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Luận văn tốt nghiệp đại học bằng tiếng anh , đạt điểm khá cao. Hoàn chỉnh về mặt nội dung, đề ra những phương pháp học từ vựng tốt nhất cho bậc học sinh trung học phổ thông. Viết hoàn toàn bằng tiếng anh, cấu trúc rõ ràng, dễ hiểu, đáng được tham khảo.
OUTLINE Declaration Acknowledgement Abstract Table of contents Part I: INTRODUCTION 1. Rational 2. Aims of the study and the scope of the study 2.1. Aims of the study 1. Cover background knowledge of vocabulary. 2. Find out reality of teaching and learning English for eighth graders at Lien Hong secondary school in Hai Duong city. 3. Find out appropriate methods for teaching vocabulary which draw student's attention into the lesson. The students will feel interested, enjoyable and funny when they come into the vocabulary lesson. Some good techniques will be given out in order to improve their vocabulary. 2.2. Scope of the study 3. Method of the study - Researching on reference books and websites. - Attending English vocabulary periods at Lien Hong secondary school in Hai Duong city - Interviewing and conducting the survey questionnaires for 90 students and 3 teachers with a point to find out their attitudes of the matter and the difficulties in learning and teaching vocabulary 4. Design of the study Part II: DEVELOPMENT Chapter1: Literature Review I. Vocabulary 1. What is vocabulary? 2. The importance of vocabulary 3. Major types of vocabulary 1. Reading vocabulary 2. Listening vocabulary 3. Writing vocabulary 4. Speaking vocabulary 5. Receptive vocabulary 6. Productive vocabulary 7. Active vocabulary 8. Passive vocabulary 4. What need to be taught? II. Characteristics of Middle School Students III. Techniques for presenting new words. IV. How to Teach Academic Vocabulary to Middle-School Students Chapter II: A study on effective methods to improve English vocabulary for eighth grade students at Lien Hong secondary school. I The reality of learning and teaching vocabulary at Lien Hong secondary school 1. Teachers 2. The students 3. English teaching and learning condition at Lien Hong secondary school II The survey questionnaires. 1. Participants 1.1 Students 1.2 Teachers 2. Reasons for choosing survey questionnaires 3. Design of the survey questionnaires III Data analysis 4.1. Student’s interest in learning English 4.2. Teachers’ and students’ opinion toward the role of English vocabulary 4.3. Students’ and teachers’ difficulties in learning and teaching vocabulary 5. Findings and discussion Chapter III: Some suggested methods to improve vocabulary for eighth grade students at Lien Hong secondary school 1. Introduction 2. Teaching through poems, songs 3. Using pictures in teaching vocabulary 4. Teaching through the funny games 5. Using mass media 6. Mime and realia 8. Story telling activities 9. Encouraging wide reading 10.Pair and Group works in teaching Part III: The Conclusion DECLARATION I certify that the thesis entitled" A study on effective methods to improve English vocabulary for eighth- grade students at Lien Hong secondary school" is the result of my own research and the substance of this thesis has not been submitted for a degree to any other university or institution ACKNOWLEDGMENT In the process of implementing my graduation paper, I have received lots of encouragement, precious ideas and experiences from my teachers, family and friends. Especially, thanks to all teachers’ support in Hung Yen University of Technology and Education for their useful advices. First of all, I would like to express my gratitude to my supervisor Mrs. Le Thi Phuong, M.A who gives me great supports and guidance. Without her help, my paper would have never been completed. Besides, my sincere thank is also extended to all the teachers in the Foreign Languages Department of Hung Yen University of Technology and Education for their lectures and whole-hearted advices supporting this study. I also would like to express my special thanks to English teachers and eighth- grade students at Lien Hong secondary school in Hai Duong for their help that I would completed my research. Last but not least, I would like to thank my family who have encouraged and supported me a lot. Abstract This study deals with the effective methods to improve English vocabulary for eighth- grade students at Lien Hong secondary school in Hai Duong city. To achieve the desired aims of the current study, the paper used survey questionnaires as the main research instrument. Based on the findings and the suggestions researcher gives some suggestions for teachers to solve the problems. In detail, the teachers are advised to use some effective methods to improve vocabulary for students. The paper also comes up with some useful ways for students to learn English vocabulary effectively. CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale of study No one denies the importance of English language in the present time as global language. English has become more and more dominant around the world because it is used widen in many fields of life such as science, technology, foreign trade, tourism business, education and so on. Actually, in some countries it is used as the mother tongue and, other countries learn it as second language in their schools. In Vietnam, since the implementation of the open door – policy, it is now a great demand to learn English for the process of integrating into international economic and diplomatic development. There is no doubt that English is language of communication between the people from different cultures. The learning of foreign languages, especially English, through a deep relationship between language and culture, students have chances to know many interesting things around the world. Moreover, English is also the language of computers so that it can help people deal with science and technology. Therefore, the need of mastering a foreign language especially English, is becoming more and more necessary. As for as we are concerned, English learners, especially the secondary students have to face up with many difficulties such as pronunciation, grammar, spelling, vocabulary. However, almost students have difficulties in studying vocabulary at first. It is true that the vocabulary is the focus of language. Studying vocabulary well is one of the keys, which help learners step by step discover this interesting language. It plays an important role in learning four basic skills: listening, speaking, reading and writing. In order to use English as an effective tool in communication, students should know how to apply them accurately in each real situation. The more vocabulary we have, the more confident we are. However, it is not easy to study perfect vocabulary because English is very variety and complex. Students may feel difficult to memorize a new word with its meaning, spelling and pronunciation. Many eighth- grade students are often confused how to apply grammar into sentences. Sometimes, they can not understand when listening to video and audio. In addition, a word may have more than one meaning and more than one part of speech. For example, “present” may be a noun, an adjective and a verb also. Some words with different spelling and meaning have the same pronunciation, such as “hear” and “here”. From my own experience as a English major student and my observation at Lien Hong secondary school. I make a sketchy presentation on some effective methods of studying vocabulary with the hope that students will be interesting in learning English. Due to my English knowledge limitation and the frame of the graduation paper, the author would like to carry out this study entitle" A study on effective methods to improve English vocabulary for eighth grade students at Lien Hong secondary school" 1.2. Aim of study The main aim of this study is to provide some effective methods to improve English vocabulary and to prepare for them to the basic knowledge of vocabulary with higher requirement for the next grades. To achieve this aim, the specific objects of the study are: 4. Cover background knowledge of vocabulary. 5. Find out reality of teaching and learning English for eighth graders at Lien Hong secondary school in Hai Duong city. 6. Find out appropriate techniques for teaching vocabulary which draw student's attention into the lesson. The students will feel interested, enjoyable and funny when they come into the vocabulary lesson. Some good techniques will be given out in order to improve their vocabulary 1.3 Scope of the study In fact, there are lots of various methods to improve English vocabulary for eighth graders. Due to the limited time and resources and knowledge of mine, the study mainly focus on studying some effective methods in learning English vocabulary for eighth grade students at Lien Hong secondary school in Hai Duong city. 1.4 Methods of the study To finish this study, I carry out some following methods: - Researching on reference books and websites. - Attending English vocabulary periods at Lien Hong secondary school in Hai Duong city - Conducting the survey questionnaires for 90 students and 3 teachers with a point to find out their attitudes of the matter and the difficulties in learning and teaching vocabulary 1.5 Design of the study The study is divided into three mains: Part I is INTRODUCTION which provides an overview of the study including rationale, aims, scope, methods of the study, and design of the study. An outline of the thesis is also mentioned in this chapter. Part II named DEVELOPMENT, which consists of three chapters: - Chapter I: " Literature review" , presents the background knowledge of English vocabulary and tips to study English vocabulary. - Chapter II : “A study on the students’ learning vocabulary in Lien Hong secondary school”, refers to the survey questionnaire and analyzed findings of questionnaires results. - Chapter III: " Some suggested methods to improve English vocabulary for eighth graders at Lien Hong secondary school", contains some techniques to learn English vocabulary effectively Part III is CONCLUSION in which all the issued mentioned above are summarized. Briefly, this study consists of three main parts the first is Introduction, the second is Development and the last part is Conclusion, of which the second is the very important part. PART II: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER I: LITERATURE OF REVIEW I. Vocabulary 1. Definition There are many definitions about vocabulary. In Viet Nam, Nguyen Bang and Nguyen Ba Hoc (2002) considered their following definition of vocabulary as “logical”. According to them, when the term “vocabulary” of a language was mentioned, it should be mentioned as consisting of all the words, compounds and idioms used to transmit information on both “oral and written communication”. Meanwhile, In some famous dictionaries, a vocabulary is defined as "all the words known and used by a particular person" and “all the words which exist in a particular language or subject” (Cambridge Advanced Learners Dictionary). According to Webster's Dictionary (1993-327) “Vocabulary is a list or group of words and phrase, usually in alphabetical order”. Besides, foreign linguists define vocabulary according to some different criteria. As Steven Stahl (2005) puts it "Vocabulary knowledge is knowledge, the knowledge of a word not only implies a definition, but also implies how that word first into the world" . Vocabulary knowledge is not something that can ever be fully mastered, it is something that expands and deepens over the course of a lifetime. Because instruction in vocabulary involves far more than looking up words in a dictionary and using the words in sentence. Moreover, vocabulary is acquired incidentally through indirect exposure to words and intentionally through explicit instruction in specific instruction in specific words and word-learning strategies. Lewis and Hill (1985) also considered a vocabulary item more than one word. They also mentioned a temptation to think that the core of learning a foreign language was to use words for old things. In general, vocabulary can be defined roughly from the book entitled A course in Language Teaching written by Penny Ur (1990:60). He stated [...]... such relationships: here are some of the main ones - Synonyms: items that mean the same, or nearly the same; for example, bright, clever, smart may serve as synonyms of intelligent - Antonym: items that mean the opposite; rich is antonym of poor - Hyponyms: items that serve as specific examples of a general concept; dog, lion, mouse are hyponyms of animal - Co-hyponyms or co-ordinates: other items that... teaching process, many teachers often get confused when determining what aspects of a word need to be taught such as: meaning, word use or pronunciation The course book entitled " ESL/EFL CLASSROOM TECHNIQUES AND PRACTICES" will help them answer this problem by giving seven following aspects: Form: Pronunciation and Spelling The learner has to know what a word sounds like (its pronunciation) and what it looks... of teachers use As Mackey stated:" The method used has often been said to be the caused of success or failure in language learning; for it is ultimately the method what determines the what and the how of language instruction" ( Makey-1971P:138) Following is a brief discussion of some major foreign language teaching methods and their role in the teaching of vocabulary: 1.1.1 The grammar- translation... and deeply Without vocabulary, they can not communicate with foreign people Question 5: How do you prepare your vocabulary lesson before going to class? Sixty- six percent (66%) of asked teachers prepare their vocabulary lesson carefully, while 34% of teachers said she do not pay attention to teach vocabulary carefully because the time for each period is too short, while she has too many activities... Participation: Students are required to learn from a textbook and use the same method throughout their learning Because lessons using translation method is not interactive and engaging for students, they become more likely to lose interest in their subject and less motivated to learn As a result, they will not learn how to use the language in a real- situation Unnatural and Inaccurate Pronunciation: As children,... situation using the word to stand for the meaning it represents and being able to think of suitable substitutes for the word if there any Jo Ann Aeborsold and Mary Lee Field (199 7:1 39) Classified Vocabulary into two terms there are: - Active Vocabulary refers to items the learner can use appropriately in speaking or writing and it is also called as productive vocabulary, although, in fact, it is more difficult... connotation: the associations, or positive or negative feelings it evokes, which mayor may not be indicated in a dictionary definition The word dog, for example, as understood by most British people, has positive connotation of friendship and loyalty, whereas the equivalent in Arabic, as understood by most people in Arab countries has negative associations of dirt and inferiority Aspects of meaning (2 ): meaning... words are often misused This misuse – though slight and unintentional – may be compensated by facial expressions, tone of voice, or hand gestures Nation (199 0:2 9) has divided vocabulary in the specific reference, such a word Receptive Vocabulary: Knowing a word involves being able to recognize it when it is heard (What is the sound like?) or when it seen (What does it look like?) and having an expectation... animal - Co-hyponyms or co-ordinates: other items that are the "same kind of thing; red, blue, green and brown are co-ordinates - Super-ordinates: general concepts that "cover" specific items; animal is the super-ordinate of dog, lion, mouse - Translation: words or expressions in the learners' mother tongue that are (more or less) equivalent in meaning to the item being taught 1.7 Word formation Vocabulary... are built is by combining two words (two nouns, or a gerund and a noun, or a noun and a verb) to make one item: a single compound word, or two separate, sometimes hyphenated words (bookcase, follow-up, swimming pool) Again, new coinages using this kind of combination are very common Chapter II: A study on effective methods to improve English vocabulary for eighth grade students at Lien Hong secondary