I So sánh Gerund và Present participle:  Điểm chung: V-ing  Phân biệt: Chức Gerund Present participle Danh tư Động tư - Vị tri - Sau giới tư - Sau động tư theo sau V-ing Vi dụ : Touch your toes without bending your knees ! I avoid meeting him again They found a tree lying across the road Hearing a strange noise, she ran outside the house - Sau tân ngữ ( tân ngữ sau các động tư chỉ nhận thức, tri giác) Sau “ go” Đầu mệnh đề trạng ngữ và tinh tư rút gọn vế có cùng chủ ngữ  Gerund  Gerund  Present Participle  Present Participle II So sánh Perfect Gerund và Perfect Participle:  Điểm chung: having + V3/ Ved Phân biệt: Perfect Gerund Vị tri Perfect Participle - Sau giới tư - Sau tân ngữ - Sau động tư theo sau V-ing - Đầu mệnh đề Vi dụ : He denied having stolen her bag He was accused of having deserted his ship two months ago Having read the instruction, he snatched up the fire extinguisher They found someone having broken into their house last night  Perfect Gerund  Perfect Gerund  Perfect Participle  Perfect Participle III Cách sử dụng V-ing và Having+ V3/ Ved:  Unit 4/ English 11 muốn hướng dẫn cách dùng V-ing hay having + V3/ Ved rút gọn câu có mệnh đề và có cùng chủ tư  Nếu hành động ở mệnh đề xảy đồng thời hay được chia cùng thì với nhau, ta lược bỏ chủ tư ở mệnh đề rồi sau đó chia động tư mệnh đề đó ở dạng V-ing  Nếu hành động ở mệnh đề xảy theo thứ tự trước sau, ta lược bỏ chủ tư của mệnh đề có hành động xảy trước rồi sau đó chia động tư mệnh đề đó ở dạng Having + V3/ Ved  Cách nhận dạng trước thì: - Hiện tại hoàn thành trước Hiện tại đơn - Quá khứ hoàn thành trước Quá khứ đơn - Quá khứ đơn trước Hiện tại đơn So sánh vi dụ sau: When I saw the dog, I ran away  Seeing the dog, I ran away When I had seen the dog, I ran away  Having seen the dog, I ran away ( cùng là thì quá khứ ) ( quá khứ hoàn thành và quá khứ đơn ) I Chọn đáp án đúng: Having waited / waiting months for the fridgeto be deliveried, I decide to cancel / have canceled the order The government plans to bring / have brought in new laws He denied telling / having told her that story Before leaving / having left, she gave me a book I look forward to seeing / having seen you soon We are talking about having gone / going to HN next month I hate being kept waiting / having been kept waiting for her when we go out I hate being kept waiting / having been kept waiting for her when we went out last night II Viết lại các câu sau dùng participle phrase: I knew that he was poor I offered to pay his fare  We barricaded the windows We assembled in the hall  She became tired of my complaints about the program She turned it off  He found no one at home He left the house in a bad temper  He hoped to find the will She searched everywhere  The criminal removed all traces of his crime He left the building  He realized that he had missed the last train He began to work  He was exhausted by his work He threw himself on his bed  He had spent all his money He decided to go home and ask his father for a job  10 He escaped from prison He looked for a place where he could get food  11 She didn't want to hear the story again She had heard it all before  12 They found the money They began quarreling about how to divide it  13 She entered the room suddenly She found them smoking  14 I turned on the light I was astonished at what I saw  15 We visited the museum We decided to have lunch in the park  16 He offered to show us the way home He thought we were lost  17 He found his revolver He loaded it He sat down facing the door  18 She asked me to help her She realized that she couldn't move it alone  19 He fed the dog He sat down to his own dinner  20 He addressed the congregation He said he was sorry to see how few of them had been able to come  21 He thought he must have made a mistake somewhere He went through his calculations again  22 I have looked through the fashion magazines I realize that my clothes are hopelessly out of date  23 The tree had fallen across the road It had been uprooted by the gale  24 People were sleeping in the next room They were woken by the sound of breaking glass  25 I knew that the murderer was still at large I was extremely reluctant to open the door  26 He stole the sliver He looked for a place to hide it  27 We were soaked to the skin We eventually reached the station  28 I sat in the front row I used opera glasses I saw everything beautifully  29 One evening you will be sitting by the fire You will remember this day  30 I didn't like to sit down I knew that there were ants in the glass  31 After I have finished my homework, I went out  32 When Mary met me, she was very happy  33 Because we had no money, we stayed at home  34 I met him last month I always think of it  35 Although I had met him before, I couldn't realized him  III Choose the best participles forms (A - G) to fit into the sentences One of the forms is not needed A giving B not having been given C not giving D having been given E being given F having given G given The best part _ to another actor, Josh felt unwilling to continue his involvement in the show I've always treasured the watch _ to me on my eighteenth birthday The police officers stood at either end of the hallway, _ Ray no chance of escape _ our tickets to the attendant, we were ushered into the antechamber of the tomb We are dividing up the grant according to need, the largest amount _ to the homeless _ the mandatory month's notice by the landlord, the tenant was able to stay on in the house  ... laws He denied telling / having told her that story Before leaving / having left, she gave me a book I look forward to seeing / having seen you soon We are talking about having gone / going to HN... fit into the sentences One of the forms is not needed A giving B not having been given C not giving D having been given E being given F having given G given The best part _ to another actor,...III Cách sử dụng V-ing và Having+ V3/ Ved:  Unit 4/ English 11 muốn hướng dẫn cách dùng V-ing hay having + V3/ Ved rút gọn câu có mệnh đề và có cùng chủ