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Classical yoga tập tại nhàClassical yoga tập tại nhàClassical yoga tập tại nhàClassical yoga tập tại nhàClassical yoga tập tại nhàClassical yoga tập tại nhàClassical yoga tập tại nhàClassical yoga tập tại nhàClassical yoga tập tại nhàClassical yoga tập tại nhàClassical yoga tập tại nhàClassical yoga tập tại nhà
Classical Yoga Patanjali’s Yoga Sutras, and the 8Limb Path of Yoga Review Pre-Classical Yoga In Yoga Philosophy Classical Divisions Classical Divisions of Yoga Raja Yoga— Royal Yoga; or “The Resplendent Yoga of Spiritual Kings” Jnana Yoga— Yoga of Wisdom; or Cultivation of Discrimination Karma Yoga— Yoga of Action; Freedom from Action Bhakti Yoga— Yoga of Devotion; or The Self-Transcending Power of Love Jnana Yoga Jnana Yoga—Yoga of Wisdom; or Cultivation of Discrimination Jnana Yoga is the path of knowledge,… wisdom, introspection and contemplation Jnana involves deep exploration of the nature our being by systematically exploring and setting aside false identities Karma Yoga • Karma Yoga— – Yoga of Action – Freedom from Action • Karma Yoga is the path of service, – mindfulness, and remembering the levels of our being while fulfilling our actions or karma in the world Bhakti Yoga • Bhakti Yoga— – Yoga of Devotion; or – The Self-Transcending Power of Love • Bhakti Yoga is the path of love… – devotion, emotion, compassion, and service to God and others – All actions are done in the context of remembering the Divine Raja Yoga • Raja Yoga – Royal Yoga; or “The Resplendent Yoga of Spiritual Kings” – A comprehensive method that emphasizing meditation, while – Encompasses the whole of Yoga – It directly deals with the encountering and transcending thoughts of the mind Schools of Indian Philosophy Yoga—Practical methods for direct experience Sankhya—Framework of Manifestation Vedanta—Contemplative Self-inquiry Vaisheshika—Physical Sciences Nyaya—Reasoning Mimasa—Freedom through action *Yoga as a philosophy relies heavily on the Sankhya and Vedanta for a philosophical framework Yoga— Practical methods of direct experience Yoga systematically deals with all of the levels of one's being as they strive to experience the eternal center of consciousness Satcitananda: Sat (beingness) Cit (consciousness) Ananda (bliss) In the Yoga Sutras, and seems to be codified, systematized, or scientific study of inner states The goal is to so as to experientially go beyond all of them to the center of consciousness General Pranayama Terms Kumbhaka Stopping the Breath Nigarbha Pranayama without Mantra Sanskrit for "extending of the prana or breath" or more accurately, "extension of the life force" Sagarbha Pranayama with Mantra Pranayama Prāna: life force, or vital energy Yama: to extend, draw out, restraint, or control Āyāma: Prana: breath, life force ayama: lengthen, expansion yama: restriction Puraka Inhalation Recaka Exhalation Pranayama Breathing Tecniques Anuloma: Anu: along with, according to; loma: hair Bhramari: Large black bee Bhastrika: Bellows Kapalabhati: Skull Polishing (Kapala: Skull; Bhati: light, splendor) Murccha: to swoon Nadi Sodhana: Nerve Cleansing (nadi: tubular organ; Sodhana: purifying or cleansing Plavini (plavana: to bathe, float) Pratiloma: (prati: in opposition to; loma: hair) Sama Vritti: Even breathing (Sama: Even, smooth, level; vritti: action) Surya Bhedana: surya: sun; bhedana: breaking, splitting dividing) Ujjayi: Victorious lengthening of the internal breath (jaya: to conquer) Viloma (vi: away from; loma: hair) Visama Vrtti (visama: difficult, uneven; vrtti: action) The Field of Experience Pratyahara Pratyahara sva = own visaya = object (of experience), phenomenon asamprayoge = uncoupling cittasya = consciousness sva = own rupa = form anukara = imitation, following suit iva = like, thus, as it were indriyañam = sensory apparatus pratyaharai = withdrawal of the senses 2.54 When the mental organs of senses and actions (indriyas) cease to be engaged with the corresponding objects in their mental realm, and assimilate or turn back into the mind-field from which they arose, this is called pratyâhâra, and is the fifth step 2.55 Through that turning inward of the organs of senses and actions (indriyas) also comes a supreme ability, controllability, or mastery over those senses inclining to go outward towards their objects Concentration Dharana d Dharana “ekagra chitta” or “ekagrata” Eka = “one” and Chitta = Mind or Consciousness holding holding steady concentration single focus Meditation Dyhana Dyhana • Nulla facilisi Duis aliquet egestas purus in blandit Curabitur vulputate, ligula lacinia scelerisque tempor, lacus lacus ornare ante, ac egestas est urna sit amet arcu Class aptent taciti sociosqu ad litora torquent per conubia nostra, per inceptos himenaeos Sed molestie augue sit amet leo consequat posuere Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere cubilia Curae; Proin vel ante a orci tempus eleifend ut et magna Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit Vivamus luctus urna sed urna ultricies ac tempor dui sagittis In condimentum facilisis porta Sed nec diam eu diam mattis viverra Nulla fringilla, orci ac euismod semper, magna diam porttitor mauris, quis sollicitudin sapien justo in libero Vestibulum mollis mauris enim Morbi euismod magna ac lorem rutrum elementum Donec viverra auctor lobortis Pellentesque eu est a nulla placerat dignissim Morbi a enim in magna semper bibendum Etiam scelerisque, nunc ac egestas consequat, odio nibh euismod nulla, eget auctor orci nibh vel nisi Aliquam erat volutpat Mauris vel neque sit amet nunc gravida congue sed sit amet purus Quisque lacus quam, egestas ac tincidunt a, lacinia vel velit Aenean facilisis nulla vitae urna tincidunt congue sed ut dui Morbi malesuada nulla nec purus convallis consequat Vivamus id mollis quam Morbi ac commodo nulla In condimentum orci id nisl volutpat bibendum Quisque commodo hendrerit lorem quis egestas Maecenas quis tortor arcu Vivamus rutrum nunc non neque consectetur quis placerat neque lobortis Nam vestibulum, arcu sodales feugiat consectetur, nisl orci bibendum elit, eu euismod magna sapien ut nibh Donec semper quam scelerisque tortor dictum gravida In hac habitasse platea dictumst Nam pulvinar, odio sed rhoncus suscipit, sem diam ultrices mauris, eu consequat purus metus eu velit Proin metus odio, aliquam eget molestie nec, gravida ut sapien Phasellus quis est sed turpis sollicitudin venenatis sed eu odio Praesent eget neque eu eros interdum malesuada non vel leo Sed fringilla porta ligula egestas tincidunt Nullam risus magna, ornare vitae varius eget, scelerisque a libero Morbi eu porttitor ipsum Nullam lorem nisi, posuere quis volutpat eget, luctus nec massa Pellentesque aliquam lacinia tellus Absorption Samadhi Samadhi In a state of Samadhi, absorption occurs There is no distinction between act of meditation and the object of meditation There are kinds and levels of of Samadhi: 3.3 When the perceiving consciousness in this meditative is wholly given to illuminating the essential meaning of the object contemplated, and is freed from the sense of separateness and personality, this is contemplation (samadhi) kindsSamprajnata Samadhi (conscious) Asamprajnata Samadhi (supra conscious) levelsSavikalpa – Asamprajñata Nirvikalpa • Samprajnata Samadhi conscious samadhi The mind remains concentrated (ekagra) on the object of meditation, therefore the consciousness of the object of meditation persists Mental modifications arise only in respect of this object of meditation Mirror of yoga Sutras – Savitarka: the Citta is concentrated upon a gross object of meditation such as a flame of a lamp, the tip of the nose, or the image of a deity – Savichara: the Citta is concentrated upon a subtle object of meditation , such as the tanmatras – Sananda: the Citta is concentrated upon a still subtler object of meditation, like the senses – Sasmita: the Citta is concentrated upon the ego-substance with which the self is generally identified • Asamprajnata Samadhi supraconscious The citta and the object of meditation are fused together The consciousness of the object of meditation is transcended All mental modifications are checked (niruddha), although latent impressions may continue Reflects on Samadhi Pada 1.2: Yogas citta vritti narodaha levels of Samādhi Savikalpa – Transitional state between Meditation and Higher awareness state The mind retains its consciousness and continues to experience thought, bliss and selfawareness Asamprajñata – Higher awareness state with absence of physical awareness Nirvikalpa – In this state there is no longer mind, duality, a subject-object relationship or experience Distinction fades and we can see everything as one Here, nothing but pure awareness remains and nothing detracts from wholeness and perfection On Samadhi When you say you sit for meditation, the first thing to be done is understand that it is not this body identification that is sitting for meditation, but this knowledge ‘I am’, this consciousness, which is sitting in meditation and is meditating on itself When this is finally understood, then it becomes easy When this consciousness, this conscious presence, merges in itself, the state of ‘Samadhi’ ensues It is the conceptual feeling that I exist that disappears and merges into the beingness itself So this conscious presence also gets merged into that knowledge, that beingness – that is ‘Samadhi’ ~Nisargadatta Maharaj Prakriti • Prakriti, as related to Purusha which is transendent , is the subtlest of the material aspect of energy It is the primordial state of matter, even prior to matter as we know it in the physical sense Prakriti manifests as the three gunas and the other evolutes • While Purusha is considered “uncaused,” Prakriti is the considered the “first cause” of the universe As the base of physical reality, both matter and force are considered to emanate from Prakriti Since it is the first principle (tattva) of the universe, it is called the Pradhana, but, as it is the unconscious and unintelligent principle, it is also called the Jada It is composed of three essential characteristics (trigunas) These are: • sattva - fineness, lightness, illumination, and joy; • rajas - activity, excitation, and pain; • tamas - coarseness, heavyness, obstruction, and sloth.[10][11][12] • All physical events are considered to be manifestations of the evolution of Prakriti, or primal nature (from which all physical bodies are derived) Each sentient being is a Purusha, and is limitless and unrestricted by its physical body Samsaara or bondage arises when the Purusha does not have the discriminate knowledge and so is misled as to its own identity, confusing itself with the physical body, which is actually an evolute of Prakriti The spirit is liberated when the discriminate knowledge of the difference between conscious Purusha and unconscious Prakriti is realized [...]... freedom through action It has a detailed philosophy related to ritual, worship and ethical conduct, which developed into the philosophy of karma In Yoga Philosophy Process of yoga Nesting of Patterns • A nesting pattern becomes apparent as one begins to study yoga There is no doubt that the lessons learned on the mat can translate to off the mat On the other hand, is what happens on the mat a metaphor... the mat a metaphor for what happens off the mat? Or, is what happens on the mat merely a reflection of another greater but veiled reality? • This is one of the greatest discussions to come out of the yoga tradition Is there merely a singular basis for what is real where body and conciousness are parts of a singularity, one another, or is the difference between the two GROSS Anatomy OM Inhale KOSHA... get in the way of our directly experiencing of material reality A “sheath” is a covering or skin that covers Peel these away to reveal the “true self” Kosha Attributes Theory and practice of Samkhya Yoga Samkhya Gunas Prakriti (primordial "matter") has three characteristics or attributes of Sattva (Lightness) Rajas (Activity) Tamas (Stability) These three combine and re-combine so as to form the ...Review Pre -Classical Yoga In Yoga Philosophy Classical Divisions Classical Divisions of Yoga Raja Yoga Royal Yoga; or “The Resplendent Yoga of Spiritual Kings” Jnana Yoga Yoga of Wisdom;... Karma Yoga Yoga of Action; Freedom from Action Bhakti Yoga Yoga of Devotion; or The Self-Transcending Power of Love Jnana Yoga Jnana Yoga Yoga of Wisdom; or Cultivation of Discrimination Jnana Yoga. .. the Divine Raja Yoga • Raja Yoga – Royal Yoga; or “The Resplendent Yoga of Spiritual Kings” – A comprehensive method that emphasizing meditation, while – Encompasses the whole of Yoga – It directly