ATLAS 4TH EDITION ATLAS LONDON, NEW YORK, MELBOURNE, MUNICH, AND DELHI 2 LONDON, NEW YORK, MELBOURNE, MUNICH, AND DELHI FOR THE FOURTH EDITION Cartographic Manager David Roberts Senior Cartographic Editor Simon Mumford Cartographers Paul Eames, Encompass Graphics Limited Designers Nimbus Design Editors Ben Hoare, Margaret Parrish, Cambridge International Reference on Current Affairs (CIRCA) 3D Globes Planetary Visions Ltd., London Systems Co-ordinator Philip Rowles Production Imogen Boase Art Director Bryn Walls Publisher Jonathan Metcalf Associate Publisher Liz Wheeler FOR PREVIOUS EDITIONS Cartographic Director Andrew Heritage Cartography Roger Bullen, Rob Stokes, Iorwerth Watkins Project Editor Sam Atkinson Art Editor Karen Gregory First published in Great Britain in 2001 by Dorling Kindersley Limited, 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL A Penguin Company Fourth Edition 2010 Previously published as the Ultimate Pocket Book of the World Atlas & Factfile Copyright © 1996, 1998, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2010 Dorling Kindersley Limited All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any other means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the written permission of the copyright owner. A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN: 978-1-4053-5039-6 Printed and bound in Singapore by Star Standard Discover more at www.dk.com 3 Key to map symbols DRAINAGE FEATURES River Seasonal river Canal Lake Seasonal lake Mountain Depression Capital city BORDERS Full international Disputed de facto Territorial claim Cease-fire line Undefined State/Province COMMUNICATIONS Major road Rail International airport SETTLEMENTS Major town Minor town Major port ELEVATION 4000m / 13,124ft 6000m / 19,686ft 2000m / 6562ft 1000m / 3281ft 500m / 1640ft 250m / 820ft 100m / 328ft 0 Below sea level Insight; facts, figures, and amazing information from around the world 4 Atlas contents The Political World 8-9 The Physical World . . . . . . . . 10-11 Time Zones . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12-13 Atlas Opener 14-15 Western Canada & Alaska . . .18-19 Eastern Canada 20-21 USA: The Northeast 22-23 USA: Central States 24-25 USA: The West 26-27 USA: The Southwest 28-29 USA: The Southeast 30-31 Mexico 32-33 Central America 34-35 The Caribbean 36-37 Northern South America 40-41 Peru, Bolivia, & North Brazil 42-43 Paraguay, Uruguay, & South Brazil 44-45 Southern South America 46-47 The Atlantic Ocean 48-49 Northwest Africa 52-53 Northeast Africa 54-55 West Africa 56-57 Central Africa 58-59 Southern Africa 60-61 The North Atlantic 64-65 Scandinavia & Finland 66-67 The Low Countries 68-69 The British Isles 70-71 France, Andorra, & Monaco 72-73 Spain & Portugal . . . . . . . . . .74-75 Germany & the Alpine States 76-77 Italy 78-79 Central Europe 80-81 Southeast Europe 82-83 The Mediterranean 84-85 North & Central America 16–17 Europe 62–63 Africa 50–51 South America 38–39 5 Atlas contents Bulgaria & Greece 86-87 The Baltic States & Belarus 88-89 Ukraine, Moldova, & Romania 90-91 European Russia 92-93 Russia & Kazakhstan 96-97 Turkey & the Caucasus 98-99 The Near East & West Bank 100-101 The Middle East 102-103 Central Asia 104-105 Western China & Mongolia 108-109 Eastern China & Korea 110-111 Japan 112-113 South India & Sri Lanka. . .114-115 North India & Pakistan . . .116-117 Mainland Southeast Asia . .118-119 Maritime Southeast Asia . .120-121 The Indian Ocean . . . . . . .122-123 The Southwest Pacific 126-127 Western Australia 128-129 Eastern Australia 130-131 New Zealand 132-133 The Pacific Ocean 134-135 Antarctica 136 Arctic 137 See overleaf for contents Overseas territories 360-365 International organizations . . . 366 Abbreviations 367 Index 368-432 South & East Asia 106–107 Australasia & Oceania 124–125 North & West Asia 94–95 Country Factfiles 138–359 6 Factfile contents A Afghanistan 153 Albania 154 Algeria 155 Andorra 156 Angola 157 Antarctica 158 Antigua & Barbuda . . 159 Argentina 160 Armenia 161 Australia 162–163 Austria 164 Azerbaijan 165 B Bahamas 166 Bahrain 167 Bangladesh 168 Barbados 169 Belarus 170 Belgium 171 Belize 172 Benin 173 Bhutan 174 Bolivia 175 Bosnia & Herzegovina 176 Botswana 177 Brazil 178-179 Brunei 180 Bulgaria 181 Burkina 182 Burma see Myanmar Burundi 183 C Cambodia 184 Cameroon 185 Canada 186-187 Cape Verde 188 Central African Republic 189 Chad 190 Chile 191 China 192-193 Colombia 194 Comoros 195 Congo 196 Congo, Dem. Rep. . . 197 Costa Rica 198 Côte d’Ivoire . . . . . . . 199 Croatia 200 Cuba 201 Cyprus 202 Czech Republic 203 D Denmark 204 Djibouti 205 Dominica 206 Dominican Republic . 207 E East Timor 208 Ecuador 209 Egypt 210 El Salvador 211 Equatorial Guinea . . . 212 Eritrea 213 Estonia 214 Ethiopia 215 F Fiji 216 Finland 217 France 218 G Gabon 219 Gambia 220 Georgia 221 Germany 222 Ghana 223 Greece 224 Grenada 225 Guatemala 226 Guinea 227 Guinea–Bissau 228 Guyana 229 H Haiti 230 Honduras 231 Hungary 232 I Iceland 233 India 234-235 Indonesia 236-237 Iran 238 Iraq 239 Ireland 240 Israel 241 Italy 242 J Jamaica 243 Japan 244-245 Jordan 246 K Kazakhstan 247 Kenya 248 Kiribati 249 Korea, North 250 Korea, South 251 Kosovo 252 Kuwait 253 Kyrgyzstan 254 L Laos 255 Latvia 256 Lebanon 257 Lesotho 258 Liberia 259 7 Factfile contents Libya 260 Liechtenstein 261 Lithuania 262 Luxembourg 263 M Macedonia 264 Madagascar 265 Malawi 266 Malaysia 267 Maldives 268 Mali 269 Malta 270 Marshall Islands 271 Mauritania 272 Mauritius 273 Mexico 274 Micronesia 275 Moldova 276 Monaco 277 Mongolia 278 Montenegro 279 Morocco 280 Mozambique 281 Myanmar (Burma) . . . 282 N Namibia 283 Nauru 284 Nepal 285 Netherlands 286 New Zealand 287 Nicaragua 288 Niger 289 Nigeria 290 Norway 291 O Oman 292 P Pakistan 293 Palau 294 Panama 295 Papua New Guinea . . 296 Paraguay 297 Peru 298 Philippines 299 Poland 300 Portugal 301 Q Qatar 302 R Romania 303 Russian Federation 304-305 Rwanda 306 S St. Kitts & Nevis 307 St. Lucia 308 St. Vincent & the Grenadines 309 Samoa 310 San Marino 311 São Tomé & Príncipe . 312 Saudi Arabia 313 Senegal 314 Serbia 315 Seychelles 316 Sierra Leone 317 Singapore 318 Slovakia 319 Slovenia 320 Solomon Islands 321 Somalia 322 South Africa 323 Spain 324 Sri Lanka 325 Sudan 326 Suriname 327 Swaziland 328 Sweden 329 Switzerland 330 Syria 331 T Taiwan 332 Tajikistan 333 Tanzania 334 Thailand 335 Togo 336 Tonga 337 Trinidad & Tobago. . . 338 Tunisia 339 Turkey 340 Turkmenistan 341 Tuvalu 342 U Uganda 343 Ukraine 344 United Arab Emirates. 345 United Kingdom .346-347 United States . . . .348-350 Uruguay 351 Uzbekistan 352 V Vanuatu 353 Vatican City 354 Venezuela 355 Vietnam 356 Y Yemen 357 Z Zambia 358 Zimbabwe 359 8 ABCD 1 2 4 5 3 ABCD The Political World TUNISIA ALGERIA LIBYA WESTERN SAHARA (disputed) NIGER CHAD SENEGAL SUDAN ERITREA DJIBOUTI EGYPT ETHIOPIA MALDIVES KENYA RWANDA BURUNDI SEYCHELLES SOUTH AFRICA LESOTHO SWAZILAND MAURITIUS COMOROS BOTS. ZIMBABWE ZAMBIA DEM. REP. CONGO UGANDA SAO TOME & PRINCIPE GHANA TOGO CÔTE D’IVOIRE BENIN NIGERIA C.A.R. LIBERIA SIERRA LEONE GUINEA GUINEA- BISSAU GAMBIA CAPE VERDE MALI GABON AUSTRALIA MICRONESIA PALA U EAST TIMOR PAPU A NEW GUINEA S. KOREA JAPAN N. KOREA MONGOLIA KAZAKHSTAN CHINA BHUTAN MYANMAR (BURMA) TAIWAN CAMBODIA PHILIPPINES BANGLADESH RUSSIAN FEDERATION INDONESIA MALAYSIA BRUNEI SINGAPORE SRI LANKA THAILAND KYRGZSTAN INDIA NEPAL AFGHANISTAN TURKMEN. UZBEKISTAN TAJIKISTAN SYRIA IRAN IRAQ KUWAIT BAHRAIN U.A.E. SAUDI ARABIA QATAR JORDAN YEMEN ICELAND NORWAY FINLAND ESTONIA LITHUANIA LATVIA BELARUS UKRAINE MOLDOVA AZERBAIJAN AZ. GEORGIA ARMENIA TURKEY DENMARK UNITED KINGDOM IRELAND NETH. POLAND BELGIUM LUXEMBOURG FRANCE SWITZERLAND ROMANIA BULGARIA MAC. PORTUGAL SPAIN ANDORRA MONACO MALTA ALB. ITALY CYPRUS ISRAEL LEBANON GREECE P A K I S T A N C O N G O S O M A L I A V I E T N A M LAOS S W E D E N MALAWI OMAN MOZAMBIQUE MADAGASCAR TANZANIA MOROCCO EQUATORIAL GUINEA MAURITANIA BURKINA CAMEROON ANGOLA NAMIBIA ANTARCTICA Northern Mariana Islands (US) Cabinda (Angola) Guam (US) Svalbard (Norway) Jan Mayen (Norway) Faeroe Islands (Denmark) French Southern & Antarctic Territories (France) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 14 13 11 12 ATLANTIC OCEAN INDIAN OCEAN SOUTHERN OCEAN KEY TO NUMBERS 1. Germany 2. Liechtenstein 3. Czech Republic 4. Austria 5. Slovakia 6. Hungary 7. Slovenia 8. Croatia 9. Bosnia & Herzegovina 10. Serbia 11. Montenegro 12. Kosovo (disputed) 13. San Marino 14. Vatican City Severnaya Zemlya Franz Josef Land Novaya Zemlya New Siberian Islands Tropic of Capricorn . ATLAS 4TH EDITION ATLAS LONDON, NEW YORK, MELBOURNE, MUNICH, AND DELHI 2 LONDON, NEW YORK, MELBOURNE, MUNICH, AND DELHI FOR THE FOURTH EDITION Cartographic Manager. Limited, 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL A Penguin Company Fourth Edition 2010 Previously published as the Ultimate Pocket Book of the World Atlas & Factfile Copyright © 1996, 1998, 2001, 2003, 2004,. information from around the world 4 Atlas contents The Political World 8-9 The Physical World . . . . . . . . 10-11 Time Zones . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12-13 Atlas Opener 14-15 Western Canada