Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com THIRD COURSE Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics Language Skills Practice for Chapters 1–17 ■ Lesson Worksheets ■ Chapter Reviews L09NAGUML9_i_TitlePage.indd 1L09NAGUML9_i_TitlePage.indd 1 11/15/07 9:51:47 AM11/15/07 9:51:47 AM Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com iii Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics Language Skills Practice USING THIS WORKBOOK viii Chapter 1 THE PARTS OF SPEECH: THE WORK THAT WORDS DO The Noun 1 Proper, Common, Concrete, and Abstract Nouns 2 Compound and Collective Nouns 3 Pronouns and Antecedents 4 Personal, Reflexive, and Intensive Pronouns 5 Demonstrative, Interrogative, and Relative Pronouns 6 Indefinite Pronouns 7 Identifying Pronouns 8 The Adjective 9 Pronoun or Adjective? 10 Noun or Adjective? 11 Adjectives in Sentences 12 The Verb 13 Transitive and Intransitive Verbs 14 Action Verbs 15 Linking Verbs 16 Verb Phrases 17 The Adverb 18 Adverbs and the Words They Modify 19 Noun or Adverb? 20 The Preposition 21 The Conjunction 22 The Interjection 23 Determining Parts of Speech 24 REVIEW A: Parts of Speech 25 REVIEW B: Parts of Speech 26 REVIEW C: Parts of Speech 27 Chapter 2 THE PARTS OF A SENTENCE: SUBJECT,PREDICATE, COMPLEMENT Sentences and Sentence Fragments A 28 Sentences and Sentence Fragments B 29 Subjects and Predicates 30 Simple and Complete Subjects 31 Simple and Complete Predicates 32 Complete and Simple Subjects and Predicates 33 Finding the Subject 34 The Understood Subject 35 Compound Subjects 36 Compound Verbs 37 Compound Subjects and Verbs 38 Complements 39 The Subject Complement: Predicate Nominatives 40 The Subject Complement: Predicate Adjectives 41 Predicate Nominatives and Predicate Adjectives 42 Direct Objects 43 Indirect Objects 44 Direct and Indirect Objects 45 Parts of a Sentence 46 Classifying Sentences by Purpose 47 R EVIEW A: Sentences and Sentence Fragments 48 R EVIEW B: Subjects and Predicates 49 R EVIEW C: Complements 50 REVIEW D: Sentence Fragments, Kinds of Sentences 51 Chapter 3 THE PHRASE: PREPOSITIONAL,VERBAL, AND APPOSITIVE PHRASES Phrases 52 Prepositional Phrases 53 The Adjective Phrase 54 The Adverb Phrase 55 Adjective and Adverb Phrases 56 The Participle 57 The Participial Phrase 58 Participles and Participial Phrases 59 The Gerund 60 The Gerund Phrase 61 Gerunds and Gerund Phrases 62 Participial and Gerund Phrases 63 The Infinitive 64 The Infinitive Phrase 65 Infinitives and Infinitive Phrases 66 Verbal Phrases A 67 Verbal Phrases B 68 The Appositive 69 The Appositive Phrase 70 Appositives and Appositive Phrases 71 Contents L09NAGUML9_i-viii.qxd 10/20/07 2:53 PM Page iii Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com REVIEW A: Identifying Phrases 72 REVIEW B: Identifying Phrases 73 REVIEW C: Identifying Phrases 74 Chapter 4 THE CLAUSE: INDEPENDENT AND SUBORDINATE CLAUSES Clauses 75 Independent Clauses 76 Subordinate Clauses 77 Independent and Subordinate Clauses 78 Adjective Clauses A 79 Adjective Clauses B 80 Relative Pronouns 81 Adverb Clauses A 82 Adverb Clauses B 83 Subordinating Conjunctions 84 Adjective and Adverb Clauses 85 Noun Clauses A 86 Noun Clauses B 87 Kinds of Subordinate Clauses 88 Simple Sentences and Compound Sentences 89 Complex Sentences and Compound-Complex Sentences 90 R EVIEW A: Independent and Subordinate Clauses 91 REVIEW B: Clauses and Their Functions 92 REVIEW C: Sentence Structure 93 REVIEW D: Clauses and Sentence Structure 94 Chapter 5 AGREEMENT: SUBJECT AND VERB, PRONOUN AND ANTECEDENT Number 95 Agreement of Subject and Verb A 96 Agreement of Subject and Verb B 97 Agreement of Subject and Verb C 98 Agreement of Subject and Verb D 99 Agreement of Subject and Verb E 100 Agreement of Subject and Verb F 101 Agreement of Subject and Verb G 102 Agreement of Subject and Verb H 103 Agreement of Subject and Verb I 104 Agreement of Subject and Verb J 105 Agreement of Subject and Verb K 106 Agreement of Subject and Verb L 107 Agreement of Pronoun and Antecedent A 108 Agreement of Pronoun and Antecedent B 109 Agreement of Pronoun and Antecedent C 110 Agreement of Pronoun and Antecedent D 111 Agreement of Pronoun and Antecedent E 112 R EVIEW A: Subject-Verb Agreement 113 R EVIEW B: Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement 114 R EVIEW C: Subject-Verb and Pronoun-Antecedent 115 Chapter 6 USING VERBS CORRECTLY: PRINCIPAL PARTS,TENSE,VOICE, MOOD The Principal Parts of Verbs 116 Regular Verbs 117 Irregular Verbs A 118 Irregular Verbs B 119 Irregular Verbs C 120 Irregular Verbs D 121 Irregular Verbs E 122 Tense 123 Consistency of Tense A 124 Consistency of Tense B 125 Active and Passive Voice 126 Using the Passive Voice 127 Lie and Lay 128 Sit and Set 129 Rise and Raise 130 Six Troublesome Verbs 131 Mood 132 REVIEW A: Verb Forms 133 REVIEW B: Consistency of Tense; Voice 134 REVIEW C: Verb Forms 135 REVIEW D: Consistency of Tense; Voice 136 Chapter 7 USING PRONOUNS CORRECTLY: NOMINATIVE AND OBJECTIVE USES; CLEAR REFERENCE Case 137 The Case Forms of Personal Pronouns 138 The Nominative Case A 139 The Nominative Case B 140 The Objective Case A 141 Contents iv Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. L09NAGUML9_i-viii.qxd 10/20/07 2:53 PM Page iv Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com v Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. The Objective Case B 142 Nominative and Objective Case Pronouns 143 The Possessive Case 144 Case Forms A 145 Case Forms B 146 Who and Whom 147 Appositives 148 Pronouns in Incomplete Constructions 149 Special Pronoun Problems 150 Clear Pronoun Reference A 151 Clear Pronoun Reference B 152 Clear Pronoun Reference C 153 R EVIEW A: Case Problems 154 R EVIEW B: Clear Reference 155 R EVIEW C: Using Pronouns Correctly 156 R EVIEW D: Using Pronouns Correctly 157 Chapter 8 USING MODIFIERS CORRECTLY: COMPARISON AND PLACEMENT Modifiers 158 One-Word Modifiers 159 Adjective or Adverb? 160 Phrases Used as Modifiers 161 Clauses Used as Modifiers 162 Phrases and Clauses Used as Modifiers 163 Bad and Badly, Good and Well 164 Slow and Slowly, Real and Really 165 Eight Troublesome Modifiers 166 Regular Comparison 167 Irregular Comparison 168 Regular and Irregular Comparison A 169 Regular and Irregular Comparison B 170 Using Comparative and Superlative Forms A 171 Using Comparative and Superlative Forms B 172 Using Comparative and Superlative Forms C 173 Correcting Dangling Modifiers 174 Correcting Misplaced Modifiers 175 Correcting Dangling and Misplaced Modifiers A 176 Correcting Dangling and Misplaced Modifiers B 177 REVIEW A: Comparative and Superlative Forms 178 REVIEW B: Correcting Errors in Comparison 179 REVIEW C: Correcting Dangling and Misplaced Modifiers 180 REVIEW D: Modifiers 181 Chapter 9 A GLOSSARY OF USAGE: COMMON USAGE PROBLEMS Glossary of Usage A 182 Glossary of Usage B 183 Glossary of Usage C 184 Glossary of Usage D 185 Glossary of Usage E 186 Double Negatives 187 Nonsexist Language 188 REVIEW A: A Glossary of Usage 189 REVIEW B: A Glossary of Usage 190 REVIEW C: A Glossary of Usage 191 Chapter 10 CAPITAL LETTERS: THE RULES FOR CAPITALIZATION Capitalizing First Words, I, and O 192 Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives A 193 Capitalizing Geographical Names 194 Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives B 195 Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives C 196 Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives D 197 Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives E 198 Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives F 199 Names of School Subjects 200 Proper Nouns, Proper Adjectives, and School Subjects 201 Titles A 202 Titles B 203 Reviewing Capitalization of Titles 204 REVIEW A: Capitalization 205 REVIEW B: Capitalization 206 REVIEW C: Capitalization 207 Chapter 11 PUNCTUATION: END MARKS, ABBREVIATIONS,AND COMMAS End Marks 208 Abbreviations A 209 Abbreviations B 210 Contents L09NAGUML9_i-viii.qxd 10/20/07 2:53 PM Page v Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com Abbreviations C 211 Abbreviations Review 212 Commas: Items in a Series 213 Commas with Independent Clauses 214 Commas with Nonessential Clauses and Phrases 215 Commas After Introductory Elements 216 Commas with Interrupters 217 Comma Review A 218 Conventional Uses of Commas 219 Unnecessary Commas 220 Comma Review B 221 REVIEW A: End Marks and Abbreviations 222 REVIEW B: Commas 223 REVIEW C: End Marks, Abbreviations, and Commas 224 Chapter 12 PUNCTUATION: SEMICOLONS AND COLONS Semicolons A 225 Semicolons B 226 Semicolons Review 227 Colons 228 Colons in Conventional Situations 229 Using Colons 230 REVIEW A: Semicolons and Colons 231 REVIEW B: Semicolons and Colons 232 REVIEW C: Semicolons and Colons 233 Chapter 13 PUNCTUATION: ITALICS AND QUOTATION MARKS Italics A 234 Italics B 235 Italics Review 236 Quotation Marks A 237 Quotation Marks B 238 Quotation Marks C 239 Quotation Marks D 240 Quotation Marks Review A 241 Quotation Marks Review B 242 REVIEW A: Italics and Quotation Marks 243 REVIEW B: Italics and Quotation Marks 244 REVIEW C: Italics and Quotation Marks 245 Chapter 14 PUNCTUATION: APOSTROPHES Apostrophes A 246 Apostrophes B 247 Apostrophes C 248 Apostrophes D 249 Apostrophes E 250 Apostrophes F 251 Apostrophes G 252 Apostrophes H 253 REVIEW A: Apostrophes 254 REVIEW B: Apostrophes 255 REVIEW C: Apostrophes 256 Chapter 15 PUNCTUATION:HYPHENS,DASHES, PARENTHESES, BRACKETS,ELLIPSIS POINTS Hyphens to Divide Words 257 Hyphens in Compound Words 258 Hyphen Review 259 Parentheses 260 Dashes 261 Parentheses and Dashes 262 Ellipsis Points 263 Brackets 264 REVIEW A: Hyphens 265 REVIEW B: Hyphens, Dashes, and Parentheses 266 REVIEW C: Hyphens, Dashes, Parentheses, Ellipsis Points, and Brackets 267 Chapter 16 SPELLING: IMPROVING YOUR SPELLING Good Spelling Habits 268 Spelling Rules: ie and ei 269 Spelling Rules: –cede, –ceed, and –sede 270 Adding Prefixes 271 Adding Suffixes A 272 Adding Suffixes B 273 Adding Suffixes C 274 Doubling Final Consonants 275 Adding Suffixes Review 276 Forming Plurals of Nouns A 277 Forming Plurals of Nouns B 278 Forming Plurals of Nouns C 279 Contents vi Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. 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Forming Plurals of Nouns Review 280 Compound Nouns 281 Latin and Greek Loan Words 282 Numerals, Letters, Symbols, and Words Used as Words 283 Spelling Numbers 284 Words Often Confused A 285 Words Often Confused B 286 Words Often Confused C 287 Words Often Confused D 288 Words Often Confused E 289 REVIEW A: Spelling Rules 290 REVIEW B: Words Often Confused 291 REVIEW C: Spelling Rules and Words Often Confused 292 REVIEW D: Spelling Rules and Words Often Confused 293 Chapter 17 CORRECTING COMMON ERRORS Sentence Fragments and Run-on Sentences A 294 Sentence Fragments and Run-on Sentences B 295 Subject-Verb Agreement A 296 Subject-Verb Agreement B 297 Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement A 298 Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement B 299 Verb Forms A 300 Verb Forms B 301 Pronoun Forms A 302 Pronoun Forms B 303 Clear Pronoun Reference A 304 Clear Pronoun Reference B 305 Comparative and Superlative Forms A 306 Comparative and Superlative Forms B 307 Double Negatives 308 Misplaced Modifiers 309 Dangling Modifiers 310 Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers 311 Standard Usage A 312 Standard Usage B 313 Capitalization A 314 Capitalization B 315 Commas A 316 Commas B 317 Semicolons and Colons 318 Quotation Marks and Other Punctuation A 319 Quotation Marks and Other Punctuation B 320 Apostrophes 321 Punctuation Review 322 Spelling A 323 Spelling B 324 Words Often Confused 325 Spelling and Words Often Confused 326 REVIEW A: Usage 327 REVIEW B: Mechanics 328 REVIEW C: Usage and Mechanics 329 Contents L09NAGUML9_i-viii.qxd 10/20/07 2:53 PM Page vii Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Using This Workbook The worksheets in this workbook provide practice, reinforcement, and extension for Chapters 1–17 of Elements of Language. Most of the worksheets you will find in this workbook are traditional worksheets providing practice and reinforcement activities on every rule and on all major instructional topics in the grammar, usage, and mechanics chapters in Elements of Language. The Teaching Resources include the Answer Key, which is located on the Teacher One Stop. viii E LEMENTS OF LANGUAGE | Third Course L09NAGUML9_i-viii.qxd 11/9/07 9:24 AM Page viii Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics: Language Skills Practice 1 Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. GRAMMAR NAME CLASS DATE The Noun A noun is a word or word group that is used to name a person, a place,a thing, or an idea. PERSONS governor,children, Mr. Garcia,African Americans PLACES college,islands,rain forest, Kentucky THINGS computer,clouds, Ferris wheel,Lincoln Memorial IDEAS creativity, imagination, self-respect,Christianity EXERCISE Underline each noun in the following sentences. Example 1. The state of New Mexico is in the southwestern part of the United States. 1. New Mexico achieved statehood in the early twentieth century. 2. Santa Fe is the capital of this southwestern state. 3. It is the oldest and highest United States capital. 4. The city lies near the Sangre de Cristo Mountains, a range of the Rocky Mountains. 5. The first European explorers here were Spanish. 6. Before Spanish colonists arrived, the Pueblo lived there peacefully. 7. The western end of the famous Santa Fe Trail was there. 8. The trail extended from Missouri to New Mexico. 9. It was a popular trade route for much of the nineteenth century. 10. Tourism is important to the economy of the state. 11. Santa Fe has many interesting attractions. 12. One popular attraction is the Palace of the Governors. 13. It is recognized as the oldest public building in the nation. 14. The palace is now a part of the Museum of New Mexico. 15. Santa Fe honors its Spanish and American Indian heritage at its many historical sites. 16. The city has one of the oldest churches in the United States. 17. Mission of San Miguel of Santa Fe is its name. 18. The Wheelwright Museum houses artwork created by Navajos. 19. In the center of the city are many shops and restaurants. 20. This bustling, historic area is named the Plaza. for CHAPTER 1: THE PARTS OF SPEECH page 49 1a. L09NAGUML9_001-027.qxd 10/21/07 2:45 AM Page 1 Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com 2 E LEMENTS OF LANGUAGE Third Course Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. GRAMMAR Proper, Common, Concrete, and Abstract Nouns A proper noun names a particular person, place, thing, or idea and is capitalized. A common noun names any one of a group of persons, places, things, or ideas and is generally not capitalized. PROPER NOUNS Sandra Cisneros, Houston, Statue of Liberty, Islam COMMON NOUNS author, city, monument, religion A concrete noun names a person, place, or thing that can be perceived by one or more of the senses (sight, hearing, taste, touch, and smell). An abstract noun names an idea, a feeling, a quality, or a characteristic. CONCRETE NOUNS violin, onions, word processor,Eiffel Tower ABSTRACT NOUNS peace, honor, self-control, Confucianism EXERCISE A For each of the following sentences,draw one line under each common noun and two lines under each proper noun. Example 1. Makenna, my friend, is a gifted violinist. 1. One of the fastest-growing sports in the United States is soccer. 2. Moonrise, Hernandez, New Mexico is one of the best-known photographs by Ansel Adams. 3. Climbers often speak of the mystical attraction they feel for Mount Everest. 4. Has Megan already invited you to her wedding? 5. His sister-in-law lives in Cedar Rapids. 6. Another name for Yom Kippur, which is a Jewish holiday, is Day of Atonement. 7. Bull sharks have been caught in the Mississippi River. 8. Enrico can play the trumpet, I believe. 9. Mount McKinley is also known as Denali. 10. The recipe calls for chopped jalapeños, doesn’t it? EXERCISE B On the line provided,identify each of the following nouns by writing C for concrete noun or A for abstract noun. Example 1. beauty 11. peanuts 16. truth 12. patriotism 17. dragonfly 13. totem pole 18. heritage 14. mountain 19. loyalty 15. enthusiasm 20. Atlantic Ocean NAME CLASS DATE for CHAPTER 1: THE PARTS OF SPEECH pages 49=50 A L09NAGUML9_001-027.qxd 10/21/07 2:45 AM Page 2 Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com [...]... family 16 Pep Club cheerleaders 12 faculty teachers 17 neighbors community 13 committee chairperson 18 orchestra concert 14 Congress Capitol 19 spectators audience 15 football team 20 flock birds Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics: Language Skills Practice 3 L09NAGUML9_0 01- 027.qxd 10 / 21/ 07 2:45 AM Page 4 Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com NAME CLASS page 52 Pronouns and. .. bananas, and pineapples 17 Our class read Joseph Bruchac’s retelling of the Seneca tale titled “Sky Woman.” 18 Long ago, the Seneca told this story to explain the creation of the earth 19 Do you practice soccer after school every day? 20 Do you have soccer practice after school every day? Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics: Language Skills Practice 11 L09NAGUML9_0 01- 027.qxd 10 / 21/ 07 2:45 AM Page 12 Simpo... “yardeners.” 14 Every Saturday afternoon, we have another chore 15 My sister and I clean our rooms 16 Amy, who is neat, usually finishes before I do 17 Consequently, she often helps me 18 I certainly appreciate her assistance 19 My sister and I work very well together 20 We are not only sisters but also best friends Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics: Language Skills Practice 13 L09NAGUML9_0 01- 027.qxd 10 / 21/ 07... action, or N if it expresses no action Example M 1 imagine 11 speak 2 dream 12 know 3 type 13 skid 4 stomp 14 are 5 is 15 cherish 6 regret 16 yearn 7 ski 17 travel 8 fly 18 were 9 was 19 resent 10 forget Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston All rights reserved 1 seem 20 push EXERCISE B Underline only the action verbs in the following sentences Example 1 Although my mother very much enjoys her hobby,... is the most conspicuous structure in the square Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics: Language Skills Practice 19 L09NAGUML9_0 01- 027.qxd 10 / 21/ 07 2:45 AM Page 20 Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com NAME CLASS page 71 Noun or Adverb? 1a A noun is a word or word group that is used to name a person, a place, a thing, or an idea 1e An adverb modifies a verb, an adjective, or... picture of a candle 19 Then I placed a cake under the words so that they all looked like decorations on it 20 Inside the card was a funny verse amid small pictures of wrapped gifts Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics: Language Skills Practice 21 L09NAGUML9_0 01- 027.qxd 10 / 21/ 07 2:45 AM Page 22 Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com NAME CLASS pages 77=78 The Conjunction 1g A conjunction... Trinidad 13 Snakeman held the world record for capturing bushmasters 14 Isn’t the bushmaster a large, poisonous snake? 15 The Asa Wright Nature Center in Trinidad encompasses close to five hundred acres Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics: Language Skills Practice 23 L09NAGUML9_0 01- 027.qxd 10 / 21/ 07 2:45 AM Page 24 Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com NAME CLASS pages 80= 81 Determining... to begin 16 Is this garden soil too sandy, Manuel? 17 Skateboarding is still a very popular form of recreation 18 An elderly woman walked over and offered to help us 19 The young street artist drew a caricature that was quite good 20 On the first day at camp, we arose early and went fishing 18 ELEMENTS OF LANGUAGE Third Course L09NAGUML9_0 01- 027.qxd 10 / 21/ 07 2:45 AM Page 19 Simpo PDF Merge and Split... My best friend, Alicia, is an avid mystery reader Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics: Language Skills Practice 9 L09NAGUML9_0 01- 027.qxd 10 / 21/ 07 2:45 AM Page 10 Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com NAME CLASS pages 56=57 Pronoun or Adjective? 1b A pronoun is a word that is used in place of one or more nouns or pronouns 1c An adjective is a word that is used to modify a... equipment 13 Tony is outside harvesting okra by 14 Suzanne gave a moment to catch her breath 15 Did you two create that Web page Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics: Language Skills Practice ? 5 L09NAGUML9_0 01- 027.qxd 10 / 21/ 07 2:45 AM Page 6 Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com NAME DATE page 54 Demonstrative, Interrogative, and Relative Pronouns A demonstrative pronoun . of Verbs 11 6 Regular Verbs 11 7 Irregular Verbs A 11 8 Irregular Verbs B 11 9 Irregular Verbs C 12 0 Irregular Verbs D 12 1 Irregular Verbs E 12 2 Tense 12 3 Consistency of Tense A 12 4 Consistency. Tense B 12 5 Active and Passive Voice 12 6 Using the Passive Voice 12 7 Lie and Lay 12 8 Sit and Set 12 9 Rise and Raise 13 0 Six Troublesome Verbs 13 1 Mood 13 2 REVIEW A: Verb Forms 13 3 REVIEW. Modifiers 310 Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers 311 Standard Usage A 312 Standard Usage B 313 Capitalization A 314 Capitalization B 315 Commas A 316 Commas B 317 Semicolons and Colons 318 Quotation