. Cross-cultural Communication vs. Intercultural Communication 1.1.1.1. Definitions of communication To understand communication in its relation to intercultural communication, Martin and Nakayama (2004). vocal and non-vocal channels. Then Samovar et al. also stated that nonverbal behavior “involves all those nonverbal stimuli in a communication setting that are generated by both the source and. the dialectical thought of nonverbal communication by Martin and Nakayama (2004). According to them, we need to think dialectically about nonverbal element in intercultural communication, which