Revision of the second team examination the 8th form A Summary the Grammar nores I Tenses Simle past (thì khứ đơn ) to be _ was : S : I , She , He ,It , N ( my father ) Were S : you , we , they , Ns ( my brothers ) * Form : A : S + was / were + C N : S + was not / were not + C I : Was / Were + S + C ? “ordinary verb ” : Ved - Ex : looked ,liked , invented V2 - Ex : see – saw , buy – bought , wrhite – wrote A : S + Ved / V2 + O N : S + didn’t + V1 + O I : Did + S + V1 + O ? * C¸ch sư dơng:diƠn tả hành động đà xảy khứ đà kết thúc Trong câu thờng có tr¹ng tõ chØ thêi gian sau : yesterday, last night , last + thø ( last Sunday ) , last year, last month, last week , ago, when I was young Past progressive tense (Thì khứ tiếp diƠn ) Form : Was / Were + Ving *C¸ch sử dụng - Diễn tả hành động xảy điểm thời gian xác định khứ , c©u thêng cã cơm tõ : at + sè + o’clock + thêi gian qu¸ khø ( at o’clock yesterday ) S + Was / Were + Ving + at + sè + o’clock + thêi gian qu¸ khø Ex : I was watching TV at at o’clock yesterday - DiÔn ta hành động xảy bị làm gián đoạn hành động khác Hành động xảy dùng khứ tiếp diễn hành động làm gián đoạn dùng khứ đơn Thêng dïng víi hai liªn tõ : While , when Form : When + S + Ved / V2 + O , S + was / were + Ving While + S + was / were + Ving , S + Ved / V2 + O 3.Present progressive tense ( tiếp diễn với always Form : am/ is/ are + Ving ã Cách sử dụng : diễn tả hành động xảy vào lúc nói , thờng có trạng từ thời gian nh : now, at the moment, at the present - Present progressive tense with “always ” ( th× hiƯn t¹i tiÕp diƠn víi “ always” ) Form : am/ is / are + always + Ving C¸ch sư dơng : tá sù than phiỊn hay phµn nµn vỊ mét vấn đề Ex : Nam is always watching TV Present perfect tense :(Thì hoàn thµnh ) Form : have / has + Pp Chó ý : Have : S = you , they , we , I , Ns ( my sisters ) Has : S = She , He , It, N ( my father ) Pp Ved V3 ã Cách sử dụng : a Diễn tả hành động xảy khứ kéo dài đến đến tơng lai với For since Form : S + have / has + Pp + for + kho¶ng thêi gian ( for weeks ) S + have / has + Pp + since + mèc thêi gian ( since 1990 ) Ex : I have learned English for years He has learned English since 2004 b Diễn tả hành động đà xảy nhng không rõ thời gian với trạng từ already ” Form : S + have / has + already + Pp Ex : I have already done my homework c Diễn tả hành động cha xảy cha hoàn tất với not yet Form : S + have / has + not + Pp yet ( have not = haven’t , has not = hasn’t ) Ex : I have not done my homework yet d Dïng c©u nghi vấn với yet đứng cuối câu Form : Have / Has + S + Pp + yet ? e Diễn tả hành động vừa xảy víi “ just” Form : S + have / has + just + Pp + O Ex : I have just finished my homework II.passive voice ( dạng bị động ) + Cách sử dụng :câu bị động đợc sử dụng chủ từ chịu tác động hành ®éng cña ®éng tõ ( it is used when the Subject is affected by the action of the verb.) + Cách chuyển đổi từ câu chủ động sang câu bị ®éng (How to change an active Sent to a passive Sent ) Active : S + V + O Passive : Eg: I S + be + Pp+ write a letter O a letter is written by me Chó ý : S O I me You you We us She her He him They them It it Pp _ Ved V3 - by people , by them , by someone đợc bỏ a Thì đơn ( Passive Form in the present Simple.) S + is / are / am + past participle + by + O Ex: She buys a new hat yesterday A new hat is bought by her yesterday b Thì khứ đơn ( simple Past ) S + was / were + Pp + by + O Ex: She bought a new hat A new hat was bought by her c Thì hoàn thành ( present perfecr tense ) S + have / has +been + Pp + by + O Ex: She has just bought a new hat A new hat has been just bought by her d §éng tõ khiÕm khuyÕt (Modal verb : will, shall, can , could , may , might , could , should , have to / has to , ought to ) A : S + Mv + V( inf ) + O P: S + Mv + be + Pp + by +O Ex : She will buy a new hat A new hat will be bought by her e Thì tiếp diễn ( present progressive tense ) A : S + am / is /are + Ving + O P : S + am /is / are + being + Pp + by + O Ex : She is writing a letter A letter is being written by her f Thì khứ tiÕp diÔn ( past progressive tense ) A : S + was / were + Ving + O P : S + was / were + being + Pp + by + O Ex : She was writing a letter at o’clock last night A letter was being written by her at o’clock last night III Reported speech.( câu gián tiếp ) A Quy tắc chung Direct speech(lêi nãi trùc tiÕp ):lµ lêi nãi cđa mét ngêi đợc thuậtn lại nguyên văn Ex : Mary said to me “ our teacher will give us a test Indirect speech(lời nói gián tiếp ): lời ngời thuật lại với từ cách nói ngời thuật lại nhng ý nghĩa không thay đổi Ex : Mary said to me our teacher would give us a test Lêi nãi trùc tiÕp hay lêi nãi gi¸n tiÕp gåm cã hai phần + mệnh đề trờng thuật ( mệnh đề chÝnh ) + Lêi nãi trùc tiÕp hay lêi nãi gi¸n tiÕp Ex : Henry said : “ I’m studying law next year ” mƯnh ®Ị trêng tht Lêi nãi trùc tiÕp Ex : Henry said (that ) he was studying law the next year ” mƯnh ®Ị trêng thuËt lêi nãi gi¸n tiÕp Mét sè thay đổi đổi từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp a Đại từ làm chủ từ I He / She We they You they ,he , she b Đại từ làm tân ngữ me him / her us their you them her , him c Đại từ së h÷u my his / her our their you their , her , him * §éng tõ têng thuËt cã túc từ : chủ từ câu trực tiếp đợc đổi theo tân ngữ động từ tờng thuật Ex : He said to me “ You the test very well ” He told to me (that ) I did the test very well Tom said to Mary : “ It’s veru kind of you ” Tom told Mary ( that ) It was very kind of her * Chủ từ câu trực tiếp thứ ba sè : She , He , It , They đổi sang câu gián tiếp ta không thay ®ỉi Ex : He said : “ She’s a nice person ” He said that she was a nice person d.Thay đổi : Khi động từ tờng thuật khứ đơn , thông thờng động từ câu trực tiếp đổi sang câu gián tiếp phải lui khứ tơng ứng Direct speech Indirect speech Simple present Simple Past ( am / is / are ) ( was / were ) ( V/ Vs / es ) ( Ved / V2 ) Present progressive Past progressive ( am/ is / are + Ving ) ( was / were + Ving ) Will would Can could Shall should Have to had Must had May might Ought to ought to Could could Should should * Khi động từ tờng thuật đơn hay tơng lai đơn , hoàn thành câu trực tiếp đổi sang câu gián tiếp không thay đổi ( giữ nguyên động từ câu trực tiếp ) e Một số thay đổi khác Direct speech Indirect speech Now then Ago before Today that day Yesterday the day before, Tomorrow the next day , the following day Last night the night before week the week before month the month before here there this that these those * Note : This / these + tõ chØ thêi gian that / those + tõ chØ thêi gian Ex : this morning that morning This / these + danh tõ ( noun ) the + danh tõ ( noun ) Ex : this book that book B Các dạng câu 1.Câu mệnh lệnh câu yêu cầu Câu gián tiếp Will you + bare inf + O ,please ?” S + asked + O + to inf + O / A “Can you + bare inf + O , please ?” told “Please + bare inf + O ” ordered “Would you like + to inf + O ” Ex :”Will you hand me a book ?” She asked me to hand her a book Ex : “ Clean the bike ” He said to Nam He asked Nam to clean the bike 2.MƯnh lƯnh phđ ®Þnh ( negative commands ) Don’t + bare inf + O / A ,please S + asked + O + not to inf + O / A told ordered Ex : “ Don’t talk in class ” teacher said to the children Teacher asked the children not to talk in class Yes / No question Khi đổi câu hỏi Yes / No question sang câu gián tiếp ta thùc hiƯn mét sè bíc sau : a Dïng ®éng tõ ask ë mƯnh ®Ị chÝnh ( hay mƯnh ®Ị têng tht ) b Thªm If hay Whether sau mệnh đề tờng thuật, đa câu hỏi dạng câu khẳng định ( động từ thờng ta bỏ trợ động từ Do / Does ) c Thực số thay đổi theo quy tắc chung d Bá dÊu hái ë cuèi c©u * Yes / No – question víi ®éng tõ “ to be “ “ is /am/are + S + C ? ” S + asked + (O) + If / Whether + S + was / were + C Ex : “ Are you late ? ” he said to me He asked me If I was late * Yes / No – question víi Modal verb ( can , will , could .) “ M.v + S + Vinf + O ?” S + asked + O + If / Whether + S + Mv + Vinf + O Ex : “ Can you sing a song ? ” he said to me He asked me If / whether I could sing a song * Yes / No – question víi ®éng tõ thêng ( ordinary verb ) “ Do / does + S + Vinf + O ? ” S + asked + O + If / whether + S + Ved / V2 + O Ex : “ Does she buy a new book ? ” Lan said to me Lan asked me If / Whether she bought a new book Wh- question Khi đổi câu hỏi Wh question sang câu gián tiếp ta thực số bớc sau : a Giữ lại từ để hỏi sau mệnh đề tờng thuật, đa phần lại câu hỏi dạng câu khẳng định ( động từ thờng ta bỏ trợ động từ Do / Does ) Hoặc với động từ thờng ta bỏ chủ từ , trợ từ đa động từ dạng động từ nguyên mẫu có to để nối tiếp vào với từ để hỏi c Thực số thay đổi theo quy tắc chung d Bá dÊu hái ë cuèi c©u “ Wh + be + S + C ? ” “ Wh + /does / Mv + S + Vinf + O ? ” S + V +(O ) + Wh + S + be + C Wh + S + (Mv ) + V + O Wh + to inf + O Ex : “Where is your bike ?” he said to me He asked me where my bike was “ What you buy ?”he said to me He asked me what I bought to buy Ex “Where is your bike ?” he say to me He asks me where my bike is “ What you buy ?”he say to me He asks me what I buy to buy IV Một số mẫu câu khác Mẫu câu với động từ S + V + to inf + O Ex : She want to buy a new pen S + Mv + Bare inf + O Ex : She can sing a song S + V + Ving + O Ex : She enjoys watching TV ( Sau động từ sau động tõ thªm ing : enjoy , love, like , hate , mind , suggest , sau giới từ ) Câu yêu cầu với Mind Would you mind + Ving + O ? ( yêu cầu ngời khác làm ) Do you mind Would you mid If I + Ved / V2 + O ?(đề nghị làm ) Do you mind If I + V1 / Vs/es In order to / so as to + V ( bare inf ) : diƠn t¶ mơc ®Ých Ex: He does morning exercises in order to keep fit MÉu c©u víi tÝnh tõ a S + be + adj + to inf Ex : I’m glad to see you again Mét sè tÝnh tõ chØ cảm giác ( happy , glad , sad , bored , surprised ) tính từ : sure , certain, right, careful, lucky, wrong đợc theo sau ®éng tõ nguyªn mÉu cã ‘to ’ b S + be + (that ) + Clause ( S + V ) Ex : I’m glad that you can make it 5.- ED and ING Participle (quá khứ phân từ phân từ ) đợc sử dụng nh tính tõ dïng ®Ĩ rót gän mƯnh ®Ị tÝnh tõ Ex : The boy is in my class He is reading a book ( Ving ) The boy reading a book is in my class Ex There are many books They are written in English ( Pp ) There are many books written in English Ex : The old lamp is five dollars It was made in China The old lamp made in China is five dollars Compound adjective.( tÝnh tõ kÐp )Lf _ P 130 Use : to form a compound Adj Form : noun + Verb – ing Ex : fire – making Ex : It is a contest in which participants have to make fire It’s a fire making contest B Exercises I Change the following sentences into passive voice Mr Tuan delivered the speech yesterday Turn off the computer at night I clean the floor everyday My mother bought this dress this morning She did this exercise tow days ago They send him abroad to study chemistry Nobody has used this room for a long time Someone has stolen my bike He has just received a letter from his parents 10 She will buy this house 11 They are building my house 12 Lan was making my new dress at this time yesterday II Put the verbs in the brackets into the correct rense She ( come ) to France years ago I ( just send ) the letter He ( work ) for that company for years I ( graduate ) from Hue University last year Tom (play ) football every afternoon I (cook ) in the kitchen when he came in Mai ( attend ) a meeting at the moment I ( help) Him whenever he needs III Make complete sentences using the given cues you / send / letter / yet ? Nile / longest / river / in / world Hoa / salary / high / than / Tom/s He / work / hard / order/ pass / exam IV Put the following verbs into the correct form- Ving or To- Inf She told me how (make ) the cake The man ( stand ) near the door is my brother Do you mind ( tell) me her address ? My father decided ( go ) abroad Could you please tellme where ( buy ) this book ? It’s difficult (do) this project ? V Fill in the blank with a suitable word She was cooking the phone rang Would you mind I smoked here ? Mary used be a good student Yesterday was hottest day during this month I sat in the first row so to clearly hear his lecture she asked me when depart IV Complete the paragraph with the words from the box than for manufacturers copying part cheaper Many people buy and use copied programs their coputer This illegal of computer software has become a huge industry because the software is much than the original programs Illegal solfware can be found on sale in any of the world, although it is more readily available in Asia in Western countries Software have been trying to get goverments to stop this copying or “ pirating ” V Choose the correct world in parentheses I was having dinner ( when / while / as ) my mother was cleaning the floor We are (delight/ delighting / delighted ) that you pass your final examation Would you like ( go/ to go / going ) to the cinema tonight ? Thanks ( for / to / at ) inviting me to the festival Football is (play/ playing / played ) all over the world Mai asked Hoa ( whether / to / about ) she new Hoi An VI Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets 1.Mary ( find ) a five – pound note while she ( walk ) to school yesterday I ( just finish ) reading War and Peace It’s a brilliant book I (not be ) at work tomorrow ,I’m taking the day off How long you (be ) a nurse ,Mss Lan ? For years While Peter (drive ) home late last night he ( run) out off the petrol She always (get ) up early to study her lessons VII Rewrite each sentence, beginging as shown , so that the meaning stays the same She invites me to the party I “ Do many tourists visit Phong Nha Cave every year ,Lan ?”Mai asked Mai asked Lan I started playing the piano two years ago I have “ I sometimes work on Sundays ” Huong said Huong said 5.They told him to stay home for three days He was VII Use these key words to write meaning sentences It / not difficult / translate / this sentence/ English You / mind / lend / me / dictionary ? New bicycle /make / Japan / be / expensive you / see / film / Jurassic Park / yet ? VIII Complete each sentence with a correct preposition Can I help you your bag ,Lan ? We are looking forward to seeing you June Today we went an eight- hour tour When I arrived school , it began to rain IX Read the paragraph and answer the questions An increasing number of people are now going on holiday to Egypt Last year , for example , about one and a half million tourists visited Egypt The population of Egypt is about fifty million and the capital is El Qahira( Cairo ) , a busy city os just under nine million people Although the climate is hot nad dry and most of the country is desert , the average temperature from Octobor to March is not too high The most famous sights are the pyramids at Giza Are there many visitors to Egypt every year ? What is the climate in Egypt like ? What are the famous sights in egypt ? X.Choose the correct word(s) to complete the sentences Would you mind ( close / to close/ closing ) the window ? The ambulance will be there ( in / at / for ) about 10 munites We collect empty cans and bottles ( in order to / so that / for ) recycling John is interested ( in /on / at ) the history of Vietnam The boy ( to read / reading / read ) the book is Ba She hasn’t finished the letter ( already / just / yet / never ) Lan’s studying hard pass the final exam ( for / in order to so to , as to ) It’s too cold outside Would you mind The window ? ( to close, close , closing , closed ) I am happy all the exam ( passing , pass, passed, to pass ) 10 The teacher to the principal is my English teacher ( talks is talking , talking , to talk ) 11 The bike in Japan is US$ 100( making, made , is making , to make ) 12 We dinner when the phone rang ( are having, had , have had , were having ) XI Put the verbs in brackets into the correct forms All the in the debate had a chance to speak ( PARTI CIPATE ) He is the only that has not run this race before ( COMPETE) Laszlo Biro The pen- point pen ( INVENTION ) The of Christmas tree is indispensable at Christmas (DECORATE ) XII.Make the sentences from the words given Early this morning / children / decide / go / a run Sydney opera / complete / 1973 The road / join / two villages / be / narrow XIII Put the verbs into the correct forms ( in active or passive ) Nylon ( invent ) in early 1930s by an American chemist, Julian Hill Other scientists ( work ) with his invention and finally on 27 Octorber 1938, nylon (introduce ) to the world It was cheap and strong and immediately ( become ) successful, especial in making old ladies’ stockings During the Second World War , it (use) to make parachutes and tyres Today ,nylon ( find ) in many things : carpets, ropes, seat bells, furniture, computers and event space parts for the human body It ( play ) an important part in our lives for over 50 years Next year, about 2.6 million tons of nylon ( manufacture ) XIV Rewrite the following sentences , beginning as shown , so that the meaning stays the same The window which was broken in the storm last night has now been repaired The window “ Do many tourists visit My Son every year ” Nam asked Lan Nam asked Lan The French civil Alexandra Gustarve designed and built Eiffel Tower in 1889 Eiffel Tower Could you send this letter for me ? Do you mind We learn English because we want to read English books In order to They asked me some difficult questions at the interview I Janet’s colleagues gave her a present when she retired Janet Nobody told me that George was ill I wasn’t How much will they pay you ? How much will you 10 I think they should offer Tom the job I think Tom 11 Has anybody shown you what to ? Have you 12 The sister asked : “ Are you hungry , Tom ?” The sister asked 13 “ how you go to school ? ” the old woman asked me The old woman asked me 14 This is a machine which is used to wash clothes 10 This is a 11 ... speech Now then Ago before Today that day Yesterday the day before, Tomorrow the next day , the following day Last night the night before week the week before month the month before here there this... Put the following verbs into the correct form- Ving or To- Inf She told me how (make ) the cake The man ( stand ) near the door is my brother Do you mind ( tell) me her address ? My father... IV Complete the paragraph with the words from the box than for manufacturers copying part cheaper Many people buy and use copied programs their coputer This illegal of computer software has