BÀI GIẢNG QUI HOẠCH DU LỊCH Course outline Subject Tourism Planning Units of credit (45 periods) Prerequisite Introduction to Tourism Suggested self-study self- 135 periods Instructors Võ Nguyễn Hồng Lam Contact detail lamthuysannt@yahoo.ca Cell phone: 01657277282 Textbooks:   Clare A Gunn, Turgut Var (2002), Tourism PlanningPlanning- Basics, Concepts, Cases, Fourth Edition, Taylor and Francis Books Inc Edward Inskeep (1991), Tourism Planning – An integrated and sustainable development approach, John Wiley & Sons Inc Subject objectives: The specific objectives of this subject are to objectives: help students to:        Explain the tourism planning concept and the contemporary tourism development trends; Understand different approaches to tourism planning; Describe site development standards and tourist facilities quality standards; Establish carrying capacity; Explain regional tourism planning concepts and process – discovery of tourism potential, evaluation of attractions using survey techniques Discuss planning and managing different types of attractions Explain resort planning approach and principles; Discuss urban tourism planning and planning for other forms of tourism Conduct survey and analysis on tourist markets, tourism facilities and infrastructures Lecture Tourism planning background Objectives Understand the concepts of planning and planner Describe goals for tourism development Describe differences between the scales of tourism planning Planning and planners Purposes of planning:   Dealing with the inappropriate use of tourism resources Creating plans of actions for a foreseeable future and implementing it Planning and planners “Plannning is a multidimentional activity that seeks to be integrative It embraces social, economic, political, psychological, anthropological and technological factors It concerns with the past, present and future (Rose, 1984) Planning and planners Difficulties:     Complexity of thousands of decisions made by individuals, corporations and Governments Planning places too much power in a governmental bureaucracy So many plans collect dust on the shelf Most tourism planning approaches have been influenced by the field of urban and rural planning Who are the planners     The business sector The public sector The nonprofit sector Professional consultants 10 * The planners Tourism business owners and managers:    Search for the best destination and location Planning of products, services, quality level Planning of business promotion and selling 11 * The planners Government:     Spend money on destination marketing and promotion Provide a great number of visitor attractions Own and manage much of the infrastructures upon which tourism depends Set policies and regulations 12 * The planners NonNon-profit sector:    Support protection of natural and cultural resources for tourism development Saving and efficient use of operational resources Promotion of ethical practices 13 * The planners Professional consultants:      Building architects – hotels, resorts, restaurants, attractions, monuments, theatres, aquariums, etc Landscape architects – site and land planning Urban planning – services, utilities, transport, land use Civil engineers – designs and details of bridges, harbors, airports, waste treatment facilities Teams of the specialists- provide the needed mix for specialistsprojects 14 Goals for tourism development Goals and objectives:    Objective: specific, real, actual activities, can be accomplished within a given time Goal: ideals or aims, can strive for but may never completely accomplish Goals provide the framework for the identification of policies and accomplishment of specific objectives 15 Goals for tourism development The following goals are suggested for today’s vision of better tourism development:     Enhanced visitor satisfactions Improved economy and business success Sustainable resource use Community and area integration 16 Tourism planning scales Tourism planning is different in objectives and processes from the macro to the micro scale    The most popular today is site scale There are many opportunities for better tourism success by planning at the scale of the destination zone Regional scale of planning is needed in order to determine greatest potential for a larger area 17 Tourism planning scales    Site project for tourism must include detailed and current travel market information Planners understand all factors of market demand as well as location Planning for every tourism facility and service must encompass many relationships 18 Tourism planning scales Destination refers to the community-attraction communitycomplex The basic elements of planning at the destination scale are:     Transportation and access from travel markets to one or more communities One or more communities with adequate public utilities and management Attraction complexes (clusters) that meet market needs Efficient and attractive transportation link between cities and attractions 19 Tourism planning scales Planning at regional scale is even more comprehensive than at the site and destination zone scales     Many more resource areas are involved A greater number of political jurisdictions are included The time periods of accomplishment are much longer Better integration of the whole 20 10 Types of Resort Planning Rejuvenation through planning And/or avoid decline - so remain viable through continual planning  131 Beach and seaside resorts 132 66 Mountain & Ski resorts 133 Holiday Villages 134 67 Spas and Health Resorts 135 Specialised Resorts 136 68 137 Resort Planning Approach Market & Product Assessment of the Area Determination of Objectives, Types & Size of Resort Resort Site Selection Resort Conceptual Planning & Pre- feasibility Analysis (with feedback to above steps, project terminated if determined infeasible Determination of facility & Land Use Reqs Determination of Infrastructure reqs Regional relationships Environmental & carrying Capacity Analysis Access to site & Regional Integration Community Relationships Formulation of Regional Relationships & Resort Land Use Plan with phasing of Development (alternative & final plans) Environmental & Social Assessment (with feedback to plan formulation) Economic & Financial Feasibility Analysis (with feedback to plan formulation) Implementation Program First Stage Development Plan Refinement of Later Stages Implementation of Later Stages 138 69 Resort Planning Approach  Multi disciplinary team approach Site planners Market analysts Economists (feasibility) Engineers (Infrastructure/transport) Architects Environmental specialists 139 Resort Planning Approach Regional Relationships – discuss and explain the considerations when dealing with regional relationships (Pg 205) 140 70 Resort Planning Approach  Site Environmental Analysis & Community Relationships Location and Size Environmental Characteristics Land Use and Tenure Socio Economic Characteristics Nearby Site attractions Carrying capacity 141 Map Plotting Resort Planning Approach What factors will determine Facility Land Use and Infrastructure requirements Give examples of both 142 71 3.Resort Planning Approach  Fundamental Concepts are; Emphasize what is unique Create a distinct Image Refer to Pg 213 for specific principles 143 Formulating the Resort Plan 14 Steps Discuss Considerations Capital Costs Operational Costs Estimates of Rentals Financial Sources Projected R & E Cash Flow required Net Benefits 144 72 Planning for Existing Resorts Case Study Page 225, Mauna Resort Hawaii The location in which South Kohala lies was included in whose Tourism Plan? b.What was the planning approach used c.What were the limitations of the plan approval for Mauna Resort d.The late 1980’s revision of the plan and expansion of the resort included what, and a 145 Lecture Site Planning Concepts 73 Outline Design/planning integration New concepts of “place” and new paradigms for designers Designing for tourism sites 147 Objectives Explain the new concepts of “place” and new paradigms for designers Describe some key standards in site designing 148 74 INTEGRATING PLAN & DESIGN The major players: - Architects, engineers, professional planners (historians, ecologists, sociologists, archeologists) - Government - Private business - Non-profit organizations Non- Financiers 19 149 OTHER PLAYERS    Construction companies Managers The public 150 75 NEW CONCEPTS   Importance and meaning of “Place” The “new paradigms” for designers 151 Designing for Tourism Sites 152 76 Plan Ahead for      Sustainability High standards of construction High standards of service High satisfaction of tourists Incorporating zoning regulations 153 Site Planning Considerations        Specific location of buildings Location of roads, parking areas, open space areas Geology, geography, land forms Water – fresh and sea Pollution – existing and potential Proper sewage and water treatment Garbage: Reduce, reuse, recycle, and if absolutely necessary: removal 154 77 Sites to avoid     Any site where there may be an environmental hazard Steep hill Unstable ground Low lying areas 155 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS Architectural design Landscaping design Engineering design * Designing for the handicapped - 156 78 INTERPRETIVE CENTERS To interpret the area’s natural and cultural resources; To provide an enjoyable and stimulating visitor experience; To provide a setting for environmental education; To provide a design alternative to mass erosion of natural and cultural resources To add an important tourist attraction complex to others within a destination 157 XERISCAPE   The selection of plant materials requiring much less water and yet offering desirable aesthetic functions Conservation of water is the prime consideration 158 79 Conclusions     Site scale design is the culmination of all TP Tourism design is greatly influenced by groups other than designers The new design paradigm requires new kinds of designers Placemaking is essentially the creative process of tourism design 159 Conclusions     Public involvement is essential throughout the process of all tourism design Tourism project design must meet several criteria Tourism project design is the final expression of sustainability Tourism project design requires a special process 160 80 ... có đầu tư tương đối đồng vào sở hạ tầng, sở vật chất kỹ thuật du lịch, khu vui chơi - giải trí - thể thao, sở đào tạo nghiệp vụ du lịch v.v Phương án Loại kh ách Tỉnh, thành phố Hạng mục Tổng... cao): tính toán với tốc độ phát triển cao phương án phù hợp với phương án cao '''' Quy hoạch tổng thể phát triển du lịch Việt Nam thời kỳ 1995 - 2010'', đạt điều kiện thuận lỵi cđa mèi quan hƯ qc... tốc độ phát triển nay; đạt tác động lớn lĩnh vực đầu tư Chưa phù hợp với định hướng phát triển du lịch nước, định hướng chiến lược phát triển kinh tế - xà hội thành phố Hà Nội, đưa để tham khảo