TCVN TCVN 8419:2010 CONG TRiNH THUY LO'I - THII:T KI: CONG TRiNH • BAa vI: 80 SONG £)~ CHONG LO . HA NOI- 2010 Trang Lai n6i d~u 4 1 Phl;tmvi ap dl,.!ng 5 2 £>inhnghia va phAn lol;ticong trinh bao v~ ba song 5 3 Tai Ii~u phl,.!cVI,.!thi~t k~ cong trinh bao v~ ba 6 3.1 Tai Ii~u dja hinh 6 3.2 £>jachAt oong trinh 7 3.3 Thuy van cong trinh va thuy h,rc 7 4 CAutl;tOva cac tieu chuan ky thu~t cua oong trinh bao v~ ba song 8 4.1 Ke lat mai 8 4.1.1 CAutl;tOcua ke lat maL 8 4.1.2 Vi triophl;tmvi va quy mo ke lat mai 8 4.1.3 Thi~t k~ chAn ke: 9 4.1.4 Thi~t k~ thAn ke 13 4.1.5 Thi~t k~ dinh ke: 16 4.2 Ke mo han 16 4.2.1 Ke me han clrng dU'Q'cSLrdl,.!ngtrong nhung trU'ang hQ'psau: 16 4.2.2 CO'sa cho vi~c thi~t k~ ke me han• 17 4.2.3 Cac thong s6 ky thu~t cO'ban cua ke me han clrng 17 4.2.4 Phl;tmvi ba song c~n bao v~ bAng ke me han 17 4.2.5 Vj trios6 1U'Q'ng.kich thU'cYccua ke me han 17 4.2.6 Kich thU'cYccO'ban cua ke me han dU'Q'cxac djnh nhU'sau 18 4.2.7 £>6ivcYike me han bAng dAt bQcdlL 22 . 4.2.8 Thi~t k~ lat mai g6c ke me han 22 4.3 Ke m~m 24 4.3.1 Thi~t k~ bai cAy chim : 24 4.3.2 Thi~t k~ me han cQc 26 TCVN 8419:2010 dU'Q'eehuy~n dOi tlJ' 14 TCN-84-91 theo quy dinh tl;li khoan 1 ei!u 69 eua Lu~t Tieu ehu~n va Quy ehu~n ky thu~t va di~m a khoan 1 eit\u 7 Nghi dinh sO 127/2007/Ne-Cp ngay 1/8/2007 eua Chinh phu quy djnh chi ti!t thi hanh mOtsO dit\u eua Lu~t Tieu ehu~n va Quy ehu~n ky thu~t. TCVN 8419:2010 do Vien Khoa hoc thuy lQ'iViet Nam bien SOl;ln, So NOngnghiep va Phat tri~n NOngthOndt\ nghi, TOngeve Tieu ehu~n eo 1U'6'ngChAt 1U'Q'ngth~m djnh, So Khoa hoc va COng nghe eOngbO. b) a nhCl'ngvung chU'a c6 de, dl,J'avao tam quan trQng v~ kinh t~, chinh trj va xii h¢i d~ xac dinh cap cOng trinh bao v~ ba sOng, theo quy djnh phap lu~t, tieu chuan, quy chuan hi~n hanh v~ xsy dl,J'ngva vi~c phsn cap cOng trinh xsy dl,J'ng; c) Khi cOng trinh bao v~ ba cau thanh m¢t b¢ ph~n cua m~t cat de. thi cap cOng trinh bao v~ ba sOng dU'Q'Clay bAng cap de d6. H~ s6 On djnh cho phep cua cOng trinh bao v~ ba dU'Q'Clay bAng h~ s6 On djnh cho phep cua de c6 cap tU'O'ngdU'O'ng. 2.2 Phin loti cong trinh bao vt bc7sOng d6 chOng 10 COng trinh bao v~ ba sOng dU'Q'cphsn thanh 3 IOiilisau: Ke lat mai: gia cOtlV'C ti~p len mai ba sOng nhAm chOng x6i 10'do tac d¢ng cua dong chay va s6ng; Ke m6 han: nOi tu ba sOng nhAm hU'ang dong chay ra xa ba gay bOi lang va cai tiilo ba sOng thee tuy~n chinh trj; Ke m~m: la IOiilike khOng kin nU'ac (con gQi la ke xuyen thOng) nhAm giam tOc d¢ dong chay, gay bOi lang va chOng x6i day. BU'ac thi~t k~ cOng trinh bao v~ ba d~ chOng 10phai dU'Q'cti~n hanh theo cac quy dinh hi~n hanh v~ quan Iy dau tU' xay dl,J'ngcOng trinh. £>Oivai cac trU'ang hQ'p khan cap can thl,J'chi~n theo quy djnh hi~n hanh tU'O'ng(mg trong cac trU'ang hQ'pkhan cap dU'Q'Cphap lu(it quy djnh. £>Oivai nhQ>ngcOng trinh bao v~ ba sOng quan trQng, d~c bi~t la d6i v6'i ke me han c6 th! thi nghi~m mO hinh d! xac dinh cac thOng sO ky thu~t tOi U'Ulam cO'So' cho thi~t k~. Chu dau tU' quy~t djnh vi~c thi nghi~m mO hinh dOi vai tung cOng trinh Cl,lth!. "£>e"trong tieu chuan nay la cOng trinh ngan nU'ac 10cua sOng ho~c ngan nU'ac bi!n, dU'Q'ccO'.quan nha nU'ac c6 tham quylln phan IOiili, phan cap thee quy djnh cua phap lu(it, theo quy djnh tiili khoan 1 £>i~u3 cua Lu(it £>edi~u. 3 Tai litu phl}c vI} thiit ki cong trinh bao vt be;, 3.1 Tai ntu dja hinh Binh dO cao d¢ ty Ie tu 1/2000 d~n 1/5000 dung d~ I~p tOng m~t bAng cOng trinh; Binh dO cao d¢ ty I~ 1/500 tiili vi tri cOng trinh; M~t cat ngang ty I~ dung tu 1/100 d~n 1/200, ty I~ ngang tu 1/1000 d~n 112000 va khoang cach giQ>acac m~t cat ngang la 20 m; Cac mOc cao d¢, tQa d¢ kem thee c~c sO' hQa va sO lieu can thi~t; £>Oivai giai dOiiln thi~t k~ ky thu~t thi cOng phai SLr dl,lng cac tai lieu dia hinh dU'Q'Cdo ve khOng qua 3 thang tinh d~n thai di!m d! thi~t k~. 3.2 9ja chAt c6ng trinh CAn phai I$p blnh dO va m~t cAt cfIatAng cac tai li~u thi nghi~m, cac d~c trU'ng cO' Iy cua d~t ba, bAi, long sOng. Vi~c khao sat dja chat cOngtrlnh dU'O'cquy djnh nhU'sau: Bi~n phap tham do c6 th€l ti~n hanh b~ng hO dao, khoan tay, khoan may ho~c xuyen k~t hQ'p khoan; LU'6'icac hOkhoan, dao, xuyen tuy theo tlnh hlnh s~t la ba va dia tAng cua ba bliiiva long sOngma bOtri Cl,lth€ld€lmOta dU'O'cdAy du tlnh hlnh dja ch~t, trong ph~m vi trl,l'Cti~p va vung anh hU'ang cua cOngtrlnh bao v~ ba sOng; £){>sau tham do phai sau hO'nday long x6i O,2H (H la chi~u sau xoi tinh tlr m~t ba sOngcAn bao v~). 3.3 Thuy van c6ng trinh va thuy I\lc CAn thu th~p cac tai li~u thuy van dung cho thi~t k~ (it nhat cua 3 tr~m: thU'Q'nglU'u,h~ lU'uva t~i gAn cOngtrlnh) nhU'sau: LU'uIU'O'ngIan nh~t (m 3 /s); MI,l'CnU'ac 10Ian nh~t (m); LU'uIU'O'ngt~o long (m 3 /s), (xem Phl,lll,lc A); Ml,l'cnU'ac(mg vai lU'u1U'Q'ngt~o long (m); Ml,l'cnU'acki~t ling vai tAn su~t 95 % (m); Ham IU'O'ngng~m cat Ian nh~t, trung blnh, nho nh~t (kg/m 3 ); £)U'angkinh h~t blnh quan cua bun cat day (mm); £){>dOcm~t nU'ac mua la, mua nU'actrung va mua ki~t; Ml,l'cnU'acthi~t k~ de, cao trlnh dinh de, cao trlnh bAigia (m); TOcd{>dong chay Ian nh~t. TrU'ang hO'Pkhu VI,l'Cxay dl,l'ngcOngtrlnh khOngco tr~m do thuy van, thl cAn phai tinh toan sOIi~u thl,l'c do cua cac tr~m do a thU'O'ng,h~ lU'ugAn nh~t. Tinh toan cac thOng sOthuy van, cac d~c trU'ngthuy II,l'CcAn thi~t d€lthi~t k~ tU'O'ngling vai cap cOng trlnh. Ngoai nhung tai li~u tren, con phai tuan thu cac quy djnh v~ tai li~u thi~t k~ cOngtrlnh c6 lien quan. 4 ciu t(lo va cae tieu chuin ky thu,t ella eong trinh bao v, bc7song 4.1.1 CAu t(lo ella ke !at mai Ke lat mai gOmba bo ph~n chinh: chan ke, than ke va dinh ke (xem Hinh 1 - cau t~o ke lat mail. 1 0.5 1- I £>inh ke CHU DAN: MN min: ml,l'Cmrae th~p nhAt; MN TK: Mve mrae thiet ke ke; m: ky hi~u mal dOc ke lat mai. tn s6 sau ky hi~u m gQi Iii h~ s6 mai dOc khOng c6 "an vi. Cae kleh thl1ae gi tr~n ban v~ c6 "an vi Iii m. Hinh 1 - CAu ~o ke lat mai a) Chan ke: 113 phan day 0 chan mai dOc, c6 tac dl,lng chOng x6i chan mai dOc va Jamn~n tI,ra cho than ke. b) £>inhke: la phan nAm ngang phia tren cung clla ke, c6 tac dl,lng bao ve than ke dOivai tac dong clla dong chay m~t va cac tac dong khac; dOngthai c6 th~ k~t hoopdU'ang quan Iy, bao ve. c) Than ke: 113 phan k~ tCJtdinh chan ke tai dinh ke: than ke chiu tac dong clla dong chay, s6ng, ap h,rc nU'ac va ap h,rcdong tham. 4.1.2 Vi tri, ph,m vi va quy mo ke hit mai Vi tri, ph~m vi, quy mo ke lat mai phai xac dinh bAng tinh toan thuy h,rcva On djnh ho~c thee k~t qua thi nghiem mOhinh thuy h,c k~t hoopvai quan trac, khao sat thl,J'Cdia. Khi I~p dl,J'an phai xac dinh dung vi tri, ph~m vi va quy mOclla ke lat mai; Khi I~p thi~t k~ ky thu~t.phai Cl,lth~ h6a kich thU'ac va phai can CLrvao nhung di~u kien phat sinh mai tCJtkhi I~p dl,J'an d!n khi I~p thi~t k! ky thu~t d~ c6 nhung bOsung, di~u chinh can thi!t; TrU'ang hoopcan Xli' Iy dot xuat, Cl,lCbo, can can Cll'vao tinh hinh x6i 10 thl,J'ct~ d~ xac djnh vi tri, ph~m vi va quy mO. 4.1.3 Thilt kl chin ke 1st mai Khi thi~t kit chan ke phai tuan thu nhCPngquy djnh sau day: a) Kltt cau va v~t li~u xay dl,mg chan ke phai thea man yeu cau: Dam bao 6n djnh cua chsn ke va cOng trinh; Ch6ng dU'oocSI,J'keo trOi cua dong chay va dong bun cat day; Phai thich (mg vai SI,J'bi~n hinh cua long sOng; Phai ch6ng dU'oocSI,J'xam thl,J'ccua nU'ac; Thu~n Iooicho vi~c thi cOng trong nU'ac. b) Cao trinh dinh chsn ke: dU'ooclay cao hO'n ml,J'CnU'ac ki~t (mg vai tan suat 95 % vai dO gia thAng bang 0,50 m. DOng thai d6i chiltu vai ml,J'CnU'ac sOng t~i thai di~m khao sat phl,JCVI,JI~p thiltt kit ban va thi cOng d~ Il,J'achQn cho phu hoop. c) Kich thU'ac v~t li~u: DU'ang kinh vien da bang da hOc tha rai dU'oocxac djnh theo cOng thli'c (1) va cOng thli'c (2): trong d6: I"J la h~ s6 6n djnh cho phep cua cOng trinh bao v~ ba dU'ooclay bang h~ s6 6n djnh cho phep cua de c6 cap tU'O'ngdU'O'ng; U la lU'u t6c binh qusn thuy Il,J'cIan nhat thl,J'cdo (m/s); K la h~ s6 dU'oocxac djnh theo cOng thli'c (2); h la chi~u ssu cua vien da tinh toan (m); d la dU'ang kinh vien da (m). m 2 - m~.cos2 8 0 1+m 2 trong d6: m la h~ s6 mai d6c (khOng dO'nvj) cua chsn ke; mo la h~ s6 mai tl,J'nhien cua da tha rai trong nU'ac; a la g6c hoopbai dU'ang mep nU'ac va hinh chiltu hU'ang chay cua dong nU'ac len mai dOc, dO; TrU'ang hOOpdong nU'ac huc thang vao tuyltn ba, lay K = 0,6 dim 0,9; H~ s6 mai d6c chsn ke khOng nen chQn nhe hO'n 1,5. d) Day chsn ke: CHUoAA(- MN min : MI,I'C nU'Ctc ttrSP nfuft. m, m1 : ky hi~u mai dOc trj sO sau ky hi~u m gOi Is h~ sO mai dOc khOng c6 cYan vi. Cac kich thlJ'ac gi tr~n ban va c6 cYan vi Is m. Hinh 2 • Minh hot hinh thirc chan ke lat mai c.1U'c7ngI\lch sau cach xa bc7 Khi dong chay thuc thAng vao tuy~n bat dU'ang I~ch sau gan bat c6 Vl,l'Csau n~m trong vung xay dl,l'ng ke, nltn keo chan ke tai I~ch sau (xem Hlnh 3). CHO DAN: MN min : MV'c nlJ'ac th~p nh~t. m 1 : ky hi~u mai dOc. Hinh 3 • Vi d\l hinh thirc chan ke lat mai c1U'c7ngI,ch sau nim trong vung xay d.,ng ke e) Vi tri tha da: khi tha d~ trong nU'6'c, vi tri viltn da (Hinh 4) dU'Q'cxac djnh thee cong thfrc (3) -1 = !L h ro Khi tOc ~¢ dong chay nho hO'n2 mIs, ~lfcmg I~ch siu cach xa ba, khOng c6 VI,I'Csiu nAm trong ph~m vi xiy dl,l'ngka, nen keo dc\ichin ka tai ch6 mai ba c6 he s6 mai dOctu 3 ~~n 4 (xem Hinh 2); CHU DAN: MN min : Mile m,ae thap nhat. m, m1 : ky hi~u mai dOetrj sOsau ky hi~u m gQi 18 h~ sO mai dOekhOng c6 <JO'n vi. Cae kleh thllae gi tr&n ban va c6 <JO'n vi 18 m. Hinh 2 • Minh hot hinh therc chin ke lat mai c.'IU'6'ngI,ch siu cach xa b6' Khi dong chay thuc thAng vc\otuy~n ba, ~lfang I~ch siu gAn ba, c6 VI,I'Csiu nAm trong vung xiy dl,l'ngkat nen keo chin ka tai I~ch siu (xem Hinh 3). CHU DAN: MN min : Mile nllae thap nhat. m1 : ky hi~u mai dOe. Hinh 3 • Vi d\l hinh th(rc chin ke lat mai c.'IU'6'ngI,ch siu nim trong vung xiy d.,ng ke e) Vi tri tha ~a: khi tha ~~ trong nlf6'c, vi tri vien ~a (Hinh 4) ~lfO'Cxac ~inh thee cOngthli'c (3) -1 = !L h CJ) trong d6: w la tOcdOchlm cua vien da thee chi~u th'ng dung (m/s); voi trQng 1U'Q'ngrieng cua da la 2,65 T/m 3 thl: w = 4,2.d (m/s); u la lU'utOcthl,J'cdo cua dong nU'oc (m/s) L la khoang cach nAm ngang k~ tli vi tri truoc va sau khi tha vien da (m); h la do sau nU'oc (m); d la dL1cmgkinh vien da (m). u t-<? ., I co r'~\ ! , , Lb h:\ : , 'I • " I I \ I ;>;>;>;>;>;> : ~ .d;>;>;> f) K~t cAu chan ke: ThU'cmgSI1 dl,lng da hoc, rQ da, rOngda ho~c be chlm lam chan ke; trong mot s6 trU'cmghQ'pc6 th~ SI1 dl,lng Ong buy, trong tha da hoc; bao tai dAt ho~c bao tai cat t~o mai, phia ngoai dU'Q'cbao v~ bAng da hoc, rQda, rOngda hoac cac tAm, khOibe tOngc6 lien k~t, ; CAut~o chan ke bAng da tha rai dU'Q'cmOtei a Hinh 5; O,5+1H MNmin CHO DAN: MN min : MV'c nU'ac thllp nhllt. m : ky hi~u mai d6c trj sO sau ky hi~u m gQi 18h~ sO mai d6c khOng c6 dO'n vi. Cac klch thU'ac gi tr~n ban v~ c6 dO'n vi 18m. Hinh 5 - Chin ke bing da d6 Truang hQ'pdU'ang kinh vien da thl,J'ct~ khOngdap ung yeu cau thi~t k~, c6 th~ dung rOngda, rOngdAt set ho~c rOngcat, Iam chan ke (Hinh 6);