Present Perfect for & since Present Perfect vs. Simple Past The boy was 1m10 tall one year ago. Now he is 1m11 tall.  He has grown one millimeter in one year. Tom is looking for his key. He can’t find it.  He has lost his key. (=He lost it and he still hasn’t got it) (+) S + have/has + past participle (PP) Ex: Tom has lost his key. (-) S + have/has + not + PP Ex: Tom has not lost his key. (?) Have/Has + S + PP? Ex: Has Tom lost his key?  Affirmative  Negative Long form Short form I, you, we, they I have done I, you, we, them I ’ve done He, she, it He has done He, she, it He ’s done Long form Short form I, you, we, them I have not done I, you, we, them I haven’t done He, she, it He has not done He, she, it He hasn’t done .  An action or situation that started in the past and continues in the present. Ex: He has played football since he was a child.  An action when the time is not important, it is expressed as an experience. Ex: We have never traveled by train.  An action was completed in the very recent past, expressed by 'just' and 'recently' . Ex: She has just broken her leg.  Action is repeated in an unspecified period between the past and now. Ex: I have seen that movie three times. [...]... other _ they were at school fo 5 I haven’t had a holiday _ ten years r PRESENT PERFECT - Just, already, not yet SIMPLE PAST - Certain time in the past Ex: She has just arrived in Ex: She phoned him 2 minutes Ex: Have to Ex: He went to Rome in 1990 Tokyo - Whether/How often till now Rome? you ever been ago - Certain event in the past I have been to Rome twice - Emphasis on result - Emphasis on action... the past I have been to Rome twice - Emphasis on result - Emphasis on action Ex: I have bought a new bike Ex: I bought a new bike (I actually want to express that I have (just telling what I did in the past. ) a new bike now.) just, already, up to now, until now, yesterday, ago, in 1990, the other till now, ever, (not) yet, so far, day, last … Exercise 1: Use the correct tense to complete these sentences . Present Perfect for & since Present Perfect vs. Simple Past The boy was 1m10 tall one year ago. Now he is 1m11 tall. . very recent past, expressed by 'just' and 'recently' . Ex: She has just broken her leg.  Action is repeated in an unspecified period between the past and now. Ex: I. ten years. since Since for since fo r PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE PAST - Just, already, not yet Ex: She has just arrived in Tokyo. - Certain time in the past. Ex: She phoned him 2 minutes ago -