[...]... Huber et al (19 93), pp 16 9 18 8 (see p 17 8) 5 Bolt (19 84); Laurel (19 90, 19 91) ; Deering (19 93); Halbach (19 94B); Grau (19 97b) 6 On human-machine communication, see: Krueger (19 91) , MacDonald ¨ (19 94), Smith (19 94) (technological); Ascott (19 89, 19 92), Rotzer (19 89, 19 93), Chapter 1 18 Huhtamo (19 96, 19 97), Dinkla (19 97) (art theory); Weibel (19 89a, 19 91a, 19 94a) (affirmative); and Grau (19 94) (critique)... example, Mitchell (19 95); Freedberg (19 89); Belting (19 90); Bredekamp (19 95, 19 97a,b); Crary (19 96, 19 99); Jay (19 93); Manovich (20 01) ; Stafford (19 91, 19 98); and Stoichita (19 98) 15 Jay (19 93); Mitchell (19 95b); Bredekamp (19 97a) See also the early reflections of Bryson (19 83), pp 13 3ff Mitchell’s book in particular has become one of the poles in this debate Although he was not the first to point out the... qualitatively from the conditions of representation found in older image media 17 Kamper (19 95) 18 One example among many from the media theorist Youngblood (19 89), p 84; see also Walser (19 90) 19 Bryson (19 83) 20 Crary (19 92, 19 99) 21 Goodman (19 68) 22 Barthes (19 80) 23 Gombrich (19 82) ¨ 24 Examples are: Belting (20 01) ; Bohm (19 94); Bredekamp (19 97a); DidiHuberman (19 99); Freedberg (19 89); Grau (19 97a, 2000b);... science 37 Krueger (19 91a) 38 Kac (19 96) 39 Kusahara (19 98) 40 Penny (19 95) 41 Huhtamo (19 96) 42 Morse (19 98) 43 Moser et al (19 96) 44 Sakane (19 89) 45 Wertheim (19 99) 46 Heeter (19 92); Kelso et al (19 93); Slater and Usoh (19 93, 19 94a); Schloerb (19 95); Witmer (19 98); Stanney (19 98) 47 Steuer (19 92); Gigante (19 93a); Rolland and Gibson (19 95) Introduction 21 ... of virtual reality According to Grau, reflection on the applications of these technologies in virtual art reveals a hyperlogical and utopian quest for illusionism Virtual Art: From Illusion to Immersion helps us to understand the implications of such desire A robust discourse on the topic of virtual art necessitates a multidisciplinary approach that is inclusive of art history, engineering, media and... of Directors: Barbara Lee Williams, Martin Anderson, Mark Resch, Mark Beam, Sonya Rapoport, Stephen Wilson, Lynn Hershman Leeson, Joel Slayton, Penelope Finnie, Curtis Karnow, Mina Bissell, Rich Gold, Beverly Reiser, Piero Scaruffi Series Foreword x Foreword Virtual Art: From Illusion to Immersion by Oliver Grau is a comparative historical analysis of how virtual art fits into the art history of illusion. .. contemporary virtual art be assessed? This book does not attempt to equate historic spaces of illusion with contemporary phenomena of virtual reality in order to construct a historical legitimation of the latest trends in art Instead, the new art of illusion is investigated and relativized historically and, in a further step, analyzed and assessed My contention is not that virtual art from the computer... large areas of art Media art, that is, video, computer graphics and animation, Net -art, interactive art in its most advanced form of virtual art with its subgenres of telepresence art and genetic art, is beginning to dominate theories of the image and art We are experiencing the rise of the computer-generated, virtual spatial image to image per se, to images that appear capable of autonomous change... Dan Sandin Art and science are once more allied in the service of today’s most complex methods of producing images The new art media are also having far-reaching impacts on the theory of art and the image In this context, this book endeavors, first, to demonstrate how new virtual art fits into the art history of illusion and immersion and, second, to analyze the metamorphosis of the concepts of art and... (affirmative); and Grau (19 94) (critique) 7 On introducing ‘‘life’’ to artificial spaces (through genetic algorithms, ¨ agents, etc.), see: Goldberg (19 89); Ray (19 91) ; Schoneburg (19 94); Thalmann (19 94); Steels et al (19 95); Sommerer and Mignonneau (19 96, 19 97) 8 hhttp:www.khm.dei 9 hhttp:www.zkm.dei 10 hhttp://www.ntticc.or.jp/i 11 hhttp://www.iamas.ac.jp/i 12 These include the Centre Pompidou, MOMA, Bundeskunsthalle, . Scaruffi. Series Foreword x Foreword Virtual Art: From Illusion to Immersion by Oliver Grau is a comparative his- torical analysis of how virtual art fits into the art history of illusion and realism. Offering. in the Image 16 1 The Rhetoric of a New Dawn: The Californian Dream 16 8 Virtual Reality in Its Military and Industrial Context 16 9 Art and Media Evolution I 17 3 Chapter 5 Virtual Art Digital!. ‘‘Soldiers’ Immersion ’ 10 5 Strategy and Work of the Panoramist 11 3 L Art Industriel 11 8 The Rotunda 12 2 Chapter 4 Intermedia Stages of Virtual Reality in the Twentieth Century: Art as Inspiration