[...]... 310 310 310 310 310 310 308 310 309 309 313 312 308 313 313 310 310 310 310 312 312 Calculation of Body Mass Index (BMI) Clinical Trials Genetic Risk Factors: the Inheritance of Disease Rate of Bacterial Growth Standard Deviation and Variance for Use in Height and Weight Charts Value of Diagnostic Tests 319 323 3 21. .. corresponding Arabic values: M (1, 000), D (500), C (10 0), L (50), X (10 ), V (5), and I (1) Each of these values can be written alone or in combination, according to a set of specific rules First, as long as characters are placed in descending order, they are simply added to find the total; examples include VI (5 ϩ 1 ϭ 6), MCL (1, 000 ϩ 10 0 ϩ 50 ϭ 1, 150), and LIII (50 ϩ 1 ϩ 1 ϩ 1 ϭ 53) Second, no more than... xiv 418 417 418 417 417 418 R E A L - L I F E M A T H Entries (With Areas of Discussion) Optimizing Livestock Production Sports Stem Cell Research Student-Teacher Ratio 447 445 446 445 4 51 450 450 4 51 450 4 51 452 450 4 51 452 452 4 51 449 Rounding... surprising 1 in 11 ,000 Yet the odds of choking to death on something other than food are higher by a factor of ten, at 1 in 1, 200, and about the same as the odds of dying in a structural fire (1 in 1, 400) or being poisoned (1 in 1, 300) Unfortunately, these odds are roughly equivalent to the lifetime chance of dying due to medical or surgical errors or complications, which is calculated at 1 in 1, 200 5... 406 406 414 405 414 404 406 411 413 408 413 413 414 406 406 404 405 405 414 407 412 407 414 Architecture Art, Sculpture, and Design Chemistry Diets Direct Proportion Engineering Design Ergonomics ... 513 515 513 512 514 513 514 515 Subtraction in Entertainment and Recreation Subtraction in Financial Calculations Subtraction in Politics and Industry Tax Deductions Symmetry Architecture Exploring Symmetries Fractal Symmetries Imperfect Symmetries Symmetries in Nature 5 41 539 5 41 542 542 Converting Measurements... at a time, by hand AP/WIDE WORLD PHOTOS REPRODUCED BY PERMISSION Roman numeral for 900 is written CM (10 0 subtracted from 1, 000) While this process works well for shorter numbers, it becomes tedious for longer values such as 19 97, which is written MCMXCVII (1, 000 Ϫ 10 0 ϩ 1, 000 Ϫ 10 ϩ 10 0 ϩ 5 ϩ 1 ϩ 1) Adding and multiplying Roman numerals can also become difficult, and most ancient Romans were skilled... Hypothesis Testing Using Statistics to Deceive Sports Math 498 499 505 507 5 01 506 504 508 497 504 507 499 500 500 503 496 506 502 Square and Cube Roots xvi 522 519 522 5 21 5 21 525 520 518 516 517 527 526 522 523 533 5 31 535 532 Subtraction Baseball Basketball... least $55,000 At a similar fundraising event in the previous year, a little over 12 ,000 raffle tickets were sold To be safe, the committee decides to predict an underestimate of 11 ,000 raffle tickets sold at this year’s event Substituting 11 ,000 for the variable T, the inequality becomes 11 ,000P Ն 55,000 Dividing through by 11 ,000 gives P Ն 5; so the committee needs to charge at least $5.00 for each ticket... Tactics Math as a Decision-Making Tool Golf Technology Math and the Science of Sport Math and Sports Wagering Math to Understand Sports Performance Mathematics and the Judging of Sports Money in Sport—Capology 10 1 North American Football Pascal’s Triangle and Predicting a Coin Toss Predicting the Future: Calling the Coin Toss Ratings Percentage Index (RPI) Rules Math . Column Charts 11 0 Using the Computer to Create Charts 11 2 X-Y Scatter Graphs . 10 9 Computers and Mathematics Algorithms 11 5 Binary System 11 4 Bits 11 6 Bytes 11 6 Compression. . . . 11 8 Data Transmission. 10 0 Charts 10 7 Computers and Mathematics 11 4 Conversions 12 2 Coordinate Systems . 13 1 Decimals 13 8 Demographics . . . 14 1 Discrete Mathematics 14 4 Division 14 9 Domain and Range . 15 6 Elliptic. Transmission . . 11 9 Encryption 12 0 IP Address 11 7 Pixels, Screen Size, and Resolution 11 7 Subnet Mask 11 8 Text Code 11 6 Conversions Absolute Systems . . 12 7 Arbitrary Systems 12 8 Cooking or Baking