Current Topics in Membranes and Transport Vdllllls Advisory Board Robert W Berliner Britton Chance I S Edelman Aharon Katchalsky (deceased) Adam Kepes Richard D Keynes Philip Siekevitz Torsten Teorell Daniel C Tosteson Hans H Ussing Contributors Richard P Durbin Mahendra Kumar Jain Howard E Morgan Carolyn W Slayman Carol F Whitjeld Current Topics in Membranes and Transport VOLUME Edited by Felix Bronner Department of Oral Biology University of Connecticut Health Center Farmington, Connecticut and Arnost Kleinzeller Graduate Division of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 1973 Academic Press New York and London A Subsidiary of Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers COPYRIGHT 1973, BY ACADEMIC PRESS, INC ALL RIGHTS RESERVED NO PART OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRODUCED OR TRANSMllTED IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY MEANS, ELECTRONIC OR MECHANICAL, INCLUDING PHOTOCOPY, RECORDING, OR ANY INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEM, WITHOUT PERMISSION IN WRITING FROM THE PUBLISHER ACADEMIC PRESS, INC 111 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10003 United Kingdom Edition published by ACADEMIC PRESS, INC (LONDON) LTD 24/28 Oval Road, London NWI LIBRARYOF CONGRESS CATALOQ CARD NUMBER: PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 70-117091 List of Contributors, vii Preface, ix Contents of Previous Volumes, xi Aharon Katzir-Katchalsky, 1913-1972, xiii Bibliography of the Principal Publications of Aharon Katzir-Katchalsky on Membrane Phenomena, xix The Genetic Control of Membrane Transplant CAROLYN W SLAYMAN I Introduction, 11 Isolation of Transport Mutants, 111 Criteria for Identifying Genes That Affect Transport Directly, 136 IV Linkage Relationships of Transport Mutants, 140 V Dominance and Recessiveness, 146 VI Regulation of Transport Systems, 150 VII Usefulness of Mutants in Understanding Transport Mechanisms, 151 VIII Conclusion, 155 References, 155 Enzymic Hydrolysis of Various Components in Biomembranes and Related Systems MAHENDRA KUMAR JAIN I Introduction, 176 11 Action of Hydrolytic Enzymes on Model Systems, 184 111 Effect of Enzymic Hydrolysis on System Properties of Biomembranes, 191 IV Effect of Enzymic Hydrolysis on Transport Systems, 217 V Catabolism of Membrane Components by Endogenous Enzymes or Intracellular Catabolism, 233 VI Conclusions and Epilog, 236 References, 238 Regulation of Sugar Transport in Eukaryotic Cells HOWARD E MORGAN AND CAROL F WHITFIELD I Kinetic Characterization of Passive Transport, 256 11 Nonhormonal Regulation of Sugar Transport, 261 111 Hormonal Control of Sugar Transport, 274 IV Mechanisms of the Regulation of Transport, 287 V Summary, 296 References, 297 V CONTENTS Vi Secretory Events in Gastric Mucosa RICHARD P DURBIN I Introduction, 305 11 Comparative Aspects, 305 111 Structural Aspects, 307 IV Coupling of Secretion to Metabolism, 313 V Conclusion, 319 References, 319 Author Index, 323 Subject Index, 340 List of Contributors Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, California Mahendra Kumar Join, Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana* Howard E Morgan, Department of Physiology, The Milton S Hershey Medical Center, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania Carolyn w Slayman, Departments of Human Genetics, Microbiology, and Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut Carol F Whitfleld, Department of Physiology, The Milton S Hershey Medical Center, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania Richard P Durbin, * Present address: Department of Chemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware vii This Page Intentionally Left Blank The fourth volume of Current Topics in Membranes and Transport extends the analysis of significant transport processes and structures Carolyn Slayman presents a comprehensive summary of the genetics of transport, Jain reviews some aspects of the bilayer nature of the biological membrane, Morgan and Whitfield deal with sugar transport and its control in eukaryotes, and Durbin reviews some problems of gastric ion secretion The editors hope that all interested in biological transport will find these reviews rewarding and provocative Last year we dedicated the volume to the memory of Aharon KatairKatchalsky Caplan’s thoughful appreciation in this volume reminds us of the breadth of Aharon’s work and of the human qualities that went into it We hope this series will continue to reflect the scientific ideal of Aharon Katdr-Katchalsky, namely a passionate belief in the dispassionate search for scientific truth FELIX BRONNER ARNOST KLEINZELLER lx 338 AUTHOR INDEX Mosher, K M., 282, 283, 301 Mosinger, B., 290, 300 Motais, R., 306, 321 Motulsky, A G., 103, 165, 163 Moulton, R H., 99, 172 Mousset, M., 38, 39, 130, 147, 151, 161 Moyle, J., 306, 317, 321 Mueller, P S., 127, 169 Mtiller-Hill, B S., 55, 131, 147, 149, 161, 167 Muhlethaler, K., 211, 848 Mulleck, V., 267, 274, 299 Muller, E., 194, 239 Muller, L., 180, 248 Mullis, K B., 96, 167 Munck, A,, 282, 283, 300, 301 Munoz, E., 214, 215, 248 Murakami, W T., 196, 244 Muraoka, S., 315, 321 Murphy, J T., 86, 87, 147, 167 Mutolo, V., 194, 195, 242 N Neufeld, E F., 197, 235, 243, 248 Neuhaus, F C., 3, 12, 13, 26, 27, 130, 168, 172 Neujahr, H Y., 194,214,239, 248 Neumann, E., xxif Neumann, J., 306, 821 Neutra, M., 191, 249 Neville, I) M., 277, 299, 300 Neville, M M., 72, 167 Newsholme, E A., 271, 272, 280, 802 Newton, A., 119, 172 Newton, N A., 92, 93, 158 Nezamis, E., 267, 300 Ng, M H., 214, 248 Nichoalds, G E., 14, 167, 168 Nicholls, D G., 221, 246 Nickel, A., 312, 319 Nickel, K S., 213, 246 Niemi, M., 235, 261 Nigon, K., 315, 319 Nils-Erik, L S., 206, 220, 222, 223, 848 Nomura, M., 117, 167 Normark, S., 115, 16Y Norrell, S A., 84, 171 Northrop, J H., 207, 248 Nose, Y., 84, 85, 86, 163, 164, 166 Novotny, C P., 53, 140, 167 Nachbar, M S., 215, 248 Nachmansohn, D., 218, 240 Naftalin, R J., 259, 260, 301 Nagaeva, L I., 193, 241 Nakel, M T., 226, 243 Nagel de Zwaig, R., 117, 167 Nahaa, G G., 288,300 O’Brien, D., 47, 51, 147, 161 Nakamura, A., 215, 246 O’Brien, I G., 92, 93, 168, 167 Nakamura, H., 115, 167, 213, 240 O’Brien, R D., 220, 242 Nakane, P K., 14, 167 O’Callaghan, J., 307, 321 Nakazawa, T., 72, 167 Oda, T., 210, 248 Nanni, G., 202, 205, 208, ,841, 248 Obrink, K J., 310, 311, 320 Nanninga, N., 202, 248 pye, I., 281, 302 Narahara, H T., 229, 231, 263, 268, 275, Offermeier, J., 219, 248 276, 277, 278, 280, 289, 299, 301, 308, Ogata, Y., 200, 253 303 Ohnishi, K., 214, 248 Narahashi, T., 217, 248 Ohnishi, T., 226, 227, 248 Neale, S., 16, 17, 131, 172 Ohta, N., 107, 109, 131, 154,167 Neely, J R., 268, 269, 270, 271, 272, 273, Oka, T., 277, 302 279,301 Okayama, S., 223, 248 Neilands, J B., 92, 93, 96, 131, lse, 167, Okunuki, K., 250 168 Oldigs, H D., 205, 263 Nelson, D L., 90, 91, 131, 167 Olivecrona, T., 180, 242 Nelson, P G., 248 Omura, T., 235, 246 Ness, H., 183, 184, 248 Oncley, J L., 197, 198, 199, 843 Neu, H C., 50, 167 Ong, S., 289, 300 339 AUTHOR INDEX Onishi, H., 192, 246 Ono, Y., 181, 248 Onodera, K., 117, 167, 167, 169 Op Den Kamp, J A F., 202,248 Opie, L H., 271, 302 Oppenheimer, S B., 195, 248 Orme-Johnson, N., 221, 222, 239 Ornston, L N., 87, 167 Ornston, M K., 87, 167 Orr, C W., 195, 248 Orsi, B A., 111, 134, 163, 171 Oshorn, M J., 56, 167 Oski, F A., 286, 302 Oster, G., xxi, xxii Otsuji, N., 117, 167 Ottaway, J H., 286, 302 Ottolenghi, A C., 202, 206, 240, 248 Ovchinnikov, Y A., 219, 247 Overath, P., 121, 123, 137, 167, 170 Overell, G B., 282, 302 Overholt, B F., 310, 319 Overland, E S., 103, 163 Owen, E E., 2, 42, 43, 166 Oxender, D L., 3, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 119, 130, 135, 167, 168,259, 301 Oyaert, W., 47, 163 Oyanagi, K., 45, 167 Ozand, P., 275, 276, 301 P Pacifico, A D., 307, 316, 321 Pala, V., 202, 205, 241 Palade, G E., 204, 208, 226, 227, 235, 243, 246,247 Pall, M L., 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 135, 150, 151, 167, 168 Pandit-Hovenkamp, H G., 221, 242 Panko, E., 202,203, 204,205,261 Papa, S., 317, 321 Papineau, D., 94, 95, 134, 161 Pardee, A B., 52, 54, 57, 87, 106, 107, 109, 123, 131, 154, 169, 166, 166, 167, 168, 173,201,243 Pardoe, G I., 197, 862 Park, C R., 262, 263, 268, 269, 274, 275, 276, 277, 279, 284, 285, 286, 293, 298, 299, 300, 301, 302 Park, H., 315, 319 Park, S S., 53, 117, 167 Parker, J C., 292, 302 Parks, L W., 41, 127, 171, 172 Parmelee, M L., 99, 101,166,200,246 Parpart, A K., 205, 206, 239 Parrish, J E., 288, 290, 309 Parsa, B., 221, 239 Parson, J W., 110, 166 Parsons, D F., 221, 248 Passow, H., 218, 248 Pastan, I., 65, 169,168, 181, 199, 213, 231, 232, 243, 247, 248 Paszewski, A., 75, 160 Patriarca, P., 221, 248 Patterson, J H., 76, 77, 160 Patterson, N K., 208, 248 Patterson, S W., 279, 302 Patzer, P., 205, 263 Pavlasova, E., 94, 95, 153, 182, 168 Payne, J W., 16, 17, 131, 168 Paysant, M., 262 Pease, D C., 191, 249 Penberthy, W K., 65,70,71,72, 162,167 Pendyala, L., 31, 172 Penrose, W R., 14, 168 Perdue, J .R., 221, 222, 239, 244 Perelson, A., xxi Perheentupa, J., 45, 113, 164, 168 Perkins, D D., 28, 125, 168, 168 Perlman, R L., 65, 169, 168 Perry, J W., 54, 166 Pethica, B A., 198, 289 Petrow, V., 282, SO2 Petrushka, E., 220, 249 Phelps, C E., 79, 173 Phillips, D R., 208, 249 Pickering, W R., 82, 83, 131, 168 Pilwat, G., 91, 168, 174 Pimstein, R., 43, 130, 162 Piperno, J R., 12, 14, 168 Pittard, J., 87, 168 Pizer, L I., 121, 164 Plagemann, P G W., 282, 283, 302 Podelski, T R., 220,241 Pogell, B M., 58, 168, 211, 262 Pohl, S L., 232, 233, 240, 249 Pokerny, V., 222, 242 Pollack, J R., 92, 93, 96, 131, 166, 167, 168 Polonovski, J., 262 Pontrernoli, S., 211, 249 340 AUTHOR INDEX Ponz de Posadas, G., 193, 2566 Poole, A R., 202, 235, 249 Popenoe, E A,, 277, 299 POPOV, A G., 216,240 Posch, E., 211, 250 Possati, L., 199, 239 Possehel, E A., 213, 245 Post, R L., 226, 227, 228, 244, 263, 274, 275, 276, 302 Poste, G., 193, 195, 249 Postema, N M., 188, 246 Posternak, T., 290, 299 Poulter, J., 216, 241 Poulter, J L., 312, 520 Pousada, M., 181, 250 Power, J., 53, 140, 160 Pressman, B C., 306, 321 Prestidge, L S., 54, 57, 106, 107, 131, 154, 168 Price, H D., 56, 15Y Proverbio, F., 227, 246 Pucell, A G., 224, 247 Purkiss, P., 43, 168 Quagliariello, E., 317, 321 Quarles, R H., 180, 186, 249 Quastel, J H., 220, 249 Quinn, P J., 189, 246 R Raanan-Ashkenazi, O., 63, 169 Rachmeler, M., 35, 169 Racker, E., 208, 221, 222, 223, 239, 240, 249,252 Radford, A., 145, 168 Radojkovic, J., 56, 169 Rahat, M., 43, 130, 162 Rahmanian, M., 15, 130, 168 Rajagopalan, G T., 211, 24s Rakhimov, M M., 249 Ram, D., 260, SO0 Ramakrishnan, T., 15, 128, 168 Rambourg, A., 191, 192, 208, 249 Randle, P J., 262, 271, 272, 275, 280, 282, 285, 286, 288, 289, 301, 302 Rapport, M M., 181, 185, 186, 187, 189, 202, 203, 219, 240, 241, 244,647, 251 Rasmusen, B A., 99, 101, 166,168 Rasmussen, H., 277, 293, 298 Ray, P K., 193, 200, 249, 251 Ray, T K., 121, 168, 233, 262, 312, 320 Rayman, M K., 4, 5, 165 Read, C P., 29, 31, 136, 1Y3 Reasor, H S., 206, 642 Rechcigl, M., Jr., 183, 235, 249 Reed, M L., 306, 320 Reeves, R E., 67, 164 Regen, 13 M., 257, 260, 262, 263, 274, 275, 276, 277, 284,299, 301, SO2 Rehm, W S., 305, 307,308, 309, 310, 314, 316, 318, 319, 320, 321 Rehn, K., 121, 162, 192, 240 Reid, E., 284, 298 Reid, K G., 24, 25, 132, 168, 172 Reitz, R H., 3, 26, 27, 30, 168 Remold, H G., 249 Rendina, G., 213, 249 Renner, E D., 282, 283, 302 Renold, A E., 264, 274,275,276, 282, 290, 291, 298, 299, 300 Resnick, M A., 127, 168 Resnick, M R., 127, 164, 1YS Rethy, A., 213, 249 Ricard, M., 119, 168 Rice, K L., 267, SO0 Rich, R., 207, 263 Richey, 1).P., 61, 65, 157 Rickenberg, H V., 2, 52, 168, 168 Rideal, E K., 185, 258 Rieser, C H., 231, 249 Rieser, P., 229, 231, 249 Rinaldini, L M J., 191, 249 Ringler, R L., 213, 248, 249 Rios, A., 200, 261 Ritchie, J M., 315, 316, 520 Roberts, K R., 108, 109, 150, 168 Robertson, R T., 219, 264 Robinson, S L., 248 Robison, G A., 232, 249 Robson, E B., 43, 162, 168 Robson, R M., 215, 244 Rocca, E., 213, 240 Rodbell, M., 229, 231, 232, 233, 240, 249, 277, 278, 290, 291, 298, 302 Rodriguez-Estrada, C., 315, 321 Roelcke, D,, 200, 242 Roelofsen, B., 181, 202, 203, 205, 216, ,241, 249, 250, 254 341 AUTHOR INDEX Rorsch, A., 115, 172 Roess, W B., 30, 31, 130, 168 Rogers, D., 66, 168 Rojas, E., 218, 260 Rolfe, B., 117, 167, 167, 169 Romano, A H., 74,75,167,166 Romashina, L V., 222, 247 Romhanyi, G., 208, 260 Ronen, A., 63, 169 Root, A., 286, 302 Rose, G A., 2, 42, 43, 169, 168 Rose, S P., 121, 123, 137, 173 Roseman, S., 3, 63, 64, 65, 68, 69, 70, 72, 138, 166, 168, 164, 166, 167, 169, 171, 181, 195, 196, 248,260 Rosen, B P., 8, 9, 130, 169 Rosen, F., 282, 283, 284, 302 Rosen, J M., 281, 282, 283, 284, 302 Rosen, M., 206, 242 Rosenberg, A., 183, 247 Rosenberg, H 92, 93, 104, 105, 108, 109, 131, 134, 147, 168, 166, 169 Rosenberg, L E., 2, 3, 42, 43, 45, 46, 47, 49, 51, 76, 77, 79, 112, 113, 126, 127, 133, 137, 147, 149, 150, 151, 152, 167, 160, 161, 162, 169, 170, 171 Rosenberg, P., 217,218,240, 84l,247,260 Rosenberg, T., 256, 302 Rosenbloom, A., 113, 169 Rosenblum, E D., 166 Rosenthal, A F., 180, 181, 260 Rosenthal, J W., 229, 260, 278, 302 Rosenthal, S L., 277, 299 Rossi, C S., 221, 240 Rossi, F., 221, 248 Roth, I., 231, 248 Roth, J., 277, 299, 300 Roth, J R., 18, 19, 130, 147, 166 Roth, S.,196, 206, 260 Rothstein, A., 74, 172 Rotman, B., 56, 57, 58, 59, 101, 160, 169 Rowley, P T., 127, 169 Roy, A C., 206, 260 Rubenchik, A L., 193, 2.41 Rubin, H., 196, 198, 260 Ruby, A., 103, 163 Ruch, F., 121, 170 Ruch, G A., 220, 260 Rudenburg, F H., 198, 260 Ruderman, N B., 272, 273, 300, 302 Ruesink, A W., 193, 260 Ruigrok, T J C., 220, 263 Rumley, M K., 153, 169 Russell, R R B., 13, 169 Russell, W S., 99, 169 Rutledge, J R., 318, 319 Ruysschaert, J M., 185, 186, 248 Ruzicka, F J., 213, 222, 239 Ryan, M T., 180, 260 Ryter, A., 121, 162 S Sabban, E., 205, 246 Saburova, A M., 234,247 Sachs, G., 305, 313, 316, 317, 318, 321 Sachs, J R., 99, 101, 169 Sachs, L., 196, 239, 246 Sacks, J., 267, 302 Sacks, M; S., 89, 133, 171 Sackton, B., 202, 2.44 Saha, J., 280, 302 Saier, M H., Jr., 63, 65, 69, 169 St Amand, G S., 193, 260 St Lawrence, P., 35, 169 Sakamoto, T., 228, 262 Sakamoto, Y., 228, 262 Sakmann, B., 192, 239 Salach, J I., 179, 260 Saltman, P., 309, 316, 320 Salton, M R J., 191, 214, 215, 248, 260 Samorajski, T., 226, 261 Sanchez, S., 28, 31, 169 Sanders, H., 179, 180, 190, 246 Sanders, S S., 307, 308, 309, 320, 321 Sanderson, K E., 71, 107, 109, 141, 169 Sandine, W E., 70, 71, 166 Sandow, A,, 268,302 Sanford, B H., 193, 202, 219, 241, 260 Sanno, Y., 60,169 SanPietro, A., 223, 246 Sanwal, B D., 4, 5, 166 Sapico, V., 71, 169 Saris, N.-E L., 206, 223, 260 Sarkar, N K., 205, 220, 260 Sarvas, M O., 57, 132, 167 Sato, R., 211, 214, 246 Sato, T., 117, 171 Saunders, L., 188, 189, 239,260 Sawh, P C , 288, 289, 297 342 AUTHOR INDEX Sawyer, T K., 284, 301 S a x h , L., 45, 164 Scaletti, J V., 198, 247 Scarborough, G A., 70, 72, 153, 164, 169 Scarpa, A., 208, 260 Scattergood, E M., 188, 244 Schaedel, P., 56, 167 Schaefler, S., 66, 67, 170 Schafer, I A., 46, 170 Schairer, H U., 114, 121, 123, 137, 167, 170 Schatzman, H I., 226, 227, 260 Schazzochio, C., 81, 131, 168 Scherphof, G L., 208, 260 Schiess, B., 97, 131, 164 Schlatz, L., 296, 303 Schleif, R., 50, 51, 52, 53, 170 Schmitt, R., 54, 55, 170 Schnaitman, C A., 114, 170 Schnebli, H P., 94, 170 Schneider, A J., 77, 170 Schneider, P., 232, 260 Schneider, R P., 72, 74, 170 Schoenhard, D E., 109, 164 Scholefield, P G., 220, 849 Scholes, P., 306, 321 Schonfeld, G., 272, 302 Schor, M T., 214, 215,248 Schramm, M., 234, 239 Schrecker, O., 72, 170 Schreiner, E., 192, 263 Schulman, J H., 180, 185, 186, 187, 261 Schultz, S G., 88, 89, 94, 104, 135, 170 172, 174, 256, SO2 Schwartz, F E., 277, 299 Schwartz, I L., 280, 299 Schwartz, J H., 9, 130, 170 Schwarts, M., 63, 162, 163, 170, 307, 321 Schwartz, V G., 199, 247 Schwars, U., 236, 244 Schweizer, E., 127, 170 Scott, J M., 111, 134, 163, 171 Scott, M T., 201, 260 Scow, R O., 178, 260 Scriver, C R., 3, 24, 26,43, 46, 46, 47, 48, 49,51,52,112,113,133,166,161,162, 169,170, 173 Seaman, G V F., 197, 198, 199, 241, 244, 246,260 Sears, B., 189, 260 iw, Seeds, N W., 193, 195, 260 Seegmiller, J E., 49, 161 Seeman, P., 206, 215, 247, 260 Sefton, B M., 198, 260 Segal, S., 2, 42, 43, 45, 147, 160, 169, 17'1 Segel, I H., 110, 112, 113, 167, 172 Seidel, J C., 215, 260 Seki, S., 210, 248 Sekiguchi, M., 117, 170 Sekuzu, L., 260 Seldin, D W., 105, 170 Selinger, Z., 234, 239 Selman, B R., 223, 260 Selmeci, L., 211, 260 Selwyn, M J., 306, 321, 322 Semeriva, M , 185, 243 Sen, A K., 258, 263,302 Seng, R., 179, 860 Senior, 13.) 43, 169 Seppala, A J., 206, 220, 222, 223, 248, 250 Sereda, D D., 219, 241 Sessa, G., 203, 261 Setlow, P., 211, 261 Sevilla, C L., 180, 239 Shabolenko, V P., 63, 67, 167, 161 Shadur, C A , , 12, 13, 130, 172 Shah, D O., 180, 185, 186, 187, 261 Shah, G., 313, 321 Shallenberger, M K., 114, 171 Shanbour, L L., 312,321 Shapiro, B., 121, 162 Shapiro, S., 58, 168 Shapiro, S K., 87, 171 Shaw, K N F., 45, 170 Sheard, B., 189, 204, 261 Sheetz, M P., 189, 203, 204, 243, 261 Sheldon, W., 129, 166 Shen, L C., 302 Sheppard, D.E., 53,117,140,167,160,170 Shifrin, S., 19, 130, 170 Shimazono, N., 214, 246 Shinagawa, H., 106, 166 Shipp, J C., 271, SO3 Shoemaker, R L., 316, 317, 321 Short, E M., 112, 170 Shumas, S R., 81, 167 Siegel, A., 271, 298 Sieglin, U., 192, 840 Siekevitz, P., 235, 246 Signer, E R., 107, 170 343 AUTHOR INDEX Silbert, D F., 121, 123, 168, 170 Silhavy, T J., 59, 139, 170 Silman, I., 220, 242 Silver, L., 277, 299 Silver, S., 88, 90, 91, 167, lY0 Silverman, M , 76, 1YO Simmonds, S., 165 Simmons, R L., 193, 200, 249, 261 Simon, E J., 9, 130, 170 Simoni, R D., 3, 63, 64, 65, 69, 70, 72, 114,166,162, 166,167,169, i r i Simpkins, H., 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 236, 243, 261 Simpson, L L., 219, 261 Singer, I., 218, 262 Singer, J., 56, 171 Singer, S J., 202, 203, 204, 243, 246, 261 Singer, T P., 179, 213, 222, 240, 244, 247, 248, 249, 260 Sinha, U., 43, 130, 171 Sire, J., 41, 130, 171 Skavronskaya, A G., 67, 161 Skou, J C., 98, 171, 313, 321 Skulachev, V P., 306, 320 Slade, H D., 3, 26, 27, 130, 168 Slater, E C., 315, 321 Slautterback, D B., 220, 243 Slaynian, C L., 96, 125, 145, 1'71 Slayman, C W., 96, 97, 110, 125, 132, 134, 145, 146, 147,166, i r i Slotboom, A J., 178, 188, 246, 261 sly, w., 41, 130, i r i Sniets, P., 312, 322 Smith, A D., 261 Smith, A J., 47, l Y l Smith, C W., 202, 261 Smith, D A,, 22, 23, 131, 171 Smith, E L., 214, 261 Smith, G H., 262,275,288,289, 302 Smith, J., 58, 59, 61, 67, 129, 160, 164 Smith, J B., 94, 166 Smith, J F., 267, 302 Smith, S I., 37, 17.8 Smith, T E., 193, 241 Smorodinski, I., 220, 246 Snell, E E., 26, 167 Snoeck, J., 47, 163 Snyder, J J., 101, 166,200, 246 Sokoll, M D., 219, 238 Solberg, L A., Jr., 307, 321 Solomon, A K., 88, 135, 270 Solomon, E., 67, 69, 171 Sols, A., 280, SO3 Somerville, R L., 135, 164 Sommerfield, P., 110, 112, 113, 167 Somogyi, J., 226, 227, 261 Sonenberg, M., 286, SO3 Sonesson, B., 219, 238 Sorsoli, W A., 41, 171 Soucek, A., 181, 261 Souckova, A., 181, 261 Soupart, P., 201, 261 Spangler, R., x x i Spangler, S G., 307, 321 Spence, K D., 41, 86, 87, 147, 167, 171 Spencer, B., 111, 134, 163, 171 Speth, V., 211,261 Spiro, R G , 194, 261 Spitnik-Elson, P., 211, 261 Spudich, J A., 215, 261 Spurling, C L., 89, 133, 171 Squires, C., 53, 140, 160 Squires, R., 103, 16% Srb, A M., 132, 173 Stadler, D R., 26, 27,29, 33, 35, 130, 147, 167, 164, 171 Stadtman, E R., 17, 78, 83, 162, 163 Stahl, W L., 181, 202, 261 Stambaugh, R., 219, 261 Stanbury, J B., 3, 171 Stanbury, S W., 113, 160 Stapley, E O., 61, 131, 16% Starling, E H., 279, SO2 Starr, P R., 127, 172 Steck, T L., 207, 261 Stein, O., 235, 242 Stein, W D., 258, 259, 260, 299, 300, 301, so3 Stein, Y., 235, 242, 244 Steinhardt, R A., 219, 261 Steven, F S., 182, 261 Stevenson, J H., 204, 244 Stewart, J A., 183, 184, 248 Stirling, C E., 77, 1'70 Stirpe, F., 214, 261 Stockdale, M., 306, 321, 322 Stoeckenius, W., 208, 209, 843 Stoffel, W., 123,167, 197,235,261 Stolkowski, J., 91, 166 Strang, L B., 47, 171 344 AUTHOR INDEX Straughn, W R., 25, 156 Straus, J H., 204, 244 Strenkoski, L F., 95, 171 Streter, F A., 215, 224, 245 Strickholm, A., 218, 226, 245, 251 Strom, R., 101, 158, 222, 241 Stromer, M H., 215, 244 Strunk, S W., 202, 251 Strych, A., 313, 321 Stuart, W D., 26, 27, 171 Stutts, P., 81, 157 Suganuma, A , , 115,167 Sugino, Y., 117, 171 Sukhudolova, A T., 216, 240 Summers, K E., 194, 251 Sun, A Y., 226, 251 Sun, G Y., 226, 251 Sun, R., 183, 184, 248 Suominen, J J O., 235, 251 Surdin, Y., 41, 130, 171 Suskind, S R., 72, 167 Sussman, A J., 16, 171 Sutherland, E W., 232, 249, 281, 282, 299,502 Svennerholm, L., 183, 251 Sweeney, H., 26, 29, 31, 135, 166 Szasz, I., 206, 251, 252 Szent-Gyorgyi, A G., 215, 248, 252 T Tacconi de Alaniz, M J., 193, 252 Tada, K., 47, 51, 167, 171 Takenaka, T., 218, 252 Taketa, K., 211, 252 Tamaki, S., 117, 171 Tamburrini, O., 232, 247 Tanaka, R., 228, 252 Taniguchi, K., 226, 227, 228, 252 Tarby, T J., 217, 220, 244, 252 Tarpley, H L., 257, 260, 299 Tasaki, I., 218, 252 Tatibana, M., 226, 252 Tatum, E L., 72, 97, 132, 134, 146, 147, 158,171 Tay, S., 202, 203, 204, 251 Taylor, A L., 9, 79, 107, 115, 119, 131, 139, 143, 144,171 Taylor, J., 204, 244 Taylor, R T., 84, 171 Teather, C., 199, 244 Teilor, A E R., 252 Teitel, P., 252 Temin, H M., 196, 252 Temple, J., 215, 244 Ten-Ami, I., 220, 246 Tenforde, T., 197, 252 Teorell, T., 310, 322 Terrey, M., 127, 165 Terry, T M., 211, 248 Thakar, J H., 79, 131, 171 Thang, M N., 235, 252 Thesleff, S., 217, 219, 238 Thier, S O , 2, 3, 42, 43, 160, 171 Thimann, K V., 193, 250 Thirion, J P., 63, 172 Thomas, J., 56, 163 Thomas, L., 200, 242 Thompson, R H S., 179, 180, 190, 245 Thompson, D D., 43, 160 Thompson, E D., 127, 172 Thompson, G A., Jr., 178, 181, 852 Thompson, T E., 306, 319 Thomson, J L., 193, 244 Thorne, G M., 11, 23, 130, 172 Thwaites, W M., 31, 37, 129, 172 Tien, H T., 203, 252 Tijssen, F C., 202, 248 Till, J E., 167 Timmermans, J., 47, 163 Tipton, S R., 193, 250 Tisdale, H., 179, 250 Tisdale, J H., 37, 172 Tizzo, R., 221, 240 Tobias, J M., 198, 217, 218, 248, 250, 252 Toh-e, A., 111, 163, 172 Tomasi, V., 233, 249, 152 Tomasz, A., 191, 235, 252 Tomizawa, M., 206, 252 Tonomura, Y., 226, 227, 252 rropaiy, v P., 306,szo Topper, Y J., 277, 302 Torndal, U.-B., 221, 245 Torquebiau-Collard, O., 252 Tosteson, D C., 99, 101, 103, 157, 162, 165, 172, 200, 246 Touabi, M., 290, 303 Touster, O., 208, 248 Traniello, S., 211, 849 Trap-Jensen, T., 103, 162 345 AUTHOR INDEX Trevisani, A,, 233, 249 Trevithick, J R., 125, 172 Triebwasser, K C., 24, 25, 130, 160 Triner, L., 288, 300 Triplett, R B., 204, 240 Tristram, H., 16, 17, 131, 172 Truelove, B., 220, 242 Trump, B F., 202, 252 Tsay, S.-S., 72, 172 Tsofina, L M., 306, 320 Tsukagoshi, N., 123, 160 Tucker, E M., 99, 101, 169,172 Tulsiani, D R P., 234, 841 Turkington, R W., 277, 303 Turnbull, A C., 235, 239 Tweedie, J W., 110, 112, 113, 172 Tyor, M P., 2, 42, 43, 166 Tzagoloff, A., 216, 252 U Uhlenbruck, G., 197, 208, 260, 262, 253 Ullrich, K J., 305, 521 Ulstrom, R A., 47, 159 IJmana, C R., 234, 262 Umbarger, H E., 3, 5, 7, 13, 39, 41, 128, 157, 158, 161, 166, 172 Ungar, I., 271, 298 Uno, I., 111, 163 Unsold, H M , 59, 165 Urban, C L., 196, 245 Ussirig, H H , 312, 322 Utech, N M., 24, 25, 132, 168, 172 Uthe, J F., 179, 180, 190, 205,252 v Vagelos, P R., 121, 138, 157, 158, 170 Vainio, H , 204, 239 Vambutas, V K., 223, 252 Vanatta, J C., 306, 320 Van Dam, K., 316, 322 Van Deenen, L L M., 178, 179, 181, 184, 188, 189, 202, 203, 205, 216, 220, 232, 239, 240, 244, 246, 249, 250, 261, 252, 253,254 van den Hende, C., 47, 163 Van de Putte, P., 115, 172 Van der Meer-Van Buren, M., 221, 242 Van Dillewijn, J., 115, 172 Van Heyningen, W E., 219, 252 Vansteenkiste, Y., 312, 322 Van Steveninck, J., 74, 172 Vargaftig, B B., 235, 262 Varmus, H E., 65, 169 Vatter, A E., 94, 170, 193, 195, 260 Vessey, D A., 215, 252 Vidaver, G A., 263, 303 Vilkki, P., 232, 262 Vinten, J., 290, 298 Visakorpi, J K., 45, 164, 168 Visser, A., 210, 243 Vocikov, V L., 219, 247 Vogt, W., 205, 246, 253 von Meyenburg, K., 114, 115, 172 Voznaya, N M., 222,247 W Wada, C., 115, 143, I74 Wade, M A., 99, 164 Wahlstrom, A., 205, 253 Waite, M., 220, 263 Wakil, S J., 121, 123, 160, 162 Walaas, E., 279, 303 Walborg, E F., Jr., 193, 253 Walczak, W., 21, 135, 164 Wald, R., 262 Wallaas, O., 279, 303 Wallace, B J., 87, 168 Wallach, D F H., 204,207,208,211,235, 244, 246, 251, 253 Wallenfels, K., 56, 57, 167 Wallick, H., 61, 131, 162 Walshe, J M., 43, 159 Walter, R W., 71, 169 Walton, G M., 302 Wang, C C., 119, 172 Wang, R J., 63, 65, 67, 158, 167, 172 Wargel, R J., 12, 13, 130, 172 Warland, B J., 113, 157 Warren, F L., 43, 99, 147, 160, 162 Warren, L., 192, 193, 197, 199, 253 Watanabe, A , , 215, 262 Watanabe, K., 106, 154, 168 Waters, M F., 200, 253 Watkin, D M., 127, 169 Watkins, E., Jr., 200, 253 Watkins, E., 111, 200, 253 Watling, A S., 306, 322 346 AUTHOR INDEX Watson, J A., 66, 160 Watt, S., 215, 261 Watts, R W E., 43, 168 Wayne, R., 92, 93, 131, 166 Webb, M., 92, 93, 131, 172 Webbs, S J., 194, 247 Weed, R I., 206, 263 Weibull, C., 192, 263 Weicker, H., 200, 242 Weidekamm, E., 204,211, 261,263 Weiden, P L., 89, 104, 172 Weinbach, E C., 206, 222, 223, 263 Weinbaum, G., 207, 263 Weiner, J H., 6, 7, 9, 12, 14, 16, 17, 130, 167, 160, 172 Weinstein, D B., 193, 197, 199, 263 Weis, L S., 278, 303 Weiss, J B., 182, 262 Weiss, L., 191, 195, 197, 198, 247, 263 Weiss, L S., 229, 231, 263 Weissmann, G., 203, 236,261, 263 Wesley, M E., 280, 303 Westall, R G., 43, 166 Westling, B., 115, 167 Wheeler, K P., 228, 263 Whelan, D T., 45, 172 Whipple, M B., 106, 107, 131, 154, 168 White, A., 283, 301 White, D., 196, 260 White, D C., 181, 248 White, F P., 226, 246 White, J., 103, 163 Whitney, E N., 91, 117, 270, 1'72 Whitney, J E., 277, 303 Whittam, R., 263, 292, 303 Whittington, E S., 99, 101, 103, 16'7, 172 Wiame, J M., 38, 39, 128, 130, 135, 147, 151, 166, 161 Wick, A N., 270, 299 Widdas, W F., 256, 258, 250, 298, 302, 303 Wieneke, A A., 228, 229,263 Wiener, H., 191, 263 Wiesmeyer, H., 62, 272 Wijsman, H J W., 117, 172 Wilbrandt, W., 256, 260, 299, 302 Wiley, W R., 26, 27, 72, 74, 170, 173 Wille, G., 205, 263 Willebrands, A F., 279, 299 Willecke, K., 86,87, 123, 148,166,173 Willems, G., 312, 322 Williams, E., 226, 246 Williams, G R., 221, 248, 314, 315, 316, 319 Williams, R H., 229, 246, 293, 300 Williams, R J P., 123, 168 Williams, T F., 113, 147, 166, 1'73 Williams, W L., 219, 664 Williamson, D H., 193, 242 Williamson, J R., 271, 279, 287, 300, 303, 315,322 Willis, D R., 97, 1'73 Wills, E D., 178, 263 Wilson, G., 63, 65, 67, 121, 123, 137, 148, 160,173 Wilson, J D., 105, 1'70 Wilson, H., 8, 46, 170,173 Wilson, T H., 46, 52, 54, 55, 60, 66, 131, 132, 153, 154, 161, 166, 169, 173 Winegard, A I., 286, 302 Winkler, H., 261 Winkler, H H., 52, 54, 55, 58, 66, 153, 173 Winters, R W., 113, 147, 161, 173 Wintzer, G., 208, 263 Winder, R J., 191, 211, 263 Wira, C R., 282, 283, 301 Wisnieski, B J., 127, 173 Witten, C., 117, 167 Woelk, H., 179, 263 Wohltmann, H J., 277, 278, 280, 303 Wolf, F J., 61, 131, 162 Wolfinbarger, L Jr., 26, 29, 30, 31, 130, 173 Wolff, H., 192, 240 Wolff, J., 232, 246, 247, 260 Wolff, K., 192, 263 Wolman, M., 191, 263 Wong, P T S., 55, 131, 153, 154,173,204, 246 Woo, A,, 99, 166 Wood, G C., 215,239 Wood, R E., 263, 265, 267, 268, 269, 279, 293, 301, 303 Woodin, A M., 228, 229, 263 Woodruff, H B., 61, 131, 162 Woodruff, J., 201, 263 Woods, R A., 82, 83, 127, 131, 166, 167, 168, 173 Woodward, C B., 181, 205, 260 347 AUTHOR INDEX Woodward, C K., 29, 31, 135, lY3 Woodward, V W., 26, 29, 31, 132, 135, 166, 1Y3 Woolf, L I., 79, lY3 Woolley, D W., 219, 263 Wrey, V P., 193, 263 Wright, A., 192, 264 Wright, F E., 277, 303 Wright, J H., Jr., 275, 302 Wu, H C P., 56, 57, 173 Wulff, D L., 121, 168 Wyngaarden, J B., 3, Y l Young, E P., 43, 168 Young, F G., 282, 284,285, 286,298, 301 Young, I G., 92, 93, 140, lY3, 174 Young, W S., 111, 69, 169 Yourno, J., 211, 246 Yu, B P., 224, 247 Yu, S.-H., 66, 168 Yuldashev, P K., 249 Yunis, E., 200, 244 Yura, T., 115, 143, 174 Y Zakim, D., 215, 216, 262,264 Zambrano, F., 226, 243 Zampighi, G., 226, 243 Zand, R., 14, 168 Zaneveld, L J D., 219, 264 Zarlengo, M H., 94, 174 Zimmerman, E F., 79, lY4 Zimmerman, J D., 35, 169 Zimmerman, W., 97, 131, 164, lY4 Zimmermann, U., 91, 168, 174 Zinder, N., 129, 166 Zwaal, R F A., 181, 202, 203, 205, 241, 260,264 Zwaig, N., 55, 65, 132, 167, 17.4 Zweig, R A., 316, 321 Yamada, K., 86, 164 Yamagishi, S., 218, 262 Yamamoto, M., 119, 173 Yamanouchi, T., 45, 16Y Yamashita, S., 214, 246 Yanofsky, C., 107, 138, 173 Yip, C C., 215, 247 Yokoyama, Y., 47, 51, 16Y Yon, J., 183, 264 Yorke, R E., 282, 283, 303 Yoshida, T., 47, 51, 16Y, 171 Yoshikawa, H., 292, 301 Young, D A., 282, 283, 301 Z SUBJECT INDEX A Acetate, membrane transport of mutations affecting, 86-87 Acidosis, renal tubular type, genetic aspects of, 102-105 Adenine, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 80-83 S-Adenosylmethionine, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 8&87 Adenyl cyclase, hydrolytic enzyme effects on, 232-233 Aerobacter aerogenes, mutations of, affecting membrane transport, 70-71,92-93 Alanine, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 12-13, 24-25, 26-27 Amino acids, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 4-51 Amino aciduria, genetic defect in, membrane transport effects, 44-45 a-Aminoadipate, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 38-39 Ammonium ion, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 94-95 L-Arabinose, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 50-53 Arginine, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 8-11, 24-25, 36-39 Arsenate, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 108-109 Aspartate, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 4, 24-25, 32-37, 38-39 Aspergillus nidulans, mutations of, affecting membrane transport, 40-43, 7475, 80-81, 86-87, 110-113 ATPase-deficient hemolytic anemia, hereditary, genetic aspects of, 102-103 B Bacillus cereus, mutations of, affecting membrane transport, 108-109 348 Bacillus megalerium, mutations of, affecting membrane transport, 96-97 Bacillus subtilis, mutations of, affecting membrane transport, 86-87, 9 , 122-123 Biomembranes asymmetry across, 207-208 hydrolytic enzymes in, 175-254 hyperstructure of, 209-210 protein release from, 210-217 Biotin, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 84-85 Busby syndrome, genetic aspects of, 126127 C Calcium transport system, enzyme hydrolysis effects on, 224-226 Carbohydrates, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 50-79 Cell wall, hydrolytic enzyme effects on, 202-207 Chloride, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 112-114 Citrate, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 86-87 Cystine, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 16-17 Cystinuria, genetic defect in, membrane transport effects, 42-45 D Deoxyribose, membrane trmsport of, mutations affecting, 70-71 Diaminopimelic acid, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 16-17 Dipeptides, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 16-17 349 SUBJECT INDEX E Enzymes, hydrolytic, in biomembranes, 175-254 Epinephrine, effects on sugar transport, 279-282 Escherichia coli, mutations of, affecting membrane transport, 4-17,50-69,8493, 104-107, 114-123, 141-144 Excitable membranes, enzyme hydrolysis effects on, 217-220 F Fanconi syndrome, genetic aspects of, 126-127 Fructose, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 66-67, 70-71 G Galactose, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 58-59, 74-75 Genetics, of membrane transport, 1-174 Glucoaminoaciduria, genetic aspects of, 128-129 Glucocorticoids, effects on sugar transport, 282-284 Glucoglycinuria, genetic aspects of, 128129 Glucose, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 66-67, 72-75 Glucose-galactose malabsorption, genetic aspects of, 76-77 Glucose transport system, enzyme hydrolysis effects on, 229-232 @-Glucosides, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 66-67 Glutamate, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 6-9,24-25,32-37 Glutamine, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 6-8 Glycerol, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 60-63, 72-73 L-a-Glycerophosphate, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 60-61 Glycine, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 12-13, 26-27 Glycolate, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 86-87 Glycolytic enzymes, in biomembranes, 181-183 Glycosuria, genetic aspects of, 76-79 Growth hormone, effects on sugar transport, 284-287 Guanine, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 78-81 H Hartnup disease, genetic defect in, membrane transport effects, 44-47 Hexose phosphates, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 58-61 Hexoses, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 74-75 Histidine, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 12-13, 18-21, 38-39 Hormones, effect on sugar transport, 274287 Hydrogen ion, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 94-97 Hydrogenmas eulropha, mutations of, affecting membrane transport, 94-95 Hydrolytic enzymes, in biomembranes, 175-254 action of, on model systems, 184-191 types of, 178-184 effects of catabolism of membrane components, 233-236 on cell wall, 191-202 membrane transport, 217-233 protein release, 210-217 Hypoxanthine, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 78-83 I Iminoglycinuria, genetic aspects of, 46-51 Insulin, effects on sugar transport, 274-279 Iron, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 92-93, 96-99 Isoleucine, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 12-15, 24-25 K Katzir-Katchalsky, Aharon, 1913-1972 bibliography of publications of, xxi-xldi memorial for, xv-xx 350 SUBJECT INDEX Lactose, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 52-55, 72-75 Leucine, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 12-15, 22-23 Lipolytic enzymes in biomembranes, 178-181 action of, 184-189 Lowe’s syndrome, genetic aspects of, 126127 Lysine, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 8-11, 24-25, 36-39 M Magnesium, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 90-91 Maltose, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 62-63 Mannitol, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 66-71 Melibiose, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 54-57 Membrane phenomena, Katzir-Katchalsky publications on, xxi, xxii Membrane transport enzyme hydrolysis effects on, 217-233 genetic control of, 1-174 dominance and recessiveness in, 146149 gene identification, 136-140 isolation of mutants, 3-135 linkage relationships, 140-146 mutant use in study of, 151-155 regulation of, 150-151 Methionine malabsorption syndrome of, genetic aspects, 46-47 membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 22-23, 38-39 p-Methylgalactoside, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 56-59 Ochromonas danica, mutations of, affecting membrane transport, 42-43 Oligopeptides, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 16-17 Ornithine, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 8-11 P Peptides, membrane transport of, mufations affecting, 4-51 Phenylalanine, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 10-13, 18-21, 2225 Phosphate, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 104-113 Phosphotransferase system, mutations affecting, 62-69,70-71 Potassium, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 88-91, 94-103 Proline, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 16-17, 22-23, 24-25 Proteolytic enzymes in biomembranes, 183-184 action of, 189-191 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, mutations of, affecting membrane transport, 22-25, 72-73 Pseudomonas fluorescens, mutations of, affecting membrane transport, 24-25 Pseudomonas pseudomallei, mutations of, affecting membrane transport, 108109 Purines and pyrimidines, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 78-85 R Respiratory chain, enzyme hydrolysis effects on, 220-223 S N Neurospora crassa, mutations of, affecting membrane transport, 26-37, 72-75, 96-99, 108-111, 124-125, 144-146 Saccharomyces cerevisiae, mutations of, affecting membrane transport, 36-41, 74-75, 80-87, 126-127 Salmonella pullorum, mutations of, affecting membrane transport, 108-109 35 SUBJECT INDEX Salmonella typhimurium, mutations of, affecting membrane transport, 18-23, 68-71, 78-81, 92-93, 106-109, 122123, 141-144 Serine, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 12-13 Shikimic acid, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 86-87 Sodium, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 94-95, 102-105 Sodium-potassium transport system, enzyme hydrolysis effects on, 226-229 Spherocytosis, hereditary, genetic aspects of, 102-103 Staphylococcus aureus, mutations of, affecting membrane transport, 70-73, 96-97, 124-125 Streptococcus faecalis, mutations of, affecting membrane transport, 24-27, 80-81, 94-97, 108-109 Streptococcus lactis, mutations of, affecting membrane transport, 70-71 Streptococcus strain Challis, mutations of, affecting membrane transport, 26-27 Sugar transport anoxia effects on, 262-267 epinephrine effects on, 279-282 fatty substrate effects on, 270-274 glucowrticoid effects on, 282-284 growth hormone effects on, 284-287 hormonal control of, 274-287 insulin effects on, 274-279 muscular contraction effects on, 267-270 nonhormonal regulation of, 261-274 pmsive, kinetics of, 256-261 regulation of, in eukaryotic cells, 255322 mechanisms of, 287-296 Sulfate, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 106-109 Sulfhydryl groups, in sugar transport regulation, 293-296 T Thiamine, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 84-87 Thymidine, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 84-85 Tryptophan malabsorption syndrome of, genetic aspects, 46-47 membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 10-13, 18-23 Tyrosine, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 10-13, 18-21, 22-25 U Uracil, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 78-79, 80-83 Ureidosuccinic acid, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 86-87 Uric acid, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 80-81 Urindine, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 82-83 V Valine, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 12-15 Vitamin BI*, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 84-85,88-89 X Xanthine, membrane transport of, mutations affecting, 78-81 This Page Intentionally Left Blank [...]... to involve a glutamine-binding protein, which is released by osmotic shock and has a K D (for glutamine) of 3 x M Both transport and the binding protein are repressed by growth in a rich medium (Weineret a/., 1971; Weiner and Heppel, - 197 1) - 6 Amino Acids and Peptides Linkage Method of Isolating Mutants Transport Defect in Mutants are derepressed (with high levels of glutamate transport activity)... system for arginine (K,,, = 2.6 x lo-* M ) ; ( 2) a specific system for lysine (K, = 1 x 10-5 M ) , inhibited by thiosine; and (3)a general system (LAO) for lysine (K, = 0.5 x 10-6 M ) , ornithine (K,,, = 1.4 x 10-6 M ) ,arginine, and canavanine Osmotic shock causes the release of several argininebinding proteins, one of which may play a role i n the arginine-specific transport system (Wilson and Holden,... Heppel, 197 1) Increased transport of glutamine Mutant strain GLNP 1 showed a 3-fold higher initial uptake rate (with a normal Km) and had three times more binding protein than the parent strain (Weiner and Heppel, 197 1) Resistance to y-glutamylhydrazide (Weiner and Heppel, 197 1) Decreased transport of glutamine In mutant strain GH 20, both the initial uptake rate and the amount of binding protein were... 0-carbamyl-Dserine; and ( 2) and (3?)a system for glycine, D- and L-alanine and D-serine with nonlinear double reciprocal plots which have been resolved into t w o sets of Km's and VmaX's (Km's = 2.5 and 9.1 x 10-5 M for glycine, and 2.5 and 8.2 x 1 0 %M for D-alanine) This system is inhibited by D-cycloserine Leucine, isoleucine, valine There appear t o be multiple transport systems for the branched-chain amino... s in energy coupling, presumably in a factor common t o both the arginine-specific and L A O transport systems However, Maas (personal cornmunication) found that another argP mutant, JC 182-5, produces an altered LAObinding protein with a lowered binding capacity for arginine, ornithine, and lysine; the arginine-specific binding proteins appear normal i n JC 182-5 Further work will be 9 (Continued)... missing, and ornithine and lysine transport via the L A O system were partially reduced Both the arginine-specific binding protein and the LAO-binding protein have now been found t o be present i n Can R22, and the mutant shows normal facilitated diffusion of arginine (assayed by coupling arginine uptake to arginine decarboxylase, and measuring COP production) (Rosen personal communication) Rosen has therefore... al., 197 1) or Dw i n e (E coli W, Davis and Maas 1949; Kessel and Lubin, 1965: E coli K-12, Cosloy and McFall 1971; Oxender, 1972a), or by penicillin treatment of glycine-requiring strains I€.culi W and B) growing in lowglycine medium (Kessel and Lubin 196 5) The relationship of these mutants t o the cyc loci has not been renorted Defective in the transport of glycine D- and L-alanine, and Dderine (Schwartz... about 90% (and the small amount of uptake 7 (Continued) TABLE I Mutations Affecting Membrane Transport (Continued) Amino Acids and Peptides Organism Transport System Specificity Gene Escherichia coli (Con %) Basic amino acids (arginine, lysine, ornithine) argf Wild-type E coli K-12 has three kinetically distinct transport systems for basic amino acids (Rosen, 1971a): ( 1) a specific, high-affinity system... Heppel (197 1), Kaback (1970a, b, 197 2), Lin (1970, 197 1), Oxender (1972a, b), Roseman (197 2), and Simoni (197 2); and for a more complete description of genetic defects affecting transport in man, to reviews by Rosenberg (196 9), Rosenberg and Scriver (196 9), Scriver (196 9), Thier and Alpers (196 9), Scriver and Hechtman (197 0), and to several chapters in Stanbury et al (197 2). ] II ISOLATION OF TRANSPORT. .. Amino Acids and Peptides Organism Transport System Specificity Gene Eschen'chia coli IConW Histidine Not characterized Glycine alanine, wine Wild-type E coli K-12 has t w o (or three) kinetically distinct transport systems for glycine atanine, and serine (Wargel etal., 1970; Qxender, 1972a): - cyc ( 1) a system for L-alanine (Km = 5.7 x 10-5 M ) and probably L-serine inhibited by L-cycloserine and 0-carbamyl-Dserine; ... 1972a): - cyc ( 1) a system for L-alanine (Km = 5.7 x 10-5 M ) and probably L-serine inhibited by L-cycloserine and 0-carbamyl-Dserine; and ( 2) and (3?)a system for glycine, D- and L-alanine and. .. altered LAObinding protein with a lowered binding capacity for arginine, ornithine, and lysine; the arginine-specific binding proteins appear normal i n JC 182-5 Further work will be (Continued) TABLE... occurring amino acids Transport is thought to involve a glutamine-binding protein, which is released by osmotic shock and has a K D (for glutamine) of x M Both transport and the binding protein