Thông tin tài liệu
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Toluen co tinh chõt dung mụi tng t benzen nhng c tinh thõp hn nhiờu, nờn ngay nay thng c s dng thay benzen lam dung mụi trong phong thi nghim va trong cụng nghip Cỏc tinh chõt vt li cua toluen: o Khụi lng phõn t :... liu : 2500 kg/gi Nng cõu t d bay hi trong nhp liu : 25% mol benzen Nng cõu t d bay hi trong san phõm inh: 95% mol benzen Nng cõu t d bay hi trong san phõm ỏy : 5% mol benzen Nguyờn liu vao h thụng nhit sụi Quỏ trỡnh lam vic trong thiờt b ỏp suõt thng Loi thiờt b s dng la thỏp mõm xuyờn l co ụng chay chuyờn Khụi lng phõn t cua benzen va toluene : MB = 78, MT = 92 Chn + Nhit nhp liu: tF... phõm ỏy sau khi trao i nhit: tW = 35oC Cỏc ky hiu: GF, GD, GW: Lng nguyờn liu õu, san phõm inh, san phõm ỏy aF, aD, aW: Phõn khụi lng cua Benzen hn hp õu, inh va ỏy xF, xD, xW: Phõn mol cua Benzen trong pha lng hn hp õu, inh va ỏy yF, yD, yW: Phõn mol cua Benzen trong pha hi hn hp õu, inh va ỏy 2.2 Xỏc nh suõt lng sn phõm inh va sn phõm ỏy Vỡ ờ bai cho theo % mol nờn phai i sang % khụi lng tinh... liu [4] trang 92 va thc hin phộp ni suy ta xỏc nh c nht cua Benzen va Toluen nhit va nng tng ng Bng 2.4 nht ca hn hp nht (cP) inh thỏp Gia thỏp ỏy thỏp àB 0,313 0,263 0,244 àT 0,316 0,273 0,255 nht hn hp c tinh theo cụng thc: lg àhh = x1 à + x2 à2 1 [4] trang 84 Trong o: x1, x2: nng mol cua Benzen va Toluen à , à2 : nht ng lc cua Benzen va Toluen 1 nht san phõm inh: lg àD = xD à1D + x2 à2... toluen bng phan ng Friedel - Crafts (phan ng ankyl hoa benzen bng cỏc dn xuõt ankyl halide vi s co mt cau xuc tỏc AlCl3 khan) C6H6 + CH3- Cl C6H5-CH3 1.2.3 Hn hp benzen toluen : Ta co bang thanh phõn lng (x) hi (y) va nhit sụi cua hn hp Benzen Toluen 760 mmHg.[4] x (% mol) y (% mol) t (oC) phõn 5 10 20 0 11,8 21,4 38 110,6 phõn 0 108,3 106, 1 102,2 30 40 50 60 51, 1 98, 6 61, 9 71,2 79 95,2 92,1... 11 Bn cha san phõm ỏy 12 Thiờt b lam ngui san phõm inh 13 Bn cha san phõm inh ụ an Qua trinh va Thiờt bi hoa chõt 5 Chng 1 Tụng quan vờ qua trinh chng cõt 1.2.5 Thuyờt minh quy trỡnh: Hn hp Benzen Toluen co nng Benzen la 25% mol, nhit nguyờn liu luc õu la 30oC ti bỡnh cha nguyờn liu (1), c bm (2) bm lờn bn cao v (3) Dong nhp liu c gia nhit ti nhit sụi trong thiờt b truyờn nhit ụng lng ụng Sau o... = GD + GW (1) [5] trang 144 Phng trỡnh cõn bng vt chõt ụi vi cõu t d bay hi (Benzen) GF aF = GD aD + GW aW (2) [5] trang 144 Giai h phng trỡnh (1) va (2) ta c: Lng dong san phõm inh: GD = 500 kg/h Lng dong san phõm ỏy: GW = 2000 kg/h Bng 2.1 Thanh phõn cõn bng lng (x), hi (y) tớnh theo % mol va nhit sụi ca hn hp 2 cõu t Benzen Toluen 760 mmHg x 0 0,05 0,1 y 0 0,118 0,214 0,38 t 108,3 106,1 102,2... 0,79 0,854 0,91 95,2 92,1 89,4 86,8 84,4 0,9 1 0,959 1 82,3 80,2 Da vao bang nay ta v c ng cõn bng ycb= f(x) va xỏc nh c phõn mol (y) va nhit sụi tng ng Bng 2.2 Thanh phõn Benzen Toluen trong hn hp Nhit sụi (C) Thanh phõn cua Benzen trong hn hp % Khụi lng Phõn mol x Phõn mol y tF = 100,4 aF = 0,22 xF = 0,25 yF = 0,446 tD = 81,25 aD = 0,94 xD = 0,95 yD = 0,98 tW =108,3 aW = 0,04 xW = 0,05 yW = 0,118... hp lng hõu hờt la cõu t kho bay hi (Toluen) Hn hp lng ỏy co nng Benzen la 5% mol, con li la Toluen Dung dch lng ỏy i ra khi thỏp vao ni un (10) Trong ni un dung dch lng mt phõn s bục hi cung cõp li cho thỏp tiờp tc lam vic, phõn con li ra khi ni un c cho vao bn cha san phõm ỏy (11) H thụng lam vic liờn tc cho ra san phõm inh la benzen, san phõm ỏy la toluen ụ an Qua trinh va Thiờt bi hoa chõt 6 . 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Xem thêm: Thiết kế tháp chưng cất hệ benzen – toluenbenzen, Thiết kế tháp chưng cất hệ benzen – toluenbenzen
