3 37.4 37.4 37.5 37.6 46.6 46.7 46.8 46.9 47.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.1 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 6.1 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.9 7.0 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.7 7.8 7.8 7.9 8.0 56.5 56.6 56.7 56.8 56.9 9.4 9.4 9.5 9.5 9.5 18.8 18.9 18.9 19.0 19.0 28.3 28.3 28.4 28.4 28.5 37.7 37.7 37.8 37.9 38.0 47.1 47.2 47.3 47.4 47.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.8 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.8 5.9 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.8 6.9 57.0 57.1 57.2 57.3 57.4 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.6 19.0 19.0 19.0 19.1 19.1 28.5 28.5 28.6 28.6 28.7 38.0 38.0 38.1 38.2 38.3 47.5 47.6 47.6 47.7 47.8 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.4 6.5 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.3 57.5 57.6 57.7 57.8 57.9 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.7 9.7 19.2 19.2 19.3 19.3 19.3 28.8 28.8 28.9 28.9 29.0 38.3 38.4 38.5 38.6 38.6 47.9 48.0 48.1 48.2 48.3 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.7 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.1 6.2 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.4 7.5 7.6 1.4 0.1 7.7 4.2 0.2 7.8 7.1 0.3 9.9 7.8 12.7 0.4 7.9 15.5 0.5 8.0 18.4 0.6 8.1 21.2 0.7 8.2 24.0 0.8 0.9 26.8 7.6 29.7 1.0 7.7 32.5 1.1 7.7 35.3 1.2 7.8 7.9 58.0 58.1 58.2 58.3 58.4 9.6 9.7 9.7 9.7 9.7 19.3 19.3 19.4 19.4 19.5 29.0 29.0 29.1 29.1 29.2 38.6 38.7 38.8 38.9 38.9 48.3 48.4 48.5 48.6 48.7 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 42.1 42.2 42.3 42.4 42.5 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.7 5.8 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.6 7.2 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 58.5 58.6 58.7 58.8 58.9 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.9 19.5 19.5 19.6 19.6 19.7 29.3 29.3 29.4 29.4 29.5 39.0 39.1 39.2 39.2 39.3 48.8 48.8 48.9 49.0 49.1 34.0 34.0 34.1 34.2 34.3 42.5 42.6 42.6 42.7 42.8 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.6 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.9 7.0 7.0 7.1 7.2 59.0 59.1 59.2 59.3 59.4 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.9 9.9 19.6 19.7 19.7 19.8 19.8 29.5 29.5 29.6 29.6 29.7 39.3 39.4 39.4 39.5 39.6 49.1 49.2 49.3 49.4 49.5 25.8 25.8 25.9 25.9 26.0 34.3 34.4 34.5 34.6 34.6 42.9 43.0 43.1 43.2 43.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.8 5.9 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.6 8.0 8.1 8.2 1.6 8.2 4.8 0.1 8.3 8.0 0.2 0.3 11.2 7.7 14.5 0.4 7.8 17.7 0.5 7.9 20.9 0.6 8.0 24.1 0.7 8.1 27.3 0.8 0.9 8.2 30.5 1.0 8.2 33.7 1.1 8.3 36.9 8.4 8.5 59.5 9.9 19.8 29.8 59.6 9.9 19.9 29.8 59.7 10.0 19.9 29.9 59.8 10.0 20.0 29.9 59.9 10.0 20.0 30.0 39.7 39.7 39.8 39.9 40.0 49.6 49.7 49.8 49.9 50.0 30′ 40′ 50′ 0′ 1′ 2′ 3′ 4′ 5′ 6′ 7′ 8′ 40′ 50′ 1.2 3.5 5.8 8.1 10.5 12.8 15.1 17.4 19.8 22.1 24.4 26.7 29.1 31.4 33.7 36.0 1.3 3.8 6.3 8.9 11.4 14.0 16.5 19.0 21.6 24.1 26.7 29.2 31.7 34.3 ′ Dec Inc ′ 9′ ′ Altitude Difference (d) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 ′ 10′ 20′ 30′ Double Second Diff and Corr ′ ′ 1.8 5.5 9.1 12.8 16.5 20.1 23.8 27.4 31.1 34.7 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 2.1 6.2 10.4 14.5 18.6 22.8 26.9 31.1 35.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 7.7 7.8 7.9 8.0 8.1 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.9 9.0 2.4 7.2 12.0 16.8 21.6 26.4 31.2 36.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.8 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.9 8.0 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 2.9 8.6 8.6 8.7 14.4 20.2 8.8 25.9 8.9 31.7 9.0 37.5 9.1 9.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.3 7.4 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 3.6 8.8 10.9 8.9 18.2 8.9 25.5 9.0 32.8 9.1 40.1 9.2 9.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.7 7.8 7.9 8.0 8.0 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.8 7.9 8.0 8.1 8.2 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.9 9.0 9.1 9.2 8.2 0.1 24.6 9.3 41.0 0.2 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.9 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.9 9.0 9.1 16.2 0.1 9.2 48.6 9.3 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 9.4 9.5 9.6 0.0 0.0 9.7 48.2 9.8 0′ 1′ 2′ 3′ 4′ 5′ 6′ 7′ 8′ The Double-Second-Difference correction (Corr.) is always to be added to the tabulated altitude 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.9 5.0 9.0 15.0 0.1 0.2 9.1 25.0 0.3 35.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9′ PREFACE This six-volume series of Sight Reduction Tables for Marine Navigation is designed to facilitate the practice of celestial navigation at sea by the Marcq Saint Hilaire or intercept method The tabular data are the solutions of the navigational triangle of which two sides and the included angle are known and it is necessary to find the values of the third side and adjacent angle The tables, intended for use with The Nautical Almanac, are designed for precise interpolation of altitude for declination by means of interpolation tables which facilitate linear interpolation and provide additionally for the effect of second differences when required The concept, design, development, and preparation of these tables are the results of the collaborative efforts and joint accomplishments of the National Imagery and Mapping Agency, the U.S Naval Observatory, and Her Majesty’s Nautical Almanac Office, Royal Greenwich Observatory The tabular material in identical format has been published in the United Kingdom by the Hydrographic Department, Ministry of Defence (Navy), as N.P 401 This reprint was compiled on a Hewlett Packard K420 server with an HP C180 client workstation, and was composed in its entirety as a digital document Users should refer corrections, additions, and comments for improving this product to: MARINE NAVIGATION DEPARTMENT ST D 44 NATIONAL IMAGERY AND MAPPING AGENCY 4600 SANGAMORE ROAD BETHESDA MD 20816-5003 III CONTENTS Page PREFACE INTRODUCTION A DESCRIPTION OF TABLES Purpose and Scope Arrangement B INTERPOLATION Requirements First and Second Differences Linear Interpolation The Interpolation Table Interpolation when Second Differences are Required C SPECIAL TECHNIQUES Adjustment of Straight Line of Position Interpolation for Latitude and Local Hour Angle Interpolation near the Horizon Negative Altitudes Interpolation near the Zenith D OTHER APPLICATIONS Star Identification Great-Circle Sailing Points along Great Circle General Spherical Triangle Solutions Compass Error E BACKGROUND Accuracy of Tables Computation Formulas F GLOSSARY G EXAMPLE SIGHT REDUCTIONS TABLE OF OFFSETS SIGHT REDUCTION TABLES Latitudes 15° to 22° Latitudes 23° to 30° INTERPOLATION TABLE Declination Increment0.0′ to 31.9′ Declination Increment28.0′ to 59.9′ IV III V V V X X X XI XV XVII XVII XVIII XVIII XIX XX XXIII XXIII XXIV XXV XXV XXVI XXIX XVI XIII 2-183 184-365 Inside front cover Inside back cover INTRODUCTION A DESCRIPTION OF TABLES Purpose and Scope The main purpose of these tables is to facilitate the practice of celestial navigation at sea A secondary purpose is to provide, within the limitations of the tabular precision and interval, a table of the solutions of a spherical triangle of which two sides and the included angle are known and it is necessary to find the values of the third side and adjacent angle The tables have been designed primarily for use with the Marcq Saint Hilaire or intercept method of sight reduction, utilizing a position assumed or chosen so that interpolation for latitude and local hour angle is not required For entering arguments of integral degrees of latitude, declination, and local hour angle, altitudes and their differences are tabulated to the nearest tenth of a minute, azimuth angles to the nearest tenth of a degree But the tables are designed for precise interpolation of altitude for declination only by means of interpolation tables which facilitate linear interpolation and provide additionally for the effect of second differences The data are applicable to the solutions of sights of all celestial bodies; there are no limiting values of altitude, latitude, hour angle, or declination Arrangement The tables are divided into six volumes, each of which includes two eight-degree zones of latitude An overlap of 1° occurs between volumes The six volumes cover latitude bands 0° to 15°, 15° to 30°, 30° to 45°, 45° to 60°, 60° to 75°, and 75° to 90° Each consecutive opening of the pages of a latitude zone differs from the preceding one by 1° of local hour angle (LHA) As shown in figures and 2, the values of LHA are prominently displayed at the top and bottom of each page; the horizontal argument heading each column is latitude, and the vertical argument is declination For each combination of arguments, the tabulations are: the tabular altitude (ht or Tab Hc), the altitude difference (d) with its sign, and the azimuth angle (Z) Within each opening, the data on the left-hand page are the altitudes, altitude differences, and azimuth angles of celestial bodies when the latitude of the observer has the same name as the declinations of the bodies For any LHA tabulated on a left-hand page and any combination of the tabular latitude and declination arguments, the tabular altitude and associated azimuth angle respondents on the left-hand page are those of a body above the celestial horizon of the observer The LHA’s tabulated on the left-hand pages are limited to the following ranges: 0° increasing to 90° and 360° decreasing to 270° On any left-hand page there are two tabulated LHA’s, one LHA in the range 0° increasing to 90° and the second in the range 360° decreasing to 270° On the right-hand page of each opening, the data above the horizontal rules are the tabular altitudes, altitude differences, and azimuth angles of celestial bodies above the celestial horizon when the latitude of the observer has a name contrary to the name of the declinations of the bodies and the LHA’s of the bodies are those tabulated at the top of the page The data below the horizontal rules are the tabular altitudes, altitude differences, and azimuth angles of celestial bodies above the celestial horizon when the latitude of the observer has the same name as the declinations of the bodies and the LHA’s of the bodies are those tabulated at the bottom of the page The LHA’s tabulated at the top of a right-hand page are the same as those tabulated on the left-hand page of the opening The LHA’s tabulated at the bottom of the right-hand page are limited to the range 90° increasing to 270°; one of the two LHA’s at the bottom of the page is in the range 90° increasing to 180°; the other LHA is in the range 180° increasing to 270°; the LHA in the range 90° increasing to 180° is the supplement of the LHA at the top of the page in the range 0° increasing to 90° When the LHA is 90°, the left and right-hand pages are identical The horizontal rules, known as the Contrary-Same Line or C-S Line, indicate the degree of declination in which the celestial horizon occurs V INTRODUCTION LATITUDE SAME NAME AS DECLINATION 60°, 300° L.H.A 15° Dec Hc ° 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 ° 28 29 29 29 29 30 30 30 30 31 31 31 31 31 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 31 31 31 31 31 31 30 30 30 30 29 29 29 28 28 28 28 27 27 27 26 26 26 25 25 24 24 24 23 23 22 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 ′ 52.7 10.2 27.1 43.5 59.4 14.6 29.3 43.4 57.0 09.9 22.2 33.9 45.0 55.5 05.3 14.5 23.1 30.9 38.2 44.8 50.7 55.9 00.5 04.3 07.6 10.1 11.9 13.1 13.5 13.3 12.4 10.8 08.6 05.6 02.0 57.7 52.7 47.0 40.7 33.7 26.1 17.8 08.8 59.2 49.0 38.2 26.7 14.6 01.9 48.6 34.7 20.2 05.1 49.5 33.3 16.6 59.3 41.5 23.2 04.4 45.0 25.2 04.9 44.1 22.9 01.2 39.0 16.5 53.5 30.1 06.2 42.0 17.4 52.5 27.1 01.5 35.4 09.1 42.4 15.4 48.1 20.4 52.5 24.4 55.9 27.2 58.2 29.0 59.6 29.9 90 15 00.0 16° d Z ′ – 29.0 – 29.2 – 29.4 – 29.7 – 29.9 ° 98.5 97.4 96.3 95.2 94.1 93.0 91.8 90.7 89.6 88.4 87.3 86.1 85.0 83.8 82.7 81.5 80.3 79.2 78.0 76.8 75.6 74.4 73.2 72.0 70.9 69.7 68.5 67.3 66.1 64.9 63.7 62.5 61.3 60.1 58.9 57.7 56.5 55.4 54.2 53.0 51.8 50.6 49.5 48.3 47.1 46.0 44.8 43.7 42.6 41.4 40.3 39.2 38.0 36.9 35.8 34.7 33.6 32.5 31.4 30.4 29.3 28.2 27.2 26.1 25.1 24.0 23.0 22.0 21.0 19.9 18.9 17.9 16.9 16.0 15.0 14.0 13.0 12.1 11.1 10.1 9.2 8.3 7.3 6.4 5.5 4.5 3.6 2.7 1.8 0.9 – 30.1 0.0 + 17.5 + 16.9 + 16.4 + 15.9 + 15.2 + 14.7 + 14.1 + 13.6 + 12.9 + 12.3 + 11.7 + 11.1 + 10.5 + 9.8 + 9.2 + 8.6 + 7.8 + 7.3 + 6.6 + 5.9 + 5.2 + 4.6 + 3.8 + 3.3 + 2.5 + 1.8 + 1.2 + 0.4 – 0.2 – 0.9 – 1.6 – 2.2 – 3.0 – 3.6 – 4.3 – 5.0 – 5.7 – 6.3 – 7.0 – 7.6 – 8.3 – 9.0 – 9.6 – 10.2 – 10.8 – 11.5 – 12.1 – 12.7 – 13.3 – 13.9 – 14.5 – 15.1 – 15.6 – 16.2 – 16.7 – 17.3 – 17.8 – 18.3 – 18.8 – 19.4 – 19.8 – 20.3 – 20.8 – 21.2 – 21.7 – 22.2 – 22.5 – 23.0 – 23.4 – 23.9 – 24.2 – 24.6 – 24.9 – 25.4 – 25.6 – 26.1 – 26.3 – 26.7 – 27.0 – 27.3 – 27.7 – 27.9 – 28.1 – 28.5 – 28.7 Hc ° 28 29 29 29 29 30 30 30 30 31 31 31 31 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 32 32 32 32 32 32 31 31 31 31 31 30 30 30 30 29 29 29 28 28 28 27 27 27 26 26 26 25 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 ′ 43.6 02.2 20.3 37.8 54.8 11.2 27.1 42.4 57.1 11.2 24.7 37.6 49.9 01.6 12.7 23.1 32.8 41.9 50.4 58.1 05.2 11.7 17.4 22.5 26.9 30.6 33.6 36.0 37.6 38.5 38.7 38.3 37.1 35.3 32.7 29.5 25.5 20.9 15.6 09.6 03.0 55.6 47.6 39.0 29.6 19.7 09.1 57.8 45.9 33.4 20.3 06.6 52.3 37.4 21.9 05.8 49.2 32.0 14.3 56.1 37.3 18.0 58.2 37.9 17.2 55.9 34.2 12.1 49.5 26.4 03.0 39.1 14.8 50.1 25.1 59.7 33.9 07.7 41.2 14.4 47.3 19.8 52.0 24.0 55.6 27.0 58.1 28.9 59.5 29.9 16 00.0 15° 60°, 300° L.H.A 17° d Z ′ – 28.9 – 29.2 – 29.4 – 29.6 – 29.9 ° 99.0 98.0 96.9 95.8 94.7 93.5 92.4 91.3 90.2 89.0 87.9 86.8 85.6 84.5 83.3 82.1 81.0 79.8 78.6 77.4 76.2 75.1 73.9 72.7 71.5 70.3 69.1 67.9 66.7 65.5 64.3 63.1 61.9 60.7 59.5 58.3 57.1 55.9 54.7 53.5 52.3 51.1 50.0 48.8 47.6 46.4 45.3 44.1 43.0 41.8 40.7 39.5 38.4 37.3 36.2 35.0 33.9 32.8 31.7 30.6 29.6 28.5 27.4 26.3 25.3 24.2 23.2 22.2 21.1 20.1 19.1 18.1 17.1 16.1 15.1 14.1 13.1 12.1 11.2 10.2 9.3 8.3 7.4 6.4 5.5 4.6 3.6 2.7 1.8 0.9 – 30.1 0.0 + 18.6 + 18.1 + 17.5 + 17.0 + 16.4 + 15.9 + 15.3 + 14.7 + 14.1 + 13.5 + 12.9 + 12.3 + 11.7 + 11.1 + 10.4 + 9.7 + 9.1 + 8.5 + 7.7 + 7.1 + 6.5 + 5.7 + 5.1 + 4.4 + 3.7 + 3.0 + 2.4 + 1.6 + 0.9 + 0.2 – 0.4 – 1.2 – 1.8 – 2.6 – 3.2 – 4.0 – 4.6 – 5.3 – 6.0 – 6.6 – 7.4 – 8.0 – 8.6 – 9.4 – 9.9 – 10.6 – 11.3 – 11.9 – 12.5 – 13.1 – 13.7 – 14.3 – 14.9 – 15.5 – 16.1 – 16.6 – 17.2 – 17.7 – 18.2 – 18.8 – 19.3 – 19.8 – 20.3 – 20.7 – 21.3 – 21.7 – 22.1 – 22.6 – 23.1 – 23.4 – 23.9 – 24.3 – 24.7 – 25.0 – 25.4 – 25.8 – 26.2 – 26.5 – 26.8 – 27.1 – 27.5 – 27.8 – 28.0 – 28.4 – 28.6 16° Hc ° 28 28 29 29 29 30 30 30 30 31 31 31 31 32 32 32 32 32 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 32 32 32 32 32 31 31 31 31 30 30 30 30 29 29 29 28 28 28 27 27 27 26 26 25 25 25 24 24 23 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 ′ 33.9 53.6 12.8 31.5 49.6 07.2 24.2 40.7 56.6 11.9 26.6 40.7 54.2 07.1 19.3 30.9 41.9 52.2 01.9 10.9 19.2 26.8 33.8 40.1 45.7 50.6 54.8 58.3 01.0 03.1 04.5 05.2 05.1 04.4 02.9 00.8 57.9 54.3 50.1 45.1 39.4 33.1 26.0 18.3 09.9 00.8 51.1 40.7 29.7 18.0 05.7 52.7 39.2 25.0 10.2 54.9 38.9 22.4 05.3 47.6 29.4 10.7 51.4 31.7 11.4 50.6 29.3 07.6 45.4 22.7 59.6 36.1 12.2 47.8 23.0 57.8 32.3 06.4 40.1 13.5 46.5 19.2 51.6 23.6 55.4 26.8 58.0 28.9 59.5 29.9 17 00.0 18° d Z ′ – 28.8 – 29.1 – 29.4 – 29.6 – 29.9 ° 99.6 98.5 97.4 96.3 95.2 94.1 93.0 91.9 90.8 89.7 88.5 87.4 86.2 85.1 83.9 82.8 81.6 80.4 79.2 78.1 76.9 75.7 74.5 73.3 72.1 70.9 69.7 68.5 67.3 66.1 64.9 63.7 62.5 61.3 60.1 58.9 57.6 56.4 55.2 54.0 52.8 51.7 50.5 49.3 48.1 46.9 45.7 44.6 43.4 42.2 41.1 39.9 38.8 37.6 36.5 35.4 34.3 33.1 32.0 30.9 29.8 28.7 27.7 26.6 25.5 24.5 23.4 22.3 21.3 20.3 19.2 18.2 17.2 16.2 15.2 14.2 13.2 12.2 11.3 10.3 9.3 8.4 7.4 6.5 5.5 4.6 3.7 2.7 1.8 0.9 – 30.1 0.0 + 19.7 + 19.2 + 18.7 + 18.1 + 17.6 + 17.0 + 16.5 + 15.9 + 15.3 + 14.7 + 14.1 + 13.5 + 12.9 + 12.2 + 11.6 + 11.0 + 10.3 + 9.7 + 9.0 + 8.3 + 7.6 + 7.0 + 6.3 + 5.6 + 4.9 + 4.2 + 3.5 + 2.7 + 2.1 + 1.4 + 0.7 – 0.1 – 0.7 – 1.5 – 2.1 – 2.9 – 3.6 – 4.2 – 5.0 – 5.7 – 6.3 – 7.1 – 7.7 – 8.4 – 9.1 – 9.7 – 10.4 – 11.0 – 11.7 – 12.3 – 13.0 – 13.5 – 14.2 – 14.8 – 15.3 – 16.0 – 16.5 – 17.1 – 17.7 – 18.2 – 18.7 – 19.3 – 19.7 – 20.3 – 20.8 – 21.3 – 21.7 – 22.2 – 22.7 – 23.1 – 23.5 – 23.9 – 24.4 – 24.8 – 25.2 – 25.5 – 25.9 – 26.3 – 26.6 – 27.0 – 27.3 – 27.6 – 28.0 – 28.2 – 28.6 17° Hc ° 28 28 29 29 29 30 30 30 30 31 31 31 31 32 32 32 32 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 32 32 32 32 31 31 31 31 30 30 30 30 29 29 29 28 28 28 27 27 26 26 26 25 25 24 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 ′ 23.6 44.5 04.8 24.6 43.8 02.6 20.8 38.4 55.5 12.0 27.8 43.1 57.8 11.9 25.4 38.2 50.4 01.9 12.7 23.0 32.5 41.3 49.5 57.0 03.8 09.9 15.3 19.9 23.9 27.1 29.7 31.5 32.6 33.0 32.6 31.5 29.7 27.2 24.0 20.1 15.4 10.1 04.0 57.2 49.8 41.6 32.8 23.3 13.1 02.3 50.8 38.6 25.8 12.4 58.3 43.7 28.4 12.5 56.0 39.0 21.4 03.2 44.5 25.3 05.5 45.2 24.4 03.1 41.3 19.0 56.3 33.1 09.4 45.4 20.9 56.0 30.7 05.0 38.9 12.5 45.7 18.5 51.0 23.2 55.1 26.6 57.9 28.8 59.5 29.9 18 00.0 19° d Z ′ – 28.7 – 29.1 – 29.3 – 29.6 – 29.9 ° 100.1 99.0 98.0 96.9 95.8 94.7 93.6 92.5 91.4 90.3 89.1 88.0 86.9 85.7 84.6 83.4 82.2 81.1 79.9 78.7 77.5 76.3 75.1 73.9 72.7 71.5 70.3 69.1 67.9 66.7 65.5 64.3 63.1 61.9 60.6 59.4 58.2 57.0 55.8 54.6 53.4 52.2 51.0 49.8 48.6 47.4 46.2 45.0 43.8 42.7 41.5 40.3 39.2 38.0 36.9 35.7 34.6 33.5 32.3 31.2 30.1 29.0 27.9 26.8 25.8 24.7 23.6 22.5 21.5 20.4 19.4 18.4 17.3 16.3 15.3 14.3 13.3 12.3 11.3 10.4 9.4 8.4 7.5 6.5 5.6 4.6 3.7 2.8 1.8 0.9 – 30.1 0.0 + 20.9 + 20.3 + 19.8 + 19.2 + 18.8 + 18.2 + 17.6 + 17.1 + 16.5 + 15.8 + 15.3 + 14.7 + 14.1 + 13.5 + 12.8 + 12.2 + 11.5 + 10.8 + 10.3 + 9.5 + 8.8 + 8.2 + 7.5 + 6.8 + 6.1 + 5.4 + 4.6 + 4.0 + 3.2 + 2.6 + 1.8 + 1.1 + 0.4 – 0.4 – 1.1 – 1.8 – 2.5 – 3.2 – 3.9 – 4.7 – 5.3 – 6.1 – 6.8 – 7.4 – 8.2 – 8.8 – 9.5 – 10.2 – 10.8 – 11.5 – 12.2 – 12.8 – 13.4 – 14.1 – 14.6 – 15.3 – 15.9 – 16.5 – 17.0 – 17.6 – 18.2 – 18.7 – 19.2 – 19.8 – 20.3 – 20.8 – 21.3 – 21.8 – 22.3 – 22.7 – 23.2 – 23.7 – 24.0 – 24.5 – 24.9 – 25.3 – 25.7 – 26.1 – 26.4 – 26.8 – 27.2 – 27.5 – 27.8 – 28.1 – 28.5 Hc ° 28 28 28 29 29 29 30 30 30 31 31 31 32 32 32 32 32 33 33 33 33 33 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 35 35 35 35 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 33 33 33 33 33 32 32 32 32 32 31 31 31 30 30 30 29 29 29 28 28 28 27 27 27 26 26 25 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 ′ 12.8 34.7 56.2 17.1 37.5 57.4 16.7 35.5 53.7 11.4 28.4 44.9 00.8 16.1 30.7 44.8 58.1 10.9 23.0 34.4 45.1 55.2 04.6 13.3 21.3 28.5 35.1 41.0 46.1 50.6 54.3 57.2 59.5 01.0 01.7 01.8 01.1 59.7 57.5 54.6 51.0 46.6 41.6 35.8 29.3 22.1 14.1 05.5 56.2 46.2 35.6 24.2 12.2 59.5 46.2 32.3 17.7 02.5 46.6 30.2 13.2 55.6 37.5 18.7 59.5 39.6 19.3 58.4 37.1 15.2 52.8 30.0 06.7 42.9 18.7 54.1 29.1 03.6 37.8 11.5 44.9 17.9 50.5 22.8 54.8 26.4 57.7 28.7 59.4 29.9 19 00.0 18° 20° d Z ′ – 28.7 – 29.0 – 29.3 – 29.5 – 29.9 ° 100.6 99.6 98.5 97.4 96.4 95.3 94.2 93.1 92.0 90.9 89.7 88.6 87.5 86.3 85.2 84.0 82.9 81.7 80.5 79.4 78.2 77.0 75.8 74.6 73.4 72.2 71.0 69.8 68.6 67.4 66.1 64.9 63.7 62.5 61.3 60.0 58.8 57.6 56.4 55.2 53.9 52.7 51.5 50.3 49.1 47.9 46.7 45.5 44.3 43.1 41.9 40.8 39.6 38.4 37.3 36.1 35.0 33.8 32.7 31.5 30.4 29.3 28.2 27.1 26.0 24.9 23.8 22.8 21.7 20.6 19.6 18.5 17.5 16.5 15.4 14.4 13.4 12.4 11.4 10.4 9.5 8.5 7.5 6.6 5.6 4.7 3.7 2.8 1.8 0.9 – 30.1 0.0 + 21.9 + 21.5 + 20.9 + 20.4 + 19.9 + 19.3 + 18.8 + 18.2 + 17.7 + 17.0 + 16.5 + 15.9 + 15.3 + 14.6 + 14.1 + 13.3 + 12.8 + 12.1 + 11.4 + 10.7 + 10.1 + 9.4 + 8.7 + 8.0 + 7.2 + 6.6 + 5.9 + 5.1 + 4.5 + 3.7 + 2.9 + 2.3 + 1.5 + 0.7 + 0.1 – 0.7 – 1.4 – 2.2 – 2.9 – 3.6 – 4.4 – 5.0 – 5.8 – 6.5 – 7.2 – 8.0 – 8.6 – 9.3 – 10.0 – 10.6 – 11.4 – 12.0 – 12.7 – 13.3 – 13.9 – 14.6 – 15.2 – 15.9 – 16.4 – 17.0 – 17.6 – 18.1 – 18.8 – 19.2 – 19.9 – 20.3 – 20.9 – 21.3 – 21.9 – 22.4 – 22.8 – 23.3 – 23.8 – 24.2 – 24.6 – 25.0 – 25.5 – 25.8 – 26.3 – 26.6 – 27.0 – 27.4 – 27.7 – 28.0 – 28.4 19° Hc ° 28 28 28 29 29 29 30 30 30 31 31 31 32 32 32 32 33 33 33 33 33 34 34 34 34 34 34 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 34 34 34 34 34 34 33 33 33 33 33 32 32 32 32 31 31 31 30 30 30 29 29 29 28 28 28 27 27 26 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 ′ 01.5 24.5 47.0 09.0 30.5 51.5 12.0 31.9 51.3 10.1 28.4 46.1 03.1 19.6 35.4 50.7 05.2 19.2 32.5 45.1 57.1 08.4 19.0 28.9 38.1 46.6 54.3 01.4 07.7 13.3 18.2 22.4 25.7 28.4 30.3 31.5 31.9 31.5 30.5 28.6 26.1 22.7 18.7 13.9 08.4 02.1 55.1 47.4 39.0 29.9 20.0 09.5 58.3 46.4 33.8 20.6 06.7 52.2 37.1 21.3 04.9 47.9 30.3 12.1 53.3 34.0 14.1 53.7 32.8 11.3 49.3 26.9 03.9 40.5 16.6 52.2 27.4 02.2 36.6 10.5 44.1 17.2 50.0 22.4 54.5 26.2 57.6 28.7 59.4 29.9 20 00.0 Z ′ – 28.6 – 28.9 – 29.3 – 29.5 – 29.9 ° 101.2 100.1 99.1 98.0 96.9 95.9 94.8 93.7 92.6 91.5 90.4 89.2 88.1 87.0 85.8 84.7 83.5 82.4 81.2 80.0 78.8 77.6 76.5 75.3 74.1 72.9 71.6 70.4 69.2 68.0 66.8 65.6 64.3 63.1 61.9 60.7 59.4 58.2 57.0 55.7 54.5 53.3 52.1 50.8 49.6 48.4 47.2 46.0 44.8 43.6 42.4 41.2 40.0 38.8 37.7 36.5 35.3 34.2 33.0 31.9 30.7 29.6 28.5 27.4 26.3 25.2 24.1 23.0 21.9 20.8 19.8 18.7 17.7 16.6 15.6 14.6 13.5 12.5 11.5 10.5 9.5 8.5 7.6 6.6 5.6 4.7 3.7 2.8 1.9 0.9 – 30.1 0.0 + 23.0 + 22.5 + 22.0 + 21.5 + 21.0 + 20.5 + 19.9 + 19.4 + 18.8 + 18.3 + 17.7 + 17.0 + 16.5 + 15.8 + 15.3 + 14.5 + 14.0 + 13.3 + 12.6 + 12.0 + 11.3 + 10.6 + 9.9 + 9.2 + 8.5 + 7.7 + 7.1 + 6.3 + 5.6 + 4.9 + 4.2 + 3.3 + 2.7 + 1.9 + 1.2 + 0.4 – 0.4 – 1.0 – 1.9 – 2.5 – 3.4 – 4.0 – 4.8 – 5.5 – 6.3 – 7.0 – 7.7 – 8.4 – 9.1 – 9.9 – 10.5 – 11.2 – 11.9 – 12.6 – 13.2 – 13.9 – 14.5 – 15.1 – 15.8 – 16.4 – 17.0 – 17.6 – 18.2 – 18.8 – 19.3 – 19.9 – 20.4 – 20.9 – 21.5 – 22.0 – 22.4 – 23.0 – 23.4 – 23.9 – 24.4 – 24.8 – 25.2 – 25.6 – 26.1 – 26.4 – 26.9 – 27.2 – 27.6 – 27.9 – 28.3 VI greater than 180° .Zn=Z { L.H.A L.H.A less than 180° Zn=360°–Z 21° d 20° LATITUDE SAME NAME AS DECLINATION FIGURE N Lat Hc ° 27 28 28 29 29 29 30 30 30 31 31 31 32 32 32 32 33 33 33 33 34 34 34 34 34 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 36 36 36 36 36 36 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 34 34 34 34 34 33 33 33 33 32 32 32 32 31 31 31 30 30 30 29 29 29 28 28 27 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 ′ 49.6 13.6 37.3 00.4 23.0 45.1 06.7 27.8 48.3 08.3 27.7 46.5 04.8 22.4 39.5 55.9 11.7 26.8 41.3 55.2 08.4 20.9 32.7 43.8 54.2 03.9 12.9 21.2 28.7 35.5 41.6 46.9 51.4 55.2 58.3 00.6 02.1 02.9 02.9 02.2 00.6 58.4 55.3 51.6 47.0 41.7 35.7 28.9 21.4 13.2 04.2 54.5 44.1 33.0 21.2 08.7 55.6 41.8 27.3 12.1 56.4 40.0 22.9 05.3 47.1 28.3 08.9 48.9 28.4 07.3 45.8 23.7 01.0 37.9 14.3 50.3 25.7 00.8 35.3 09.5 43.2 16.6 49.5 22.0 54.2 26.0 57.5 28.6 59.4 29.8 21 00.0 22° d Z ′ – 28.5 – 28.9 – 29.2 – 29.6 – 29.8 ° 101.7 100.7 99.6 98.6 97.5 96.4 95.3 94.3 93.2 92.1 91.0 89.8 88.7 87.6 86.5 85.3 84.2 83.0 81.8 80.7 79.5 78.3 77.1 75.9 74.7 73.5 72.3 71.1 69.9 68.7 67.4 66.2 65.0 63.7 62.5 61.3 60.0 58.8 57.6 56.3 55.1 53.9 52.6 51.4 50.2 48.9 47.7 46.5 45.3 44.1 42.9 41.7 40.5 39.3 38.1 36.9 35.7 34.5 33.4 32.2 31.1 29.9 28.8 27.6 26.5 25.4 24.3 23.2 22.1 21.0 20.0 18.9 17.8 16.8 15.7 14.7 13.7 12.6 11.6 10.6 9.6 8.6 7.6 6.7 5.7 4.7 3.8 2.8 1.9 0.9 – 30.1 0.0 + 24.0 + 23.7 + 23.1 + 22.6 + 22.1 + 21.6 + 21.1 + 20.5 + 20.0 + 19.4 + 18.8 + 18.3 + 17.6 + 17.1 + 16.4 + 15.8 + 15.1 + 14.5 + 13.9 + 13.2 + 12.5 + 11.8 + 11.1 + 10.4 + 9.7 + 9.0 + 8.3 + 7.5 + 6.8 + 6.1 + 5.3 + 4.5 + 3.8 + 3.1 + 2.3 + 1.5 + 0.8 0.0 – 0.7 – 1.6 – 2.2 – 3.1 – 3.7 – 4.6 – 5.3 – 6.0 – 6.8 – 7.5 – 8.2 – 9.0 – 9.7 – 10.4 – 11.1 – 11.8 – 12.5 – 13.1 – 13.8 – 14.5 – 15.2 – 15.7 – 16.4 – 17.1 – 17.6 – 18.2 – 18.8 – 19.4 – 20.0 – 20.5 – 21.1 – 21.5 – 22.1 – 22.7 – 23.1 – 23.6 – 24.0 – 24.6 – 24.9 – 25.5 – 25.8 – 26.3 – 26.6 – 27.1 – 27.5 – 27.8 – 28.2 21° Hc ° 27 28 28 28 29 29 30 30 30 31 31 31 32 32 32 33 33 33 33 34 34 34 34 34 35 35 35 35 35 35 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 35 35 35 35 35 35 34 34 34 34 34 33 33 33 32 32 32 32 31 31 31 30 30 29 29 29 28 28 27 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 ′ 37.1 02.3 27.0 51.2 14.9 38.1 00.8 23.0 44.7 05.8 26.4 46.4 05.8 24.6 42.8 00.5 17.4 33.8 49.5 04.6 19.0 32.7 45.7 58.0 09.7 20.6 30.8 40.3 49.0 57.0 04.3 10.8 16.5 21.5 25.7 29.1 31.8 33.7 34.8 35.1 34.7 33.5 31.5 28.8 25.2 20.9 15.8 10.0 03.4 56.1 48.0 39.2 29.6 19.3 08.3 56.6 44.2 31.1 17.3 02.8 47.7 31.9 15.4 58.4 40.7 22.4 03.5 44.0 23.9 03.3 42.1 20.4 58.1 35.4 12.1 48.3 24.0 59.3 34.1 08.5 42.4 15.9 49.0 21.6 53.9 25.8 57.4 28.5 59.4 29.8 22 00.0 d Z Dec ′ – 28.4 – 28.9 – 29.1 – 29.6 – 29.8 ° 102.2 101.2 100.1 99.1 98.0 97.0 95.9 94.8 93.8 92.7 91.6 90.5 89.4 88.2 87.1 86.0 84.8 83.7 82.5 81.3 80.2 79.0 77.8 76.6 75.4 74.2 73.0 71.8 70.6 69.3 68.1 66.9 65.6 64.4 63.2 61.9 60.7 59.4 58.2 56.9 55.7 54.5 53.2 52.0 50.7 49.5 48.3 47.0 45.8 44.6 43.3 42.1 40.9 39.7 38.5 37.3 36.1 34.9 33.7 32.6 31.4 30.2 29.1 27.9 26.8 25.7 24.6 23.4 22.3 21.2 20.2 19.1 18.0 16.9 15.9 14.8 13.8 12.7 11.7 10.7 9.7 8.7 7.7 6.7 5.7 4.8 3.8 2.8 1.9 0.9 ° 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 – 30.2 0.0 90 + 25.2 + 24.7 + 24.2 + 23.7 + 23.2 + 22.7 + 22.2 + 21.7 + 21.1 + 20.6 + 20.0 + 19.4 + 18.8 + 18.2 + 17.7 + 16.9 + 16.4 + 15.7 + 15.1 + 14.4 + 13.7 + 13.0 + 12.3 + 11.7 + 10.9 + 10.2 + 9.5 + 8.7 + 8.0 + 7.3 + 6.5 + 5.7 + 5.0 + 4.2 + 3.4 + 2.7 + 1.9 + 1.1 + 0.3 – 0.4 – 1.2 – 2.0 – 2.7 – 3.6 – 4.3 – 5.1 – 5.8 – 6.6 – 7.3 – 8.1 – 8.8 – 9.6 – 10.3 – 11.0 – 11.7 – 12.4 – 13.1 – 13.8 – 14.5 – 15.1 – 15.8 – 16.5 – 17.0 – 17.7 – 18.3 – 18.9 – 19.5 – 20.1 – 20.6 – 21.2 – 21.7 – 22.3 – 22.7 – 23.3 – 23.8 – 24.3 – 24.7 – 25.2 – 25.6 – 26.1 – 26.5 – 26.9 – 27.4 – 27.7 – 28.1 22° A DESCRIPTION OF TABLES LATITUDE CONTRARY NAME TO DECLINATION 15° Dec Hc ° 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 ° 28 28 28 27 27 27 26 26 26 25 25 25 24 24 23 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 9 8 6 5 4 3 2 0 0 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 ′ 52.7 34.7 16.2 57.2 37.7 17.7 57.2 36.2 14.8 53.0 30.7 07.9 44.8 21.2 57.2 32.9 08.2 43.1 17.6 51.8 25.6 59.1 32.3 05.2 37.8 10.1 42.0 13.8 45.2 16.4 47.3 18.0 48.5 18.8 48.8 18.6 48.2 17.6 46.9 16.0 44.9 13.6 42.2 10.7 39.0 07.2 35.2 03.2 31.0 58.8 26.4 54.0 21.5 48.9 16.3 43.6 10.9 38.1 05.3 32.5 59.6 26.7 06.1 39.0 11.9 44.7 17.6 50.4 23.1 55.8 28.5 01.1 33.7 06.1 38.5 10.8 43.1 15.2 47.2 19.1 50.8 22.5 54.0 25.3 56.5 27.5 58.4 29.1 59.6 29.9 90 15 00.0 Z ′ + 30.9 + 30.7 + 30.5 + 30.3 + 30.1 ° 98.5 99.6 100.7 101.7 102.8 103.9 104.9 106.0 107.0 108.1 109.1 110.1 111.1 112.1 113.1 114.1 115.1 116.1 117.1 118.1 119.0 120.0 121.0 121.9 122.9 123.8 124.7 125.7 126.6 127.5 128.4 129.3 130.2 131.1 132.0 132.9 133.8 134.7 135.6 136.5 137.3 138.2 139.1 139.9 140.8 141.7 142.5 143.4 144.2 145.1 145.9 146.8 147.6 148.5 149.3 150.1 151.0 151.8 152.7 153.5 154.3 155.2 24.0 23.2 22.3 21.5 20.6 19.8 19.0 18.1 17.3 16.4 15.6 14.8 13.9 13.1 12.2 11.4 10.5 9.6 8.8 7.9 7.1 6.2 5.3 4.4 3.6 2.7 1.8 0.9 + 29.9 0.0 – 18.0 – 18.5 – 19.0 – 19.5 – 20.0 – 20.5 – 21.0 – 21.4 – 21.8 – 22.3 – 22.8 – 23.1 – 23.6 – 24.0 – 24.3 – 24.7 – 25.1 – 25.5 – 25.8 – 26.2 – 26.5 – 26.8 – 27.1 – 27.4 – 27.7 – 28.1 – 28.2 – 28.6 – 28.8 – 29.1 – 29.3 – 29.5 – 29.7 – 30.0 – 30.2 – 30.4 – 30.6 – 30.7 – 30.9 – 31.1 – 31.3 – 31.4 – 31.5 – 31.7 – 31.8 – 32.0 – 32.0 – 32.2 – 32.2 – 32.4 – 32.4 – 32.5 – 32.6 – 32.6 – 32.7 – 32.7 – 32.8 – 32.8 – 32.8 – 32.9 – 32.9 – 32.8 + 32.9 + 32.9 + 32.8 + 32.9 + 32.8 + 32.7 + 32.7 + 32.7 + 32.6 + 32.6 + 32.4 + 32.4 + 32.3 + 32.3 + 32.1 + 32.0 + 31.9 + 31.7 + 31.7 + 31.5 + 31.3 + 31.2 + 31.0 15° S Lat 16° d Hc ° 28 28 28 27 27 27 26 26 25 25 25 24 24 23 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 ′ 43.6 24.5 04.9 44.7 24.1 03.0 41.5 19.5 57.0 34.1 10.8 47.1 22.9 58.4 33.5 08.2 42.5 16.5 50.1 23.4 56.3 29.0 01.3 33.3 05.1 36.5 07.7 38.7 09.3 39.8 10.0 39.9 09.7 39.2 08.5 37.7 06.6 35.4 04.0 32.4 00.7 28.8 56.8 24.7 52.4 20.1 47.6 15.0 42.3 09.6 36.7 03.8 30.8 57.8 24.7 51.6 18.4 45.2 12.0 38.8 05.5 27.7 01.0 34.2 07.4 40.6 13.7 46.8 19.9 52.9 25.8 58.7 31.5 04.2 36.8 09.3 41.7 14.0 46.2 18.2 50.1 21.9 53.5 25.0 56.2 27.4 58.3 29.0 59.6 29.9 16 00.0 17° d Z ′ + 30.9 + 30.7 + 30.6 + 30.3 + 30.1 ° 99.0 100.1 101.2 102.3 103.3 104.4 105.4 106.5 107.5 108.5 109.5 110.6 111.6 112.6 113.6 114.5 115.5 116.5 117.5 118.4 119.4 120.3 121.3 122.2 123.2 124.1 125.0 125.9 126.8 127.8 128.7 129.6 130.5 131.3 132.2 133.1 134.0 134.9 135.7 136.6 137.5 138.3 139.2 140.1 140.9 141.8 142.6 143.5 144.3 145.1 146.0 146.8 147.7 148.5 149.3 150.2 151.0 151.8 152.7 153.5 154.3 24.8 24.0 23.2 22.3 21.5 20.7 19.8 19.0 18.1 17.3 16.5 15.6 14.8 13.9 13.1 12.2 11.4 10.5 9.7 8.8 7.9 7.1 6.2 5.3 4.5 3.6 2.7 1.8 0.9 + 29.9 0.0 – 19.1 – 19.6 – 20.2 – 20.6 – 21.1 – 21.5 – 22.0 – 22.5 – 22.9 – 23.3 – 23.7 – 24.2 – 24.5 – 24.9 – 25.3 – 25.7 – 26.0 – 26.4 – 26.7 – 27.1 – 27.3 – 27.7 – 28.0 – 28.2 – 28.6 – 28.8 – 29.0 – 29.4 – 29.5 – 29.8 – 30.1 – 30.2 – 30.5 – 30.7 – 30.8 – 31.1 – 31.2 – 31.4 – 31.6 – 31.7 – 31.9 – 32.0 – 32.1 – 32.3 – 32.3 – 32.5 – 32.6 – 32.7 – 32.7 – 32.9 – 32.9 – 33.0 – 33.0 – 33.1 – 33.1 – 33.2 – 33.2 – 33.2 – 33.2 – 33.3 – 33.2 + 33.3 + 33.2 + 33.2 + 33.2 + 33.1 + 33.1 + 33.1 + 33.0 + 32.9 + 32.9 + 32.8 + 32.7 + 32.6 + 32.5 + 32.4 + 32.3 + 32.2 + 32.0 + 31.9 + 31.8 + 31.6 + 31.5 + 31.2 + 31.2 16° greater than 180° Zn=180°–Z { L.H.A L.H.A less than 180° Zn=180°+Z Hc ° 28 28 27 27 27 26 26 26 25 25 24 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 9 8 6 5 4 3 1 0 0 1 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 ′ 33.9 13.7 52.9 31.7 10.0 47.9 25.3 02.2 38.8 14.8 50.5 25.8 00.7 35.2 09.3 43.1 16.5 49.5 22.2 54.7 26.7 58.5 30.0 01.2 32.1 02.8 33.2 03.3 33.3 02.9 32.4 01.6 30.6 59.5 28.1 56.6 24.9 53.0 20.9 48.8 16.4 44.0 11.4 38.7 05.8 32.9 59.9 26.8 53.6 20.3 47.0 13.6 40.1 06.6 33.1 59.5 25.9 52.3 18.7 14.9 48.6 22.2 55.8 29.3 02.9 36.4 09.8 43.2 16.6 49.9 23.1 56.2 29.2 02.2 35.0 07.7 40.3 12.8 45.2 17.4 49.4 21.3 53.0 24.6 56.0 27.2 58.2 29.0 59.5 29.9 17 00.0 18° d Z ′ + 31.0 + 30.8 + 30.5 + 30.4 + 30.1 ° 99.6 100.7 101.7 102.8 103.8 104.9 105.9 106.9 108.0 109.0 110.0 111.0 112.0 113.0 113.9 114.9 115.9 116.9 117.8 118.8 119.7 120.7 121.6 122.5 123.4 124.4 125.3 126.2 127.1 128.0 128.9 129.8 130.7 131.5 132.4 133.3 134.2 135.0 135.9 136.7 137.6 138.5 139.3 140.2 141.0 141.8 142.7 143.5 144.4 145.2 146.0 146.9 147.7 148.5 149.4 150.2 151.0 151.9 152.7 26.5 25.7 24.8 24.0 23.2 22.3 21.5 20.7 19.8 19.0 18.2 17.3 16.5 15.7 14.8 14.0 13.1 12.3 11.4 10.6 9.7 8.8 8.0 7.1 6.2 5.4 4.5 3.6 2.7 1.8 0.9 + 29.9 0.0 – 20.2 – 20.8 – 21.2 – 21.7 – 22.1 – 22.6 – 23.1 – 23.4 – 24.0 – 24.3 – 24.7 – 25.1 – 25.5 – 25.9 – 26.2 – 26.6 – 27.0 – 27.3 – 27.5 – 28.0 – 28.2 – 28.5 – 28.8 – 29.1 – 29.3 – 29.6 – 29.9 – 30.0 – 30.4 – 30.5 – 30.8 – 31.0 – 31.1 – 31.4 – 31.5 – 31.7 – 31.9 – 32.1 – 32.1 – 32.4 – 32.4 – 32.6 – 32.7 – 32.9 – 32.9 – 33.0 – 33.1 – 33.2 – 33.3 – 33.3 – 33.4 – 33.5 – 33.5 – 33.5 – 33.6 – 33.6 – 33.6 – 33.6 – 33.6 + 33.7 + 33.6 + 33.6 + 33.5 + 33.6 + 33.5 + 33.4 + 33.4 + 33.4 + 33.3 + 33.2 + 33.1 + 33.0 + 33.0 + 32.8 + 32.7 + 32.6 + 32.5 + 32.4 + 32.2 + 32.0 + 31.9 + 31.7 + 31.6 + 31.4 + 31.2 17° Hc ° 28 28 27 27 26 26 26 25 25 24 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 8 7 6 5 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 5 6 7 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 ′ 23.6 02.3 40.5 18.2 55.5 32.3 08.6 44.5 20.0 55.1 29.8 04.1 38.0 11.6 44.8 17.6 50.1 22.2 54.1 25.6 56.9 27.8 58.5 28.8 59.0 28.8 58.4 27.8 57.0 25.9 54.6 23.2 51.5 19.6 47.6 15.4 43.0 10.5 37.8 05.0 32.1 59.0 25.8 52.6 19.2 45.7 12.1 38.5 04.8 31.0 57.2 23.3 49.4 15.4 41.5 07.5 33.4 00.6 34.6 08.6 42.6 16.6 50.6 24.5 58.4 32.2 06.0 39.7 13.3 46.9 20.3 53.7 27.0 00.2 33.2 06.2 39.0 11.6 44.1 16.5 48.7 20.7 52.6 24.3 55.7 27.0 58.1 28.9 59.5 29.9 18 00.0 19° d Z ′ + 31.1 + 30.8 + 30.6 + 30.4 + 30.1 ° 100.1 101.2 102.2 103.3 104.3 105.3 106.4 107.4 108.4 109.4 110.4 111.4 112.4 113.4 114.3 115.3 116.3 117.2 118.2 119.1 120.0 121.0 121.9 122.8 123.7 124.6 125.5 126.4 127.3 128.2 129.1 130.0 130.8 131.7 132.6 133.5 134.3 135.2 136.0 136.9 137.7 138.6 139.4 140.3 141.1 141.9 142.8 143.6 144.4 145.3 146.1 146.9 147.7 148.6 149.4 150.2 151.0 28.1 27.3 26.5 25.7 24.8 24.0 23.2 22.4 21.5 20.7 19.9 19.0 18.2 17.4 16.5 15.7 14.9 14.0 13.2 12.3 11.5 10.6 9.7 8.9 8.0 7.1 6.3 5.4 4.5 3.6 2.7 1.8 0.9 + 29.9 0.0 – 21.3 – 21.8 – 22.3 – 22.7 – 23.2 – 23.7 – 24.1 – 24.5 – 24.9 – 25.3 – 25.7 – 26.1 – 26.4 – 26.8 – 27.2 – 27.5 – 27.9 – 28.1 – 28.5 – 28.7 – 29.1 – 29.3 – 29.7 – 29.8 – 30.2 – 30.4 – 30.6 – 30.8 – 31.1 – 31.3 – 31.4 – 31.7 – 31.9 – 32.0 – 32.2 – 32.4 – 32.5 – 32.7 – 32.8 – 32.9 – 33.1 – 33.2 – 33.2 – 33.4 – 33.5 – 33.6 – 33.6 – 33.7 – 33.8 – 33.8 – 33.9 – 33.9 – 34.0 – 33.9 – 34.0 – 34.1 – 34.0 + 34.0 + 34.0 + 34.0 + 34.0 + 34.0 + 33.9 + 33.9 + 33.8 + 33.8 + 33.7 + 33.6 + 33.6 + 33.4 + 33.4 + 33.3 + 33.2 + 33.0 + 33.0 + 32.8 + 32.6 + 32.5 + 32.4 + 32.2 + 32.0 + 31.9 + 31.7 + 31.4 + 31.3 Hc ° 28 27 27 27 26 26 25 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 9 8 7 5 4 3 1 0 0 2 3 4 6 7 8 9 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 ′ 12.8 50.4 27.5 04.2 40.4 16.1 51.5 26.4 00.9 35.0 08.7 42.0 15.0 47.6 19.9 51.8 23.4 54.7 25.6 56.3 26.7 56.8 26.6 56.2 25.5 54.6 23.5 52.1 20.5 48.7 16.7 44.5 12.2 39.6 06.9 34.1 01.0 27.9 54.6 21.2 47.6 14.0 40.2 06.4 32.5 58.4 24.4 50.2 16.0 41.7 07.4 33.0 58.7 24.2 49.8 15.4 19.1 53.5 27.9 02.3 36.7 11.1 45.4 19.6 53.9 28.0 02.1 36.1 10.0 43.9 17.6 51.2 24.8 58.2 31.4 04.6 37.6 10.4 43.1 15.6 48.0 20.1 52.1 23.9 55.5 26.8 57.9 28.8 59.5 29.9 19 00.0 18° 20° d Z ′ + 31.1 + 30.9 + 30.7 + 30.4 + 30.1 ° 100.6 101.7 102.7 103.8 104.8 105.8 106.8 107.8 108.9 109.8 110.8 111.8 112.8 113.8 114.7 115.7 116.6 117.6 118.5 119.4 120.3 121.3 122.2 123.1 124.0 124.9 125.8 126.7 127.5 128.4 129.3 130.2 131.0 131.9 132.7 133.6 134.5 135.3 136.1 137.0 137.8 138.7 139.5 140.3 141.2 142.0 142.8 143.6 144.5 145.3 146.1 146.9 147.8 148.6 149.4 150.2 29.0 28.1 27.3 26.5 25.7 24.9 24.0 23.2 22.4 21.6 20.7 19.9 19.1 18.3 17.4 16.6 15.7 14.9 14.1 13.2 12.4 11.5 10.6 9.8 8.9 8.0 7.2 6.3 5.4 4.5 3.6 2.7 1.8 0.9 + 29.9 0.0 – 22.4 – 22.9 – 23.3 – 23.8 – 24.3 – 24.6 – 25.1 – 25.5 – 25.9 – 26.3 – 26.7 – 27.0 – 27.4 – 27.7 – 28.1 – 28.4 – 28.7 – 29.1 – 29.3 – 29.6 – 29.9 – 30.2 – 30.4 – 30.7 – 30.9 – 31.1 – 31.4 – 31.6 – 31.8 – 32.0 – 32.2 – 32.3 – 32.6 – 32.7 – 32.8 – 33.1 – 33.1 – 33.3 – 33.4 – 33.6 – 33.6 – 33.8 – 33.8 – 33.9 – 34.1 – 34.0 – 34.2 – 34.2 – 34.3 – 34.3 – 34.4 – 34.3 – 34.5 – 34.4 – 34.4 – 34.5 + 34.4 + 34.4 + 34.4 + 34.4 + 34.4 + 34.3 + 34.2 + 34.3 + 34.1 + 34.1 + 34.0 + 33.9 + 33.9 + 33.7 + 33.6 + 33.6 + 33.4 + 33.2 + 33.2 + 33.0 + 32.8 + 32.7 + 32.5 + 32.4 + 32.1 + 32.0 + 31.8 + 31.6 + 31.3 19° Hc ° 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 11 11 10 10 9 8 6 5 4 2 1 0 1 2 4 5 6 8 9 10 10 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 ′ 01.5 38.0 14.0 49.6 24.8 59.5 33.8 07.8 41.3 14.4 47.1 19.5 51.6 23.2 54.6 25.6 56.3 26.7 56.9 26.7 56.2 25.5 54.6 23.3 51.9 20.2 48.3 16.2 43.9 11.3 38.6 05.8 32.7 59.5 26.1 52.6 19.0 45.2 11.3 37.3 03.1 28.9 54.6 20.2 45.7 11.2 36.5 01.9 27.1 52.4 17.6 42.7 07.9 33.0 01.8 36.7 11.6 46.4 21.2 56.0 30.8 05.5 40.2 14.8 49.3 23.8 58.2 32.5 06.7 40.8 14.8 48.7 22.5 56.1 29.6 03.0 36.2 09.2 42.1 14.8 47.3 19.6 51.6 23.5 55.2 26.6 57.8 28.8 59.4 29.9 20 00.0 d ′ – 23.5 – 24.0 – 24.4 – 24.8 – 25.3 – 25.7 – 26.0 – 26.5 – 26.9 – 27.3 – 27.6 – 27.9 – 28.4 – 28.6 – 29.0 – 29.3 – 29.6 – 29.8 – 30.2 – 30.5 – 30.7 – 30.9 – 31.3 – 31.4 – 31.7 – 31.9 – 32.1 – 32.3 – 32.6 – 32.7 – 32.8 – 33.1 – 33.2 – 33.4 – 33.5 – 33.6 – 33.8 – 33.9 – 34.0 – 34.2 – 34.2 – 34.3 – 34.4 – 34.5 – 34.5 – 34.7 – 34.6 – 34.8 – 34.7 – 34.8 – 34.9 – 34.8 – 34.9 – 34.8 + 34.9 + 34.9 + 34.8 + 34.8 + 34.8 + 34.8 + 34.7 + 34.7 + 34.6 + 34.5 + 34.5 + 34.4 + 34.3 + 34.2 + 34.1 + 34.0 + 33.9 + 33.8 + 33.6 + 33.5 + 33.4 + 33.2 + 33.0 + 32.9 + 32.7 + 32.5 + 32.3 + 32.0 + 31.9 + 31.7 + 31.4 + 31.2 + 31.0 + 30.6 + 30.5 + 30.1 + 29.9 21° Z VII Hc d 22° Z ° ° ′ ′ ° 101.2 27 49.6 – 24.6 101.7 102.2 27 25.0 – 25.0 102.7 103.2 27 00.0 – 25.4 103.7 104.3 26 34.6 – 25.9 104.8 105.3 26 08.7 – 26.2 105.8 106.3 25 42.5 – 26.7 106.8 107.3 25 15.8 – 27.1 107.8 108.3 24 48.7 – 27.5 108.7 109.3 24 21.2 – 27.8 109.7 110.3 23 53.4 – 28.2 110.7 111.2 23 25.2 – 28.5 111.7 112.2 22 56.7 – 28.9 112.6 113.2 22 27.8 – 29.3 113.6 114.1 21 58.5 – 29.5 114.5 115.1 21 29.0 – 29.9 115.4 116.0 20 59.1 – 30.1 116.4 117.0 20 29.0 – 30.5 117.3 117.9 19 58.5 – 30.7 118.2 118.8 19 27.8 – 31.0 119.1 119.7 18 56.8 – 31.3 120.0 120.6 18 25.5 – 31.5 120.9 121.5 17 54.0 – 31.8 121.8 122.5 17 22.2 – 32.0 122.7 123.3 16 50.2 – 32.2 123.6 124.2 16 18.0 – 32.4 124.5 125.1 15 45.6 – 32.7 125.4 126.0 15 12.9 – 32.8 126.2 126.9 14 40.1 – 33.1 127.1 127.8 14 07.0 – 33.2 128.0 128.6 13 33.8 – 33.4 128.8 129.5 13 00.4 – 33.6 129.7 130.3 12 26.8 – 33.7 130.5 131.2 11 53.1 – 33.9 131.4 132.1 11 19.2 – 34.0 132.2 132.9 10 45.2 – 34.1 133.0 133.7 10 11.1 – 34.3 133.9 134.6 36.8 – 34.4 134.7 135.4 02.4 – 34.5 135.5 136.3 27.9 – 34.6 136.4 137.1 53.3 – 34.7 137.2 137.9 18.6 – 34.8 138.0 138.8 43.8 – 34.9 138.8 139.6 08.9 – 35.0 139.7 140.4 33.9 – 35.0 140.5 141.2 58.9 – 35.1 141.3 142.1 23.8 – 35.1 142.1 142.9 48.7 – 35.2 142.9 143.7 13.5 – 35.2 143.7 144.5 38.3 – 35.3 144.5 145.3 03.0 – 35.3 145.4 146.1 27.7 – 35.3 146.2 147.0 52.4 – 35.3 147.0 147.8 17.1 – 35.3 147.8 148.6 C-S Line 30.6 (Contrary-Same Line) 29.8 29.0 04.0 + 35.3 29.0 28.2 39.3 + 35.2 28.2 27.3 14.5 + 35.2 27.4 26.5 49.7 + 35.1 26.6 25.7 24.8 + 35.1 25.7 24.9 59.9 + 35.0 24.9 24.1 34.9 + 35.0 24.1 23.3 09.9 + 34.9 23.3 22.4 44.8 + 34.8 22.5 21.6 19.6 + 34.7 21.7 20.8 54.3 + 34.6 20.8 20.0 28.9 + 34.5 20.0 19.1 03.4 + 34.4 19.2 18.3 37.8 + 34.3 18.3 17.5 10 12.1 + 34.1 17.5 16.6 10 46.2 + 34.0 16.7 15.8 11 20.2 + 33.9 15.8 14.9 11 54.1 + 33.7 15.0 14.1 12 27.8 + 33.6 14.2 13.2 13 01.4 + 33.4 13.3 12.4 13 34.8 + 33.2 12.4 11.5 14 08.0 + 33.0 11.6 10.7 14 41.0 + 32.9 10.7 9.8 15 13.9 + 32.6 9.9 8.9 15 46.5 + 32.5 9.0 8.1 16 19.0 + 32.2 8.1 7.2 16 51.2 + 32.0 7.2 6.3 17 23.2 + 31.7 6.3 5.4 17 54.9 + 31.5 5.5 4.5 18 26.4 + 31.3 4.6 3.6 18 57.7 + 31.0 3.7 2.7 19 28.7 + 30.7 2.8 1.8 19 59.4 + 30.5 1.8 0.9 20 29.9 + 30.1 0.9 0.0 20° LATITUDE SAME NAME AS DECLINATION FIGURE L.H.A 60°, 300° 21 00.0 + 29.8 21° 0.0 Hc ° 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 8 7 5 4 3 1 0 1 2 4 5 7 8 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 ′ 37.1 11.6 45.5 19.1 52.2 24.9 57.3 29.2 00.8 32.0 02.9 33.4 03.6 33.5 03.0 32.3 01.3 30.0 58.5 26.6 54.6 22.2 49.7 16.9 43.9 10.8 37.4 03.8 30.1 56.1 22.0 47.8 13.4 38.9 04.2 29.4 54.5 19.5 44.4 09.2 33.9 58.6 23.1 47.6 12.1 36.5 00.8 25.1 49.4 13.7 37.9 02.1 33.6 09.4 45.1 20.8 56.5 32.2 07.8 43.4 18.9 54.3 29.7 05.0 40.2 15.3 50.3 25.3 00.1 34.7 09.3 43.7 17.9 52.0 26.0 59.8 33.4 06.8 40.0 13.0 45.8 18.4 50.7 22.8 54.6 26.2 57.6 28.6 59.4 29.8 22 00.0 d Z Dec ′ + 31.4 + 31.0 + 30.8 + 30.4 + 30.2 ° 102.2 103.2 104.2 105.2 106.2 107.2 108.2 109.2 110.1 111.1 112.1 113.0 113.9 114.9 115.8 116.7 117.6 118.5 119.4 120.3 121.2 122.1 123.0 123.9 124.7 125.6 126.4 127.3 128.2 129.0 129.8 130.7 131.5 132.4 133.2 134.0 134.8 135.7 136.5 137.3 138.1 138.9 139.7 140.5 141.3 142.2 143.0 143.8 144.6 145.4 146.2 147.0 32.2 31.4 30.6 29.8 29.0 28.2 27.4 26.6 25.8 25.0 24.2 23.3 22.5 21.7 20.9 20.1 19.2 18.4 17.6 16.7 15.9 15.1 14.2 13.4 12.5 11.6 10.8 9.9 9.0 8.2 7.3 6.4 5.5 4.6 3.7 2.8 1.9 0.9 ° 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 + 29.8 0.0 90 – 25.5 – 26.1 – 26.4 – 26.9 – 27.3 – 27.6 – 28.1 – 28.4 – 28.8 – 29.1 – 29.5 – 29.8 – 30.1 – 30.5 – 30.7 – 31.0 – 31.3 – 31.5 – 31.9 – 32.0 – 32.4 – 32.5 – 32.8 – 33.0 – 33.1 – 33.4 – 33.6 – 33.7 – 34.0 – 34.1 – 34.2 – 34.4 – 34.5 – 34.7 – 34.8 – 34.9 – 35.0 – 35.1 – 35.2 – 35.3 – 35.3 – 35.5 – 35.5 – 35.5 – 35.6 – 35.7 – 35.7 – 35.7 – 35.7 – 35.8 – 35.8 – 35.7 + 35.8 + 35.7 + 35.7 + 35.7 + 35.7 + 35.6 + 35.6 + 35.5 + 35.4 + 35.4 + 35.3 + 35.2 + 35.1 + 35.0 + 35.0 + 34.8 + 34.6 + 34.6 + 34.4 + 34.2 + 34.1 + 34.0 + 33.8 + 33.6 + 33.4 + 33.2 + 33.0 + 32.8 + 32.6 + 32.3 + 32.1 + 31.8 + 31.6 22° L.H.A 120°, 240°