CLAUSES OF TIME – UNIT 16 UNIT 16 Adverbial clauses of time. Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian là một mệnh đề phụ, bắt đầu bằng một trong những liên từ chỉ thời gian như when ( khi) whenever ( bất cứ khi nào) while ( trong khi ) before ( trước khi ) after ( sau khi ) as soon as ( ngay sau khi ) just after ( chỉ ngay sau khi ) since ( kể từ khi ). 1. When : động từ mệnh đề when chia thì đơn + when + S + hiện tại đơn, S + hiện tại đơn. + when + S + hiện tại đơn, S + tương lai tiếp diễn. .Whenever chỉ hành động thường xuyên ở hiện tại hoặc liên tục trong hiện tại. Whenever it rains hard, I don’t go out When he opens the door, the dog runs into the house. +.When + S + hiện tại đơn, S + tương lai đơn chỉ hai hành động xảy ra ở tương lai ( nhưng khi có liên từ chỉ thời gian thì tương lai đơn dược thế bằng hiện tại đơn). When you see him tomorrow, he will give you a note. when you come to my office tomorrow, I will be sitting at my desk. + When + S + hiện tại hoàn thành, S + tương lai đơn: để nhấn mạnh hành động 1 xảy ra hoàn toàn trước hành động 2 ( vì có liên từ chỉ thời gian thì tương lai hoàn thành được thay thế bằng hiện tại hoàn thành) When I have finished my book, I will lend it to you. + when S + quá khứ đơn, S + quá khứ đơn. chỉ 2 việc xảy ra liên tục trong quá khứ. When he opened the door, the dog ran into the house. + When S + quá khứ đơn, S + quá khứ tiếp diễn d.chỉ hành động 1 ngắn, hành động 2 kéo dài trong quá khứ When he came home yesterday, she was still sleeping + when + S + quá khứ đơn, S + quá khứ hoàn thành e .hành động 1 xảy ra sau, hành động 2 xảy ra trước. When I arrived at the station yesterday, the bus had just left. 2. While: trong khi, động từ mệnh đề while luôn chia thì tiếp diễn + S + hiện tại đơn while +S + hiện tại tiếp diễn. He usually reads a newspaper while he is waiting for the bus While + S + hiện tại tiếp diẽn,S + tương lai đơn While we are studying tomorrow, our principol will come to see our class. + S + quá khứ đơn while S + quá khứ tiếp diễn. Yesterday he read a newspaper while he was waitting for me + S + quá khứ đơn, S + quá khứ hoàn thành, while S + quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn. Yesterday I asked the librarian the book that the professor had recommended while he had been giving the history lesson. 3. Before: + Before + V_ ing, S + V : Khi 2 chủ ngữ giống nhau Before going to bed , I finished my homework. + Before + S + quá khứ đơn, S + quá khứ hoàn thành hành động 1 xảy ra sau hành động 2 xảy ra trước Before I went to bed last night, I had finished my homework + Before + S + hiện tại đơn, S + hiện tại đơn: 2 hành động liên tục thường xuyên hiện tại Before I go to bed, I usually finish my homework + Before + S + hiện tại đơn, S + tương lai đơn Before you come tomorrow, I will finish my work.: thì tương lai đơn được thế bằng hiện tại đơn vì có liên từ before. + Before + S + hiện tại đơn, S + tương lai hoàn thành. nhấn mạnh hành động 2 hoàn thành trước hành động 1 ở tương lai Before the manager comes back next week, we will have finished the project. 4. After, just after: + After + V_ing, S + V ( khi 2 chủ ngữ giống) After finishing my work, the officier went home. + After + S + quá khứ hoàn thành, S + quá khứ đơn. trước sau After the worker had finished the work, he went home + After + S + hiện tại đơn, S + tương lai đơn. After he finishes the work tomorrow, he will go home. + After + S + hiện tại hoàn thành, S + tương lai đơn để nhấn mạnh sự việc 1 xảy ra hoàn thành trước sự việc 2 ở tương lai. After I have passed the next exam, I will go on holiday. 5. As soon as / just after / just as: ngay sau khi + As soon as / Just as / just after + S + quá khứ hoàn thành + S + quá khứ đơn + As soon as / Just as / just after + S + quá khứ đơn + S + quá khứ đơn As soon as he had got / got home, the bell rang. + As soon as + S + hiện tại đơn, S + tương lai đơn As soon as he passes the exam next month, he will go on holiday. ( có as soon as, thì tương lai  hiện tại đơn ) + As soon as + S + hiện tại hoàn thành, S + tương lai đơn để nhấn mạnh sự việc 1 hoàn tất trước sự việc 2. + As soon as + S + hiện tại đơn, (please) + V o ! don’t + V o ! As soon as he comes here , please phone me 6. Since: Kể từ. + S + hiện tại hoàn thành + since + S + quá khứ đơn I have studied in this school since I moved to this town. + S + hiện tại hoàn thành ( tiếp diễn ) + since + S + hiện tại hoàn thành ( tiếp diễn ) để nhấn mạnh sự việc còn tiếp tục tới hiện tại He has been selling the lottery since he has lived / has been living in this city. 7. No sooner … than Hardly … When : vừa mới …. Thì No sooner + Had + S + V 3 than S + quá khứ đơn Hardly + Had + S + V 3 when S + quá khứ đơn No sooner had he come home than the telephone rang Hardly had I arrived when It began to rain EXERCISES 1. Mount Everest ……………a height of 8, 848 meters A reach B reaches C is reaching D are reaching 2. The Earth ……………around the sun in approximately 365 days A travels B travel C is traveling D are traveling 3. They …………….a business trip next Sunday A take B takes C is taking D are taking 4. I ………… to a strict diet this month A keep B keeps C am keeping D is keeping 5. ………… Robbie Williams ………….Britain this summer ? A is / touring B are / touring C does / tour D do / tour 6. I ………….for my biology exams right now A am revising B revising C revise D revises 7. Some business , such as fashion , ………….but others are not A advertise B advertises C are advertising D is advertising 8. Which day ………… the exhibition …………… ? A does / open B do / open C is / opening D are / opening 9. She ………………the instruction . She …………….confused A isn’t understanding / looks B does n’t understand / look C isn’t understanding / look D. doesn’t understanding / looks 10. Nowadays , many countries ……………Halloween . It’s a holiday for children in North America A celebrates B celebrate C are celebrating D is celebrating 11. Columbus …………America more than 500 years ago A discovered B has discovered C had discovered D had been discovering 12. The man felt down while he ……… toward the train A run B runs C was running D had run 13. We ……… there when our father came back from the USA A still lived B lived still C was still living D were still living 14. I …………in the room right now A am being B was being C have been being D am 15. I ………… to New York three times this year A have been B was C were D had been 16. When I last saw her , she ……………in Paris A has lived B is living C was living D has been living 17. We ………… him since last Saturday A don’t see B have not seen C did not see D had not seen 18. The train …………half an hour ago A has been leaving B left C has left D had left 19. Jack ………………….the door A has just painted B paint C will have painted D painting 20. My mother ……………….for you since last Sunday A is looking B was looking C has been looking D looked 21. I ………… Texas State University now A am attending B attend C was attending D attended 22. My husband …………… motorbikes for ten years A is selling B had sold C sold D has been selling 23. I ………… from Maria for many months A did not hear B have not heard C don ‘t hear D am not hear 24. The book is so long that I ………… A have n’t finished it yet B have n’t finished it already C still have finished it D still have not finished it already 25. Are Alice and Tom still living in New York ? – No , They …………… to Dallas A are just moved B had just moved C have just moved D will just moved 26. Where is the new stove that you bought yesterday ? – The color did n’t match so I ……….it to the store A return B had returned C returned D did returned 27. How are you feeling ? – I have been feeling better since the doctor …………… A has came B will come C had come D came 28. You and Michael seem to be getting along well – yes , I ……………him better than before A liking B like C liked D have liked 29. Is n’t it hard to drive downtown to work ? – Yes , that ‘s why I ………….to work by train A have been going B have went C have been gone D going 30. When I ……… the washing up yesterday , I ………….a plate A did / broke B was doing / broke C was doing / was breaking D did / was breaking 31. While Tom ……………the piano last night , his mother …………….the cleaning A .playing / did B playing / doing C was playing / was doing D played / did 32. He ………….some juice then he …………a few chips for breakfast yesterday A drinks / eats B was drinking / was eating C was drinking / ate D drank / ate 33. I ………….dinner yesterday evening when I suddenly I ……………a loud bang A Had / heard B was having / heard C was having / was hearing D had / was hearing 34. When my father ………… in the garden last Sunday , an old friend ………….by to see him A worked / passed B worked / was passing C was working / was passing D was working / passed 35. Every day , she …………to class , ………….out her textbook and ………… to learn A goes / takes / begin B goes / takes / begins C went / took / began D had gone / took / began 36. Yesterday It rained hard . When it …………to rain , our dog …………to come inside A begins / wants B began / was wanting C begun / wanted D began / wanted 37. While Jane ……….a language course in Ireland , she ……… Blarney Castle A did / visits B was doing / was visiting C was doing / visited D does / visited 38. While I ……… on the way home two days ago , I …………an old friend A was / saw B was being / saw C was being / was seeing D was / was seeing 39. I really ………… what they …………about A don’t understand / talked B did not understand / were talking C understanding / talking D did not understand / talking 40. When we ………young , we always ………….the Christmas tree on Christmas Day A were / decorated B were being / decorated C were / decorate D were / were decorating 41. Because of his mistakes , David ………….the test again A failed B is failing C was failed D was failing 42. I ………… the guitar when she ………….home A were practicing / comes B was practicing / came C practiced / came D was practicing / come 43. When I ……… my friends , they …………monopoly A phoned / were playing B phoned / playing C phoning / playing D phoned / play 44. In the 19 th century , Lewis Carroll ……… Alice’s Adventures A. was wiring B was wrote C wrote D has written 45. Constructions on the Sears Tower …………in 1970 A was beginning B was began C began D has begun 46. The children………… in the garden when it suddenly ………………to rain A was playing / began B were playing / began C played / began D played / was beginning 47. While ……….sightseeing , my sisters ……… photographs A was going / was taking B was going / were taking C went / took D went / take 48. Cindy and James ……… dinner while Rebecca ……….Start Trek A were making / was watching B were making / was watched C made / watched D. making / watching 49. Last night we ……………TV when the power ……………. A were watching / failed B were watching / was failing C watched / was failing D watched / failed 50. Last week , while my parents ……….in the garden , their friend ………to invite them to go to the concert A worked / called B was working / called C were working / called D had worked / called 51. We asked the librarian for the book that the professor ………… while he …… his lecture on the history of World War II A had recommended / had been giving B had been recommending / had given C recommended / given D would recommend / was giving 52. We were watching TV while mother ( cook ) …………dinner A. had cooked B was cooking C. would cook D. has cooked 53. The train ( already leave ) ………… the station when i arrived A. has already left B had already left C. left D. would left 54. Please tell me the way to the bank ! Go until you ( come ) ………… to a crossroad , then turn left and you ( find ) …………… it in the right A. will come / will find B . come / find C. come / will find D. will come / find 55. What had he said before he ( leave ) ……………for Hanoi A. leaves B .had left C. left D. would leave 56. He said he would give me a nice present when he ( come ) ………… back A. would come B will come C came D. had come 57. When i ( work ) ……………………here for twenty years , i will get .a pension A. have worked B. worked C. will work D. will have worked 58. They ………… table tennis when their father comes back home tomorrow A will play B will be playing C play D would play . CLAUSES OF TIME – UNIT 16 UNIT 16 Adverbial clauses of time. Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian là một mệnh đề phụ, bắt đầu bằng. being B was being C have been being D am 15. I ………… to New York three times this year A have been B was C were D had been 16. When I last saw her , she ……………in Paris A has lived B is living. living in New York ? – No , They …………… to Dallas A are just moved B had just moved C have just moved D will just moved 26. Where is the new stove that you bought yesterday ? – The color did n’t