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1. The sun (set) ……………………………………………………………………………in the West. 2. It usually (rain) ……………………………………………………………………………in the summer. 3. They (build) ……………………………………………………………………………. 4. Bees (make) ……………………………………………………………honey. 5. They (get) ……………………………………………………………………on the scale now. 6. The earth (circle) ………………………………………………………the Sun once every 365 days. 7. Rivers usually (flow) ………………………………………………… to the sea. 8. Don’t worry. I (give) ……………………………him your message when I (see) ………………………… him. 9. Look Jane (play) ………………………… the guitar. Hurry up The bus (come) …………………………… . 10. I (not talk) …………………………………………………… to her at present. 11. How often………………………… she (go) ………………………… fishing? She (go) ……………………………………once a year. 12. .............. your friends (be)………………………… students? Yes, they (be) .......................... 13. ................ the children (play)………………………………………… in the park at the moment? No, they aren’t. They (learn) ...................................... to play the piano. 14. …………………….you (go)………………………….. to school on Sundays? – Yes, I do. 15. My mother (cook) ………………………………………a meal now. She ( cook)…………………… everyday. 16. What……………………… your mother (do)…………………………. at this time? She (make)………………………………a dress. 17. ............. she often (go)…………………………… to the cinema every weekend? 18. I don’t know. But she always (go) ......................... to the church on Sundays. 19. The students (not be) ........................................... in class at present. 20. She always (wash) .................................... the dishes after meals. 21. I (do) ........................................... an exercise on the present tenses at this moment and I (think) ........................................... that I (know) ........................................... how to use it now. 22. My mother sometimes (buy) ........................................... vegetables at this market. 23. It (rain) ........................................... much in summer. It (rain) ........................................... now. 24. Daisy (cook) ........................................... some food in the kitchen at present. She always (cook) ........................................... in the morning.
Tài liệu bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi lớp TENSES Present simple S + V(s-es) (be): am- is- are S + don’t/ doesn’t +V1 S+ am not/ isn’t/ aren’t Present S + am/is/are + V-ing S+am/is/are(not)+V-ing progressive Everyday, usually, after school, never, often, sometimes, always, . Now, at the present, at the moment, at this time, Am/ Is/Are +S+V-ing? Look! Listen, !Be careful!. Hurry up! Do/Does + S+V1? Am/Is/Are + S+…? Give the correct form of these verbs: The sun (set) ……………………………………………………………………………in the West. It usually (rain) ……………………………………………………………………………in the summer. They (build) ……………………………………………………………………………. Bees (make) ……………………………………………………………honey. They (get) ……………………………………………………………………on the scale now. The earth (circle) ………………………………………………………the Sun once every 365 days. Rivers usually (flow) ………………………………………………… to the sea. Don’t worry. I (give) ……………………………him your message when I (see) ………………………… him. Look! Jane (play) ………………………… the guitar. Hurry up! The bus (come) …………………………… . I (not talk) …………………………………………………… to her at present. How often………………………… she (go) ………………………… fishing? - She (go) ……………………………………once a year. your friends (be)………………………… students? -Yes, they (be) the children (play)………………………………………… in the park at the moment? -No, they aren’t. They (learn) to play the piano. …………………….you (go)………………………… to school on Sundays? – Yes, I do. My mother (cook) ………………………………………a meal now. She ( cook)…………………… everyday. What……………………… your mother (do)…………………………. at this time? - She (make)………………………………a dress. . she often (go)…………………………… to the cinema every weekend? I don’t know. But she always (go) . to the church on Sundays. The students (not be) . in class at present. She always (wash) the dishes after meals. 21. I (do) . an exercise on the present tenses at this moment and I (think) . that I (know) . how to use it now. My mother sometimes (buy) . vegetables at this market. It (rain) . much in summer. It (rain) . now. 24. Daisy (cook) . some (cook) . in the morning. food in the kitchen at present. She always PARTS OF SPEECH OF WORD FORMS I. Danh từ (Nouns): 1. Đònh nghóa: Danh từ từ dùng để vật, việc người. 2. Phân loại danh từ: - Danh từ đếm (countable nouns): book, student, table, . - Danh từ không đếm (uncountable nouns): water, grass, information, - Danh từ đơn (simple nouns): war (chiến tranh), bus (xe buýt), - Danh từ kép (Compound nouns): world peace (hòa bình giới), bus station (trạm xe buýt), 3. Chức năng: a. Làm chủ ngữ (Subject-): The children go to school every day. b. Làm tân ngữ động từ giới từ: (Object): The mother gave a cake to her son c. Làm bổ ngữ cho chủ ngữ (Sau keep / seem/ be/ feel/ look) (Complement): He is my best friend. d. Làm bổ ngữ cho tân ngữ (Sau call/ select/ name/ ) We call him Tom II. Đại từ (Pronouns): 1. Đònh nghóa: Đại từ từ dùng thay cho danh từ. 2. Phân loại đại từ: a. Đại từ nhân xưng (Personal pronouns): có loại: - Đại từ làm chủ ngữ: I/ We/ You/ They/ She/ He/ It - Đại từ làm tân ngữ: me/ us/ you/ them/ her/ him/ it b. Đại từ đònh: This/ that/ these/ those c. Đại từ bất đònh: (Chỉ người) someone, somebody, no one, nobody, anyone, anybody, everyone (Chỉ vật) something, nothing, anything, everything 3. Chức năng: Giống danh từ III. Tính từ (Adjectives): 1. Đònh nghóa: từ dùng để miêu tả cho biết thêm chi tiết danh từ . 2. Phân loại: a. Tính từ miêu tả: SIZE + SHAPE + AGE + COLOR + NATIONAL + MATERIAL . (kích thước + hình dạng + tuổi + màu + quốc tòch + chất liệu) b. Tính từ sở hữu: my/ our / your / their / her / his/ its c. Tính từ số lượng: much/ little/ few/ a lot of / plenty of / each/ every/ another 3. Chức năng: a. Bổ nghóa cho danh từ: A beautiful girl b. Bổ nghóa cho đại từ: Something new c. Đứng sau keep / seem/ be/ feel/ look . vàbổ nghóa cho chủ ngữ; He looks happy. d. Đứng sau keep /make let + O + Adj vàbổ nghóa cho tân ngữ. We make our parents happy. IV. Trạng từ (Adverbs): 1. Đònh nghóa: từ dùng để diển tả tính cách, đặc tính, mức độ, . dùng để bổ nghóa cho động từ, tính từ, trạng từ khác cho câu. 2. Phân loại: a. Trạng từ thể cách: well, carefully, quickly, hard, fast b. Trạng từ thời gian: early/ late / yet/ now, today, yesterday, before, after, tomorrow . c. Trạng từ mức độ: too much/ too little/ very / extremely/ a lot / nearly d. Trạng từ đòa điểm: here/ there/ upstairs/ at home / in the garden . e. Trạng từ thường xuyên: always/ often/ usually/ sometimes/ hardly/ once a week . 3. Chức năng: a. Bổ nghóa cho tính từ: A very beautiful girl b. Bổ nghóa cho động từ: walk slowly; study hard; play well c. Bổ nghóa cho trạng từ: walk very slowly; study so hard; play quite well WORD FORM NOUN VERB ADJ PARTICIPLE ADV NOTE 1. Danh từ Động từ Tính từ Phân từ Nghĩa trạng từ 2. Anger Angry Angrily Giận 3. Attraction Attract Attractive Attracted Attractively Hấp dẫn 4. Beauty Beautify Beautiful Beautifully Đẹp 5. Business Busy Busily Bận việc 6. Care/ ful/ ness Care Careful/ less Carefully/ lessly Cẩn thận 7. Center Central Centrally Trung tâm 8. Collection Collect Collective Thu thập 9. Curiosity Curious Curiously Tò mò 10. Danger Endanger Dangerous Dangerously Nguy hiểm 11. Death Die Dead 12. Depth (độ sâu) Deepen (làm) Deep Deeply Sâu 13. Difference Differ Different Differently Khác Difficult Difficultly Khó khăn Excitingly Hào hứng 14. Difficulty 15. Excitement Excite exciting Cheat Excited/ ing 16. Friend/ - ship Friendly 17. Fluency Fluent Fluently Trôi chảy Harmful/ less Hại Mạnh khoẻ 18. Harm 19. Happiness Happy Harmlully/lessl y Happily 20. Health Healthy Healthily 21. Invention Harm (gây hại) Bạn bè Invent Inventory Hạnh phúc Phát minh 22. Laziness Lazy Lazily Lười biếng 23. Length Lengthen Long Dài 24. Nation/ ality Nationalize National Nước/ qtòch 25. Nature Naturalize Natural 26. Pollution Pollute 27. Practice Practice Practical 28. Prevention Prevent Preventable 29. Reason Reason Reasonable Reasonably Lý Scientific Scientifically Khoa học 30. Science/ Scientist Naturally Polluted Tự nhiên Ô nhiễm Practically Thực hành Ngăn cản 31. Strength Strengthen Strong Strongly Mạnh 32. Success Succeed Successful Successfully Thành công 33. Warmth Warn Warm Warmly Ấm áp 34. Width Widen Wide Widely Rộng 35. Wonder Wonder Wonderful Wonderfully Kì diệu I DENTIFICATION OF WORD FORMS I. Chọn danh từ: (đầu câu, sau độïng từ giới từ) − A, AN, THE THIS/ THAT/ THESE/ THOSE MY/ OUR / YOUR / THEIR / HER / HIS/ ITS EACH/ EVERY, BOTH , NO + NOUN (Danh từ) FEW, A FEW, LITTLE, A LITTLE, ENOUGH SOME/ ANY/ MANY, MUCH, A LOT OF THE MOST /BEST II. Chọn tính từ: Trước danh từ, sau linking verbs, - ADJ+ NOUN - KEEP / SEEM/ BE/ FEEL/ LOOK + ADJ: A happy girl always smiles. (happiness) - Linking verbs: He’s heavy. ( heaviness) III. Chọn trạng từ: Giữa chủ ngữ động từ / sau động từ thường, sau tân ngữ. đầu câu, . - I have recently received my friend’s letter. - S + ADV + V(thường): - The doctor told me to breathe in slowly. - S + V (+ O) + ADV - Suddenly, he saw an accident. - ADV, S + V IV. Chọn động từ: đứng sau chủ ngữ: - S + V: - My mother bought a new bike yesterday. V. Complete the sentences using the correct form of the words in brackets. He feels very ………… ……….………so he talks ………… ………. She looks………… ……….………in her new coat. He plays soccer ………… ……….……… Nam is always ………… .………. He is on his …… ….……… this week. Mr. Han is a ………… ……….……… driver. He drives ………… … I live on ………… ……….……… highland in Dalak. Hoa has a fine ………… ……….……… of stamp. His ………… ……….……… helps him successful. AIDS is a……… ……….disease Her parents’ ………… ……….……… makes her very sad. Mai understands me ………… ……….……… There is no ………… ……….……… between my answer and his. We have a lot of ………… ……….……… in learning English. The is an………… ……….……… football match this afternoon. We are very proud of our……… ………. He speaks English ………… ……….……… If you smoke, it is ………… ……….……… to you. She sent her best wishes for my future………… ……….……… He does exercise every morning, so he is very………… ……….……… Exercises ………… ……….………your health. ………… ……….………students don’t often succeed in the tests. Anger Attract Beauty Business Care Center Collect Curious Danger Death Depth Differ Difficult Excite Friend Fluency Harm Happiness Health Strong Laziness . ……… ……….are trying to find out new stars. Nam is very………… ……….……… and heavy. I don’t like hot weather. I like………… ……….……… weather Ha Long Bay is a ………… ……….……… Bay. Science Strength Warmth Wonder ADVERB CLAUSES OF TIME & REASON A. ADVERD CLAUSES OF TIME: Là mệnh đề trạng ngữ thời gian bắt đầu liên từ When, while, after/ before, as (khi), until (đến ) S +V+ When/ while/ after/ before/ as/until + S + V Chỉ tương lai: When he comes tomorrow, we will welcome him. Chỉ tại: When it’s hot, I go swimming. / As I come, he is eating. B. ADVERD CLAUSES OF REASON: Là mệnh đề trạng ngữ lý hay nguyên nhân bắt đầu liên từ : because/ since/ as (bởi vì) S + V + because/ since/ as + S + V Mr. Ba is late because/ since/ as she oversleeps. Because Lan and Ba don’t have a tent, they never go camping. C. Join two sentences into one, use because/ since/ as: Lan and Ba never go camping. , so they don’t have a tent . I stay at home. It rains. . Tan is late for school. He misses the bus. . The weather is fine. We have a picnic on the mountain. . I don’t have a bike, so I walk. . Nhan is free, so he flies his kites. . D. Join two sentences into one, use when/ while/ after/ before/ as/until: It is warm. I go fishing. (when) . My father is eating. My mother cooks. (while) . I take a bath first. Then I eat. (before) . Mr. Quang waits for the farmer. The farmer comes. (until) . He will come tomorrow. We will welcome him. (When) . You will go the museum. You will see a lot of valuable pictures. (When) . ARTICLES A. Mạo từ không xác đònh: A,AN 1. A An : đứng trước danh từ đếm số để giới thiệu điều chưa đề cập lần đầu. 2. An : đứng trước danh từ bắt đầu nguyên âm. A : đứng trước danh từ bắt đầu phụ âm. 3. Những danh từ ,luôn dùng với A 4. Những danh từ ,luôn dùng với AN B. Mạo từ xác đònh: THE Đứng trước danh từ đếm không đếm số hay nhiều để giới thiệu điều đề cập, bổ nghóa cụm giới từ with / of + N hay điều mà biết. The earth is round. (ai biết) The boy in the corner is my friend. The sugar on the table is sweet. ( nghóa riêng biệt) The tigers in Vietnam are in danger. Tên Nhiều hồ: The great Lakes Các đại dương: the Atlantic Ocean Các dòng sông: The red River Các vùng biển: The red Sea Tên dãy núi: the Andes, the rocky mountains Một vật/ người nhất: the earth, the moon, the sun, the Pope, the sky Tên trường học có: the School of Florida Tên trường đại học có: the University of Tên trường cao đẳng có: the College of Số thứ tự đứng trước danh từ: the first World War Tên nước gồm nhiều từ: the U.S, the U.K Tên nhạc cụ: the guitar, the piano Tên chiến: the Korean war A or An? The general rule is that we use a before a consonant and an before a vowel: a bowl, a car,a dog, but . an ant, an elephant, an insect, an orange, an urn But, what is important here is not the way a word is written, but the way it sounds. We choose a or an Examples A ball is round. I see a boy in the street. an apple, an inkpot, an engineer a book, a pen, house, a man, European, uniform, universal, university, union, eulogy, euphemism hour, heir, herbal, honor Không dùng mạo từ xác đònh: THE Trước danh từ không đếm số ít/ đếm số nhiều nói đên đặc điểm, chủng loại, giống nòi chung chung. Athletes must follow a well- balanced diet. Sugar is sweet. (nghóa chung chung) Tigers like fresh meat. Tên hồ số ít: Lake Geneva, Lake Erie Châu lục: Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia Tên núi: Mount Everest, Mount Pinatubo Tên hành tinh: Venus, Mars, Danh từ trừu tượng: freedom, happiness Tên trường học bắt đầu danh từ riêng: Quang Trung Secondary School Hung Vuong University, Hong Bang College Số đếm sau danh từ: World war one, chapter two Tên nước gồm từ: France, Vietnam Tên môn thể thao: baseball, volleyball, soccer Những từ không bò giới hạn nghóa: breakfast, lunch, dinner, church, school, college, home, work, hospital The definite article doesn't change. It is always the whether the noun is masculine, feminine or neuter, singular or plural. We use the definite article - the when we talk about a singular or plural noun which refers to a particular member of a a group. The woman.The man.The door.The doors. depending on the sound at the beginning of the word and whether it is a vowel sound or a consonant sound. For example, take the word uniform. Although it begins with a vowel - u - when we write it, when we say it the first sound is /y/ which is a consonant: uniform is pronounced ‘/junɪfɔːm/ so we say a uniform One word which is often confused is hotel. Some people pronounce this word as /həʊˈtɛl/ so they would write: a hotel. But other people pronounce this word as /əʊ ˈtɛl/ and so they would write: an hotel The Zero Article does not exist. It is a useful term to use when describing how to use articles. Essentially when we talk about the zero article, we mean that we don’t use any article in front of a noun. For example, when we use a noun with a preposition, we often not use an article (that is, we just use the noun on its own): I went to school but left my books at home. Mother was in church and father at sea; Grandfather came to dinner later by train and Grandmother managed to escape from prison to join us. When we talk about an institution, we use the zero article. Prior Reference We often use the after the noun has already been mentioned. For example: An Englishman, an Irishman and a Sctosman walk into a pub. The Englishman ordered a bitter; the Irishman ordered a Guiness and the Scotsman ordered a whisky. The first time we mention the noun we use the indefinite article and from then on we use the definite article. Known Reference If both speakers know what they are talking about they can use the even though the noun may not have been mentioned before. In other words, it is implied that the noun has already been mentioned. Excuse me, you know what the time is? Where's the toilet? In these examples, the speaker assumes that the listener knows what is being talked about. Miscellanous In addition, the is used in the following special circumstances Exceptions include: the Hague; the Matterhorn; the Mall; the White House, the United States of America We use the definite article - the - when we talk about a singular or plural noun which refers to a particular member of a a group. In this example the group is all men; we want to reference a particular man so we say: The man in the hat. Compare this with the indefinite article which refers to any man in the group: A man in a hat. parts of day/night days festivals seasons & months midnight, midday, noon, night Monday, Tuesday Easter Winter, February superlatives ordinals oceans, seas years 1961, 1995, 2000 inventions buildings Buckingham Palace, number 10 titles streets Acacia Avenue, Pall Mall, Sunset Boulevard rivers & canals airports Heathrow, Gatwick public buildings mountains London, New York, Tokyo, Sydney, Cairo Everest, K2, Mont Blanc countries America, Britain, Arabia continents Africa, Asia, America, Europe cities & towns newspapers families countries of union jobs beliefs people magazines 10 Joe, Mrs Smith Cosmopolitan, Time ships mountain chains the highest, the biggest, the oldest the third man, the sixth wife the Pacific, the Black Sea the wheel, the internal combustion engine the Queen, the President, the chairperson the Thames, the Nile, the Suez the Sheraton, the Red Lion, the Natural History Museum The Independent, The Daily Mirror, The Times the Browns, the Bushes the United States, the United Arab Emirates He is an artist and his wife is a plumber. He is a Buddhist and his wife is an atheist. the Bismarck, the Lusitanian the Alps, the Highlands 10 games football, tennis, bar billiards instruments nationalities 11 the piano, the bag pipes He is an American and she is a Swede. 11 COMPARISONS A/ So sánh bằng: (equality) S + V + AS ADJ/ ADV AS + S B/ So sánh hơn: (Comparatives) S + V + ADJ/ADV- ER + THAN + S2 Tính từ dài: S + V + MORE + ADJ/ ADV + THAN + S2 Tính từ ngắn: C/ So sánh nhất; (Superlatives) S + V + THE ADJ –EST + N. Tính từ dài: S + V + THE MOST + ADJ + N. Tính từ ngắn: This new house is as expensive as that one. He ran faster than his friends did. Films are more interesting than plays. Ex: He is more intelligent than Peter. Nam is the youngest student in his class Winter is the coldest in the year. Note: - Tính từ ngắn: vần vần như: happy, pleasant, quiet - Tính từ dài: tính từ vần trở lên : interesting, beautiful, expensive - So sánh tính từ đặc biệt: good → better/ the best; bad → worse/ the worst; little → less/ the least;many → more/ the most; far → farther/ further/ the farthest/ further 12 12 PREPOSITIONS With IN: the morning, august, summer, 2006, uniform, hospital, bed, the world, debt, prison, English, the center of, the middle of, some ways, addition, Vietnam, London, ink, the past/ future, case With ON: Monday, Saturday morning, holiday, radio, subject, foot, a farm, a chair, the beach, the phone, Christmas Day, the occasion, the south coast of, a picnic, the way to, time, a street, a floor, the right/ left, sale, the corner With AT: o’clock, first, last, present, the moment, 16 years old, the age of (15), home, school, the bus stop, the same time, a party, Mary’s house, the end of, the beginning of, night, least, once, times, work With others: for a week/ fun/ reading/ a walk - from Paris to London, from nine to five- By Nguyen Du, by shooting, by then, by the way, by far, by accident by car/ bus/ taxi/ plane - with smoke, with hands, out of date/ work/ order ADJ+ Prep: amazed, amused, delighted at – afraid of, angry with, bad at, good at, different from, fond to, familiar with, famous for, proud of, interested in, kind to/ of, pleased with, useful for, worried about, similar to, accustomed to VERBS + Prep: borrow from, compare with, crowd into, laugh at, look at/ after/ for/up, prepare for, participate, think of ,prefer .to, succeed in, take part in, take care of, tell about, take to about, tune into, keep in touch, consist of NOUN + Prep: love for, habit of/ aspect of, sight of, means of, reason for, method of, pair of 13 13 SOME SENTENCE PATTERNS 1. S + V + Adj/ n ( be, look, keep, seem, taste, sound, become) 2. S + V + Adv (walk, drive, talk, close, rise. come) 3. S + V + O + adv ( watch, read, meet, make, see) 4. S + V + O + C (make, elect, declare, consider…) ( think, believe, find) (keep, make, let, have) (regard, recognize, appoint, consider) 5. S + V + I.O + D.O = S + V + D.O+ to/ for + I.O (give, teach, show, award, offer, lend +to // buy, make+ for) 6. S + V + prep + O (look at, wait for, cope with, rely on, depend on, complain/talk about, smile at…) 7. S + V + prep + O = S + V + O (pro) + prep (put on/off, take off, turn on /off, throw away, see off 8. S + V + O + noun clause (learn, know, show, discover, decide, understand…) 9. There (be) + noun + prep phrase 14 Jack looked very worried. The food tastes delicious. He is careful. He drives slowly. He watched T.V every night. We made Frank armchair. I find the lesson too boring. Sad movie makes me cry. They regard him as an excellent player. Mary teaches me English.= He teaches English to me My mother bought me a hat. = She bought it for me I have been waiting for you for an hour. He looks at himself in the mirror. He puts on his shoes. = He puts them on. I turn on the light, and then I turn it off. I can understand what you said. He showed me where the bank was. There is some water in the jar. There were many students in the yard. 14 EXPRESSIONS OF QUALITY - SOME: Trong câu khẳng đònh/ lời mời: - Dùng với danh từ số không đếm sốâ nhiều đếm được: Ex: I like some milk. Would you like some milk? - ANY: Trong câu phủ đònh nghi vấn - Dùng với danh từ số không đếm sốâ nhiều đếm được: Ex: I don’t like any milk. Do you like any milk? * Các đại từ someone, somebody, something, noone, nothing, nobody, anyone, anything, anybody, everyone, everything, everybody dùng theo cách trên. Chú ý No = Not + any: nobody = not any body 3. MANY / A LARGE NUMBER OF/ A GREAT NUMBER OF/: (nhiều) Dùng với danh từ sốâ nhiều đếm được: Ex: He has many books. Ex: A large number of students in our school are good. 4. MUCH / A LARGE AMOUNT OF/ A GREAT DEAL OF /: (nhiều) Dùng với danh từ số không đếm được: Ex: He has much time to play. Ex: A large amount of * How much/ How many dùng theo cách trên: Ex: How many eggs does she want? - She wants a dozen eggs. Ex: How much beef you want? - I want 200grams of beef. 5. PLENTY OF/ A LOT OF / LOTS OF (nhiều) Dùng với danh từ đếm không đếm được: Ex: He has plenty of books. Ex: He has plenty of time to play. * Very/ too/ so/ as + many/ much + noun Ex: There is too much bad news on T.V tonight 6. FEW / A FEW/ LITTLE / A LITTLE: (ít, ít, vài) → → A. FEW: (rất ý phủ đònh) + Dùng với danh từ sốâ nhiều đếm Ex: I feel lonely because I have a few friends there. C. LITTLE: (rất ý phủ đònh) + Dùng với danh từ sốâ không đếm Ex: I have very little time for reading. B. A FEW: (một vài ý khẳng đònh) + Dùng với danh từ sốâ nhiều đếm Ex: You can see a few houses on the hill. D. A LITTLE: (một ít, chút ý khẳng đònh) + Dùng với danh từ sốâ không đếm Ex: I need a little help to move these books. → 7. More, less, fewer: A. FEWER: So sánh (few - a few) - Dùng kèm với danh từ đếm số nhiều S + V + fewer + ADJ / Noun + than + S Ex: He has fewer days off than we. → B. LESS: So sánh (little - a little) - Dùng kèm với danh từ không đếm kèm với tính từ S + V + Less + ADJ / Noun + than + S Ex: He is less scared now. Do you have less free time than Hoa? C. MORE: So sánh (a lot of / many /much) - Dùng kèm với danh từ đếm không đếm Ex: Do you have more hours than Hoa? - Dùng kèm với tính từ dài (Từ vần trở lên) - S + V + More + ADJ / Noun + than + S. 15 15 Ex: He is more tired than I. 8. MOST / MOST OF: (Phần lớn, hầu hết) A. MOST + NOUN ( số nhiều :Most children / không đếm được: Most coffee) Ex: Most children are fond of sweets. Ex: Most coffee is new and good. B. MOST OF + MY/ HIS/ HER/ YOU/ THEIR/ THE / THIS/ THAT/ THESE/ THOSE + N Ex: Most of the boys in my class want to play soccer. 16 16 READING D. Read and answer the questions: I. Hi, My name is pike and this is my son. He learns in a big school in London. He goes to school from Monday to Friday and doesn’t go to school at the weekend. At school, he studies may things. He is very much interested in math and Physics because they are his favorite subject. At recess, Peter often plays basketball and he plays it very well. He sometimes plays soccer after school. In his free time, he always listens to music and he learns to play the guitar. He hopes he will become an engineer in the future. Where does Peter learn? What subject does he like? What does he at recess? What does he in his free time? . Does Peter want to be an engineer or a singer? . II We are all destroying the earth. The sea and the rivers are too dirty to swimming in. There is so much smoke in the air that it is unhealthy to live in many of world’s cities. We have cut down so many trees that there are now vast areas of wasteland all over the world. As a result, farmers in parts of Africa can’t grow enough rice to eat. Wild animals are quickly disappearing. We must save the earth. a) Are we are all destroying the earth? . b) What are too dirty to swimming in? c) Why is it unhealthy to live in many of world’s cities? d) What disappear quickly? e) What should we now? . III. I’m Linh, Pham Thuy Linh. I am a new student of 7A class in Nguyen Du secondary school. I am thirteen and I come from Hoa Binh. I have a brother and a sister. They are 500 students at a high school in Hoa Binh. I live with my aunt at 20 Le Loi Street. She often brings me to school by motorbike every day. It is more than two kilometers from my aunt’s house to my school. It takes us ten minutes to go these. My telephone number is 871374. SURVERY FORM Family name: ……… .………………………… Brothers and sister:………… ………… Name(s): ………………… .……………… Address : …………… .………… Age: ………………………… .……… Telephone number: ……… ………… Grade: ……………………………… Distance : …………… …… School: .……………………………… Means of transport: .………………… Time: ………………… .……… IV. My name is Lan. I am 12 years old. I am a student at Hoang Dieu School. My father is a farmer. He grows vegetables and raises cattle on our farm in the countryside. My mother is a teacher. She is always busy at school. I have an elder sister, Mai. She is a nurse, and she works in a hospital. I love my family very much. 2. How old is Lan? ………………… ………………………………………………………………… .… 3. Who is always busy at school? ………………… ………………………………………………………………… .… 17 17 4. , What does Lan s father grow? ………………… ………………………………………………………………… .……… 5. Where does Mai work? ………………… ………………………………………………………………… . 18 18 [...]... Dùng với danh từ sốâ ít không đếm được Ex: I have very little time for reading B A FEW: (một vài ý khẳng đònh) + Dùng với danh từ sốâ nhiều đếm được Ex: You can see a few houses on the hill D A LITTLE: (một ít, một chút ý khẳng đònh) + Dùng với danh từ sốâ ít không đếm được Ex: I need a little help to move these books → 7 More, less, fewer: A FEWER: So sánh hơn của (few - a few) - Dùng kèm với danh từ... 200grams of beef 5 PLENTY OF/ A LOT OF / LOTS OF (nhiều) Dùng với danh từ đếm được và không đếm được: Ex: He has plenty of books Ex: He has plenty of time to play * Very/ too/ so/ as + many/ much + noun Ex: There is too much bad news on T.V tonight 6 FEW / A FEW/ LITTLE / A LITTLE: (ít, một ít, một vài) → → A FEW: (rất ít ý phủ đònh) + Dùng với danh từ sốâ nhiều đếm được Ex: I feel lonely because I have a... in the jar There were many students in the yard 14 EXPRESSIONS OF QUALITY 1 - SOME: Trong câu khẳng đònh/ lời mời: - Dùng với danh từ số ít không đếm được và sốâ nhiều đếm được: Ex: I like some milk Would you like some milk? 2 - ANY: Trong câu phủ đònh và nghi vấn - Dùng với danh từ số ít không đếm được và sốâ nhiều đếm được: Ex: I don’t like any milk Do you like any milk? * Các đại từ someone, somebody,... cách trên Chú ý No = Not + any: nobody = not any body 3 MANY / A LARGE NUMBER OF/ A GREAT NUMBER OF/: (nhiều) Dùng với danh từ sốâ nhiều đếm được: Ex: He has many books Ex: A large number of students in our school are good 4 MUCH / A LARGE AMOUNT OF/ A GREAT DEAL OF /: (nhiều) Dùng với danh từ số ít không đếm được: Ex: He has much time to play Ex: A large amount of * How much/ How many cũng dùng theo cách... S Ex: He has fewer days off than we → B LESS: So sánh hơn của (little - a little) - Dùng kèm với danh từ không đếm được hoặc kèm với tính từ S + V + Less + ADJ / Noun + than + S Ex: He is less scared now Do you have less free time than Hoa? C MORE: So sánh hơn của (a lot of / many /much) - Dùng kèm với danh từ đếm được hoặc không đếm được Ex: Do you have more hours than Hoa? - Dùng kèm với tính từ dài... coffee) Ex: Most children are fond of sweets Ex: Most coffee is new and good B MOST OF + MY/ HIS/ HER/ YOU/ THEIR/ THE / THIS/ THAT/ THESE/ THOSE + N Ex: Most of the boys in my class want to play soccer 16 16 READING D Read and answer the questions: I Hi, My name is pike and this is my son He learns in a big school in London He goes to school from Monday to Friday and doesn’t go to school at the weekend... good → better/ the best; bad → worse/ the worst; little → less/ the least;many → more/ the most; far → farther/ further/ the farthest/ further 12 12 PREPOSITIONS With IN: the morning, august, summer, 20 06, uniform, hospital, bed, the world, debt, prison, English, the center of, the middle of, some ways, addition, Vietnam, London, ink, the past/ future, case With ON: Monday, Saturday morning, holiday,... beach, the phone, Christmas Day, the occasion, the south coast of, a picnic, the way to, time, a street, a floor, the right/ left, sale, the corner With AT: 5 o’clock, first, last, present, the moment, 16 years old, the age of (15), home, school, the bus stop, the same time, a party, Mary’s house, the end of, the beginning of, night, least, once, times, work With others: for a week/ fun/ reading/ a walk... consider…) ( think, believe, find) (keep, make, let, have) (regard, recognize, appoint, consider) 5 S + V + I.O + D.O = S + V + D.O+ to/ for + I.O (give, teach, show, award, offer, lend +to // buy, make+ for) 6 S + V + prep + O (look at, wait for, cope with, rely on, depend on, complain/talk about, smile at…) 7 S + V + prep + O = S + V + O (pro) + prep (put on/off, take off, turn on /off, throw away, see off . bought a new bike yesterday. V. Complete the sentences using the correct form of the words in brackets. He feels very ………… ……….………so he talks ………… ………. Anger She looks………… ……….………in her new coat we say a uniform One word which is often confused is hotel. Some people pronounce this word as /həʊˈtɛl/ so they would write: a hotel. But other people pronounce this word as /əʊ ˈtɛl/ and. doors. 9 9 depending on the sound at the beginning of the word and whether it is a vowel sound or a consonant sound. For example, take the word uniform. Although it begins with a vowel - u - when