PROPOSED INDICATORS FOR MONITORING STRATEGY IMPROVEMENT in Thua Thien-Hue Coastal Zone, Vietnam PROPOSED INDICATORS FOR MONITORING STRATEGY IMPROVEMENT in Thua Thien-Hue Coastal Zone, Vietnam Pham Hong Nga HWRU 1. Why develop “core” indicators for TTHue coastal zone 2. Integrated Environmental Assessment 3. Core Indicators Proposal 4. Conclusions and Recommendations CONTENT CONTENT CONTENT 1. 1. Why develop Why develop “ “ core core ” ” indicators indicators for TTHue coastal zone for TTHue coastal zone z Rationale of ICZM for Thua Thien-Hue coastal zone: { Complexity { Important environmental and economic roles { Unsustainable development z ICZM: CCP & Monitoring Program since August 2002 Improvements required! 9Tailor-made monitoring program??? 9Data ⇔ Information ??? 2. Integrated Environmental 2. Integrated Environmental Assessment Assessment 2.1 Integrated Approach (DPSIR) 2.2 DPSIR Application to TT-Hue Coastal Zone 2.1 Integrated Approach (DPSIR) A conceptual model to analyse cause-effect relationship by a set of indicators of environmental and societal systems (EEA, 1999) Drivers State Pressures Impacts Responses Direct casual chain Feedback chain Note: 2. Integrated Environmental Assessment 2.2 DPSIR Application for TT-Hue Coastal Zone ¾Growing population; ¾Agriculture; ¾Fisheries and Aquaculture; ¾Tourism; ¾Sea level rise 2.2 DPSIR Application for TT-Hue Coastal Zone Driver 1: Growing Population µ DRIVING FORCE of Growing Population: { Dense coastal communities { Urban and indutrial expansion µ PRESSURES of Growing Population: { Low living standard { Domestic waste and wastewater { Industrial effluent { Urban storm runoff µ 0 µ 200 µ 400 µ 600 µ 800 µ 1000 µ 1200 µ Population density µ (people/km µ 2 µ ) µ Nation- µ wide µ TT-Hue µ province µ TT-Hue µ coastal µ zone 2.2 DPSIR Application for TT-Hue Coastal Zone Driver 2: Agriculture AGRICULTURE Soil degradation Fertilizer Residual Eutrophication Degradation of coastal systems Residues Soil Pesticides Microorganism killing Runoff Toxic to aquatic species and human Land clearing Deforestation Erosion Sedimentation in the lagoon 2.2 DPSIR Application for TT-Hue Coastal Zone Driver 3: Fisheries and Aquaculture DRIVING FORCE of Fisheries and Aquaculture: { Employment of 1/3 of total provincial population { Increasingly expanded in term of both, production and area { Master Plan for the Aquaculture Development in the lagoon: Total area in 2001: 2,976 ha Expected area in 2005: 4,745 ha and in 2010: 7,100 ha 2.2 DPSIR Application for TT-Hue Coastal Zone Driver 3: Fisheries and Aquaculture FISHERIES Overfishing Loss of fish species Loss of fisheries income Loss of biodiversity Equipment Oil leaching Water pollution Disturbance to aesthetic value Conflict with tourism [...]... development Overfeeding for fish farming Excretes effluent of - Treatment facilities; - Regulation and Management Treatment facilities fish farms ICZM Tourism overcrowding IMPACT Public awareness STATE PRESSURE 3 Core Indicators Proposal 3 Core Indicators Proposal DPSIR Indicators Urbanization Coastal discharge Agricultural effort Aquacultural effort Fisheries effort Coastal tourism Current monitoring indicator... University, Provincial agencies (DONRE, DARD, DOF, Public Health Care,…), VEPA, IHE Alumni, IUCN, WWF… Monitoring Improvements “Best available Information” + “Best Needed Information” 4.2 Recommendations Further improvement of DPSIR assessment Cost-effective analysis Study on technical aspects of monitoring procedures Thank you ... risk Increased frequency and severity of extreme event Flooding Loss of beaches, Loss of arable land and brackish system marshes 2.2 DPSIR Application for TT-Hue Coastal Zone STATE • Coliform is much higher than TCVN 5943-1995 ( . PROPOSED INDICATORS FOR MONITORING STRATEGY IMPROVEMENT in Thua Thien-Hue Coastal Zone, Vietnam PROPOSED INDICATORS FOR MONITORING STRATEGY IMPROVEMENT in Thua Thien-Hue. Recommendations CONTENT CONTENT CONTENT 1. 1. Why develop Why develop “ “ core core ” ” indicators indicators for TTHue coastal zone for TTHue coastal zone z Rationale of ICZM for Thua Thien-Hue coastal zone: { Complexity { Important. Unsustainable development z ICZM: CCP & Monitoring Program since August 2002 Improvements required! 9Tailor-made monitoring program??? 9Data ⇔ Information ??? 2. Integrated Environmental 2.