Ministry of Education and Training University of National Economy DOAN DUC TIEN RESEARCH QUALITY OF TRAINING TECHNICAL WORKER IN ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY IN VIETNAM Specific area: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (INDUSTRY AND CONSTRUCTION) Code: 62.34.05.01 DOCTORAL THESIS OF BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT SUMMATION Hanoi, 2012 THESIS TO BE COMPLETED IN THE NATIONAL ECONOMIC UNIVERSITY The scientific mentor: Prof Ngo Kim Thanh Prof Duong Dinh Giam Reviewer 1: Reviewer 2: Reviewer 3: The thesis will be defend before the Council to protect his State-level doctoral thesis at the National Economic University Take place at: h on July 2012 Thesis can be found at: - Library University of National Economy - National Library LIST OF RELATED RESEARCH Thesis by graduated students Dang Ngoc Lam, Doan Duc Tien (2007), EVN group-level scientific research, "Research on the building of the standard level of training technical workers in the power company under the Electricity of Vietnam"; Doan Duc Tien (2008), "Some problems of the technical worker training for the electric power industry" category Economics and Management; The Industry Magazine; Tran Duc Hung, Doan Duc Tien (2009), Occupational Skill Standards , topic "Construction of medium voltage power lines and distribution substation", building the national professional skill standard - General Department of Vocational Training; Nguyen Manh Tuan, Doan Duc Tien (2010), Hanoi Power Corporation topic "Building systems training program software and examination manpower" (testing officer; specialist; workers on the computer); Doan Duc Tien (2011), "The training and development of human resources in the Electricity of Vietnam today" category trade promotion and business management of the Ministry of Trade, Industry Journal No 45; Doan Duc Tien (2011), "Improving short-term training programs of technical workers of the Electricity of Vietnam (EVN)" category Economics and Management, Journal of Industry Introduction General Today, electric power industry technology worker training, particular in Electricity of Vietnam(EVN) is a current and strategy event Our Party has identified Development of energy must take one step forward to meet the requirements of economic – social development, and to secure nation energy" To gain Industrialism, Modernisms of country, Electric power must be growth around the rate of 15% to 17% annual, and GDP growth with the rate of 8% to 8.5% every year According to latest EVN report (Project plant for training of human resources development report 2008 report), the share of technical worker of EVN is 49,13% electricity industry (the 42.715 employees) of the total human electric power sector are 86,928 people To compare in EVN, highly qualified labor and intermediate level is 13.379 people equivalent to 15.39%; employee with higher education was 20.224 accounting for 23,26%; employee with master and higher level are 565 , accounting for 0.65% Thus, technology worker of electric power industry is largest force, directs labor and manufacturing business of all electric power aspect, from North to South area as well as the work that EVN is investing oversea The strategy development of EVN from now to 2015 and vision 2020, electric power demand growth on average 10-12% /year Manpower is main factor of development protocol of electric power industry while technology worker is main direct productive force, represent highest number In 2011 - 2012, vision 2020 a compelling set out An objective assessment, the technology Worker electricity industry has not fully meet and satisfy the requirements to perform development tasks of Electric Power Industry There are many reasons: First, the lack of uniformity and consistency model training and development; Second, lack of standards and regulations; Third, lacking coherence and complementarity between in-house training schools with on-site training; Forth, lack of good teachers and teaching facilities and modern learning; Fifth, many establishments employing not focused on work placement layout adaptation industries in which workers have been trained, leading to less labor productivity From the above shortcomings, it is necessary to find solutions to tackle the gaps in the training of the Electricity Industry Worker today With the desire to fill the gaps mentioned above, in order to improve the quality of training technical workers in the electricity industry, the author registration threads "Research the quality of training technical workers in Vietnam Electricity Industry" as the content of his doctoral thesis Research purposes Thesis to achieve the purpose of studying the following: Theoretical research: - The system of the basic theoretical issues on training, training technical workers, quality training, improve the quality of training, quality assessment and training framework theory study analyzed the factors affecting Worker training quality, determine the criteria and evaluation methods Worker training quality Empirical research: - Assess the quality of education in schools; the corporation under the Electricity Industry (EVN) Identify criteria for evaluating the quality and technical workers in recruitment (input), raising the level of training technical workers; quality assessment training technical workers in enterprises operating under the Electricity industry (self-training ), training and improving the annual; re-training Reaserch the factors affecting the quality of training technical workers at the General Electric Company (the policies, regulations and training institutions to develop human resources in enterprises of the Corporation, the situation of Electricity sector workers ), - To propose some solutions to improve the quality of training technical workers in the Electricity Industry Electricity of Vietnam Scope of study The thesis is limited by the scope of the research as follows: - Contents of study: Industrial Electricity is a kind of economic - technical complexity In addition to the power produced from the traditional methods, such as thermal power, hydropower, in recent years, thanks to the achievements in science and technology, has been the new technology to produce electricity, as electricity from wind and solar enery, nuclear power in each sector thermal power, hydropower , also include the process: sources (power generation), transmission and distribution Due to the complexity of the technologies and techniques in each stage, which focused dissertation delve into the distribution - the last important step, to bring power to the end user - In space research: the area of survey research of the thesis is that some corporations, such as the Electricity Corporation Northern, Central, South, the Electricity Corporation of Ha Noi and Ho Chi Minh City and some schools, vocational training institutions EVN - On the study period: The thesis focused on assessing the quality of training for the period 2005-2010 and propose solutions to improve the quality of education for 2011-2015 and 2020 Overview of research 4.1 The study of other countries: There are many foreign research related to quality of training technical workers, but mainly addressed issues of vocational training system reform, improving the quality of human resources to solve the supply source Worker's labor is the period of national industrialization and modernization of the country Typical research projects: - Asian Development Bank (ADB) (1990), with the report "Technical Education and Vocational Training" to report to specified functions and characteristics of the vocational training system, the national policy in job training Indicate the training meets the needs of different sectors in the economy; an important point of this report is already going into the structural analysis system for vocational education and economic experimental model of many countries with different training - Donal L.Kirkpatrick (1998) study suggested "assessment model training program with levels", with the arguments and theoretical basis for assessing the quality of the training program with levels of learners Based on the development of quality assessment methods of Kirppatrick training programs, study authors surveyed rated the quality of training of the Electricity Industry Worker of the Electricity of Vietnam 4.2 A number of studies in the country: - PhD thesis of Le Khac Doa (1989) on "Perfecting the system of vocational training in Vietnam", has been studying proposals to perfect the system of vocational training in Vietnam - Prof Dr Pham Thi Thanh chaired ministerial-level "study the fostering of university teaching and teacher training" has shown the weakness and lack of pedagogy in the training and retraining of teachers member in the 90s of last century; - Egineer.Ta Sy Thai (2000) with "Standardized Power Worker training program", has research focused on solving the problem-oriented framework to build the Electric Power Industry Worker training system 2-year term - Prof Dr Thai Ba Can (2004) to study the "Suggest methods to evaluate the quality of training to evaluate the effectiveness (measured by level, the results point), and external performance evaluation (time employment, professional success) " - PhD thesis of Tran Khac Complete (2006) on "Combined training in schools and businesses to improve the quality of vocational training in Vietnam during the current period." The author argues that there should be coherence between schools and enterprises in vocational training and help support each other in interactive training between teaching theory and practice - Dang Ngoc Lam (2007) with the project: "Research on development of standards of professional level technical workers in the company EVN", has made specific provisions on authorities, knowledge, qualifications Worker for the job The standards have helped the management level personnel of the Group for comparison grounded in meeting the standards necessary and sufficient conditions for each position of workers, from which it is oriented learning, training improve their skills and expertise - Bui Hien Ton (2009) with research results "Employment of trained workers in Vietnam", pointed out the following factors job training has a major impact on the quality of vocational training - Le Quang Son (2009) to study "The experience of the United States, China, Singapore, Japan, on vocational training policies, including training of technical workers," pointed out the importance of the main macroeconomic policy of the state for training - The latest project is "training plan human resource development of Vietnam Electricity Corporation for 2008-2010, projected to 2015." This scheme is proposed and solutions-oriented planning of human resources for the entire staff team electricity industry Thus, although there have been studies mention training technical workers, pointed out the factors affecting job training for technical workers, has set out and perform the tasks in order to improve the training of technical workers, like building a framework program for vocational training; pointed out the importance of the unified model of organization in the management of vocational education system and employment for workers, indicating the lifting method high quality faculty and job but does not consider a study to systematically assess the quality of training technical workers an industry that, especially the Electricity industry in Vietnam These contents will be further serious research, in order to improve the training of human resources development of the Electric Power Industry Worker Vietnam Study subjects: Research Worker quality vocational training in some cases Electricity Worker training and some training programs in corporations Worker of the Electricity of Vietnam Research Methods - Methods of Statistics, in the literature, to inherit the results of research in foreign countries and content related to research - Methods for field survey and interviews in-depth assessment on matters not specified in the questionnaire used - Methods of generalization, induction, interpolation, comparative and quantitative calculations Contribution of the thesis 7.1 Theoretical From the general theory of quality training, lays out the thesis for the quality of training and technical workers (Worker) Electricity industry and the quality criteria reflecting technical workers to meet industry requirements, shown in the following aspects: (1) through standard training from vocational schools electricity industry, qualified professional knowledge, skills, skilled workers of standards (2) Industrial working style; absolute observance of labor discipline, processes, strict codes of electricity industries (3) Good health, meeting the requirements of the labor environment in specific electricity industry (4) Understand, implement and traditional corporate culture morals, healthy lifestyle (5) Adaptability, work independently and in partnerships and labor The thesis has introduced a quantitative model assessing the quality of training and indicate the model is based on Donald L.Kirkpatrick proposed model to assess the quality of the training program is to assess the training cycle from quality of inputs to outputs and performance after training Using this model quality assessment training cycle is the modeling of relationships between variables reflecting the quality of training technical workers and other factors affecting the quality of training of technical workers, measurement and assessment the impact of these factors to the quality of training technical workers 7.2 In reality Through quality research training Worker Sun Electricity of Vietnam and evaluate the quality of EVN Worker training in schools and enterprises, research results showed characteristics of industries affect nature Electricity training of technical workers and the quality assurance elements Electricity Worker training shall include: (1) Training objectives associated with the development objectives of the business, industry, society and international integration (2) management model appropriate training, integrated and combined businesses and schools in training, especially from the stage of vocational training (3) institutionalize the training of technical workers (4) Standardization of leadership, training managers, trainers, guides practice (5) financial mechanisms appropriate investment, with the participation of three houses: the State-House-school business Encourage socialization attract economic sectors, the resources involved in the training of technical workers Combining analytical and research practices Worker training of some countries to improve the quality of training technical workers to meet the requirements for the country's industrialization and modernization, including electricity industry proposed a thesis measures contribute to improving the quality of training technical workers for the industry not only electricity, but also for other industries Structure of the thesis Besides an introduction, conclusion, reference lists and appendices, the main contents of the thesis is structured into three chapters, as follows: Chapter THEORETICAL AND PRATICE BASICALLY OF WORKER TRAINING ON TECHNOLOGY Chapter REAL QUALITY TECHNICAL TRAINING INDUSTRIAL WORKERS OF ELECTRICITY OF EVN Chapter LEGAL SOLUTION QUALITY IMPROVEMENT WORKER TRAINING TECHNICAL ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY VIETNAM Chapter THEOTETICAL AND PRACTICE BASICALLTY OF TECHNICAL TRAINING WORKER 1.1 SOME BASIC CONCEPTS 1.1.1 Quality and quality training 1.1.1.1 Quality The term "quality" has been long used to describe attributes such as beautiful, good, fresh and above all value and high value use Quality is not just a single feature that is characteristic of all decide how to meet customer requirements The ISO defines quality as: "set of characteristics of an entity (object) created for the entity (object) that the ability to meet the requirements stated or implicit." 1.1.1.2 Quality of training Quality training is the most important criteria, is a key factor determining the "survival" of an institution operating in market economy When the funding mechanism is no longer training, the quality of education as a decisive factor in the development of training facilities and the manufacturing facilities benefit from education and training system So constantly improve the quality of training is almost impossible to neglect of management training Quality training is expressed through output of a training process, which is the capacity of people participated in the training process to meet the objectives of the training and marketing 1.1.1.3 Improving the quality of training Improving the quality of training is the impact on the training process to improve the effectiveness of training, quality training programs, resulting in improving the quality of the training staff 1.1.1.4 Assessing the quality of training Assessing the quality of training is to review, examine and collect evidence about the training process, training programs, training institutions, based on the quality criteria required for consideration for comparison, the points and draw conclusions about the quality of training 1.1.2 Technical workers Technical worker (Worker) is trained labor nature of technical training, training programs combine theoretical knowledge and practical skills practice Typically, there are groups provide Worker, namely: (i) formal training in the field of technical education system and vocational training, (ii) professional training prior to employment (outside school) , and (iii) training of local workers We can generalize: "Technical workers are workers who have completed at least one program of a vocational training at a vocational training institutions (including the production and business establishments) and granted certificates or diplomas are recognized by the current regulations " 1.1.3 Worker Education and Training 1.1.3.1 Training Vietnamese Dictionary "Training" means "to make students become qualified under the standards of behavior" (1) Under this definition, can understand the word "training" is an activity for learners equipped capacity (knowledge, skills, attitudes) in a predetermined criteria, to become competent and friendly useful in specific tasks or any society activities - The education and training in Vietnam using the concept of training: "Training is the process of purposeful activity, organized to achieve the knowledge, skills and techniques in the theory and practice practices, creating the capacity to successfully implement a social activity (occupational) necessary " - Textbook Labor Economics from the University of National Economy, the concept of training is: "The process equipped with certain knowledge of professional services to employees so that they can always get a certain tasks " Training technical workers, "is the process of training activities targeted, organized and planned in the training system engineering practice to establish and develop the knowledge, skills, attitudes to individual employees at all levels to the level of practice, complex tasks with higher productivity and efficiency, and capacity to adapt to the rapidly changing techniques and technologies in fact " 1.1.3.2 Training and technical workers Study on "training" (vocational) there are many different approaches, from the perspective of different Law on Vocational Training: "Vocational teaching and learning activities is to equip the knowledge, skills and professional attitudes necessary for trainees to be able to find employment or self employment after completing the course " In particular, vocational training is defined with three levels of training are: Primery, Elementary vocational training and Intermediate College Thus, by author, Worker training is the process of professional training is characteristic of technical skills and training to the technical worker qualifications, job knowledge and technical expertise, skilled workmanship technical and professional work attitude Quality training of technial worker training in Electric Insustry is the process to train technical workers who meet the criteria of quality and meet the requirements of the electricity sector 1.1.4 The training program The definition of White (1995) said: "Training is a training plan reflects training objectives that schools pursue, it tells us the content and methods of teaching and learning needed to achieve objectives " (2) 1.1.5 Other forms of training 1.1.5.1 Training in enterprises Training in business primarily to improve professional training, regular refresher courses, short term to improve their workers' time to meet an urgent requirement of practice 1.1.5.2 Training outside the enterprise Besides the form of training in enterprises, enterprises send laborers to long-term training in schools When business demand for labor in the fields of business, or to prepare for the future workforce, self-organizing business recruitment, then sent a long-term training in schools with diverse professions and training systems: Technical workers; University; After college The number depends on the business policy and the specific needs of enterprises in the development strategy of the environment characteristics such as overhead, noise, magnetic fields, deep tunnel ) and (4) Understand and implement cultural traditions business, ethical, healthy lifestyle (5) Willing to work, adapt to any environment and harsh working conditions of the electricity industry Ability to work independently and in partnerships and labor 1.3 MODELS AND EVALUATION CRITERIA FOR EVALUATION OF QUALITY OF TECHNICAL TRAINING 1.3.1 The model quality assessment training technical workers The thesis summarizes three models and offer quality assessment training technical workers from which to choose the model of Kirpartrick assessment, in accordance with actual conditions in EVN to apply quality assessment programs Worker Sun Power 1.3.2 Criteria for evaluating the quality of training of technical workers 1.3.2.1 Criteria for evaluating the quality of training technical workers at the training facility The evaluation of the quality of training facilities and vocational training in general training technical workers in particular are based on the contents of the "criteria, quality control standards of professional colleges, issued together with Decision on 01.17.2010 02/2008/QD-BLDTB Social Affairs of the Ministry of Labour, War Invalids and Social Affairs " 1.3.2.2 Criteria for evaluating the quality of training technical workers at the enterprise Since the model has been studied on the basis of Kirpaktrick assessment model, the authors develop criteria for evaluating the quality of training technical workers at the enterprise as follows: - Assess the quality of inputs: Considering the Worker training system, years of training and qualifications achieved; schools; - Assessment of process quality short-term training in enterprises: Training time, the teaching of theory / practice, training location; the appropriateness of program content, the required level, add between training and actual job training and level of detail of the training program - Assessment of quality facilities for training: equipment, classrooms, practice professional equipment, safety equipment, training equipment, supplies and facilities were close to the real practice international business - Assessment of faculty quality: The knowledge, expertise training; communication skills and professional pedagogical professional experience, skills, skill-art processing, management and coordination in practice teach and guide repair faults, the theoretical amount of training and practice; scale course; - Quality assessment of knowledge, skills and training students soon: Understanding the knowledge and skills after training, comparative evaluation of knowledge before and after training, assessing knowledge, skills targeted skills training courses; evaluation methods; test results and testing; - Quality assessment after a period of training: Assessing understanding, knowledge and skills after training, assessment of labor productivity after training, layout work, success, career advancement Industry; - Assessment of results achieved against objectives set out training needs of the training program 1.4 EXPERIENCE OF SOME COUNTRIES IN THE WORLD OF WORKER TRAINING LESSONS FOR TECHNICAL AND VIETNAM 1.4.1 The experience of some countries in the world The thesis presents the research training experience of other countries: U.S., China, Japan, Korea, Singapore from which a total of offering lessons for Vietnam 1.4.2 Lessons learned for Vietnam (1) Attach importance to education, training and human resource development, particularly for the training of technical workers as an effective solution to industrialization, modernization, economic restructuring economic, and international competition (2) Investment policy for vocational training (Worker), improving the quality of facilities and equipment to practice, teaching staff, standardization of programs, curriculum, constantly training associated with new business and the needs of the labor market (3) Standardization of skills standards applicable to the entire country, creating the basis for orientation training and skilled technical workers assess national, international integration (4) Policies to create jobs for workers after training techniques, through industrialization policy fit in each stage is fundamental to growth and job creation in the economy Special importance to promoting resident private sector development to create jobs for Worker (5) the wage policy to attract skilled labor, good policy of encouraging employees to develop skills through flexible labor market Chapter SITUATION QUALITY TECHNICAL WORKER TRAINING INDUSTRIAL ELECTRICITY OF VIETNAM POWER GROUP 2.1 OVERVIEW OF TECHNICAL WORKER TRAINING PROGRAM OF ELECTRICITY OF VIETNAM 2.1.1 The organization of training The management training schools under EVN are managed directly from the Group and the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs and General Department of Vocational Training The management training of the corporation shall be administered directly from EVN to the corporation; the power company made the training of the corporation and act as Oganization and Human Resource Board of Corporations 2.1.2 The process of training classes, training 2.1.2.1 For the class organized by Vietnam Electricity Group - Each Board proposed content requirements need training, proposal development process leading EVN classes approved & Human Resources Committee Organization Director-General approved the decision to open class; classes by Location Board of EVN's choice, be it a school outside the industry, or in school; Cost: usually accounted as expenses of the EVN 2.1.2.2 For the business class organized by enterprise under EVN Group - Usually followed by the process: each charge one or more professional when a new decree issued, or new technologies are applied, determines necessary to pay for training officers, employees, they contact with training departments in order to charge the proposed training content, duration, subjects needed to train and teachers are invited The proposal and management classes are implemented by the training division of the Training Organization Department (Department) of the power company or power attached 2.2 SITUATION ASSESSMENT OF WORKER TRAINING PROGRAM IN SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING POWER UNDER ELECTRICITY OF VIETNAM GROUP From previous studies, based on survey verification review, the authors draw the review of the status of training of technical workers schools: 2.2.1 Current status of the management training of school The thesis points out that: The quality of the teaching staff of the EVN is not currently meet the requirements of improving the quality of teaching The majority of teachers have pedagogical knowledge but lack practical experience 2.2.2 Current status of teaching staff In general, the force of the school teachers with training requirements are thin, the level of theory and practice are not balanced, good teachers are skilled theory and skills practice guidelines are not high and vice versa 2.2.3 Current status of programs and curriculum * Curriculum: The program also offers serious drawback is theoretical, computer simulation instructions on the figure of the teacher, not included in tour content, practice on the actual device operation * Service training curriculum: The curriculum by teachers in the school wrote the heavily theoretical, lack of updated information to the new device on the network is not close to reality 2.2.4 Current status of facilities, material teaching and practice The institution of many years EVN has completed all assigned tasks The school has gradually build technical facilities, means of teaching and learning Due to resource and grid development, the field has been invested in teaching equipment for the classrooms, labs, practice workshops, learning models, teaching aids, learning tools, to ensure students practice skills in a complete production in the factory But that's just enough equipment to skills training practices of BA, and equipment training to improve skills they are modest, the school must put on the plants, the station to practice as stated above 2.2.5 Current status of the recruitment and training of technical workers Quality of recruitment and training of technical workers in school is not high, the reason: Most of the students who fail university, college, or expel from school for longtime this long apprenticeship needs to go to find the jobs Thus the level of awareness, academic qualifications will not be high, leading to difficulties in the work of improving the quality of training 2.2.6 Actual quality of technical workers when the school Research results show that the results of technical workers out of business school was not rated as highly specialized knowledge, professional skills are not close to reality in enterprises producing electricity sector 2.3 SURVEY AND EVALUATION OF QUALITY OF WORKER TRAINING PROGRAM IN BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY OF ELECTRICITY OF VIETNAM GROUP Assessing the quality of EVN training, if only to assess the quality of the training schools under the EVN is not enough, the need to assess the quality of training technical workers at the enterprises of EVN The author has selected five typical training for vocational training technical workers is: class experiment electricity grid dispatching class, class power measurement, class management and operation of electrical and Construction These courses enhance specific skills for vocational training technical workers power and close to the best quality standards in question, conducted the survey process and results of data collection survey, the total of data; assess the data analysis thesis has drawn important conclusions about the causes of survey results 2.3.1 Survey results at level (react) Conclusion 1: Percentage of students not satisfied with a class relatively high (40.67%), while just under 15% of students satisfied with the class There are many reasons for dissatisfied at the level of a student, aggregated after investigation and evaluation, the authors draw the following specific issues: Analysis and identify training demand - No clear link between training demand and objectives of the enterprise, leading to not be identified priorities and planning training does not guarantee accuracy - Conflicts in the appoint of participants of training courses and refresher training One of the major conflicts in compensation training, improve team of industry employees is a conflict between communication requirements, to acquire knowledge to fund training time The employers, learners, requires regular updates of new knowledge But students have to work again recently, just to improve which is a contradiction (the technical staff of skilled Directors usually keep a job, at school conditions, if the training period> month) - There is no job description for each position, leading to no evaluation criteria can not be determined as well as each location should be trained about what knowledge, skills, or specific acts - The criteria for evaluating the work capacity of new employees is based on general standards, it is difficult to quantify and only stop at evaluation purposes without annual bonus linked with analysis purposes identified training needs Regarding training programs: The weakness of the construction training program for Worker object is not actually derived from the practical requirements of business, has not been developed based on the core requirements of the knowledge and skills required to provide workers (Worker) to help them minimize the error due to lack of current skills or to enhance the capacity to specific jobs, leading to the program content does not meet requirements of the trainee Regarding training methods: the current method of training for Worker objects still use the traditional method of teaching is not consistent with requirements of technical training for workers Regarding the training objectives: Currently, the identification of training objectives are vague, it is difficult to assess the quality of base training Regarding teachers: Teachers understand and not really have much experience about the real issues going on at the factory In addition, because there is no process and criteria for selection for each subject teacher training, so this is also the risk of affecting the quality and stability of quality training in EVN.Length of training for practice guidelines is too little; Class sizes too large, leading to less interaction between students & teachers; The level of students is not uniform (at least grades or more workers in a class) and learning objectives of each object is different, leading to the same curriculum but some find boring and a the poor receive Training materials most severe in theory, at least there are situations or practical lessons from the workplace 2.3.2 Survey results level (knowledge) Conclusion 2: Students are not satisfied with second-degree assessments This is mainly due to the method, the evaluation process, content and timing of assessment is not appropriate Survey results showed that most opinions are that form, content, timing and duration tests are not appropriate for the type of skills training In the opinion of those surveyed, the content of test questions are in fact training programs, however not reflect the key issues that students need to know to serve for his work later The questions were developed based on existing curriculum and opinion of teachers, without sticking to the actual requirements of the knowledge or skills students need to grasp The selection of test questions is not appropriate immediately from the elaboration of training content The construction of the current content is taught by the old method is to build teaching outline, followed by selection of test items, and finally write down questions So easily lead to the same curriculum, a teaching outline, but each instructor can build a separate test questions for each course Content inspection is essential and crucial to success of the selection method, form, timing and duration test Content inspection is also weakness in organizational issues final test of the current course of EVN Do not check the content matches, leading to the evaluation criteria are also not high; the highest average score for criterion fair level with a score of 3.75 points; lowest fitness content of the test with an average score of 2.73 points; point average is 2.92 points criteria 2.3.3 Survey results assessment level (skills) Conclusion 3: change the level of skills of the trainees after the training is not much According to the directly management representative, only 25.33% of the participants is considered a change in the direction of skills better; index of the self-assessment by students is 38% This index is relatively low The causes of this condition is that: - Frequency of use of knowledge or work-related training knowledge in the classroom is small, so students have little opportunity to apply and practice skills Thus, although there are many cases theory test results are very good, but the actual skills related issues not change much - Content of the training program was stopping at the generic level, not yet help students in problem solving situations, when meeting difficult situations, students are nervous and unsure solving skills - The unreasonable point of training, knowledge leads to falling off the need to address the actual work involved - The level of management and supervision of the job-training and supervision at work loose, students and managers not have the regime, financial institutions & movements encouraged to commit to comments and not form sets out the objectives and plans should apply so some results not change skills - No support programs after training, such as supervision, training, retraining and continuous testing in the workplace - In some cases, the condition of equipment and working conditions is a key factor in raising obstacles, improve skills at the production site 2.3.4 Survey results assessing the (results) Conclusion 4: The impact of training technical workers at present to produce business results are not appreciated both the students and directly managers Evaluation results and analysis show the impact of training to improve business results business school rankings are not high Only 30.77% suggested that training is effective There are many causes of this situation Specifically as follows: In term of system: - Training is not a direct impact in increasing the ability to complete a specific task to achieve goals & work out (as in quantity, quality, time and cost of the job ) - No separate management system is used & training objectives cannot be employed to reduce the gap in capacity - In the training of skills, the loss caused by the lack of training are not statistics; The risk may have otherwise been trained and will have the benefit of business training for the deployment training program is also not specific analysis - The training program was held with no uniform process - The goal of each training program is not clear, difficult to assess the quality of facilities and lack of accurate assessment tools - Lack of systems to collect positive feedback from the workplace as a basis, demonstrate training needs and evaluate training results - Assessment of training just stop at the level of knowledge test immediately after the course participants, which have not developed models & tools to assess the effects of training Human: - Ability to organize and manage of employees is not high; - Ability coordination & teamwork skills are not good, some cases, considering the individual aspects and skills of some staff were very good, but when operating in a team, to bring the results of the work is not high 2.4 BASIC CAUSES IMPACT SURVEY Team of the Group Worker is the object most directly involved in production The annual training is often focused on regular training, including technical safety processes training, operation of power management, construction and installation of electricity, load path grid; the addition, also focuses on training programs specialized training, such as: Experimental electric power measurement; test measurement; medium voltage underground cable repair The General Electric Company organized training, assess the level of wage increase and competition for subjects wage increase The training for improving team results Worker training quality is not high because of the following: - Persons Worker to work as laborers directly, so the training will affect production of power company Besides, the construction of objectives, development strategy of human resources is Worker has not been focused, if not overlook is the capacity of EVN Worker - Raise the demand for technical workers is not high Sent for training criteria for grade promotion based on seniority, number of years wage effects (as prescribed by the State); not based on work requirements To allocate work according to ability and qualifications of the workers of Worker not specified (in the job description), should not create a driving force demand improve job skills - There are no specific regulations on Standards Worker skill level in the degree requirements, knowledge and skills for Worker; not so self-oriented learning as well as improve not make legal standard in applying the standard skill level (grade workers) for technical workers in all occupations EVN - Currently, programs, training curricula Worker incompatible with the actual production and business structures, the distribution of the heavy time theory - A discovery in access, survey and research on the quality of training technical workers at the Electricity of Vietnam, there is no assessment of the quality of a scientific training after training, not only to be factors directly affect the quality of EVN Worker training to overcome the key lessons for subsequent causes is not the criteria for assessing the quality of training technical workers at the enterprises to apply application and enforcement - Recruitment Worker to work in enterprises are still problems such as inadequate handling of relations, no entrance exam, which is mainly considered leading to lower profile objective, low-quality input , ability to work or study is not high Therefore improve the training quality difficult - An important discovery about the institutional, legal, promote learning, raise the level: Electricity Corporation of Vietnam is currently ranked Worker salaries in seniority, and not based on skill level , qualified to perform the job, so not create pressure on the capacity required to work, workmanship skills, sense of work, team collaboration to the people nor the Worker learning resources improve their job skills to meet job These are the underlying causes affecting the quality of the results of EVN Worker training is not high; from which help make the argument to propose complete solutions enhance the quality of training of the Electricity Worker Vietnam Chapter QUALITY IMPROVEMENT SOLUTIONS TRAINING TECHNICAL WORKER VIETNAM ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY 3.1 OVERVIEW OF TECHNICAL TRAINING WORKERS OF VIETNAM In this part of thesis presented the viewpoints of the Party and State technical workers training; vocational training system in Vietnam in scale structure, orientation Worker in Vietnam during the period of industrialization and modernization the country Besides the overall thesis describes Worker training in Vietnam, at state-owned enterprises and outlined the gaps in current training technical workers 3.2 STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTRICITY OF VIETNAM GROUP TO 2020 Development strategy of Vietnam Electricity Corporation to become a powerful economic groups with business specializing in power In this thesis presents the objectives, the Group's development to 2020, in term of commercial, power, electricity network development following master plan diagram 7, specially forcus to the development of resident manpower to meet the requirements of human resources to provide high quality 3.3 DIFFICULTIES AND CHALLENGES IN TECHNICAL WORKER TRAINING _ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY In the overall context of low quality of vocational training of the country, the training of technical workers power industry Electricity Corporation of Vietnam could not avoid the difficulties and challenges from having to meet the needs from the production unit; conflict between demands for quality but short duration training to not affect production, quality of management team training, participating faculty training; difficulties in facilities and technical training There is also the lack of benchmarks for skills due to lack of standard regulations One of the important part that mentioned in thesis is to deliver a system that views on the training of the Electricity Power Worker, in particular in Section 3.3.8 are presented below: 3.3.8 The concept of quality assurance elements of training technical workers Electricity Industry (1) Objectives, strategies and training associated with the development objectives of the business, industry, society and international integration Training objectives to help the business or schools to build training strategies There are training objectives realistic: building the strategic, long-term, medium term and short term business Training follows demands, not what you are training (2) Model of management training and development appropriate, integrated and combined businesses and schools in training, especially from the stage of vocational training The model of training of management, paying special attention to the input stage and the combination of business and forced the school to participate in vocational training practices for technical workers in enterprises, create jobs, recruitment next Worker training (3) Institutionalize the training of technical workers in particular: i) Quality standards Worker, Worker skills standards; standardized program curriculum - Standardizing the system of quality criteria and technical workers power Electricity is critical to help guide workforce training for businesses, labor quality assessment must be based on standard titles: labor Worker the workers of each target step, each profession - Standardization Worker skills match current is steps to help the Worker reconciliation, and a measure of capacity, especially skilled skills To build up the standard construction skills largely practical apply in EVN and consistent with international integration - Develop programs and training curriculum consistent with standards of vocational skills, promote increased professional practice, and modulizaiton ii) Build up criteria assessing the quality of the school Worker training and system evaluation criteria Worker training programs of the business Quality assessment after training base on constructing a quality criteria for evaluating training programs and Worker Power help with the legal basis for implementation iii) To standardized worker skill assessment central system with participation of schools and businesses The construction of assessment center affiliated EVN schools are necessary because the school has enough resources and technical facilities, people, normative for evaluation, but requires the participation of the business to set out the criteria, technical requirements in accordance with actual production iv) Standardization of regulations and training, recruit, motivate Worker salaries to promoting the improvement of learning Quality inputs: To continuously improve the quality of recruitment and training of technical workers in the career-oriented education system of national training, improve the quality of technical workers recruited to work in business through the development building regulations and standardize recruitment criteria Worker Power and power quality in recruitment (4) Standardization of leadership, training managers, trainers, guides practice Construction of teachers, vocational guidance practice, evaluation of professional quality (5) The institutional investment, financial investment accordingly, with the participation of three side: the State- school- Business - Investment in financial institutions to help enterprises improve the conditions for ensuring quality training based on established criteria Adequate investment for the construction of a training model, which reside in the model of practice, bringing new equipment, new technologies in teaching time and coordinate three side: State— school -Business Encourage socialization to attract economic sectors, the resources involved in the training of technical workers - Decentralization of finance, decentralization of management, autonomy in the allocation of investment, build mechanisms and policies for training institutions, ensuring the promotion of education quality in order meeting the requirements of the electricity industry and markets 3.4 SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY TECHNICAL TRAINING WORKERS OF ELECTRICITY OF VIETNAM GROUP After conducting analysis and evaluation of training technical workers at the General Electric Power under EVN Group, to clarify the subjective causes, objective, particularly as the evidence from the results of the survey data, the authors propose a system of measures to improve the quality of training technical workers in EVN 3.4.1 Group measures in policy and institutions to Electricity of Vietnam Group On the basis of scientific arguments thesis proposed solutions group and institutional policies to improve the system of legal documents on management training and financial investment for specific training in the construction of the "Regulation of financial investment for training and developing human resources" to serve the construction and development investment on equipment condition and practicing material for schools, institutions of EVN In this solution group the author also mentioned the reform process of evaluating, salary distribution, wages for technical workers in professional capacity by building " wages according to ability regulations" which promote, encourage to raise the demand occupational skills, increase labor productivity Motivate learning demand to improve their own technical workers Lead to quality training courses to be enhanced Proposed "Building the skills standards for technical workers in accordance with technological requirements and international integration of the electricity industry; Amendment framework Worker Power and power training schools and businesses block the entire EVN application" is considered a prerequisite for the solution complete, improving the quality of training technical workers The standards of vocational skills levels will be the basis of the goal orientation training on the basis of specific provisions on standards and qualifications and skills gained for each level workers grade (from 2-7 grade), each profession On the basis of standardized criteria Worker skill level, the author has proposed the construction and renovation of training programs and curriculum modification technical Worker 3.4.2 Group management solutions training of Electricity of Vietnam and Corporation under EVN The thesis proposed model of complete training system in EVN, building training objectives based on close to the actual, consistent with program management, curriculum, management and use of facilities, equipment of training; in particular, the thesis has developed and proposal form "Assessment of quality training programs" after the end of training, to assess quality training for training programs throughout the EVN 3.4.3 Group solutions to improve the quality of training for training facilities of Vietnam Electricity Group The specific solution, thesis focuses on the core proposed solutions, the effect of creating a driving force for improving the quality of teaching and learning which is the mode for teachers and special is the mode quality assessment work in parallel with the "to pay compensation under the capacity" solution will create motivating learners improve qualifications and skills for better job performance, thereby they have condition to raise personal income 3.5 SOME RECOMMENDATIONS 3.5.1 For the National Assembly and the Government Our Party has been consistent in building a team of technical workers for the industrialization and modernization country The macroeconomic policies of the Government are important in influencing human resource training technical workers to meet quality assurance requirements However, according to the author, should have very specific policies such as: Adequate investment policy for vocational training, training technical workers; as the United States, China In addition, there should be adjustment, modification training system to suit the market and deeply and widely integration International phase, like: Institutionalization of macro policy on vocational training, such as the Law on Vocational Training ; implemented through large national programs of vocational training and job creation - Have investment policies towards investment socialization training, training in group industrial technical workers, the corporations, business to majotiry That business directly involved in the process of workforce training demand of industry, and society - Develop training model, vocational training, working towards the pyramid development From generation to Central Junior High school, technical secondary schools, vocational colleges, to train practicing engineers; practicing professionals, and to researchers 3.5.2 For the State management agencies (Ministry of Trade, Ministry of Labour - Invalids and Social Affairs, General Department of Vocational Training) There is a need in the synchronization and coordination among three agencies: a) Ministry of Industry and Trade, Ministry of Education, the General Department of Vocational Training: is the focal point for research to continue implementing key programs in the formulation and promulgation: - System of a national program standards of the profession Worker Training areas and industries (including electric power industry) - Standardization of criteria for evaluating educational quality of vocational training schools (Worker); the training facility; the enterprise - Develop criteria for evaluating the system of vocational skills Worker trades, the market-oriented sector and international integration b) Ministry of Labour - Invalids and Social Affairs: There should be research amendments, salary guide mechanism according to ability level job skills, specific to the Worker salary scale system (A1- - ) to stimulate and motivate themselves for the Worker requires advanced level, improving the quality of training and labor quality 3.5.3 For the Vietnam Electricity Group Vietnam Electricity Corporation to have the research and development and completion of such policies: - To institutionalize the investment policies for training, including vocational training (Worker), should be associated with indicators of investment in training on the rate of investment and development of the grid, from which policy financial allocation for training and implementing training needs for the future - Standardization of Worker training schools, construction of assessment center affiliated schools in regions: North-Central-South - Renovating and standardizing the institutions, policies and training in enterprises: + Recruitment regulations (particularly the implementation stage of labor recruitment Worker) training process, amending Regulation special training-resident enrollment key input stage Worker training; + Occupational Skill Standards Worker positions; + Amend regulations salaries and bonuses paid to the Worker; towards paying the professional capacity (skill level) + Develop criteria for evaluating the quality of training of technical workers in the Group applies; + Revision; ddditional frame construction training program for Worker occupations in enterprises of EVN CONCLUSION Based on the findings of the research, the thesis has drawn some of the following major conclusions: 1.1.The thesis presents a systematic theoretical training technical workers, going into the research base and inner logic of the evaluation Worker training quality and determine the role of training technical workers in the cause of industrialization and modernization of the country 1.2 Based on the research experience of some countries in the world in which trained technical workers, the thesis was to further clarify the relationship between growth, economic development, the investment policy for vocational training especially Worker to improve the quality of the Worker team 1.3 The thesis mentioned and evaluate the quality of training technical workers of Electricity Industry in Electricity of Vietnam, on the basis of applying the criteria for evaluation of vocational training establishments of the Ministry of Labor - Invalids and Social Affairs and model quality assessment of training programs Kirpattrick, to clarify the factors affecting the quality of training of the Electricity Industry Worker 1.4 Based on survey results, reviews, thesis analyzes the factors and characteristics affecting occupational training quality Electric Industrial Worker, as the external factors, including the effects of macroeconomic policies of the State, socio-economic development, vocational training system that emphasizes quality entrance to train technical workers, the level of international integration; the inner elements, such as objectives, strategies and training institutions for training of technical workers; facilities equipment and training quality teachers, teacher training programs 1.5 The thesis was going into the current state analysis of EVN quality of training (specific as enterprise of State), to clarify factors determining the quality of training, which is the process on salary distribution, job layout and methods to evaluate the quality of training, quality assessment is not accurate capacity of Worker did not motivate, as well as pressure for workers to improve themselves, but only make a form, opposition vocational skills leading to increasing weakness of the Worker 1.6 We have shortcomings and limitations in the recruitment, use, treatment, the honoring of workers trained and skilled, not the driving force to attract human resources, not recommended and "pull" labor market training to develop human resources for technical workers in general industry and electricity industry in particular 1.7 Based on theoretical studies and practical evaluation survey of teaching training of the Electricity Industry Worker enterprises under Electricity of Vietnam Corporation has been analyzed above, the thesis put some solutions to overcome these limitations and contribute to improving the quality of EVN Worker training, of which emphasize the following issues: 1.7.1 On the organization and planning Complete and consistent pattern in the direction of the following organizations: - Set up a unified training program to train technical workers from industrial joint EVN Electricity to the unit - Establish research and development of advanced training and skills assessment Electricity Industrial Worker - Unified model of management training to the business group or unit 1.7.2 On quality management training at the enterprise Worker - Completing the training objectives, strengthen management and content development, training programs for the Electricity Industry Worker - Complete and additional documents providing training management system Electric Industrial Worker in EVN - Strengthen the management, teaching innovation and renewal of the examination and assessment of academic quality in accordance with Worker object - To build and foster faculty, guest lecturers to teach effectively - Strengthening monitoring activities of the Group and of the self-check units 1.7.3 On the conditions ensuring the teaching process of EVN - Improve the efficiency of using teaching equipment, increase investment in technical means of teaching and focus, in accordance with the device being used in EVN - Focus on timely updates materials, textbooks, print beautiful, with references for students - Improved treatment regimes, working conditions and research faculty 1.7.4 On the building of innovative training program content a) The training program: - Electricity Industrial Worker must be given formal training was used and worked on the grid - For production staff team leader, team captain and above, should be training at the unit For objects as branch chief and deputy branch must necessarily be brought to the school to train - The organization of the class to pay attention to business and production processes of EVN, to avoid the end of May, last year b) The new technical programs: - Putting into teaching at the School of the Group's management process, operation, maintenance and repair of new equipment and field trips to students at the power plant, electricity companies, power stations so that learners can combine theory and practice - For long-term training technical workers (2nd year, years) of the General Electric Company in collaboration with the Vocational Training School building power research and teaching programs of vocational subjects - For the short-term training, advanced training for professional technical workers of the EVN Electricity Industry: Electricity University has studied the proposed solution and construction of training programs frequent short-term support for specific audiences To improve the quality of completed training technical workers at the General Electric Company EVN, thesis and propose solutions to improve the Worker Training wage increase, proposed construction of skill standards professional and technical workers; the training program refresher training; the training curriculum of the vocational training for wage increase In conditions of limited time, energy and resources are limited, new research work conducted in the first step is to build and gather some of the content, training and retraining of the array knowledge, such as management and operation of power systems, test and measurement, electrical construction, training, new technology and skill upgrading training technical workers to propose some solutions to improve the quality of training technical workers EVN's electricity industry According to the author, if there is continued investment of time and resources to put into teaching and training programs developed and implemented the measures mentioned, the new sufficient factual basis So many points in this thesis need to comment, supplement to enhance the science and practice Also the author would like to continue research to improve to improve the quality of training technical workers, which is the leading concern of corporations and the general EVN, namely to continue: - Research proposal for the standard level of vocational skills training technical workers (7 steps) uniformly throughout the EVN - To study and propose the construction program; curriculum of vocational skill upgrading Worker - To study and propose training models fit the pay raise Worker Training in the Electricity Company of EVN - Construction of teaching staff, part-time teachers, education managers training in service - Proposed management measures and the conditions of facilities to ensure the training and refresher training technical workers - Develop training centers, quality assessment Electricity Industrial Worker with basic training, to ensure realistic production and objectively evaluate the quality of training technical workers - Strengthening monitoring activities of EVN and self-examination by the power company EVN for the training, professional training Product oriented: The framework program; The criteria for assessing the quality of training technical workers; the standards of vocational skills; the standard curriculum fostering the professional level of technical workers ... Electricity Worker Vietnam Chapter QUALITY IMPROVEMENT SOLUTIONS TRAINING TECHNICAL WORKER VIETNAM ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY 3.1 OVERVIEW OF TECHNICAL TRAINING WORKERS OF VIETNAM In this part of thesis... Vietnam in scale structure, orientation Worker in Vietnam during the period of industrialization and modernization the country Besides the overall thesis describes Worker training in Vietnam,... Vietnam", has been studying proposals to perfect the system of vocational training in Vietnam - Prof Dr Pham Thi Thanh chaired ministerial-level "study the fostering of university teaching and teacher