Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning 2nd Edition Chapter ERP and Electronic Commerce Chapter Objectives • Describe business-to-business e-commerce Mô tả TM-ĐT DN với DN • Explain why ERP is essential to the success of a company engaged in e-commerce Giải thích ERP cần thiết cho thành công công ty sử dụng TM-ĐT • Describe what an application service provider (ASP) does Mô tả áp dụng ASP • Describe how ERP is delivered to users by an ASP Mô tả ERP phân phát cho người tiêu dùng • Describe Web services and SAP’s NetWeaver Mô tả Web services and SAP’s NetWear • Describe the unique components of NetWeaver Mô tả thành phần độc đáo NetWeaver • Explain why accessing an ERP system through a Web browser is efficient Giải thích truy cập ERP chạy Web browser có hiệu • Define XML and its significance to ERP XML ý nghĩa ERP • Define RFID and its future role in logistics and sales RFID chức cò thống kê bán hàng Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition Introduction • • • • • • Competing effectively in high-volume e-commerce may not be possible without the infrastructure provided by ERP Việc cạnh tranh có hiệu TM-ĐT không thực sở hạ tầng ERP cung cấp Integrating ERP systems with the Internet is becoming easier with new technologies like Web services and XML Sự tích hợp hệ thống ERP với môi trường Internet trở nên dễ dàng với công nghệ Web services XML ERP systems are becoming more affordable as smaller companies “rent” ERP services HT ERP tạo điều kiện dễ dàng đến công ty nhỏ sử dụng ERP Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition Electronic Commerce Background • E-commerce is the conduct of business over the internet TM-ĐT việc mua bán Internet • Most business growth on the Internet has been business-tobusiness (B2B) e-commerce, rather than business-to-consumer (B2C) e-commerce Hầu hết DN phát triển Internet , TM-ĐT B2B có lợi B2C • B2B sales are expected to approach $1 Trillion in Europe by 2006 Năm 2006 Châu Âu, mua bán B2B mong đợi đạt khoảng ngàn tỉ USD • B2B e-commerce is transforming the way companies work with each other—especially for commodity products TM-ĐT B2B thay đổi cho công ty làm việc với hàng hóa sản phẩm đặc biệt Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) • Companies have been able to transfer purchase orders electronically since the 1960s through a system known as Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), originally using telephone lines Từ năm 1960,Các công ty thay đổi phương thức đặt hàng tự động thông qua hệ thống (EDI) • EDI networks are expensive, so many companies subscribe to value-added networks (VAN), an intermediary Internet-based network Những hệ thống mạng EDI đắt tiền, số công ty thông qua hệ thống cộng giá trị(VAN), liên kết với hệ thống mạng Internet • EDI messages are standardized business transactions that follow a specific computer protocol Những thông điệp EDI chuẩn hóa giao dịch KD qua biểu mẫu đặc biệt Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) • Benefits of EDI include: Lợi ích EDI bao gồm : • Costs of paper, printing, and postage have almost disappeared Không phí:giấy, in ấn, bưu phí • Errors are minimized as orders are not manually entered into the supplier’s information system Giảm sai xót việc lập đơn hàng HTTT nhà cung cấp Không dùng tay để nhập HTTT nhà cung cấp • Ordering is fast and efficient Sự đặt hàng nhanh chóng hiệu • Large companies may require suppliers to use EDI, and may pay EDI costs for small suppliers Các công ty lớn yêu cầu nhà cung cấp sử dụng mạng EDI, trả phí EDI cho nhà cung cấp nhỏ • EDI tends to lock buyers and suppliers into a long-term relationship EDI có khuynh hướng tạo mối liên hệ lâu dài ,người mua nhà cung cấp • An advantage as long as both parties remain satisfied Lơi ích luôn làm cho bên người mua người bán hài lòng Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition Internet-Based Procurement • Internet-based procurement: Sự cung cấp qua mạng • Is less expensive than private EDI networks Ít tốn mạng cung cấp tư EDI • Reduces purchasing costs further as suppliers compete for orders on the buyer’s Web site Giảm chi phí mua hàng nhà cung cấp cạnh tranh đơn đặt hàng người mua website • Locking in suppliers often does not occur in Internet-based procurement Qua mạng thầu cung cấp Internet, người cung cấp nhỏ thường không trúng thầu • Internet-based procurement has led to electronic marketplaces Cách cung ứng qua internet dẫn đến thị trường thương mại điện tử • Marketplaces provide advantages for both buyers and sellers Những thị trường cung cấp lợi cho người mua người bán • Exchanges are B2B marketplaces that typically focus on a single industry Mậu dịch thị thường B2B tập trung điển hình vào công nghiệp đơn lẻ Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition • ChemConnect.com Hãy vào ChemConnect.com Buyers and sellers of chemical products can use the ChemConnect marketplace Những người mua người bán sản phẩm hóa học vào thị trường ChemConnect • Buyers can find the best prices without traditional negotiations Những người mua tìm giá tốt mà không cần thương lượng kiểu truyền thống • Contracts are completed faster between buyers and sellers Những hợp đồng hoàn tất nhanh chóng người mua người bán • Buyers and sellers can gain access to new worldwide markets and trading partners Người mua người bán truy cập vào mạng thị trường toàn cầu đối tác thương mại • Instant market information is available to all partie Các bên điều có thông tin thị trường Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition Private Exchanges Mậu dịch tư nhân • Companies like Siemens, Volkswagen and IBM have set up private exchanges Volkswagen and IBM Những công ty Siemens, Volkswagen thành lập mậu dịch riêng • Membership is restricted to select participants Thành viên giới hạn người tham gia tuyển chọn • Volkswagen has slashed procurement costs in half and cut negotiations from three months to a day Volkswagen cắt giảm ½ phí cung ứng giảm thời gian thương lượng từ tháng ngày • Jupiter Research estimates that one-third of all businesses with revenues over $1 billion will operate private exchange Viện nghiên cứu Jupiter đánh giá 1/3 DN có lợi nhuậ tỉ điều hành mậu dịch tư Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition Internet Auctions and Reverse Auctions Đấu giá Internet • Companies can use standard auctions to sell products or obsolete equipment • • • Những cty sử dụng cách đấu giá chuẩn để bán SP lỗi thời Reverse auctions, with one buyer and many sellers, can be used to purchase commodity products that are widely available at recognized quality standard Với người mua & nhiều người bán , cách đấu giá ngược áp dụng mua sắm SP hàng hóa phổ biến có sẳn công nhận có chất lượng chuẩn • Internet auctions are challenging the role previously filled by traditional intermediaries • Sự đấu giá Internet thử thách vai trò mà trước người trung gian làm theo cách cổ truyền • Epsilon Products has used ChemConnect to reduce raw material costs by 5% • Sản phẩm Epsilon sử dụng ChemConnect để giảm phí 5% phí NVL • Increased competition from marketplaces creates a new emphasis on supply chain flexibility and costs • Tăng cạnh tranh từ thị trường tạo nên mạnh dây truyền đa dạng cung cấp chi phí Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 10 NetWeaver • • • • • • • • Web Services is the combination of software tools that lets various programs within an organization communicate with other applications Web Services kết hợp công cụ phần mềm để chương trình khác chạy tổ chức,giao tiếp với quan khác NetWeaver is SAP’s Web services platform NetWeaver diễn đàn ASP’s Web Service FedEx built its package tracking system on Web services FedEX xây dựng trọn gói hệ thống theo dõi HT Web Service • FedEx’s cost per inquiry has been reduced from $2.14 to $0.04 • Chi phí FedEX cho yêu cầu giảm từ 2.14USD 0.04 USD Travelers Insurance Company has cut its auto glass claim processing costs by 30 percent using Web services Cty bảo hiểm du lịch giảm CP khiếu nại khoảng 30% cách dùng dịch vụ Web Service Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 21 NetWeaver • NetWeaver is a collection of components that supports business processes over the Internet • Là sưu tập thành phần hỗ trợ xử lý DN Internet • Modules include: • Bao gồm Modules • • • • • Enterprise Portal Mobile Infrastructure Business Intelligence Master Data Management Exchange Infrastructure Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 22 NetWeaver • Enterprise Portal (mySAP.com) • Gives users complete access (a portal) to all work on a single screen • A portal is a customizable Web site that links to: • Internet • e-mail • Calendar • SAP R/3 system • Other systems • Users can access all required information with a single sign-on • Provides drag-and-relate capabilities Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 23 NetWeaver • Mobile Infrastructure • Allows users to access and work with data through: • PDAs • Cell phones • Pagers • Provides access to data within SAP and other company information systems • A partnership between SAP and VoiceObjects AG will add voice capability to NetWeaver Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 24 NetWeaver • Business Intelligence (BI) • BI incorporates data warehouse and data mining tools • BI can be delivered in a personalized manner with Enterprise Portal • Can integrate information from various sources within and outside the firm • BI works with any database management software and any operating system Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 25 NetWeaver • Master Data Management • Provides data consistency within a company’s SAP system • The grocery industry could save $25 to $50 billion if suppliers could synchronize their data, such as product numbers, with retail outlets • Exchange Infrastructure • Allows different applications to share data without writing code Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 26 Accessing ERP over the Internet • ERP vendors offer access to their systems over the Internet using a Web browser • Easier to administer than special-purpose GUI software • Software upgrades are easier to administer, as only server (and not end-user) software needs to be upgraded Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 27 XML • Extensible Markup Language (XML) is the new programming language of the Internet • XML uses tags to define the data contained in Web pages • XML tags give specific meaning to data • HTML only specifies how information will look on a Web page • XML-coded data can go directly from a Web page to a database without the need for middleware • ERP systems are now ready to accept data in XML format Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 28 Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 29 Another Look—XML, ERP and E-commerce • OxyChem realized tremendous customer service benefits when it linked its SAP system with a customer’s SAP system • This experience caused OxyChem to embark on a mission to link its SAP system with the information systems of its 5,000 customers • OxyChem has developed four linking strategies: • • • • XML-based ERP to ERP Physical probes in customer’s raw material containers ChemConnect Web site OxyChem’s own Web portal Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 30 Radio Frequency Identification • Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology is becoming an efficient way of tracking items in the supply chain • An RFID device is a small package, or tag, with a microprocessor and antenna • Information from the RFID tag is transmitted via radio waves to a receiver when interrogated by an RFID reader • Does not require line-of-site contact like a bar code reader Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 31 Radio Frequency Identification • Wal-Mart is driving the implementation of RFID with its suppliers • Wal-Mart will connect RFID data with its Retail Link system, where buyers and suppliers can check inventory levels, sales and more • Proctor & Gamble is using RFID technology to improve demand management in its supply chain to avoid the bullwhip effect • SAP’s R/3 software is RFID ready • With NetWeaver, SAP can link RFID with both SAP and non-SAP systems Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 32 Summary • • • E-commerce is transforming the way companies business Business-to-consumer e-commerce can streamline a company’s ordering operations and record information about customers that can be used to plan marketing campaigns, making the company more competitive Business-to-business e-commerce is changing the way companies buy and sell goods New forms of procurement such as auctions, reverse auctions, and trading exchanges— all with dynamic pricing—are replacing the traditional intermediary ERP is an essential component for all forms of e-commerce An integrated information system is required to provide speed and consistency in transaction processing and other back-office operations Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 33 Summary • Application service providers (ASPs) are allowing companies to use ERP without a large initial investment, making ERP systems available to smaller companies There are risks associated with using an ASP, however, and the decision to buy or lease must be weighed carefully • Web Services, a combination of software tools that lets various programs within an organization communicate with other applications, are gaining popularity • SAP's Web services platform is NetWeaver, which includes those tools for seamless Web connectivity, and also modules such as Business Intelligence, Mobile Infrastructure and Master Data Management Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 34 Summary • Users of ERP systems often access those systems through a Web browser rather than the ERP systems' graphical user interface (GUI) • XML, extensible markup language, defines data on a Web page ERP systems are using XML to integrate systems between suppliers and customers for easy data transfer • RFID devices, or radio frequency identification devices, are used in tracking items in transit RFIDs are particularly useful in supply chain processes for shipping and receiving cases and pallets of items ERP vendors are developing the capability to incorporate RFID technology into ERP software Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 35 [...]... biệt Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 18 Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 19 Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 20 NetWeaver • • • • • • • • Web Services is the combination of software tools that lets various programs within an organization communicate with other applications Web Services là sự kết hợp các công cụ phần mềm để các chương. .. systems Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 32 Summary • • • E -commerce is transforming the way companies do business Business-to-consumer e -commerce can streamline a company’s ordering operations and record information about customers that can be used to plan marketing campaigns, making the company more competitive Business-to-business e -commerce is changing the way companies buy and. .. to data • HTML only specifies how information will look on a Web page • XML-coded data can go directly from a Web page to a database without the need for middleware • ERP systems are now ready to accept data in XML format Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 28 Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 29 Another Look—XML, ERP and E -commerce • OxyChem realized tremendous... BI incorporates data warehouse and data mining tools • BI can be delivered in a personalized manner with Enterprise Portal • Can integrate information from various sources within and outside the firm • BI works with any database management software and any operating system Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 25 NetWeaver • Master Data Management • Provides data consistency within... Service Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 21 NetWeaver • NetWeaver is a collection of components that supports business processes over the Internet • Là 1 sưu tập những thành phần hỗ trợ xử lý DN trên Internet • Modules include: • Bao gồm những Modules • • • • • Enterprise Portal Mobile Infrastructure Business Intelligence Master Data Management Exchange Infrastructure Concepts in Enterprise. .. on-going effort An toàn mạng là 1 nổ lực đang tiến hành xuyên suốt Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 11 • • E -commerce and ERP TM-ĐT & ERP E -commerce and ERP technologies are complements Kỹ thuật điện tử và ERP thì nó hổ trợ lẫn nhau • If the competition is using the Internet effectively, then a company needs to develop an Internet strategy • Nếu Sự cạnh tranh đang sử dụng mạng Internet... procurement such as auctions, reverse auctions, and trading exchanges— all with dynamic pricing—are replacing the traditional intermediary ERP is an essential component for all forms of e -commerce An integrated information system is required to provide speed and consistency in transaction processing and other back-office operations Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 33 Summary • Application... ERP systems are using XML to integrate systems between suppliers and customers for easy data transfer • RFID devices, or radio frequency identification devices, are used in tracking items in transit RFIDs are particularly useful in supply chain processes for shipping and receiving cases and pallets of items ERP vendors are developing the capability to incorporate RFID technology into ERP software Concepts. .. Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 23 NetWeaver • Mobile Infrastructure • Allows users to access and work with data through: • PDAs • Cell phones • Pagers • Provides access to data within SAP and other company information systems • A partnership between SAP and VoiceObjects AG will add voice capability to NetWeaver Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 24 NetWeaver • Business Intelligence... NetWeaver, which includes those tools for seamless Web connectivity, and also modules such as Business Intelligence, Mobile Infrastructure and Master Data Management Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 34 Summary • Users of ERP systems often access those systems through a Web browser rather than the ERP systems' graphical user interface (GUI) • XML, extensible markup language, defines data ... nhiệm vụ đặc biệt Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 18 Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 19 Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition... dụng ERP Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition Electronic Commerce Background • E -commerce is the conduct of business over the internet TM-ĐT việc mua bán Internet • Most business... non-SAP systems Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning, Second Edition 32 Summary • • • E -commerce is transforming the way companies business Business-to-consumer e -commerce can streamline a company’s