CLINICAL HANDBOOK OF SCHIZOPHRENIA CLINICAL HANDBOOK OF SCHIZOPHRENIA Edited by KIM T. MUESER DILIP V. JESTE THE GUILFORD PRESS New York London © 2008 The Guilford Press A Division of Guilford Publications, Inc. 72 Spring Street, New York, NY 10012 www.guilford.com All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher. Printed in the United States of America This book is printed on acid-free paper. Last digit is print number: 987654321 The authors have checked with sources believed to be reliable in their efforts to provide information that is complete and generally in accord with the standards of practice that are accepted at the time of publication. However, in view of the possibility of human error or changes in medical sciences, neither the authors, nor the editor and publisher, nor any other party who has been involved in the preparation or publication of this work warrants that the information contained herein is in every respect accurate or complete, and they are not responsible for any errors or omissions or the results obtained from the use of such information. Readers are encouraged to confirm the information contained in this book with other sources. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Clinical handbook of schizophrenia / edited by Kim T. Mueser, Dilip V. Jeste. p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-59385-652-6 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Schizophrenia—Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Mueser, Kim Tornvall. II. Jeste, Dilip V. III. Title. [DNLM: 1. Schizophrenia. WM 203 C641153 2008] RC514.C564 2008 616.89′8—dc22 2007033713 ABOUT THE EDITORS Kim T. Mueser, PhD, is a licensed clinical psychologist and a Professor in the Depart - ments of Psychiatry and Community and Family Medicine at the Dartmouth Medical School in Hanover, New Hampshire. He was on the faculty of the Psychiatry Department at the Medical College of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia until 1994, when he moved to Dartmouth Medical School and joined the Dartmouth Psychiatric Research Center. Dr. Mueser’s clinical and research interests include psychiatric rehabilitation for persons with severe mental illnesses, intervention for co-occurring psychiatric and substance use disor- ders, and the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder. His research has been supported by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), the National Institute on Drug Abuse, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, and the National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression (NARSAD). He has served on nu- merous editorial boards, has published many journal articles and book chapters, and has coauthored 10 books. In 2007 his book The Complete Family Guide to Schizophrenia (with Susan Gingerich) received the National Alliance on Mental Illness NYC Metro Ken Book Award for outstanding contributions to better understanding of mental illness. Dilip V. Jeste, MD, is the Estelle and Edgar Levi Chair in Aging, Director of the Sam and Rose Stein Institute for Research on Aging, and Distinguished Professor of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego (UCSD) and VA San Diego Healthcare System. He is also the Director of the NIMH-funded Advanced Center for Interventions and Services Research at UCSD focusing on psychosis in late life, and of the John A. Hartford Center of Excellence in Geriatric Psychiatry. Dr. Jeste was a research fellow, and later, Chief of the Units on Movement Disorders and Dementias at NIMH before moving to San Diego. He is the Principal Investigator on several research and training grants; has published 8 books and over 500 articles in peer-reviewed journals and books; and is the Editor-in-Chief of the American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. He is a member of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences, and of the National Advisory Mental Health Council of the National Institutes of Health. Dr. Jeste is a past President of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry (AAGP) and the West Coast College of Biological Psychiatry, and Founding President of the International College of Geriatric Psychoneuropharmacology. His numerous awards include NIMH’s MERIT Award; the Society of Biological Psychiatry’s A. E. Bennett Neuropsychiatric Research Award; AAGP’s Senior Investigator Award; the American Psychiatric Association’s Research Award; Most Distinguished Physician Teacher/Researcher Award from the American Association of Physicians of Indian Origin; Asian Heritage Award for Excellence in Science, Technology, and Research; American College of Psychiatrists’ Geriatric Research Award; and Distin - guished Investigator Award from NARSAD. v CONTRIBUTORS Donald Addington, MD, Department of Psychiatry, Foothills Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Jean Addington, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, and PRIME Clinic, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Britton Ashley Arey, MD, private practice, Costa Mesa, California Christine Barrowclough, PhD, Academic Division of Clinical Psychology, School of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom Stephen J. Bartels, MD, Department of Psychiatry, New Hampshire–Dartmouth Psychiatric Research Center, Dartmouth Medical School, Concord, New Hampshire Paul Bebbington, MD, Department of Mental Health Sciences, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, United Kingdom Deborah R. Becker, MEd, Department of Psychiatry, New Hampshire–Dartmouth Psychiatric Research Center, Dartmouth Medical School, Concord, New Hampshire Alan S. Bellack, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Jonathan Bindman, MD, PhD, Lambeth Hospital, London, United Kingdom Gary R. Bond, PhD, Department of Psychology, Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana Catherine Briand, PhD, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Tyrone D. Cannon, PhD, Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California William T. Carpenter, Jr., MD, Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology and Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland David J. Castle, MD, Mental Health Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia Robin E. Clark, PhD, Center for Health Policy and Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Shrewsbury, Massachusetts vii Carl I. Cohen, MD, Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York Marc Corbière, PhD, Institute of Health Promotion Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Patrick W. Corrigan, PsyD, Institute of Psychology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois John G. Cottone, PhD, Stony Brook Psychotherapy and Wellness, Stony Brook, New York Gary S. Cuddeback, PhD, Department of Social Work, Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina Larry Davidson, PhD, Program on Recovery and Community Health, School of Medicine and Institution for Social and Policy Studies, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut Kenneth L. Davis, MD, Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York Natalie L. DeLuca, PhD, National Center for Organizational Development, VA Healthcare System of Ohio, Cincinnati, Ohio Lisa Dixon, MD, MPH, Division of Health Services Research, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Christian R. Dolder, PharmD, Wingate University School of Pharmacy, Wingate, North Carolina Jonathan Downar, MD, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Robert E. Drake, MD, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, New Hampshire–Dartmouth Psychiatric Research Center, Dartmouth Medical School, Concord, New Hampshire Lauren M. Ellman, PhD, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, New York Lisa T. Eyler, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California Walid K. H. Fakhoury, PhD, Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, Newham Centre for Mental Health, London, United Kingdom Roger D. Fallot, PhD, Community Connections, Washington, DC Alan Felix, MD, Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York Richard B. Ferrell, MD, Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth–Hitchcock Medical Center, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, New Hampshire Bernard A. Fischer IV, MD, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Frederick J. Frese III, PhD, Summit County Recovery Project, Akron, Ohio Matthew A. Fuller, PharmD, Pharmacy Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Brecksville, Ohio Susan Gingerich, MSW, private practice, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Stephen J. Glatt, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California Richard J. Goscha, MSW, School of Social Welfare, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas viii Contributors Gillian Haddock, PhD, Academic Division of Clinical Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom Heinz Häfner, PhD, Schizophrenia Research Unit, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany Wolfram an der Heiden, DiplPsych, Schizophrenia Research Unit, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany Marnin J. Heisel, PhD, Departments of Psychiatry and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada Dan Herman, DSW, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York Mustafa M. Husain, MD, Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas Dilip V. Jeste, MD, Institute for Research on Aging and Departments of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, and VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, California Shitij Kapur, MD, PhD, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada David J. Kavanagh, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Alex Kopelowicz, MD, San Fernando Mental Health Center, Granada Hills, California Elizabeth Kuipers, PhD, Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom Sanjiv Kumra, MD, Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota Eric C. Kutscher, PharmD, Department of Pharmacy Practice, South Dakota State University College of Pharmacy, Brookings, South Dakota; Department of Psychiatry, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota School of Medicine, Vermillion, South Dakota; Department of Psychiatry, Avera Behavioral Health Center, Sioux Falls, South Dakota Jonathan E. Larson, PhD, Rehabilitation Psychology Faculty, Institute of Psychology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois Helen Lavretsky, MD, MS, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California William B. Lawson, MD, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Howard University Hospital, Washington, DC Tania Lecomte, PhD, Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Robert Paul Liberman, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California Fiona Lobban, PhD, Academic Division of Clinical Psychology, School of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom James B. Lohr, MD, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California Contributors ix Subramoniam Madhusoodanan, MD, St. John’s Episcopal Hospital, Far Rockaway, New York; Department of Psychiatry, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York Stephen R. Marder, MD, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior and Department of Psychiatry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California Thomas W. McAllister, MD, Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth–Hitchcock Medical Center, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, New Hampshire Shawn M. McClintock, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas John R. McQuaid, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California Thomas W. Meeks, MD, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California Matthew R. Merrens, PhD, New Hampshire–Dartmouth Psychiatric Research Center, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, New Hampshire Alexander L. Miller, MD, Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas Laura Miller, MD, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois David J. Moore, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California Vera Morgan, MA, School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia Anthony P. Morrison, PhD, Department of Clinical Psychology, Mental Health Services, Manchester, United Kingdom Joseph P. Morrissey, PhD, Departments of Health Policy and Administration and Psychiatry and Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina Lorna L. Moser, MS, Department of Psychology, Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana Kim T. Mueser, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, New Hampshire–Dartmouth Psychiatric Research Center, Dartmouth Medical School, Concord, New Hampshire Barnaby Nelson, PhD, The PACE Clinic, ORYGEN Youth Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia Joanne Nicholson, PhD, Department of Psychiatry and Community Health Center for Mental Health Services Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts Thomas O’Hare, MSW, PhD, Graduate School of Social Work, Boston College, Boston, Massachusetts Fred C. Osher, MD, Health Systems and Services Policy Justice Center, Council of State Governments, Bethesda, Maryland Barton W. Palmer, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California x Contributors [...]... genomics Clinical Therapeutics, 27 (Suppl A), S8–S15 World Health Organization (19 73) The International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia and Related Health Problems (Vol 1) Geneva: Author Zerbin-Rudin, E (19 67) [What are the implications of the current findings in twins for schizophrenia research?] Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift, 17 , 212 1– 212 2 Zilboorg, G (19 56) The problem of ambulatory schizophrenia. .. CHAPTER 60 Schizophrenia in African Americans William B Lawson 616 CHAPTER 61 Ethics Abraham Rudnick and Charles Weijer 624 Index 6 31 PART I CORE SCIENCE AND BACKGROUND INFORMATION CH A P TE R 1 HISTORY OF SCHIZOPHRENIA AS A PSYCHIATRIC DISORDER HELEN LAVRETSKY HISTORY OF CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS OF SCHIZOPHRENIA Schizophrenia is one of the most serious psychiatric disorders It carries a lifetime risk of approximately... to a lack of measurement tools, partic- 1 History of Schizophrenia 5 ularly for the “softer” concepts of “simple” or” latent” types of schizophrenia that addressed personality characteristics of “odd individuals.” It required another 10 0 years of neurocognitive research to narrow down the fundamental schizophrenic deficit of cognitive dysmetria, which Bleuler hypothesized as a disruption of the fluid,... proponents included Krafft-Ebing (18 68) in Austria, Maudsley (18 70) in England, Magnan and Legrain (18 95) in France, and many others In the eighth edition of his textbook, Kraepelin (19 19 /19 71) noted that about 70% of his patients with dementia praecox at the Heidelberg Clinic (18 91 18 99) had family histories of psychosis His findings set the stage for research in the genetics of the disease Findings... CHAPTER 12 Diagnostic Interviewing Abraham Rudnick and David Roe 11 7 CHAPTER 13 Assessment of Co-Occurring Disorders Karen Wohlheiter and Lisa Dixon 12 5 CHAPTER 14 Assessment of Psychosocial Functioning Tania Lecomte, Marc Corbière, and Catherine Briand 13 5 CHAPTER 15 Treatment Planning Alexander L Miller and Dawn I Velligan 14 5 III SOMATIC TREATMENT CHAPTER 16 Antipsychotics Eric C Kutscher 15 9 CHAPTER 17 ... & Klerman, G L (19 64) National Institute of Mental Health Psychopharmacology Service Center Collaborative Study Group: Phenothiazine treatment in acute schizophrenia Archives of General Psychiatry, 10 , 246–2 61 Delay, J., Deniker, P., & Harl, J M (19 52) Utilisation en thérapeutique psychiatrique d’une phénothiazine d’action centrale élective Annales médico-psychologiques, 11 0(2), 11 2 11 7 Fleishman, M... schizoaffective psychoses American Journal of Psychiatry, 90, 97 12 6 Kingdon, D G., & Turkington, D (2005) Cognitive therapy of schizophrenia New York: Guilford Press Kornhuber, J (19 90) Glutamate and schizophrenia Trends of Pharmacological Science, 11 (9), 357 Kraepelin, E (19 71) Dementia praecox and paraphrenia Huntington, NY: Krieger (Original work published 19 19) Kraepelin, E (19 90) Psychiatry: A textbook for... of populations around the world Some of the genes that have been studied more extensively include catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT; chromosome 22q), dysbindin -1 (chromosome 6p), neuregulin 1 (chromosome 8p), metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 (GRM-3; chromosome 7q), glutamate decarboxylase 1 (chromosome 2q), and disrupted-in -schizophrenia 1 (DISC1; chromosome 1q) A functional polymorphism in the COMT... objective markers of cognitive disturbances 1 History of Schizophrenia 11 Since the turn of the 20th century, theories of frontal dysfunction have provided a framework that may be helpful in understanding the consequences of injury to the brain Neuropsychological tests serve as probes of brain dysfunction The extent to which schizophrenia is a disorder of executive dysfunction remains an object of extensive... Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida Margaret V Sherrer, MSW, Department of Psychology, Lyndon State College, Lyndonville, Vermont Mounir Soliman, MD, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California Daniel G Stewart, MD, Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York Donald Stolar, PhD, Department of . 97 8 -1 -5 938 5-6 5 2-6 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Schizophrenia Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Mueser, Kim Tornvall. II. Jeste, Dilip V. III. Title. [DNLM: 1. Schizophrenia. WM 203 C6 411 53 2008] RC 514 .C564. CLINICAL HANDBOOK OF SCHIZOPHRENIA CLINICAL HANDBOOK OF SCHIZOPHRENIA Edited by KIM T. MUESER DILIP V. JESTE THE GUILFORD PRESS New York London © 2008 The Guilford Press A Division of Guilford. articles in peer-reviewed journals and books; and is the Editor-in-Chief of the American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. He is a member of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences,